四级作文翻译范文

推荐第1篇：购物四级作文翻译

Online Shopping

Nowadays, with the rapid development of information technology, online shopping has gained great popularity among more and more web users.For example, it is fashionable for youngsters to purchase daily eentials, such as books, clothes, electrical equipment, on some famous website, like Taobao, EBay and Alibaba.

Undoubtedly speaking, online shopping has many advantages.Firstly, compared with traditional shopping, it’s very convenient.What you need to do is just clicking your mouse and waiting instead of going out by foot or driving.Secondly, more choices than real store are another attraction to customers.However, in spite of convenience and more choices of online shopping, we cannot turn a blind eye to its disadvantages.Obviously, quality problem is its first disadvantage.It’s common that articles aren’t so good just as they are described online that customers always buy fake commodities.In addition, it’s

troublesome and annoying for many customers to make a change when they are not satisfied with what they bought online.

As a college student, I like online shopping but I expected that effective measures should be taken to make it better。Specifically speaking, government should work out strict regulations and rules to prevent unfaithful and unlawful activities of online shop owners.Only by this way can online shopping become really safe and attract an increasing number of customers.

网上购物

如今,随着信息技术的飞速发展,网上购物已经深受越来越多的网民。例如,它是时尚的年轻人购买日常必需品,如书籍、衣服、电器设备,在一些著名的网站,例如淘宝,易趣网和阿里巴巴。

毫无疑问来说,网上购物也有很多优点。首先,相对于传统的购物,非常方便。你所要做的只是点击你的鼠标和等待,而不是出去步行或驾驶。其次,更多的选择而非真实的商店是另一个吸引顾客。然而,尽管更多的选择,操作方便、在线购物,我们不能视而不见缺点。很明显,质量问题是其第一不利。这是常见的文章并不太好就像它们被描述网上顾客总是买假冒伪劣商品。此外,它的麻烦和烦恼的为广大客户来改变当他们不满意他们在网上购买。

作为一名大学生,我喜欢网上购物,但我认为应采取有效措施使它better.Specifically来说,政府应该制定严格的法规和规章,防止违法行为的不忠的在线商店的主人。只有这样才能成为真正的网上购物安全,吸引着越来越多的客户

Nowadays with the ever rapid development and increasing popularity of the information technology , shopping on the internet has been a fashion especially among the youngsters.

Online shopping has made our daily life more convenient and comfortable.For example ,

shopping on the internet can save students a great deal of time on the way between home and store, so they would be able to concentrate more time and energy on their academic work.The internet has shorten the distance between manufacturers and consumers and thus we can even buy goods in other countries .On the other hand , lack of the face to face deal makes online shopping le reliable and trustworthy.What’ s more the delivery will increase the risk of items’ damage.

In my opinion, shopping on the internet is a irreversible trend.More and more people will be accustomed to it.It will be much more popular in the near future.And at the same time we should take some measures to make it perfect.

现今的永恒的迅速发展和日益普及的信息技术,网上购物已经时尚尤其是年轻人。

网上购物使我们的日常生活更方便和舒适。例如,网上购物可以节省学生大量的时间在路上在家庭和商店,所以他们能够集中更多的时间和精力放在学习上。互联网已缩短厂家和消费者之间的距离,因此,我们甚至可以在其他国家购买商品。另一方面,缺乏面对面,使网上购物交易不太可靠的,值得信任。什么交货的风险增加的项目”的伤害。

在我看来,网上购物是一个不可逆转的趋势。越来越多的人会习惯它。这将是更受欢迎的,在不久的将来。同时我们应该采取一些措施,使其完美。

推荐第2篇：四级翻译

Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a paage from Chinese to English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

2016年12月英语四级翻译真题及参考答案（卷一）

红色

在中国文化中，红色通常象征着好运、长寿和幸福，在春节和其他喜庆场合，红色到处可见。人们把现金作为礼物送给家人或亲密朋友时，通常放在红信封里。红色在中国流行的另一个原因是人们把它与中国革命和共产党相联系。然而，红色并不总是代表好运与快乐。因为从前死者的名字常用红色书写，用红墨水写中国人名被看成是一种冒犯行为。

2016年12月英语四级翻译真题及参考答案（卷二）

在中国文化中，黄颜色是一种很重要的颜色，因为它具有独特的象征意义。在封建(feudal)社会中，它象征统治者的权力和权威。那时，黄色是专为皇帝使用的颜色，皇家宫殿全都漆成黄色，皇袍总是黄色的，而普通老百姓是禁止穿黄色衣服的。在中国，黄色也是收获的象征。秋天庄稼成熟时，田野变得一片金黄。人们兴高采烈，庆祝丰收。

要点1：黄颜色是一种很重要的颜色yellow is an important color, 相信这句大家都能译的出来，不过要注意：“黄颜色”不需要写yellow color，因为yellow本来就是黄色。 要点2：它具有独特的象征意义which carries a unique symbolic meaning.

要点3：它象征着统治者的权利和权威It embodies rulers’ power and authority.此处，统治者可以接受的译法还有：governor, dominator都是可以的。象征还可以写成symbolize,represent.要点4：皇家宫殿全都漆成黄色royal palaces were painted with yellow.皇家宫殿royal palaces，皇帝emperor，黄袍imperial robes.要点5：普通老百姓是禁止穿黄色衣服的average people were not allowed to wear yellow clothes，禁止还可以用：ban, forbid.

要点6：秋天庄稼成熟时，田野变得一片金黄When crops are ripe in Fall, the farmlands become a piece of golden yellow.

2016年12月英语四级翻译真题及参考答案（卷三）

白色

随着中国的改革开放，如今很多年轻人都喜欢举行西式婚礼。新娘在婚礼上穿着白色婚纱，因为白色被认为是纯洁的象征。然而，在中国传统文化中，白色经常是葬礼上使用的颜色。因此务必记住，白花一定不要用作祝人康复的礼物，尤其不要送给老年人或危重病人。同样，礼金也不能装在白色信封里，而要装在红色信封里。

参考范文：

William Pu

Sunday,

December 18, 2016

1、

模拟题

上个世纪90年代以来，气候问题日渐被世人关注并演化成为一个全球政治议题。20年的气候谈判展现出气候政治博弈的复杂局面，利益主体的分化和博弈主题的扩展造成了气候政治合作这一全球性难题。在这样的背景下，我国应当做出如下战略选择加以应对：一是掌握主动，坚持低碳发展；二是积极应对，争取话语优势；三是广泛参与，改造游戏规则。

参考译文

Since the 1990\'s, climate problems have become a global concern as a topic on the world political agenda. Climate negotiations in the past 20 years have ended in a complicated situation of political game on climate, and the differentiation of the interest subjects and the extension of the theme of the game have become a global dilemma in the political cooperation on climate. Under such circumstances, China should respond with the following strategic choices: 1.taking the initiative in our own hands and sticking to low-carbon emiion development; 2.making active responses and striving for a bigger say; and 3.taking an extensive participation, and trying to reform the game rule

2、徐霞客一生周游考察了十六个省，足迹几乎遍及全国。他在考察的过程中，从不盲目迷信书本上的结论。他发现前人研究地理的记载有许多很不可靠的地方。为了进行真实细致的考察，他很少乘车坐船，几乎全靠双脚翻山越岭，长途跋涉；为了弄清大自然的真相，他总是挑选道路艰险的山区，人迹稀少的森林进行考察，发现了许多奇山秀景。

Xu Xiake toured and investigated 16 provinces in his lifetime, covering almost the whole country.When he was carrying out his investigations, he never took blind belief in the conclusions in the books.Instead he found a lot of unreliable points in the geographic records taken by his predeceors.In order to make his investigations reliable and thorough, he seldom traveled by carriage or boat.Instead, he took long, arduous trips on foot almost all the time, climbing mountains and hills.In order to learn the truth of nature, he always chose to conduct investigations in mountainous roads and lonely woods, where he discovered a lot of magnificent peaks and beautiful sights.

3、一档在国内异常火爆的电视比赛节目，引发了不少人的焦虑——大家书写汉字的能力正在不断衰退。

电脑和智能手机的迅速发展和普及，致使很多年轻人都拿起了笔却写不来字。若不借助电子产品的提醒，不少人连常用的那一万多个汉字都会想不起该怎么写。

复杂的汉字书写体系是中国古代文化遗留下来的瑰宝，而这一体系正不可避免地面临着退化的命运。 参考译文：

A televised contest that has become hugely popular in China has led to nationwide hand-wringing over the population’s increasing inability to write Chinese characters. The rapid rise of computers and smartphones has left most young people barely able to write by hand, with many unable to recall the estimated 10,000 characters used in daily life without an electronic prompt.The country’s complex writing system, a highly prized treasure of its ancient culture, is entering an inexorable decline.

4、从10月1日起，中国“草根英雄”（也称“感动2013人物”）第三季度网络人物评选正式启动。

评选活动由新华社发起并主办。网友可以通过网站、微博和手机应用三种方式为心中最爱的“草根英雄”投票。

评选将从20位候选人中选出10位主要事迹在道德和社会领域引起过广泛关注的网络人物。

陕西省28年治沙73000公顷“逐梦大漠”的牛玉琴，即是候选人之一。 参考译文：

Online voting kicked off on October 1st to select China’s graroots heroes or “Good Samaritans” for the third quarter of 2013.

Initiated and sponsored by Xinhua News Agency, netizens can vote for their favorites online or via microblogs and mobile applications. A total of 10 individuals will be selected from 20 candidates known for actions that have drawn attention to moral and societal iues. Shaanxi Province’s Niu Yuqin, who over the last 28 years has planted over 73,000 hectares of trees to control desertification, is among the candidates.

5、在中国，喝茶是一种仪式（ritual），一种精致的品味（refined taste）的展示。人们在饮茶的同时，也领略品茶的情趣之意。喝茶聊天是中国人最流行的打发时间的方式。过去，他们是以进有名的茶馆而开始一天的生活。中国的茶馆相当于法国的咖啡馆和英国的酒馆。人们到这里不仅是为了喝茶，也是为了议论当地的新闻货就政治话题进行激烈的辩论。

参考译文：

Tea drinking in China is a ritual and a demonstration of the refined taste.While drinking tea, people also take delight in the eence of tea itself.Chatting over a pot of tea is a very popular way of pastime among Chinese.In the past, they would start the day with a visit to a well-known teahouse.Chinese teahouses would be the equivalent of French cafes and English pubs.People come here not just for tea, but also to discu local news or to have intensive debates on political matters.

6、旅游业是近二十年来在世界各地迅速发展的一个行业，现在正引起中国公众越来越多的注意。许多人给报纸写信，就促进中国旅游业的发展提出了种种建议。人们的看法是，发展旅游业将有助于促进中国人民和其他国家人民之间的相互了解和友谊，并将有利于文化、科学、技术方面的交流。还会有助于为中国的伟大事业积累资金。

参考译文：

Tourism, a fast developing busine over the last two decades in all parts of the world, is now receiving increasing attention among the Chinese public.Many people have written to the pre making suggestions for the promotion of tourism in China.It is believed that the development of tourism will help promote mutual understanding and friendship between the people of China and other countries, and facilitate exchanges in the field of culture, science and technology.Moreover, it will help accumulate funds for China’s great cause.

7、意大利著名旅行家马可。波罗(Marco Pole)曾这样叙述他印象中的杭州：“这是世界上最美妙迷人的城市，它使人觉得自己社在天堂。”在中国，也流传着这样的话：“上有天堂，下有苏杭。”杭州的名气主要在于风景如画的西湖。西湖一年四季都美不胜收，宋代著名诗人苏东坡用“淡妆浓抹总相宜”的诗句来赞誉西湖。在杭州，您可以饱览西湖的秀色，也不妨漫步(stroll)街头闹市，品尝一下杭州的名菜名点，还可购上几样名特土产。

参考译文：

The famous Italian traveler Marco Pole was so impreed by the beauty of Hangzhou that he described it as “the most fascinating city in the world where one feels that one is in paradise.” In China, there has been a century-old popular saying praising the city: In Heaven there is Paradise; OnEarth there are Suzhou and Hangzhou.” Hangzhou’s fame lies mainly in its picturesque West Lake.As it is beautiful all the year round, the West Lake was compared by Su Dongpo, a celebrated poet of the Song Dynasty, to a beauty “who is always charming in either light or heavy makeup.” In Hangzhou, you will not only find the lake a perfect delight to the eye but also find it a joy to stroll along the busy streets, taste famous Hangzhou dishes and buy some special local products.

8、目前，人类的生存环境正在遭到破坏，美丽的大自然已经不那么美丽了。保护野生动物，也就是保护人娄自己。我强烈呼吁：不要再捕杀黑猩猩，不要再捕杀野生动物了，让我们人类多一些地球上的朋友，多给我们下一代保留一些野生动物吧! 否则，地球将毁灭在人类手 中，人类将毁灭在自己手中。

参考译文：

At present, man’s living environment is being ruined, and beautiful nature is no longer so beautiful.Protection of wild life is protection of man himself.So I appeal strongly to all to stop killing the chimpanzee or any other wild animal.Let us human beings have more friends on the earth, and

leave more wild life for future generations.Or the earth would be destroyed by man, and man by man himself.

9、农历八月十五日是中国的传统节日——中秋节。在这天，每个家庭都团聚在一起，一家人共同观赏象征丰裕、和谐和幸运的圆月。此时，大人们吃着美味的月饼，品着热腾腾的香茗，而孩子们则在一旁拉着灯笼尽情玩耍。中秋节最早可能是一个庆祝丰收的节日。后来，月宫里美丽的仙女嫦娥的神话故事赋予了它神话色彩。此后，每年中秋月圆之时，人们向月宫仙女嫦娥祈福的传说便流传开来。

参考译文：

\"Zhong Qiu Jie\", which is also known as the Mid-Autumn Festival, is celebrated on the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar calendar.It is a time for family members and loved ones to get together and enjoy the full moon - a symbol of abundance, harmony and luck.Adults will usually indulge in fragrant mooncakes of many varieties with a good cup of piping hot Chinese tea, while the little ones run around with their lanterns.\"Zhong Qiu Jie\" probably began as a harvest festival.The festival was later given a mythological flavour with legends of Chang-E, the beautiful lady in the moon.Thus started the legend of the lady in the moon to whom people would pray at the Mid-Autumn Festival.

10、端午节，又称为五五节，因为端午节是在农历的五月五日，它是中国重要的节庆之一。这个节日是为了纪念楚国 (the Chu Emperor) 的大夫屈原，他因为对朝廷 (court) 的贪污腐败感到绝望而投河自尽。镇上的人纷纷冲上船去救他，却没有成功。后来大家把米撒到水里，希望把饥饿的鱼群从他的躯体边引开。多年以后，屈原逝世的故事逐渐演变成赛龙舟和吃粽子(一种包在竹叶中的米食)的传统。

参考译文：

The Dragon Boat Festival, also called Double Fifth Festival, is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth moon of the lunar calendar.It is one of the most important Chinese festivals.The festival commemorates Qu Yuan, a minister in the service of the Chu Emperor.Despairing over corruption at court, Qu threw himself into a river.Townspeople jumped into their boats and tried in vain to save him.Then, hoping to distract hungry fish from his body, the people scattered rice on the water.Over the years, the story of Qu’s demise transformed into the traditions of racing dragon boats and eating zongzi – a kind of rice wrapped in bamboo leaves.

11、春节是中国最重要的节日，也是大家所熟悉的中国新年。对于中国人来说，这个节日的重要性如同圣诞节对于西方人。 具体的节庆日期是由农历（lunar calendar）而不是由公历（Gregorian calendar）决定的。所以，春节的节庆日期一般在元月下旬与二月上旬之间。新年的准备活动自腊月底（农历年底）开始，人们忙于扫尘，还清债务，理发，置新衣。人们也会在家中或到庙里烧香（burn incense）祭祖，祈求老天爷保佑平安。

译文：The most important holiday in China is the Spring Festival, which is also known as the Chinese New Year.To the Chinese people it is as important as Christmas to the westerners.The date for this annual celebration is determined by the lunar calendar rather than the Gregorian calendar, so the timing of the holiday varies form late January to early February.Preparations for the New Year begin on the final days of the last lunar month when most families clean their homes, pay their debts, have their hair cut and buy new clothes.People also burn incense at home or in the temples to pay respect to their ancestors and to pray to the God for a happy life in the coming year.

12、原文：中国日益扩大的国际接触对其进步一直是至关重要的。中国能够在已取得的经济成功的基础上进一步发展，关键是它进入了世界市场。让我们看几个统计数字。1979年以来，外贸占中国国民生产总值（Gro National Product/GNP）的比重从10%上升到45%。融入世界市场已成为中国经济生活的一个基本事实。继之而来的是融入世界投资体系。外国资金大量流入中国，外资存量（reserve of foreign funds）从1989年的50亿美元上升到1994年的近900亿美元。

译文：China’s growing international engagement has been vital to her progre.The key to sustaining and building on early economic succe was China’s move into the world markets.Let’s consider a couple of statistics.Since 1979 foreign trade, as a share of China’s GNP has risen from 10% to 45%.Integration in the world markets became a bare fact of Chinese economic life.With that came integration into the world investment system.Foreign funds flowed into China in a spectacular way.The reserve of foreign funds grew form ＄ 5 billion in 1989 to nearly 90 billion by 1994.

13、我们中国是世界上最大的国家之一，它的领土和整个欧洲的面积差不多相等。在这个广大的领土之上，有广大的肥田沃地给我们以衣食之源；有纵横全国的大小山脉，生长了广大的森林，贮藏了丰富的矿产；有很多的江河湖泽，给我们以舟揖和灌溉之利；有很长的海岸线，给我们以交通海外各民族的方便。（136字） 难点注释：

1）广大的肥田沃地large areas of fertile land

2)给我们以衣食之源provide us with food and clothing

3）纵横全国的大小山脉mountain ranges acro its length and breadth

4）广大的森林，丰富的矿产with extensive forests and rich mineral deposits

5）给我们以舟揖和灌溉之利provide us with water transport and irrigation

6）交通海外各民族的方便facilitate communication with nations beyond the seas 参考译文：

China is one of the largest countries in the world，her territory being about the size of the whole of Europe.In the vast country of ours there are large areas of fertile land which provide us with food and clothing，mountain ranges acro its length and breadth with extensive forests and rich mineral deposits，many rivers and lakes which provide us with water transport and irrigation，and a long coastline which facilitates communication with nations beyond the seas.

14、一周七天不间断的学习，这些学生的生活的每一分钟都在为高考准备，因为高考决定了他们的命运。对于那些来自贫困或者农村家庭的孩子们来说，在这场考试中好好表现，毫无置疑是他们爬上社会阶梯并成功的唯一的方法。竞争是激烈的，大部分的高中生最后不得不被分配到职业学校去。（128字）

每一分钟都在为高考准备are regimented(严格地管制) almost every minute of the day as they prepare for 不得不被分配到be relegated（归入，把降低到） to 参考译文：

Studying seven days a week, the students’ lives are regimented(严格地管制) almost every minute of the day as they prepare for the end-of-year exam that can determine their fate.For many students from poor or rural backgrounds, a strong performance on the test is the only way to climb the social ladder and excel without connections.Competition is fierce and the majority of high school seniors will be relegated（归入，把降低到） to vocational schools.

15、污染已成为问题，因为在当今人口越来越多，社会越来越工业化的世界上，人类正在污染他们居住的环境。许多科学家认为人类最大的错误是把发展和进步等同起来。现在人们以怀疑的态度看待“发展性”的产业，因为它们的副作用会破坏环境，破坏各种生命之间的关系。人口的增长导致对世界上有限的空气、水和土地的需求不断增长。伴随着人口增长的是越来越多的人渴望更高的生活水平。于是对电、水和商品的更大需求必然造成有更多的废物要处理。这个问题已经引起人们对生物及其环境的日益关注。许多人认为，人类没有尽快地解决这一问题，却只顾谋求私利，以致于到了无可挽救的地步以后才充分认识到这种兵贵神速。

参考译文：

Pollution is a problem because man in an increasingly populated and industrialized world is upsetting the environment in which he lives.2) Many scientists maintain that one of man’s greatest errors has been to equate growth with advancement.3) Now “growth” industries are being looked on with suspicion in case their side effects damage the environment and disrupt the relationship of different forms of life.4) The growing population makes increasing demands on the world’s fixed supply of air water and land.5) This rise in population is accompanied by the desire of more and more people for a better standard of living, in an ever increasing amount of waste material to be disposed of.6) The problem has been causing increasing concern to living things and their environment.7) Many believe that man is not solving these problems quickly enough and that his selfish pursuit of poeions takes him past the point of no return before he fully appreciates the damage.

16、现在大学生的学习压力相当重。除了大四，他们开始找工作了，其余的学生总是忙于学习，而不愿参加校园团体和俱乐部，不愿参加体育锻炼和其他课外活动，不愿与他们的朋友玩玩，不愿关心和学习没有关系的事。总之，他们就像一个机器人。压力大，时间少，功课多。看到同寝室里的人都上图书馆去学习，到深夜闭馆才回，而自己却去看电影，他们就会有一种内疚感。一想到白天什么事都没干，心里就感到不安，会整夜因此睡不着觉。他们学习太紧张，几乎没有时间好好品尝生活，干些其他事，成为一个全面发展的人。读大学使他们失去太多的个人幸福和健康。

参考译文：

College students now bear heavy academic preure.2) You will find them—except seniors who are beginning to look for a job—always too busy in studies to join campus organizations too busy to take part in sports and other extracurricular activities too busy to share the interests of their friends and too busy to pay attention to anything that is not connected with their studies.3) In short they have become nothing but a robot.4) They are under preure to do too much work in too little time.5) If their roommates are studying in the library until it closes at midnight while they go to a movie they will feel guilty.6) The very idea of doing nothing during the day will make them uncomfortable and sleeple all night.7) They study so hard that they have hardly had time to savor life and to pursue other interests to grow as well-rounded people.8) The pursuit of college education costs them too much personal happine and health.

17、新年春节刚过，农村的破旧小车站就挤满了成千上万的农民。他们只有一个目的，到城市去。八十年代处，农村的改革，使得千千万万的农民从土地上解放了出来，纷纷跑到城市找工作。自那以后，这种大规模的民工潮一直使城市感到头痛。这不仅是因为对城市设施造成了极大的压力，而且他们担心会引发许多社会矛盾。所以外来民工往往补被看成二等公民，不能成为城市居民，孩子不能在城市读书。但是另一方面，城市和经济开发区的发展急切需要大批劳力到工厂和建设工地。而且政府也感到如果不让农民出来。而农民的不满加剧，会导致社会*。

参考译文“

Only a few days after the Lunar New Year in dilapidated little railway stations throughout the countryside millions of peasants are gathering with a single purpose to get to the cities.3,4) Even since the early 1980s when the agricultural reform freed millions of farmers to seek city jobs the ma not just because of the preure it puts on infrastructure.5) Many fear that migration on such a giant scale will lead to social strain,6) As a result they have treated the migrants as second-cla citizens.6) For instance workers form the rural heartland are denied the right to settle down as permanent residents and to send their children to city schools.7) But on the other hand in booming cities and special economic zones factories and construction sites need all the labor they can get.8,9) And the government believe that if the rural maes did not get a share of and poor countryside would further widen leading to a building-up resentment that might fuel social unrest.

18、不同的人对退休持不同的态度。有些人认为退休后可以好好享受晚年的生活。但真的退下来了，他们则有点失望。看到自己就要被抛到废物堆里，他们不甘认命，设法另找事干来发挥自己的于热，以继续得到收入。另一些人则对一生中这样一个重大变动早有准备。他们一生为工作操劳，现在筋疲力尽了，渴望退休后能放松拉紧的弦，好好休息。由于不再需要每天早晨去赶公共汽车了，不再要为晋级虑。就可以有足够的时间去追求童年时的梦想，如写写书、画画图、种种花、周游各地。总的来说，没有像男的一样感到可怕。

参考译文：

Attitudes towards retirement vary from person to person.2) Some people think that they will enjoy their time in retirement, 3) but when it comes they may feel a little disappointed.4) Unwilling to resign themselves to the prospect of being put on the scrap heap they try to seek alternative outlets for their energies and alternative sources of income that employment can provede.5) Others have already prepared themselves for the significant change in their lives.6) Tired out after all exhausting life revolving around work they are anxious to relax in retirement with all the strains relieved.7) As there is no more need to rush to catch a morning bus and no more anxiety about promotion they now have enough time to fulfill an old dream such as writing painting growing flowers and traveling around.8) On the whole female workers tend to have a more favorable attitude towards retirement than male workers.9) Withdrawal from employment to complete domesticity is a far le threatening experience for a woman than for a man.

19、当我们从全球的角度来看环境问题时，首先注意的是环境问题引起人们的各种担心。发达国家担心的是大气和水的污染，能源的紧张，城市对农村面积的不断蚕食。发展中国家最担心的是营养不良，人口增长，水源不足，缺少教育和就业机会。

参考译文：

When we examine environmental problems in a global context the first thing that imprees us is the variety of concerns they evode.2, 3) Whereas in the developed world the focus is on air and water pollution the energy shortage and chewing up of the rural areas by urban sprawl the concern of the developing countries will most likely center on malnutrition population growth insufficiency of water the lack of education and jobs.

20、这次长江流域的水灾是44年来最严重的。官方的数字表明已有2000多人死亡，1380万人被迫离开家园。占中国总耕地面积3%的450万公顷的农作物被毁。工厂被迫停工，产量受到影响。客运的货运也被迫中断。在未来的许多岁月里，人民都会感受到洪灾对中国经济的总体影响。尽管损失如此严重，举国上下，展民与洪水的斗争是非常值得称赞的。在抗洪斗争中，中国人民显示了令人叹服的守堤防洪的能力，例如这次国家调动了160万军队去帮助守护大堤，将被洪水淹没地区的百姓迁走。事实上，差不多有数百万平民百姓参加了这一人类巨大的斗争。

参考译文：

The floods in the Yangtze River basin are the worst in 44 years.2) Official figures indicate that more than 2000 people have been drowned and 13.8 million have been driven from their jhomes.3) Crops have been destroyed on 4.5 million hectares.3 percent of China’s total cropland.4) Industrial output has suffered as factories have had to shut.5) The transportation of goods and people has been disrupted.6) The overall effect on China’s economy will be felt for many months.7/8) Despite the serious damage China deserves a lot credit for the nationwide effort to deal with flooding during which the Chinese have demonstrated a remarkable capacity for shoring up dikes and protecting themselves from flooding.9) For example 1.6 million troops have been mobilized to help protect the dikes and to move people out of areas being flooded.10) Literally millions of civilians are involved in this enormous human effort.

推荐第3篇：四级翻译

Confucius）是春秋时期（the Spring and Autumn Period）的大思想家、大教育家和儒家学派（Confucianism）的创始人，是古代中国人心目中的圣人。孔子的言论和生平活动记录在由他的弟子或再传弟子编成的《论语》（The Analects）一书中。《论语》是中国古代文化的经典著作。在孔子之后几千年的中国历史上，没有哪一位思想家、文学家和政治家不受《论语》的影响。不研究《论语》，就不能真正把握中国几千年的传统文化。

As a great thinker,educator and founder of Confucianism during the Spring and Autumn Period,Confucius is a sage to the ancient Chinese people.His words and life storywere recorded by his disciples and their students in The Analects.As an enduring claic of Chinese culture, The Analects has influenced allthinkers, writers and politicians in the thousand years’ Chinese history after Confucius.No scholar could trulyunderstand this long-standing culture or the inner world of the ancient Chinesewithout this book. NO.2 大约在两千多年前，中国就出现了蜡染（wax printing）。在中国服饰中，蜡染是一种流传时间长、流行范围大、使用领域广的服装工艺。蜡染是在布匹着色的过程中，以蜂蜡（beeswax）作为防止染色的材料。蜂蜡干了之后，会产生一些裂纹，这些裂纹在染色过程中渗透进靛蓝色，于是形成了如冰花式样的美妙纹理。这样自然天成的纹理可以说是蜡染的灵魂所在。

Wax printingappeared in China about 2,000 years ago.Wax printing has long been awidespread technique used in the history of Chinese fashion.During the dyeingproce, beeswax is applied to prevent some parts of the cloth form being dyed.When the beeswax dries, it develops cracks, which absorb indigo in the proceof dyeing, thus forming the beautiful natural lines resembling breaking ice.These naturally formed lines represent the beauty and soul of wax printing.NO.3 景泰蓝（cloisonné）是驰名中外的传统工艺，它集青铜艺术、瓷器和雕刻诸种工艺制作技巧于一身，是一门地道的北京绝活。它是收藏家收藏的佳品，也是人们居家使用的精美物品。这项工艺始创于明代景泰年间，初创时的颜色主要是蓝色，故得名“景泰蓝”。到了成化年间，景泰蓝技术进一步成熟，这个时期的作品沉稳凝重又透明灵动，而且铜胎也极为讲究。

Cloisonné is a traditional art widely known in and outsideChina.It is a kind of superb local expertise form of Beijing, which combinesthe skills of bronze art, porcelain, carving and other types of folk arts.Itis deemed valuable in the eyes of collectors, as well as refined ornaments fordaily use.The making of cloisonné first appearedduring the Jingtai reign of the Ming Dynasty, with the main colour used beingblue, hence the name “Jingtai Blue” as it became known later on.By the time of the Chenghua reign, thetechniques for making cloisonné were further

lacking ineloquence or vividne.Moreover, its cast was always made of choice copper.NO.4 西塘在浙江嘉兴，位于上海和杭州之间。这个占地规模并不大的古镇有着悠久的历史，它初建于春秋时期（the Spring and Autumn Period），位于吴国和越国的交界处。西塘的大致规模在宋代之前就已经形成，今所见西塘著名的桥梁望仙桥（Wangxian Bridge）就是宋代的遗迹。在明清时期，西塘既是远近闻名的鱼米之乡，又是著名的丝绸制造之地，还以制陶业（ceramics）而享誉全国。

Xitang is located inJiaxing, Zhejiang Province, between Shanghai and Hangzhou.Though small insize, this ancient town boasts a long history.It was first built during theSpring and Autumn Period, at the border between the states of Wu and Yue.Thepresent layout had already taken shape before the Song Dynasty, and the famousWangxian Bridge in Xitang is a legacy of the Song Dynasty.By the Ming and QingDynasties, Xitang had become a well-known trade center for farm products, silksand ceramics, all produced in the surrounding areas and famous throughout thecountry.NO.5 秧歌舞（Yangko dance）是中国汉族的一种传统民间舞蹈，通常在北方省份表演。秧歌舞者通常穿上明亮多彩的表演服装，他们的表演动作迅速有力。在农历春节、元宵节等节日期间，人们一旦听到锣鼓声，不管外面天气有多冷，他们都会蜂拥到街上观看秧歌舞表演。近年来，中国东北某些城市的老年人自发组织了秧歌队，队员常年通过跳舞来保持健康，同时他们也乐在其中。

The Yangko dance isa traditional folk dance of the Han Chinese, commonly performed in the northernprovinces.Yangko dancers usually wear bright and colorful costumes, and theirmovements are vigorous and quick.During holidays, such as the lunar New Yearand the Lantern Festival, as soon as people hear the sound of drums and gongsthey swarm into the streets to watch Yangko dance performances, no matter howcold it is outside.In recent years, elderly people in some cities in NortheastChina have been organizing themselves into Yangko teams, with the dancersenjoying themselves while keeping fit all year round.NO.6 中国的青铜器时代（Bronze Age）从夏开始，经历商、西周到春秋时期（the Spring and Autumn Period），前后持续了一千五百多年的时间。大量出土的青铜器物表明，中国创造了灿烂的青铜文明。这些青铜器物不仅有丰富的政治和宗教内涵，而且还具有很高的艺术价值。今藏于中国历史博物馆的大盂鼎（the Great Ding for Yu）是中国青铜器时代的代表性作品之一。它是西周康王（King Kang）时期的作品，距今大约有三千多年。 The Bronze Age inChina lasted more than 1,500 years, from the Xia through the

numbers of unearthedartifacts indicate a high level of ancient bronze civilization in the country.They feature rich political and religious themes, and are of high artisticvalue.A representative example is the Great Ding for Yu, which is nowpreserved in the Museum of Chinese History.It was cast about 3,000 years agoduring the reign of King Kang of Western Zhou Dynasty.NO.7 1911 年，中国爆发了历史上的第一次资产阶级革命——辛亥革命（the Revolution of 1911），它推翻了中国封建社会的最后一个朝代——清朝，废除了中国延续了2000 多年的封建帝制，建立了中国的第一个民主共和国——中华民国。民国政府成立以后，要求全国人民都剪掉头上的辫子（queues），选择自己喜欢的发型。至此，在中国延续了280 多年的辫子法令终于被解除。

In 1911, the firstbourgeois revolution in Chinese history — the Revolution of 1911 broke out.The last dynasty of the Chinesefeudal society, Qing Dynasty, was over-thrown and the monarch system that had ahistory of more than 2,000 years was abolished.The Republic of China, thefirst democratic republic in China, was founded in 1912.After its foundation,the government of Republic of China had required the citizens to cut off theirqueues and make the haircut they liked.Since then, the wearing-queue orderthat had lasted for more than 280 years in China has been abolished.NO.8 出现在中国五代时期的妇女缠足（foot-binding），虽然最初是宫廷舞女为了方便跳舞而采用的一种行为，但由于有人认为脚裹起来更好看，所有很多人就开始效仿起来。到了宋代，封建社会的纲常思想非常严重，受到男尊女卑的封建礼教的影响，女子裹脚的风气被传承下来，并逐渐成为一种习俗。为了与妇女的小脚相适应，宋代还出现了专门为裹足妇女制作的弓鞋（gongxie）。

The practice offoot-binding for women appeared in the Five Dynasties, but in the beginning, itwas only adopted by the court dancers for convenience while dancing.Sincepeople thought the foot-binding made women’s feet look more beautiful, many females rushed to follow suit.Bythe Song Dynasty, due to the importance of feudal ethical thoughts andinfluence of the feudal male superiority conception, the practice offoot-binding was inherited and became a custom.In the Song Dynasty, to meetthe needs of women’s small feet, a kind of speciallydesigned shoes gongxie was made.NO.9 据中国古代史书记载，治水有功的大禹通过禅让制接替舜成为部落联盟首领。但大禹死后，他的儿子夏启却破坏禅让的传统，自立为国王，建立了中国历史上第一个奴隶制国家——夏。从此，王位实行世袭制度，中国社会从此步入阶级社会。夏代处在中国社会从原始社

会向奴隶社会过渡的时期，社会生活的各个方面依然保存着原始社会的种种痕迹。 According to theChinese ancient documents, the legendary leader Shun abdicated and handed overhis leadership to Da Yu who had made great contribution to controlling theflood of the Yellow River of China.When Da Yu died, his son Xia Qi breachedthe tradition of demise system and set himself as the king.Xia, the firstslavery nation in Chinese history, was founded.Since then, the hereditarysystem had been practiced.Thus, China stepped into a cla society.The XiaDynasty was a transition from primitive society to slave society.At that time,all aspects of social life still reserved traces of primitive society.NO.10 北京烤鸭是自封建帝王时代就在北京城流行的著名菜肴，如今它被认为是中国的一道国菜。这道菜以它薄而脆的酥皮，以及厨师们在客人面前片鸭子的真实情形而著称。专门用于制作烤鸭的鸭子在养殖65 天后就被屠宰了，鸭子在烤制前要先用调料腌制（season），然后才送进焖炉或者挂炉.鸭肉通常配上葱（scallion）、黄瓜和甜面酱，用薄饼卷着食用。 Peking duck is afamous dish that has been popular since the imperial erain Beijing, and is now considered a national dish of China.The dish is prizedfor the thin, crisp skin with authentic vision of the dish serving sliced infront of the diners by the cook.Ducks bred specially for the dish areslaughtered after 65 days and seasoned before being roasted in a closed or hungoven.The meat is usually eaten with pancakes, scallion, cucumbers and sweetbean sauce.收起

As is shown in the graph… 如图所示…

The graph shows that… 图表显示…

As can be seen from the table,… 从表格中可以看出…

From the chart, we know that… 从这张表中,我们可知…

All these data clearly prove the fact that… 所有这些数据明显证明这一事实,即…

The increase of ….In the city has reached to 20%.….在这个城市的增长已达到20%.

In 1985, the number remained the same.1985年,这个数字保持不变.

There was a gradual decline in 1989.1989年,出现了逐渐下降的情况

一.开头段常用提出现象句型

1.Nowadays more and more…are commonly and widely…in everyday life.

如今，在日常生活中，越来越多…被广泛…

2.In recent years…is gaining growing popularity with…

近年来，…受到越来越多…的欢迎

3.Recent years have been a boom in…

近年来，出现了迅速增长。

4.Nowadays, there are many…

如今，出现了许多…

5.Nowadays,…has become a very common matter in…

如今，…已经成为在…的常见现象。

6.Nowadays, there is a growing tendency in…

如今，在…方面出现了上升趋势。

7.Recently…has aoused wide concern…/has been brought into focus.

最近，…引起了广泛关注/受到了人们的关注。

8.Most of us may have such experience that…

我们当中许多人可能都有…这种经历。

二.开头段常用引出他人观点的句型

9.In reaction to the phenomenon of…, some people say…

针对…现象，有人说…

10.When asked about…most people say…

当被问到…，大多数人认为…

11.When it comes to…, some people think…

关于…,有人认为…

12.Now, it is widely believed that…

现在，许多人认为…

三.开头/中间段常用引出两种不同观点的句型

13.There is a public debate today over… some people believed that…Others claim that…

如今社会上出现了关于…的争论。有些人认为…另一些人则声称…

14.When it comes to/talking about…, quite a few people believe that …but other people think differently.

当谈及…时，有相当一部分人认为…然而，另一些人则有不同的想法。

15.People’s opinion wary when they talk about…Some maintain that…Others believe that…

当谈及…时，人们观点不一。有人坚持认为…另有人认为…

四.开头段常用引出故事/事件句型

16.At about…o’clock in the…,when I…, I saw…

…点在…,当我正…的时候，我看见…

17.It was a …morning, when a …suddenly…

五.中间段常用引出优缺点/不足/影响句型

18.The advantages of…lies in many ways.

…有许多有点/好处。

19….as in the case with many iues, has both merits and demetits.

正如许多事物一样，…也是既有优点又有不足的。

20….will bring about an unfavorable effects/influence on…

…会为…造成不好的影响。

21.…may give rise to/result in a number of problems.

…会导致一系列的问题。

六.中间段/结尾段常用引出原因句型

22.Why…? Three factors can explain this.First… Second…Third…

为什么…?有三个因素可以解释。首先，…其次…，第三…

23.As for/Among the factors for…,…counts for the half, the rest depends on…

就导致…的因素而言，…是一部分原因，另一部分原因是…

七.中间/结尾段常用引出解决方法句型

24.How to…? The key words are as follows.To begins with, …Next, …Finally, …

如何…?关键措施如下。首先…其次…最后…

25.Such …would not …if we knew the following ways to handle …First,… Second,…Third…(虚拟语气)

如果我们掌握了以下处理…的方法，如此的…可能不会…第一个方法是…第二个方法是…第三个方法是…

八.结尾段常用引出“我”的个人观点的句型

26.As far as I am concerned, I agree with…

就我个人而言，我支持…

27.As to me, the former/latter opinion is more acceptable.

对我来说，前/后一种观点更可以接受。

28.For my part, I am on the side of…

对我来所，我站在…那边。

29.As I see it, …

就我看来，…

30.From my perspective, I…

就我而言，我…

九.图表作文开头段常用引出总体趋势的句型

31.As can be seen from the line/bar/chart/table that…increased/rose/grew/dramatically from…

从图表可见，自…以来，…出现了极大的增长。

推荐第4篇：四级翻译

四级翻译

中秋节为每年的农历(lunar calendar)八月十五，是中国仅次于春节的第二大传统节日。这一天是家人团聚的日子，月亮是中秋节庆祝的主题。全家人聚在一起品尝美味的月饼，观赏象征丰裕、和谐和幸运的圆月。中秋节也被认为是一个丰收的节日，因为秋季是收获的季节，各种水果、蔬菜和粮食作物都在此时成熟。许多动人的传说也与中秋节有关，如“嫦娥奔月”(Chang\'e\'s flight to the moon)。

Celebrated on the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar calendar, Mid-Autumn Festival is an important traditional festival in China, next only to Spring Festival.

It is a day of family reunion.The moon is the theme of celebrations.

Family members get together to taste delicious moon cakes and enjoy the full moon - a symbol of abundance, harmony and luck.

Mid-Autumn Festival is also considered as a harvest festival, because autumn is a season of harvest when various fruits, vegetables and crops are ripe.

Many touching legends are also aociated with Mid-Autumn Festival, such as “Chang\'e\'s flight to the moon”.

推荐第5篇：四级翻译

在中国，农历九月九日为传统的重阳节。九九重阳因为与“久久”同音，有长久长寿的含意，况且秋季也是一年收获的黄金季节，重阳佳节，寓意深远。在1989年，我国把每年的九月九日定为老人节，这是传统与现代的巧妙结合，使传统的重阳节成为尊老、敬老、爱老、助老的老年人的节日。在重阳节这一天不少家庭的晚辈会陪伴年老的长辈到郊外活动或为老人准备一些可口的饮食。

The Double Ninth Festival comes on September the ninth on the lunar calendar in China.The traditional festival sounds like “everlasting” in Chinese and thus implies a long life.What’s more, autumn is a golden season for harvest, which renders the festival meaningful.In 1989, September the ninth was designated as the day for the old in China, which is a tactful combination of traditional and modern practice, and becomes a festival for respecting, loving and helping the old.In the festival the younger generation of many families will accompany the elder on the trip to the suburb or prepare some delicious food for them.看到涂红画绿的脸谱（facial painting），你一定会想到戏曲。脸谱是中国戏曲艺术的重要组成部分，也是中华传统文化的瑰宝。京剧脸谱，是具有中华民族特色的一种的化妆方法。在京剧中每个历史人物都有一种大概的谱式，就像唱歌要按照乐谱一样，所以称为“脸谱”。 京剧脸谱与角色的性格有关：红色表示忠勇正义；黑色表示刚烈正直；蓝色表示桀骜不驯的人；白色象征阴险狡诈的人。

2014年6月四级翻译预测参考范文：

You are sure to aociate the colorful facial painting with Chinese operas when you lay eyes on it.As an important part of the art of Chinese operas, the facial painting is also what is treasured in Chinese traditional culture.Beijing opera facial makeup is typical of Chinese nationality.Every historical figure’s face corresponds to a certain facial pattern in Beijing opera, which functions as “乐谱”（the music for singers to follow）, hence the use of the term “脸谱（facial makeup）” .Beijing opera makeup reflects the character’s nature: red signifies loyalty, bravery and justice; black moral integrity and honesty, blue tendency towards rebellion; white a subtle character.

推荐第6篇：大学英语四级翻译作文

1． 中国酒文化 Chinese Wine Culture

中国人在7000年以前就开始用谷物酿酒。总的来说，不管是古代还是现代，酒都和中国文化息息相关。长久以来，中国的酒文化在人们生活中一直扮演着重要的角色。我们的祖先在写诗时以酒助兴，在宴会中和亲朋好友敬酒。作为一种文化形式，酒文化也是普通百姓生活中不可分割的部分，比如生日宴会、送别晚宴、婚礼庆典等。

Chinese people began to make spirits with grains seven thousand years ago.Generally speaking，wine has a close connection with culture in China in both ancient and modern times.Chinese wine culture has been playing a quite important role in Chinese people\'\'s life for a long time.Our Chinese ancestors used wine to enjoy themselves while writing poetry, or to make a toast（敬酒） to their relatives and friends during a feast（宴会）.Wine culture, as a kind of culture form, is also an inseparable （不可分割的）part in the life of ordinary Chinese people such as birthday party, farewell （送别）dinner, wedding, and so on..

2.中国书法Chinese Calligraphy

中国书法历史悠久，它不仅是汉字的传统书写形式，也是体现自我修养和自我表达的艺术。作者的内心世界通过美妙的字体得以体现。书法在中国艺术中拥有举足轻重的地位，因为它影响到了其它的中国艺术形式，比如古典诗歌、雕塑、传统音乐及舞蹈、建筑及手工艺品。作为传统的艺术瑰宝，中国书法被全世界人民所喜爱，且越来越受到欢迎。

Chinese calligraphy is not only a traditional Chinese characters writing with a long history, but also an art of self-cultivation and self-expreion.Inner world of the writer could be reflected with the help of beautiful Chinese script.Chinese calligraphy plays an important role in Chinese art, for it has influenced other Chinese artistic forms like claical poetry, sculpture, traditional music and dance, architecture and handicrafts.As a treasured artistic form of Chinese culture, Chinese calligraphy is enjoyed by people throughout the world and is becoming more and more popular.3。中国山水画Landscape Painting

山水画一直以来都被誉为中国绘画的最高境界。它品味高端，很受欢迎。一般意义上，中国山水画被认为是书法、绘画及诗歌的结合或延伸。汉语“山水”这个词由“山”和“水”两个汉字组成，且与道教的哲学思想相联系，它强调的是人与自然的和谐。中国画家描绘的并不总是真实的世界，他们呈现的是自己想象出来的风景，这些风景不再只是对眼前世界的描绘，而是画家内在思想的写照。因此，人们认为欣赏山水画除了可以很好地了解画家的内心世界之外，还可以净化自己的灵魂。

Landscape painting is traditionally considered as the highest form of Chinese painting styles.It is very popular and is aociated with refined scholarly taste.Chinese Landscape painting in general is seen as a combination or extension of calligraphy, painting, and poetry.The Chinese term for “landscape” is made up of two characters meaning “mountains and water”.It is linked with the philosophy of Daoism, which emphasizes harmony with the natural world.Chinese artists do not usually paint real place but imaginary landscape which is no longer about the description of the visible world, but a means of conveying the inner mind.People therefore believe that looking at landscape painting is a good way to realize the artist’s inner heart as well as a way to purify their souls.4。中国戏曲 Chinese Opera

在中国，戏曲是一种很流行的戏剧形式，一般来说，可以追溯到唐朝时期，当时的皇帝唐玄宗创立了“梨园”。如今，许多外国人也很喜欢中国的戏曲。最吸引他们的则是戏曲的独有风格—画脸谱，它不仅是戏曲中的一大亮点，同时还要求独特的绘画技艺。每个演员脸上夸张的扮相代表其扮演角色的性格和命运。熟知戏曲的观众通过观察演员的脸谱和服装就可以知道角色背后的故事。通常，红色脸谱代表忠诚与勇敢;黑色代表凶猛;黄色和白色代表口是心非;金色和银色代表神秘。7对于中国人，特别是老年人，欣赏戏曲是他们的一大乐趣。

Chinese opera is a popular form of drama in China.In general, it dates back to the Tang Dynasty with Emperor Xuanzong, who founded the “Pear Garden”.Now Chinese opera is warmly welcomed by many foreign people.What appeals foreigners most might be the distinctive style of facial make-up, which is one of the highlights and requires distinctive techniques of painting.Exaggerated designs are painted on each performer\'\'\'\'\'\'\'\'s face to symbolize a character\'\'\'\'\'\'\'\'s personality, and fate.Audiences who are familiar with opera can know the story by observing the facial painting as well as the costumes.Generally, a red face represents loyalty and bravery; a black face, rough ; yellow and white faces, duplicity; and golden and silver faces, mystery.For Chinese, especially older folks, to listen to opera is a real pleasure.5。京剧 Peking Opera

京剧是中国的一种传统艺术。它是中国戏曲的一种，诞生于于1790年四大徽班(Four Great Anhui Troupes)入京表演的时候。19世纪中期得到快速发展，到清朝达到全盛阶段。京剧被看成是中国的文化瑰宝之一。虽然它被称为京剧，但是它的起源地却是中国的安徽省和湖北省。京剧起初是一种宫廷表演艺术，而后才慢慢普及到民间。在数百年前，京剧作为一种新的戏曲形式，无论在哪里进行表演，都饱受欢迎。而在现代社会中，包括京剧在内的传统戏曲却不大能被年轻人接受，面临着巨大的生存危机。

Peking opera is a traditional art in China.It is a kind of Chinese opera which was born when the Four Great Anhui Troupes came to Beijing in 1790, arose in the mid-19th century and was extremely popular in the Qing Dynasty.Peking opera is widely regarded as one of the cultural treasures of China.Although it is called Beijing opera, its origins are in the Chinese provinces of Anhui and Hubei.Peking opera was originally staged for the court and came into the public later.Hundreds of years ago, as a new drama form, wherever it was performed, it would be warmly welcomed..Unfortunately, in the modern world, traditional operas including Peking Opera have to face the existential crisis, because they are not easily accepted by younger generations.6。昆曲Kunqu Opera

昆曲是中国古老戏曲中的一种，起源于江苏昆山，拥有600多年的历史。它是连接过去与现在，中国与世界的纽带，对现今中国的戏曲形式，包括川剧与京剧在内，都产生了重要的影响。 昆曲蕴含了各种意象美，从音乐、舞蹈到诗歌，人们的精神世界甚至中国人的灵魂，都有所体现。正因为如此，昆曲在过去广受欢迎，也成了中国文化遗产中最珍贵的部分。但是现在，昆曲不仅面临着来自大众流行文化的挑战，而且年轻人也对其缺乏兴趣。只有进行适当的保护，昆曲才能拥有美好的未来。

Kunqu Opera, which originated in the Kunshan region of Jiangsu province, is one of China’s claical operas with a history of more than 600 years.Kunqu Opera serves as a link between past and present, China and the world.It has exerted a dominant influence on recent forms of opera in China, including the Sichuan and Beijing operas.Kunqu Opera embraced every imaginable beauty, from music and dance, to poetry and people’s spirit world and even very soul of the Chinese nation, so that Kunqu Opera was so popular in the past and became the most valuable parts of China’s cultural heritage.But now, Kunqu Opera is facing competition from ma culture and a lack of interest amongst the young.It can only have a bright future when it is protected in a proper way.7．唐诗Poems of the Tang Dynasty

唐代，是中国古典诗歌的鼎盛时期，在不到300年的时间里，涌现出了许多著名的诗人和诗作。清朝时编辑的《全唐诗》(Poems of the Tang Dynasty)已收录2200多位诗人创作的48900多首诗歌。这些诗歌让人们深入了解到当时社会生活的各个方面。中国人很喜欢唐诗，就连小孩子也能背出几首，如李白的《静夜思》(Thoughts in the Silent Night)，杜甫的《春夜喜雨》(Good Rain on a Spring Night)等等。唐诗不仅是中国古代文学史上最光辉的一页，而且也是人类文化史中的一个奇迹。

The Tang Dynasty witneed the peak of Chinese ancient poetry, with many renowned poets and famous works appearing over a period of le than 300 years.Poems of the Tang Dynasty edited during the Qing Dynasty has collected more than 48,900 poems written by over 2,200 poets.These poems provide an insight into all aspects of the social life of the period.Chinese people are very fond of Tang poetry, and even children can recite some from memory, such as Thoughts in the Silent Night by Li Bai, Good Rain on a Spring Night by Du Fu, etc.Tang poetry not only serves as a most brilliant page in the history of ancient Chinese literature, but is also a miracle in the history of human culture.8。唐诗Poems of the Tang Dynasty

唐代，是中国古典诗歌的鼎盛时期，在不到300年的时间里，涌现出了许多著名的诗人和诗作。清朝时编辑的《全唐诗》(Poems of the Tang Dynasty)已收录2200多位诗人创作的48900多首诗歌。这些诗歌让人们深入了解到当时社会生活的各个方面。中国人很喜欢唐诗，就连小孩子也能背出几首，如李白的《静夜思》(Thoughts in the Silent Night)，杜甫的《春夜喜雨》(Good Rain on a Spring Night)等等。唐诗不仅是中国古代文学史上最光辉的一页，而且也是人类文化史中的一个奇迹。

The Tang Dynasty witneed the peak of Chinese ancient poetry, with many renowned poets and famous works appearing over a period of le than 300 years.Poems of the Tang Dynasty edited during the Qing Dynasty has collected more than 48,900 poems written by over 2,200 poets.These poems provide an insight into all aspects of the social life of the period.Chinese people are very fond of Tang poetry, and even children can recite some from memory, such as Thoughts in the Silent Night by Li Bai, Good Rain on a Spring Night by Du Fu, etc.Tang poetry not only serves as a most brilliant page in the history of ancient Chinese literature, but is also a miracle in the history of human culture.9。长城The Great Wall

长城，作为中国的象征之一，不仅是中国的奇迹，也是整个世界的奇迹。它始建于春秋战国时期，秦始皇统一中国后，连结了各段长城以抵御外敌入侵。现存的长城遗迹主要为建于14世纪的明长城。长城有着两千多年的历史，于1987年被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。现如今，长城仍是世界上最受欢迎的景点之一。

As one of the symbols of China, the Great Wall is a wonder not only to China but also to the whole world.The Great Wall was first built in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.After the unification of China, the first Emperor of Qin linked up different sections of the walls to prevent the invasion of the enemies.The present preserved Great Wall of China is the major parts built in the 14th century, called Ming Great Wall.With a long history of more than 2,000 years, the Great Wall of China was listed as World Heritage by UNESCO in 1987.Until now, the Great Wall is still one of the most popular attractions in the world.10。故宫The Imperial Palace

故宫又名紫禁城，位于北京市中心，占地面积72万平方米。它拥有众多的庭院，四面有高墙和护城河保护。明清两代的皇帝和他们的家眷以及数百名宫女、太监曾在这里居住。紫禁城于明朝1420年建成，普通百姓不能进入。在1924年清朝末代皇帝被逐出故宫后，故宫于1925年变成了故宫博物院并对外开放。

Standing/Lying in the center of Beijing, the Imperial Palace, also known as the Forbidden City, covers an area of 720,000 square meters.It consists of dozens of courtyards and is protected by high walls and a moat on all four sides.The emperors of two dynasties, the Ming and the Qing, lived here with their families and hundreds of court ladies and palace eunuchs.The Forbidden City was completed in 1420 during the Ming Dynasty, which was not acceible to the common people.The Palace was converted into a museum in 1925 and has been open to the public after the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty was driven out of the Palace in 1924.

We often keep hearing such a saying, “Never give up.” It can be an inspiring term and expreion of determination.One who trust it will try to reach his aim no matter how many times he fails.As for me, determining to succeed is a valuable quality to own.Consequently, I am convinced that we should never give up halfway.

One reason is that provided that we abandon too easily, we could hardly realize anything.It is usual for us to fail in our first attempt at something new, so we shouldn’t feel depreed and should try once more.In addition, if we always give up easily when we fail, we will not be able to obtain new skills .Another reason we should never abandon is that we can learn a leon from our errors.If we do not try once again, the leon we have gotten is squandered（浪费）.At last, we should never give up in that as we try our best to realize our goals, we are becoming more confident, and this confidence can grant（授予，给） us succeed in other fields （领域）of daily life.

In a word, it is eential（必要的） that we do not give up when struggling for our targets.Whether we succeed at last or not, we will learn something, and what we know will help us to become better, more confident.Furthermore（此外）, if we give up halfway, we have no opportunities of achieving our goals, but if we keep trying, there is always a chance that we will succeed in the future.

【参考译文】

我们经常不断地听到这样一句说法，“不要放弃”。它是一个令人鼓舞而又充满决心的说法。相信此话的人无论失败多少次都会竭尽全力去实现自己的目标。我认为，下定决心去取得成功是我们具备的一个宝贵的品质。因此，我坚信我不应该半途而废。

其中原因之一是如果我们轻言放弃，那么我们不可能实现任何事情。在我们首次偿试新事物失败的话这是很常见的事，因此我们不应该感到沮丧，而是应该重振其鼓再次偿试。此外，如果我们一失败就轻言放弃，那就不可能获得新的技能。不应该放弃的另外一个原因是我们可以从失败当中吸取教训。如果我们不去再次偿试，我们得到的经验教训也没有用武之地。最后，不该放弃的又一个原因是当我们尽力去实现目标时，我们会变得更加自信，这种自信能够让我们在生活的其它领域获得成功。

总之，当我们为目标而付诸努力时，不去轻言放弃是非常重要的。不管最终我们是否会成功，我们总会学到一些东西。掌握的这些内容会帮助我们变得更好，更自信。此外，如果我们半途而废了，我们就没有机会去实现目标，但是如果我们不断偿试，那将来我们一定会有机会取得成功

Uncivilized Tourists（不文明游客）

Recently, there is a popular saying: the world is so large that I want to have a look! As more and more people travel around during their holidays, tourists have brought large sum of （大量的）money to the local people.

However, too many tourists also bring some problems to the local life.The most serious problem is the pollution caused by the uncivilized tourists.It’s reported that there were thousands of tons of （许多的）rubbish left after the flag-raising ceremony （升旗仪式）on Oct.1st.The uncivilized tourists left their rubbish wherever they go, polluting the local environment.Another problem is the traffic jam （交通阻塞）caused by so many tourists.Tourist can promote the economic development of the local areas, but the pollution caused by those uncivilized tourists has brought severe （严峻的）problems.The local tourist authority should set up relative （相关的）laws to protect the environment of the local areas, and every tourist obey （遵守）the laws and help to （有助于）make the places of tourist more beautiful! We Shouldn\'t Totally Turn to the Internet

Nowadays, Internet has become an indispensable（不可缺少的）part in our life, and we use it for various purposes, such as searching useful information and chatting online.However, now more and more people turn to the Internet for help whenever they have trouble in finding solutions to their problems, and this phenomenon has aroused （唤醒）the public\'s attention.

Relying on the Internet to solve all our difficulties can have bad impacts（影响） on us.On one hand, since we can always settle the troubles by searching solutions online, we can become very lazy and don\'t bother to think up answers by ourselves, which can hinder（阻碍） the development of creative thinking.On the other hand, the answers online may be inaccurate or wrong.If we use them without thinking the credibility（正确性） of them, we may make serious mistakes someday.

As far as I\'m concerned, we shouldn\'t completely depend on the Internet to settle problems.When we come acro some difficulties, we’d better try our best to find poible solutions.If we make great efforts and still can\'t come up with an answer, then we can surf online to search solutions.But we should question the correctne of these answers before we adopt（采纳） them.

推荐第7篇：英语四级作文(含翻译)

On a Harmonious Dormitory Life和谐的宿舍生活

Dormitory life is an indispensable part of college life .But sometimes the harmony in the dormitory can be disturbed in one way or another.

As is known to all , a harmonious dormitory life is important to college students and benefits all the members .On one hand , we can have a good rest and put our heart into study .On the other hand , we will have a good mood and enjoy being together .

There are several ways to create and maintain a harmonious dormitory life .Firstly , you have to evaluate your life-style and try to get rid of your dirty habits , if there are any .Secondly , when an annoying situation arises , you’ll just have to learn to tolerate each other and co-exist .Thirdly , you’ll have to share with each other and make good friends .

In conclusion , we should try our best to build a harmonious dormitory life for the sake of good study and good life .On water shortage 水短缺

No one can have failed to notice the fact that water shortage is a grave problem with which the whole world is confronted.Actually, it has become so widespread that it has severely affected people’s daily life and hindered the development of the global economy.

A number of factors could account for the problem, but the following might be the critical ones .first, with the development of agriculture and industry, an increasing amount of water is needed.secondly, the ever increasing population is another leading cause of water shortage.Besides, the global tendency of warming up also contributes to the problem.what’s worse, pollution and waste of fresh water aggravate the situation .

In view of the seriousne of the problem, effective measures must be taken before things get worse.First, it is eential that laws and regulations be worked out and enforced to protect water resources.Secondly, people should enhance their awarene of saving water.As for our college students, we should make good use of the waste water to mop the floor or flush thetoilet after having shower or washing clothes.Don’t forget to turn off taps after using it..

Low-carbon life 低碳生活

Nowadays,there are a considerable number of individuals who prefer to lead a low-carbon lifestyle which means decreasing the consumption of energy and resources in various ways in their daily life.

Low carbon lifestyle can endow us and our society with numerous benefits.Firstly, it goes beyond doubt that low carbon lifestyle contributes a lot to the environmental protection and it is a favorable way to slow down the rate of climate change of our earth, which also means a lot to our health.

We are supposed to undertake the responsibility to lead a low-carbon lifestyle, which is of great significance.And there is a diversity of measures we can take so as to lead such an environmental-friendly life.For example, we are expected to minimize the use of private cars, which emit a large amount of greenhouse gases.We can turn off electrical appliances if not neceary as well as using renewable materials.Furthermore, at our leisure, we can seek opportunities to plant more trees which can absorb carbon-dioxide.

In brief, low-carbon lifestyle is nothing but the best choice for us and only in this way can we from a harmonious relationship with the environment.

Turn off your cell phone 关掉你的手机

Nowadays cell phones are becoming more popular.Almost everybody has got a cell phone.Of course the cell phones have brought us lots convenience.We could get meages immediately from our acquaintances.Parents and friends could get in touch with us wherever we are.it’s also convenient for doing busine.We could also use cell phone to read e books, see films and check our e-mail, etc.the cell phones are just easy to use.But there’re also disadvantages.For example, the phones sometimes would ring out during the cla which.may completely annoyed the teacher.And it would be very embarraed when the phone suddenly rings at the meetings.Students in cla also like to send meages which would affect their studies.

We may need phones to get touch with our friends and relatives.But it is also very neceary to turn off our phones some particular occasions like having claes in the claroom or attending meetings to show your politene.It’s also good for your health to turn off the cell phone when having sleep at night!

College students\' unhealthy habits 大学生的不健康习惯

In modern society ,it’s inevitable for college students to be exposed to all kinds of lures.The students are easy to lose their minds and catch improper and unhealthy habits.Staying up late,being exce consumers and falling in deep love with games,have been put on top of the daily timetable for some students in colleges.

In general,such bad life styles render a large number of negative results physically and mentally.Bad habits holders have a more chance to be involved in defects and diseases and lead a shorter life than those with a healthy regular.Besides,they can’t concentrate on their attention in cla

because of a lack of good sleep.Last but not least,students will find their lives which should be abundant and colorful have been filled with games,wines,wandering on-line or cigarettes,far away form their original goals and dreams.

The above probiem has drawn all society’s attention on how to let students get rid of these bad habits at present.I’m convinced that to set an available and specific goal,such as improving interpersonal skills and get a certain certification is a must.Based on the goal in your heart,you spare no effort to study or do some part-time jobs to achieve it.By doing so,you will find pleasure and fulfillment in your positive life!

On a Harmonious Dormitory Life和谐的宿舍生活

宿舍的生活不可缺少的一部分的大学生活。但有时和谐在宿舍可以受到一种或另一种方式。

众所周知,和谐宿舍的生活是很重要的,大学生和利益所有的与会成员。一方面,我们可以好好休息一下,把心放在研究。另一方面,我们将有一个好心情,享受在一起。 有几种方法可以创建和维护和谐宿舍的生活。首先,你必须评估自己的生活方式和试图摆脱你的坏习惯,如果有任何。其次,当一个恼人的情况发生,你就必须学会容忍对方,而且不同模式可以共存。第三,你要一起分享彼此成为好朋友。

总之,我们应该尽力营造一个和谐的宿舍的生活为了良好的学习、美好的生活。

On water shortage 水短缺

没有人可以没有注意到这个事实，水资源短缺是一个严重的问题，整个世界正面临。其实，它已经变得如此普遍，它已严重影响到人们的日常生活，阻碍了全球经济的发展。

许多因素可以解释这个问题，但下面的可能是关键的。首先，随着工业和农业的发展，越来越多的水是必要的。其次，人口的不断增加是一个缺水的主要原因。除此之外，全球变暖趋势，也有助于问题。更糟糕的是，污染和浪费的淡水加剧的情况。

鉴于问题的严重性，必须采取有效措施，在事情变得更糟。首先，它是必要的法律和规章的制定和执行，以保护水资源。其次，人们应该增强节水意识。至于我们的大学生，我们应该充分利用废物的水来拖地或便后冲水洗澡或洗衣服。不要忘记关闭水龙头在使用它。

Low-carbon life 低碳生活

目前，有相当数量的人谁愿意带领低碳生活方式，减少资源和能源消耗以各种方式在他们的日常生活。

低碳生活可以使我们和我们的社会有许多好处。首先，这是毋庸置疑的，低碳的生活方式有助于促进环境保护和它是一个有利的方式来减缓气候变化的速度，我们的地球，也代表了我们的健康。

我们应该承担责任导致的低碳生活方式，具有重要的意义。并且有一个多样性的措施，我们可以采取使这样一个环保的生活。例如，我们会尽量少用私家车，排放大量温室气体。我们可以关掉电器如果没有必要以及使用再生材料。此外，在我们空闲时，我们可以寻找机会的树木可以吸收二氧化碳。

总之，低碳生活只不过是最好的选择我们，只有这样我们才能从与环境的和谐关系.

Turn off your cell phone 关掉你的手机

现今的手机正变得越来越受欢迎。几乎每个人都有一部手机。当然，手机给我们带来了很多的方便。我们可以把信息立即从我们的熟人。父母和朋友能与我们取得联系，我们的地方。它也方便做生意。我们也可以用手机阅读电子书籍，看电影和查看我们的电子邮件，等手机只是容易使用。

但也有缺点。例如，手机有时会在类圈。可以彻底惹恼了老师。这将是很尴尬当电话突然响了会议。学生在课堂上也喜欢发短信，会影响他们的研究。

我们可能需要电话联系到我们的朋友和亲戚。但这也是非常必要的关闭一些特定场合喜欢在教室上课或参加会议，显示你的礼貌。这也是很好的为您的健康关闭手机在晚上睡觉！

College students\' unhealthy habits 大学生的不健康习惯

在现代社会中,这是不可避免的大学生接触各种各样的诱惑。学生们很容易丢失自己的想法,抓不适当和不健康的生活习惯。熬夜是多余的消费者和坠入深爱着比赛,已被列入每日时间表上有些学生在学校。

一般来讲,这些不良生活方式提供大量的负面结果时,身体上和精神上的。坏习惯持有人有更多的机会参与缺陷和疾病和领导一个较短的生命比那些拥有一个健康的规则。此外,他们不能集中注意力,因为他们的注意力在课堂上的缺乏良好的睡眠。最后但并非最不重要,学生将发现他们的生活应该丰富多彩，一直充满游戏、葡萄酒、徘徊在钱或香烟,远离原有生活形式。

上述的问题已经引起全社会的注意力集中在如何让学生摆脱这些坏习惯到现在。我确信设定一个可用的和明确的目标,如提高人际交往能力,达到一定的认证是必须的。依据目的在你的心里,你不遗余力地学习或做一些兼职工作来实现它。通过这么做,你会找到快乐和满足感在你的积极的生活!

推荐第8篇：英语四级作文带翻译

Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that

随着社会的不断发展，出现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是…。

It has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.

它已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。There are a thousand Hamlets in a thousand people\'s eyes.

所谓，一千个读者心中有一千个哈姆雷特

People’s opinions about ______ vary from person to person.Some people say that ______.To them,_____.

关于……人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为（说）……，在他们看来，……

Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages.

任何事物都是有两面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。Personally, I believe that_____.Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because______.

就我个人而言，我相信……，因此，我坚信美好的未来正等着我们。因为……

In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ______.Only in this way can ______in the future.

总而言之，整个社会应该密切关注……这个问题。只有这样，我们才能在将来……。

推荐第9篇：十二生肖、礼尚往来 英语四级作文翻译

礼尚往来 The exchange of gifts

中国人对礼物很重视，总觉得贵重的礼品才能表达心意，常常会把价格不菲的礼物送人。礼品既要价格不低，又要包装不俗，还要意义不浅。选购礼品真是一个不小的挑战。中秋节时，人们把包装精致、馅料讲究的月饼送礼，自己则吃普通的月饼。一些人出国之前总是花大量的时间和精力购买带有中国特色的礼品，比如京剧脸谱、中国扇子、中国结等等。

Chinese people pay great attention to gifts, they believe that only a valuable gift can best convey their feelings.This is why they often use precious or expensive items as gifts.The gift should be decently priced, well wrapped and should have some unique meanings.It is always a challenge to buy a gift for a Chinese person.During the Mid Autumn Festival, people will buy well-packaged, high quality moon cakes for gifts and keep the ordinary ones for their own consumption.Some people spend a lot of time and effort buying gifts with Chinese features before going abroad, such as Beijing opera masks, Chinese fans and knots.十二生肖The twelve animal signs

中国传统文化中是用十二种动物做生肖来记录日期的循环。根据传说，黄帝曾邀请所有动物来他的国土上聚会，但遗憾的是，只有12个动物来了，老鼠自然是第一位，接下来是牛、然后是虎，后来是兔子、龙、蛇、马、羊、猴、鸡、狗、猪。出于感激，黄帝决定按动物们到的先后次序命名年份。很多中国人都特别相信一个人的出生年月是决定性格特征的主要因素。

In traditional Chinese culture, the 12 animal signs were used to record years.According to one legend, the Yellow Emperor invited all the animals to his kingdom, but unfortunately, only a total of 12 turned up, the mouse was naturally the first, followed by the ox, then tiger, rabbit, dragon, snake, horse, sheep (goat), monkey, cock (rooster), dog and pig (boar).Out of gratitude, the Yellow Emperor decided to name the year after each of the animals in their order of arrival.Many Chinese people strongly believe that the time of a person\'s birth is a primary factor in determining that person\'s characteristics.

推荐第10篇：英语四级参考作文与翻译

模拟题4参考作文与翻译

供同学抄写与背诵。

请土土12，规划1班在本周四下午交来

1.作文

Now the only child families have been the main part of the Chinese society.With the succeful implementation of family planning, more and more young couples abandon the old-fashioned big family concepts and are willing to have only one child.As there is only one child in the family, parents love the baby more than ever before.

Neverthele, there are several negative effects if parents spoil their children.Some children have developed the self-centered personality.They take it for granted that their parents should satisfy every demand of theirs, otherwise they would demonstrate fierce anger.On the other hand, they don’t care about their parents.Children brought up in this way usually don’t love and help others.

Wise parents deal with their children’s demands sensibly.They are quite aware that it is neceary to say no to those of their demands that are not reasonable.They let their children realize the hardship of earning money and the importance of being independent and loving others.Consequently, these children would grow up more independently and capable of solving problems in their future life.

2.翻译

At present, the scale of state-owned commercial banks is too large and they lack strong competitive power.In the past, the fact that these banks only focused on scale and quantity instead of efficiency and profit has led to too large structures and many problems in management.This reminds me of the dinosaurs.One of the reasons why it went extinct was it took 5 minutes for its brain to receive the signal after its enemy bit its tail off and another 5 minutes to fight back.We don’t want to be dinosaurs.We want to be more adaptable to changes.

第11篇：四级作文和新题型翻译

Recently, the iue of ......has been brought into public focus.

近来，_______的问题引起了社会的广泛关注。

Now we are entering a brand new era full of opportunities and innovations, and great changes have taken place in people’s attitude towards some traditional practice.

现在我们进入了一个充满机遇和创新的崭新时代，很多人对某些传统的看法也发生了很大改变。

Recently the iue of whether or not ...has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.

近来，是否_______的问题已经非常明确而且引起了社会的广泛关注。

The iue whether it is good or not to ....has aroused a heated discuion all over the country.______的利与弊已在全国范围内引起热烈的讨论。

At present, some people think ....while others claim ...Both sides have their merits.

目前，一些人认为_______而另一些人则认为_______。其实，两种观点都其可取之处。

People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial iue.

对于这种极具争议的话题，我们很难作出绝对的回答。

People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case.

不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。

The controversial iue is often brought into public focus.People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towards the iue.

这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注。不同的人对此问题的看法也不尽相同。

When asked ..., some people think.....while some prefer...

说到______，有人认为________，而另一些人则认为__________。

Just as the saying goes: "so many people, so many minds".It is quite understandable that views on this iue vary from person to person.

俗话说，""。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。

To this iue, different people come up with various attitudes.

对于这个问题，不同的人持不同的观点。

There is a good side and a bad side to everything, it goes without saying that...

万事万物都有其两面性，所以，勿庸置疑，____________。

When it comes to ..., most people believe that ..., but other people regard ...as ....

提到_________问题，很多人认为_________，不过，一些人则认为______是____.

When faced with...., quite a few people claim that ...., but other people think as...

提到_________问题，仅少数人认为________，但另一些人则认为_________。

There is a public controversy nowadays over the iue of ....There who criticize ...argue that ...., they believe that ...,but people who favor .., on the other hand, argue that...

目前，_______问题争议较大。批判_______的人认为_______，他们认为_______，不过，另一方面，赞同_______的人则认为_________。

Some people are of the opinion that..

有些人认为_____________。

Many people claim that...

很多人认为_____________。

A majority of 绝大多数

A large number of 很多人

Some people contend that ...has proved to bring many advantages (disadvantages)

有些人认为________有很多有利之处(不利之处)。

Those who argue for ...say that ...economic development of the cities.

觉得_____的人认为，______ 城市的经济发展。

Some people advocate that ....

有些人在坚持认为_________。

They hold that ...他们认为_________。

People, who advocate that ..., have their sound reasons (grounds)

坚持认为______的人也有其说法(依据)。

Those who have already benefited from practicing it sing high praise of it.

那些从中受益的人对此大家褒奖。

Those who strongly approve of ...have cogent reasons for it.

强烈认同_______的人有很多原因。

Many people would claim that...

有人会认为___________。

People who support ...give some or all of the following reasons.

那些支持_________观点的人列出了如下原因：________。

But others hold the view that ...但是，另外一些人则认为_______。

观点的用词：Attitude, opinion, 与其搭配的动词以及词组：Take, have, come up with，set forth, put forward等。

批驳观点式

Many people argue that 错误观点。By saying that, they mean 对这个观点的进一步解释。An example they have presented is that 一个例子。(According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响)。

There might be some element of truth in these people’s belief.But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 与错误观点相反的观点。There are a number of reasons behind my belief.(以下参照辩论文的议论文写法)。

提纲式作文

Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X.They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一个原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一个原因。

However, other people stand on a different ground.They consider it harmful to do X.They firmly point out that 反对X 的第一个理由。An example can give the details of this argument: 一个例子。

There is some truth in both arguments.But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages.In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一个坏处。 社会问题(现象)式

Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem.(X has increasingly become a common concern of the public).According to a survey, 调查内容说明这种现象的情况(或者是一个例子)。There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon.下面参照辩论式议论文的写法。

X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated(表达)in the following aspects.参照辩论式议论文的写法。

A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm.参照辩论式议论文的写法。

Based on the above discuions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will „„..辩论式议论文

模版1

Some people believe (argue, recognize, think) that 观点1.But other people take an opposite side.They firmly believe that 观点2.As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea.

There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief.First of all, 论据1.

More importantly, 论据2.

Most important of all, 论据3.

In summary, 总结观点.As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心.

或From above, we can predict that 预测.People hold different views about X.Some people are of the opinion that 观点1, while others point out that 观点2.As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight.

For one thing, 论据1.

For another, 论据2.

Last but not the least, 论据3.

To conclude, 总结观点.As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心.或From above, we can predict that 预测.

模版3

There is no consensus 一致of opinions among people about X(争论的焦点)。Some people are of the view that 观点1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 观点2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion(观念)is preferable in many senses.The reasons are obvious.

First of all, 论据1。

Furthermore, 论据2。

Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest.That is, 论据3。

A natural conclusion from the above discuion is that总结观点。

As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心.或From above, we can predict that 预测

It is obvious in the graph/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes.It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as X varies).At the point of (接近)X1, Y reaches its peak value of „(多少).

What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are „(多少) reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table.First of all, „(第一个原因).More importantly, „(第二个原因).Most important of all, „(第三个原因).

From the above discuions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future.The trend described in the graph/table will continue for quite a long time (if neceary measures are not taken括号里的使用于那些不太好的变化趋势).

开头万能公式：

1.开头万能公式一：名人名言

有人问了，“我没有记住名言，怎么办?尤其是英语名言?”，很好办：编!

原理：我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的，包括我们欣赏的文章也是8，所以尽管编，但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧?

经典句型：

A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (适用于已记住的名言)

It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever.(适用于自编名言)

更多经典句型：

As everyone knows, No one can deny that„

2.开头万能公式二：数字统计

原理：要想更有说服力，就应该用实际的数字来说明。

原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的，可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一，但编无妨，只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型：

According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.

看起来这个数字文邹邹的，其实都是编造出来的，下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造：

Honesty

根据最近的一项统计调查显示，大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。

Travel by Bike

根据最近的一项统计调查显示，85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。

根据最近的一项统计调查显示，在某个大学，学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。

Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work?

根据最近的一项统计调查显示，98%的人同意每周五天工作日。

更多句型：

A recent statistics shows that „

结尾万能公式：

1.结尾万能公式一：如此结论

说完了，毕竟要归纳一番，相信各位都有这样的经历，领导长篇大论，到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话，我们马上停止开小差，等待领导说结束语。也就是说，开头很好，也必然要有一个精彩的结尾，让读者眼前一亮，这样，你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子：

Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politene and respect for others.

如果读者很难“显而见之”，但说无妨，就当读者的眼光太浅罢了!

更多过渡短语：

to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus

更多句型：

Thus, it can be concluded that„, Therefore, we can find that„

2.结尾万能公式二：如此建议

如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话，那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了，因为这里虽然也是废话，但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽!

Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.

这里的虚拟语气用得很经典，因为考官本来经常考这个句型，而如果我们自己写出来，你说考官会怎么想呢?更多句型：

Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.

Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.

2013年12月新题型 大学英语四级考试

练习1 • 中国将进一步发展经济、扩大开放，这对 海外企业（enterprises）意味着更多的商机。 改革开放以来， 中国企业与海外企业一直 积极开展经济技术合作，并取得了巨大成 就。海外企业不仅帮助了中国企业的成长， 而且也在合作中获得了收益。中国政府将 继续提供有利的政策和条件，推动中国企 业与国外企业进一步开展合作。

key 1

• China will develop its economy further and open itself wider to the outside world, which offers more busine opportunities to overseas enterprises.Since China’s reform and opening up, Chinese enterprises have been cooperating with overseas enterprises in terms of economy and technology, and have scored great achievement.Overseas enterprises have not only helped Chinese enterprises with their growth, but also benefited from the cooperation.Chinese government will continue to offer favorable policies and conditions to promote the further cooperation between Chinese and overseas enterprises.练习2

• 狮舞（Lion Dance）是中国最广为流传的民间舞蹈 之一。狮为百兽之首，在中国传统中，狮子被视 为是能带来好运的吉祥物（mascot）。古人将狮 子视作是勇敢和力量的化身，能驱赶邪恶、保护 人类。据记载，狮舞已拥有了2,000多年的历史。 在唐代（the Tang Dynasty），狮舞就已经被引入 了皇室。因此，舞狮成为元宵节（the Lantern Festival）和其他节日的习俗，人们以此来祈祷好 运、平安和幸福。

Key 2

• The Lion Dance is one of the most widespread folk dances in China.The lion is the king of animals.In Chinese tradition, the lion is regarded as a mascot, which can bring good luck.Ancient people regarded the lion as a symbol of bravene and strength, which could drive away evil and protect humans.The dance has a recorded history of more than 2,000 years.During the Tang Dynasty, the Lion Dance was already introduced into the royal family of the dynasty.Therefore, performing the lion dance at the Lantern Festival and other festive occasions became a custom where people could pray for good luck, safety and happine.

练习3 • 假日经济的现象表明：中国消费者的消费 观正在发生巨大变化。根据统计数据，中 国消费者的消费需求正在从基本生活必需 品转向对休闲、舒适和个人发展的需求。 同时，中国人的消费观在蓬勃发展的假日 经济中正变得成熟。因此产品结构应做相 应调整，来适应社会的发展。另一方面， 服务质量要改善，以满足人们提高生活质 量的要求。

Key 3

• The phenomenon of holiday economy shows that Chinese people’s consumption concept is undertaking great changes.According to statistics, the demands of Chinese consumers are shifting from the basic neceities of life to leisure, comfort and personal development.Therefore, the structure of products should be adjusted accordingly to adapt to social development.On the other hand, services should be improved to satisfy people’s demand for an improved quality of life.

练习4 • 端午节，又叫龙舟节，是为了纪念爱国诗人屈原。屈原是一位忠诚和受人敬仰的大 臣（minister）,他给国家带来了和平和繁荣。 但最后因为受到诽谤（vilify）而最终投河自 尽。人们撑船到他自尽的地方，抛下粽子， 希望鱼儿吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身躯。几 千年来，端午节的特色在于吃粽子 （glutinous dumplings）

Key 4

• The Duanwu Festival, also called the Dragon Boat Festival, is to commemorate the patriotic poet Qu Yuan.Qu Yuan was a loyal and highly esteemed minister, who brought peace and prosperity to the state but ended up drowning himself in a river as a result of being vilified.People got to the spot by boat and cast glutinous dumplings into the water, hoping that the fishes ate the dumplings instead of Qu Yuan’s body.For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by glutinous dumplings and dragon boat races, especially in the southern provinces where there are many rivers and lakes.

练习5

• 2013年6月20日在中国各地，剧估计60万儿童和他们 的老师观看了有宇航员（astronaut）王亚平在距离 地球300公里的上空所讲授的科学课。王亚平与两个 同事乘坐天宫一号实验舱(the Tiangon-1

laboratory module) 执行为期两周的任务。她在课上进行了一系 列太空的物理演示。在有些演示中还对比了在地球 上重力（one-gravity）环境下同样的实验。这堂物理 课不仅让孩子们享受了一堂知识与乐趣兼具的物理 课，也显示了我国通信科技的前进。

Key 5

• On June 20, 2013, an estimated 600 thousand school children and their teachers acro China watched a science leon taught from 300km above the Earth by astronaut Wang Yaping.Wang is aboard the Tiangong-1 laboratory module with two crewmates, for a two-week miion.Her leons were a series of physics demonstrations in the space.In some demonstrations, she compared with the same experiment under the one-gravity environment on Earth.The leon has not only offered children a physics leon with knowledge and interest, but also shows the advance in communication technology of China.

第12篇：英语四级作文及翻译 2

明星代言问题

目前，我们很难过上一天没有看到一个名人代言人推广产品或一个社会运动在电视，网络或其他媒体。这是一个强烈的流行趋势，我们不能不注意到。

毫无疑问，明星代言人可以提高产品的销售。一个代言人的主机，然而，已经成为一些公司的营销工具，甚至是公司生产和销售假冒伪劣产品。这种行为产生了对消费者和整个社会，应该受到严厉批评和惩罚的负面影响。当然，正如众所周知，任何事物都有明亮和黑暗的方面。一些明星的社会活动和公共宣传提高公众意识认可，引起公众行为的改变。在这种情况下，他们成为广大市民的正面榜样。这些只是一个案例：普国泰，一个家庭的人物，作为中国艾滋病基金会名人的发言人，大大促进了预防艾滋病的事业，在中国治愈。

On the Celebrity Spokesperson

(celebrity 名人，名流；名声，著名；知名人士，社会名流。)

（spokesperson 代言人；（男/女）发言人。）

Currently, we could hardly live a single day without seeing a celebrity spokesperson promoting a product or a social campaign on TV, net or other media.This is an intensely popular trend that we cannot fail to notice.There is no doubt that the celebrity spokespeople could boost the sale of a product.A host of celebrity spokespersons, however, have emerged as the marketing tool of some companies, even companies producing and selling fake and inferior items.This kind of behavior has produced negative impacts on consumers and whole society, which should be severely criticized and penalized.Of course, as is known to all, everything has both bright and dark sides.Some stars’ endorsement of social activities and public campaigns raises public awarene, giving rise to changes in public behavior.In this case, they serve as positive role models of the general public.To name only one case: Pu CX, a household figure, acting as the celebrity spokesman of the China AIDS Foundation, contributes greatly to the cause of AIDS prevention and cure in China.

currently 现在；一般；流畅地；目前现在；通称地，普遍地，当前；目前，眼前地。 campaign 战役；运动，活动；竞选运动；从事运动；竞选运动；作战，出征。 intensely 强烈地，极度；紧张地，认真地；热情地，热切地。

fail 不及格；失败；失灵，失去作用；（指健康）衰退，变弱，消失；破产，失去支付能力；缺乏，不足，（作物）歉收。

boost 一举，一抬，一推；推动，帮助，促进；提高，增加。

host 主人，东道主；旅馆老板；节目主持人；寄主，宿主；主机。一大群，许多。 emerge 浮现，出现；发生，显露，暴露；摆脱，露头，出头。

fake伪造，捏造，冒充；假装；欺骗，迷惑；冒牌货，仿造品；冒充者，骗子。 inferior 低等的，下级的；次的，较差的；低于他人者，部下，属下；次品。

items 项目。

produce 生产，出产，制造，创作；生育；拿出，出示，提出；上演，上映，播放，出版；引起，产生，招致。

negative否定的，否认的；片面的，消极的。

impact 冲击，撞击，碰撞；冲击力，撞击力；影响，作用。

severely 严格地，严厉地，严重地，严肃地；朴实无华地。

criticize 批评，批判；苛求，非难。

penalize 对...处刑，规定...应处刑；是不利，对...不公平；处罚。

endorsement 背书，签署；赞同，支持；背书保证，找明星代言。

household 一家人，家眷，家庭，户；普通的，为人所知的。

关于选秀节目

在过去几年里，各种节目的人才上出现了全国各地的电视频道，从超级女声到快乐男声等等。这种强烈的娱乐节目的类型是流行，尤其是年轻人当中，并制作了他们的学习和生活带来深刻影响。

有一些背后的潮流几个原因。首先，年轻的人需要学习的榜样。所以他们中的许多人在参与这些计划的选手疯狂。这引起了越来越多的这些节目，因为电视网络的出现，自然需要迎合年轻观众。另外，由于经济和政治改革所进行的政府来说，这一代青年作物有更多的自由和愿望，表达和展示自己。因此，越来越多的年轻人渴望得到这些节目中涉及。

这是一个分裂的话题。在我个人而言，才艺表演是轻松，有趣，可以极大地减轻我们的压力一个极好的手段。作为大学生，但是，我们不能再沉迷于他们，应该是研究极端重要性。

Over the past couple of years, a variety of talent shows have emerged on TV channels acro the nation, from Super Girls to Happy Boys and so forth.This type of entertainment program is intensely popular, especially among young adults and has produced profound impacts on their studies and life.

There are a couple of reasons behind the tide.To start with, young folks need role models to learn from.So many of them are crazy for contestants participating in these programs.This gives rise to the increasing emergence of these shows because TV networks naturally need to cater to young audiences.Plus, thanks to economic and political reforms carried out by the government, this crop of young generation have more freedom and d

esire to expre and showcase themselves.Therefore, a growing number of young people desire to get involved in these shows.

This is a divisive topic.On my personal level, the talent show is a superb means of relaxing and amusing and can hugely relieve our strains.As college students, however, we could not afford to indulge in them and should be aware of the utmost importance of studies.

a couple of 一对，几个，三两个；两三个；两个，几个。

a variety of 种种；各种各样，不同种类；多种多样的；若干不同的。

and so forth 等等，诸如此类，如此等等。

intensely 强烈地，极度；紧张地，认真地；热情地，热切地。

食品安全问题

对粮食安全

在过去几年里，食品丑闻的几起案件已被各种媒体上披露。粮食安全问题已经成为整个社会的热门话题。粮食不安全的患病率，极大地影响市民的健康，这是政府不能忽视，根据中华人民共和国网络版日报。

有一个驱动力的夫妇，我认为，这背后不可取的潮流。首先，在经济快速发展的过程中，我们忽视道德教育，从而引发了问题率的上升。更重要的是，充足的监管和惩罚这些非法生产者缺乏强制执行的趋势。

正如孔子的指示，这是亡羊补牢，未为晚。及时和应采取严格措施以扭转这种罪恶的趋势。政府应推行一项大规模的道德教育运动，所有公民和制定更严厉的法律，严厉打击那些不负责任的公司，并禁止再次进入食品行业的他们。我坚信，通过我们的共同努力，我们一定会在今后的日子里享受更多的无风险食品。 On the Food Security

Over the past couple of years, several cases of the food scandal have been disclosed on various media.The problem of food security has become a hot button acro society.The prevalence of food insecurity has greatly impacted public health, which the government could not afford to ignore, according to the online edition of the People Daily.

There are a couple of driving forces, I would argue, behind this undesirable tide.First, in the course of the rapid economic evolution, we ignore moral education, giving rise to the rising rate of the problem.More importantly, the lack of adequate regulation and punishment on those illegal producers enforces the trend.

As Confucius instructed, it is better late than never.Prompt and strict measures should be taken to turn back this evil trend.The government should launch a maive moral campaign to educate all citizens and draw up tougher laws to crack down on those irresponsible corporations and prohibit them from entering the food industry again.I am firmly convinced that

through our combined efforts we are bound to enjoy more risk-free foods in the days ahead.

社会不文明现象

在不文明行为我们不能不注意到，无数的不文明行为存在于我们的日常生活中，如随地吐痰，大声说话，乱抛垃圾，在公共场所说讨厌的话等等。所有这些都是不礼貌的行为，我们不应该忽视的。作为一种古老的享受灿烂的文明跨越了5000年的土地，中国正在经历的不当行为激增，每个公民都应该感到羞愧中的。由主机不文明行为，中国在国内和国外有严重影响中国的形象，据人民日报社论的官方网站上公布。

随着中国，我们不应该冒犯别人指出我们的弱点，而应着眼于提高自己更多的关注。我们应该努力找出这些不当行为的原因，并设法消除。有很多原因的主人，我会认为，这背后的趋势。这里仅一：道德教育的不足。政府应该发动一场大规模的道德运动，以对抗这种趋势，我们应该尽力表现自己，在我们的日常生活体面。作为新时代的大学生，我们应该发挥主导作用。

On Uncivilized Behaviors

We cannot fail to notice that countle uncivilized behaviors exist in our daily lives, such as spitting, talking loudly, littering, saying nasty words in public places and so forth.All these are bad manners that we should not lose sight of.As an ancient land enjoying a splendid civilization spanning over 5,000 years, China is witneing a surge in improper acts that every Chinese citizen should feel ashamed of.Uncivilized behaviors by a host of Chinese both at home and abroad have seriously affected China’s image, according to an editorial posted on People Daily’s official website.

As Chinese, we should not get offended when others point out our weaknees but should focus more attention on improving ourselves.We should strive to identify the causes of those improper behaviors and find ways to eliminate them.There are a host of causes, I would argue, behind this trend.To name only one: the lack of moral education.The government should wage a maive moral campaign to fight against this trend and we ourselves should endeavor to behave decently in our daily lives.As college students of the new age, we should take the leading role.

感恩

对培养感恩心

在全国各地的大学校园里，有一个明显的现象，我们不能忽视：有太多的年轻大学生缺乏感恩，对这个灿烂的文明在5000年的跨越古老的土地上无数的传统美德之一的感觉。这些年轻的成年人没有，都不是表达谢意的巨大重要性的那些谁曾帮助他们，从教师到家长等等。

就个人而言，我认为没有一个优雅的心学生的根本原因是他们受教育不重视的道德领域。我坚信，从全社会的人们共同的努力是为这个社会头痛的最后补救措施。

作为新时代的青年大学生，我们应该对这项事业我们自己的贡献。想象没有感恩意识的世界。这个世界是注定要失败的。简而言之，我们应该加入我们的双手来提高我们的意识培养优雅的心。只有这样，才能建设成一个和谐的社会。我的同学们，我求你从现在开始采取行动。

On Cultivating the Sense of Gratitude

On college campuses acro the nation, there is a noticeable phenomenon that we cannot afford to ignore: far too many young college students lack the sense of gratitude, one of the countle traditional virtues of this ancient land with a splendid civilization spanning over 5,000 years.These young adults were not and are not aware of the huge importance of expreing gratitude to those who once helped them, from teachers to parents and so forth.

Personally, I deem that the root cause of students without a graceful heart is that they receive an education not valuing the moral sphere.I strongly believe that joint efforts from folks acro society are the final remedy for this social headache.As young university students of the new era, we should make our own contributions to this cause.Imagine a world without the sense of gratitude.This kind of world is doomed to failure.Simply put, we should join our hands to heighten our awarene of fostering a graceful heart.Only in this way can we build our society into a harmonious one.My fellow students, I beg you to act from now on.

大学生使用信用卡现象

与信用卡

目前，一个由各大银行发行的信用卡和购物卡，商场广泛vareity蓬勃发展的势头在全国各地高校和高校，与高校组成的学生证持有人不断增长的人口众多。事实上，五分之一的学生中，预计在至少拥有一张信用卡，这一数字预计将在稳定increse，扬子晚报的最新公布的数据显示后。

任何事情一样之前，这种塑料小片的出现，校园一卡通的信贷的日益普及同时具有光明和黑暗的方面。一方面，年轻人上大学，从偷窃一笔可观的现金无故障，可享受信用卡的便利性和分期付款购买昂贵的商品。另一方面，然而，该卡的不负责任，这些青少年过度使用，其中大部分是刚从中等学校预算的钱没有能力，可以使它们的债务沉重，将带他们年还清。

我个人的水平，同时享受着便利的主机可能带来的信用卡，我们不能忽视一个明显的事实：在大多数情况下，父母是没有任何限制我们唯一的消费金融来源。相反，我们都应该放在我们的首要任务，并提出自己的研究后，我们的父母以外的严重依赖

On Credit Card

At present, a wide vareity of credit cards iued by major banks and shopping malls are thriving in colleges and universities acro the nation, with a multitude of college students making up a growing population of card

holders.Indeed, one out of five students is estimated to be in poeion of at least one credit card, and the figure is expected to be on the steady increse, the latest data published by Yangtze Evening Post suggests.Like anything prior to the emergence of this small piece of plastic, the increasing popularity of credit card on campus has both bright and dark sides.On the one hand, young adults in college, free from the trouble of pocketing a considerable sum of cash, could enjoy the convenience of credit cards and purchase expensive goods by installments.On the other hand, however, the irresponsible and exceive use of the cards by these youngsters, the majority of whom are fresh out of middle school incapable of budgeting their money, can make them heavily in debt which will take them years to pay off.

On my personal level, while enjoying a host of conveniences the credit card may bring, we couldn’t afford to ignore a conspicuous fact: in most cases, parents are our sole financial sources.Instead of spending without any restrict, we are supposed to put studies on the top of our agenda and move ourselves beyond heavy dependence upon our parents

第13篇：大学四级作文日记(带翻译)

I am a college student, this is my fourth year in the college, which means that I will graduate soon.Nowadays, many of my clamates have taken the action to find the job interview, while I tell myself to calm down, actually, I have no idea about my future, so I haven’t taken the action.我现在是一名大学生，这是我在大学的第四年了，这也意味着我很快就要毕业了。如今，很多我的同学已经开始着手找工作面试，然而我告诉自己冷静，实际上，我对自己的将来一无所知，因此我没有采取行动。

When the graduate season comes, students have to worry about their jobs, for me, I have many annoyances, first, I don’t know which city should I go.On the one hand, I want to stay in the present city that I live, because I have many college students here, I can fight my career with them, we can also take a drink when we have time.But on the other hand, if I want to stay in this city, it means I have to be far away from home.I want to stay with my family, my parents want to see me and I want to accompany them, working at my hometown is a perfect idea for me.Now I still don’t know how to choose, once I have made the decision, I have to give up something.当毕业季来临，学生们开始担忧他们的工作，对于我来说，我有很多的烦恼，第一，我不知道我应该去哪座城市。一方面，我想要留在我现在居住的城市，因为我大部分的大学同学都留在这里，我可以和他们共同为事业奋斗，也可以在闲暇时喝上一杯。但是另一方面，如果我留在这个城市，那意味着我不得不远离家。我想要和家人呆在一起，我的父母想要看到我，我也想要陪伴他们，在家乡工作对我来说是一个极好的抉择。现在我仍然不知道如何选择，一旦我决定了，我必须得放弃一些东西。

Before I make the best choice for me, I won’t find the job interview.

Chapter 2 As the saying goes, “Cheerfulne is health.Having a light heart is better than taking good medicine to relieve pain and sufferings”, I believe that it is important to keep a good mood as much as poible in our lives.俗话说，“开心就是健康。保持轻松愉快的心情比吃良药更能解除病痛”，我相信尽量保持良好的心情在我们的生活是很重要的。

First, keeping a good mood is a good for dealing with interpersonal relationships.All of us need friends and we all like to make friends with those who have a high spirit.Second, keeping a good mood is beneficial to our mental health.In other words, keeping a good mood is keeping a positive attitude.If we have a positive attitude, we will be easy to find out the true, the good and the beautiful in our lives, which is conducive for us to keep confident to our lives.In addition, keeping a good mood is a good way to develop our potentials.If we can keep a good mood or keep a positive attitude when we meet with some problems on the road to succe, we will still be hard-working and confident in ourselves instead of complaining all the time.Finally, keep a good mood is a guarantee of efficient work and study.Keeping a good mood makes us stay in high spirit and concentrate on our work or study, which is a premise for our efficient work or study.第一，保持良好的心情有助于处理人际关系。我们都需要朋友，都喜欢和那些心灵高尚的人交朋友。第二，保持良好的心情有益于我们的身心健康。换句话说，保持良好的心情就是保持积极的态度。如果我们拥有积极的态度，我们可以很容易地找到生活中的真实，美好，这将有利于我们对生活保持信心。此外，保持良好的心情是开发我们潜能的好方法。如果我们能保持良好心情或保持拥有积极的态度，当我们在成功路上遇到问题时，我们仍将继续努力工作，保持自信而不是整天抱怨。最后，保持良好的心情是有效学习和工作的保证。保持好的心情可以使我们停留在高精神层次，专注于我们的工作或学习，是我们有效工作或学习的前提。

Therefore, keeping a good mood insignificant in our lives.No matter how things will go, how the future will be, what we should is keeping a good mood, being self-confident and working hard.因此，在我们的生活中保持良好心情是重要的。不管事情会怎样，未来会如何，我们应该保持良好的心态，自信和努力工作。

Chapter 3

Some deem that opportunity is the key to succe.For example, those global busine giants like Google owe their succe to the huge opportunities they meet.Google\'s boom benefits from the frenzy of Internet.Another striking example is Zhang Liangying\'s overnight sensation.Super Girl Voice Contest, a golden opportunity for her, put the spotlight on her.Others argue that intelligence and diligence outweigh opportunity.There is solely a Google around the planet.The Internet superpower gains from its co-founders\' advanced technology and keen insight into the global internet market.Zhang Liangying demonstrated her distinguished talent and the very wide vocal range.For this reason, she left an favorable impreion with judges and won a host of diehard fans.In my eyes, succe is strongly linked with both.The combination of these two factors breeds succe.There are enormous opportunities beckoning us.We must seize them and exert our all-out intelligence and ability. 有些人认为机遇是成功的关键。例如，这些全球商业巨头谷歌的成功要归功于他们满足巨大的机会。谷歌的从互联网热潮疯狂的好处。一个突出的例子是张靓颖的一夜成名。超级女声的比赛，她是一个千载难逢的机会，把注意力集中在她。

另一些人则争辩说，智慧和勤奋大于机会。这仅仅是一个围绕地球的谷歌。互联网大国收益从其创始人的先进技术，为全球互联网市场敏锐的洞察力。靓颖证明了她杰出人才和很宽的音域。为此，她留下了良好的印象，与法官和赢得许多死忠粉丝。

在我的眼里，成功是有紧密联系的。这两个因素孕育成功的结合。有巨大的机会在召唤我们。我们必须抓住机会，发挥全面的智力和能力。

第14篇：四级翻译讲义

1

大学英语四级翻译讲义

英语翻译三步曲 第一：找主干 第二：定时态 第三：加修饰 第

一、找主干

什么是句子的主干？――主要成份

第二、定时态

如何确定时态？找信号词 A一般现在时

信号词：现在、是、总是、给

谓语构成： be动词（am/is are）动词原形（do/does）

B 一般过去时

信号词：过去某个具体时间点(从前、早在、在2011年,朝代）

相传，据说

谓语构成：be（was，were）或者 did C.现在完成时

信号词：（副词）到目前为止，已经，自从，在近……以来，早就 （助词）了，过，

结构： have/ has + done (动词的过去分词) 表示完成时的时间状语标志 D.一般将来时

2

信号词：将来、会、可以…

谓语构成： will (be going to)+do E 现在进行时

信号词：正在、此时此刻、

（助词）正……着

谓语构成： be（am/is are）+doing F.情态动词

结构:should/may/can/could/must等+do 信号词：将，可能，也许

时间状语

一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶。 (1312四） An emperor found the tea five thousand years ago.在明清期间，茶馆遍布全国。 (1312四）

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the tea houses were widespread all over the country.

几个世纪以来，西湖一直以其秀美风景而闻名于世。

For centuries, the West Lake has been well-known for its beautiful scenery.

地点状语

“中国结”(Chinese Knot)在中文里意味着爱情，婚姻和团聚。(1312四） Chinese Knot means love, marriage and reunion in Chinese.

3

好的厨师总是努力在谷物、肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡.(1312四）

Good cooks always try to seek balance among grains, meat and vegetables.

方式状语

中国应进一步发展核能.(1406四）

China should further develop the nuclear energy. 食物对健康至关重要.(1312四）

Food is crucially important to health.阅读对于中小学生尤为重要.(1406四）

Reading is crucially important to primary and middle school students. 目的状语

为了，针对，以

用to do 形式

为驱厄运、迎好运，家家户户都会进行大扫除（样题）。 To sweep away the ill fortune and bring in good luck,… 针对这一问题，中国政府正开始发起低碳行动。 To tackle this problem,….

为了促进教育公平，中国已经投入360亿元，用于改善农村地区教育设施。

To promote the equality of education, China …...青奥会于①八月②在南京③隆重开幕。

在汉语中通常排列为“时间→地点→方式→动词”的顺序， 在英语中通常排列为“动词→方式→地点→时间”的顺序。

4

how→where→when

The Youth Olympic Games began ceremoniously in Nanjing in August. 我从看到你第一眼就从心底里深深地爱上了你。 I love you deeply from the bottom of my heart at the first sight.简单句语序：主+谓+宾+How+Where+When 请试着将下面短语组成一个完整的句子。

Games

played

yesterday

in the room

the children

quietly The children played games quietly in the room yesterday.before lunch

the letter

in his office

quickly he read He read the letter quickly in his office before lunch.the little boy

an apple

this morning

ate

greedily in the kitchen. The little boy ate an apple greedily in the kitchen this morning.

第四：加修饰（形容词）的翻译： a、单个形容词翻译

中国结已经成为一种优雅多彩的艺术和工艺。

Chinese Knot has become an elegant and colorful art and craft.

b、复合形容词

副词+动词过去分词形式＝＝形容词

“你要茶还是咖啡?”是用餐人常被问到的问题。

”Would you like tea or coffee?”, that is a frequently-asked question to dinning people.

5

精心准备的中餐既可口又好看。

Well-prepared food is both delicious and good-looking.新版的牛津（Oxford）英语词典 newly-edited Oxford English Dictionary 新公布的计划 newly-announced plan 新建的高楼 recently/newly-built architectures 精心设计的景观 well-designed landscape

（二）、of 结构

茶是中国的瑰宝。(1312四）

Tea is the treasure of China. (of结构）

(1) 随着

随着时代的发展with the development of times

随着技术和安全措施的改进with the improvement of technology and security measures

随着电脑和智能手机的迅速发展和普及with the fast development and popularity of computers and smart phones （2）史

中国剪纸有一千五百多年的历史。

Chinese paper-cutting has a history of more than 1,500 years.

北京首都国际机场(Beijing Capital International Airport)已有50多年的历史。

Beijing Capital International Airport has a history of more than 50 years. （3）部分

太极拳是东方文化的重要组成部分。

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Taijiquan is an important part of the oriental culture.城镇化已经成为我国社会和经济发展的重要组成部分。

Urbanization has become an important component of social and economic development in China.(4)分数

核电目前只占其总发电量的2% Nuclear power currently only accounts for 2% of the total generating capacity.中国老年人口占据人口总数的三分之一。

Chinese elder people account for one third of the total population.

…….之一 句型

主谓+ one of +形容词+范围词+地点

皮影戏是中国最著名民间戏剧形式之一.

Shadow play is one of the most famous folk art forms in China. 茶是世界上最流行的饮料(beverage)之一。 Tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world.

（三）、介词短语

a、表拥有

中心词+with短语

有三千年历史的城市

a city with a history of 3,000 years. b、表地点

中心词+from/in/+somewhere 农村和山区的儿童

the children in rural and mountainous areas

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c 表方位

中心词+in+sth.工业升级中的结构性障碍(structural obstacle )

the structural obstacle in industrial upgrading d 表目的

中心词+for sth. 馈赠外国友人的礼物 the gift for foreign friends

被动句结构

• 一般现在时：be（am is are）+done • 现在进行时： be（am is are）+being + done • 一般过去时：was、were +done • 一般将来时：will be done • 现在完成时：have/has been done • 情态动词：must(can/could等) be done 真题演练

The famous novel is said to

(已经被翻译成多种语言).（2012-6）

We look forward to

(被邀请出席开幕式).

一、点型的被字句

（1）信号词

被，由，让，给，遭，受，通过 为…所称，用于 （2 ）判断句

是+动词+的

语言是在实践中形成的。Language has been formed in practice.

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二、隐形被动句

今天食堂吃饺子。

三、习惯性被动句

我们，人们，大家

被动句的翻译步骤： 第一：定主干（定谓语动词） 第二：定时态

第三：加被动

一、点型的被字句

被字句

在中国，烹饪被视为一种技能（1312四）。In China, cooking is regarded as a skill.由字句

家里的大事由男人做主。The important things in family are decided by men.于字句

这些资金用于改善教学设施、购买书籍

These funds are used to improve teaching facilities and purchase books. 遭字句

目前，人类的生存环境正在遭到破坏。

Currently, the human’s living environment is being destroyed severely.受字句

中国武侠连续剧(Chinese Wuxia series)在西方受到大众的欢迎。 Chinese Wuxia series is welcomed by the audience in the west.

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称

《本草纲目》堪称中医史上最完整的医书。

Ben Cao Gang Mu is regarded as the most complete Medical book in the history of traditional Chinese medicine.

（2）：是、、、的

地基是石头砌成的.The foundation is made of stones 真题演练

换句话说，核能是可以安全开发和利用的。

In other words, the nuclear energy can be exploited and utilized safely. 中国结(the Chinese knot) 最初是手工艺人发明的。（ 13.12 四）

The Chinese Knot was initially invented by craftsmen.

第二：隐形被动句

房间已经打扫干净了。The room has been cleaned. 文章总算写完了。The article has finally been finished.

第三：习惯性被动句(泛指人称代词,人们，我们开头) 人们用它来辟邪。It is used to ward off evil spirits.人们用它来记录事件。It is used to record events. 真题演练

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１这种形式的手工艺(handcraft)代代相传。 This kind of craft has been paed down for generations.

2、中国结常常作为礼物交换.

The Chinese Knot is often given as a gift for exchange.

如何翻译无主句？

第一：加人称代词 第二：译为被动

第三：it is +a.+to do(做某事是……，很难，很容易) 第四：there be/appear/exist（有，现在，存在）

第一：加人称代词

开车没有方向盘不行。 You can’t turn a car without the wheel. 外面下雨了。 It’s raining outside．

接到你的情书，非常高兴。

（我）接到你的情书,（我）非常高兴。

I am very glad to have received your love letter.

第二：译为被动

食堂今天吃饺子。Dumplings are served in the dining hall today.

第三：it is +a.+to do(做某事是……，很难，很容易) 很难弄清楚这个习俗的起源。

11

It is difficult to make clear the origins of the custom.

第四、译为存现句型，there be 信号词 有，存在，出现 中西方饮食习惯存在具大差异。

There exist great differences between Chinese and western eating habits.

必须保证孩子们的安全。

Children’s safety must be guaranteed. We must guarantee children’s safety.It is eential to guarantee children’s safety. 并列句

并列句＝简单句+并列连词+简单句 表并列关系 和, 不仅，而且

and, both..and…

as well as , not only ...but also..., , neither…nor 表转折关系：但是，然而

but,however, while

表选择关系：或者

or, either…or

成功有一千个理由，失败却只有一个。

――――约翰肯尼迪（John F Kennedy）

12

Victory has a thousand fathers, but defeat is an orphan.谈恋爱，是跟一个人的优点在谈恋爱，

谈结婚，是跟一个人的缺点在过日子。

Dating someone is dating with his or her merits,while marrying someone is marrying his or her demerits.

改错题

１ 丽江古城位于云南西北部，是纳西族(Naxi ethnic group)聚居(Home to)的地方。

Lijiang ancient city is located in the northwest of Yun Nan province, and home to Naxi ethnic group.

2 许多西方人会选咖啡，而中国人则会选茶。

Many westerners will choose coffee, while the choice of Chinese may be tea. 3 茶是中国的瑰宝，也是中国传统和文化的重要组成部分。

Not only is tea an ethnic drinking, but also was an important component of Chinese traditional culture.

真题演练

在古代，人们用它来记录事件，但现在主要 用于装饰的目的。

In ancient times, it was used for recording events, while now it is mainly used for a decoration purpose.中餐既美味又健康Chinese food is both delicious and healthy.

13

中国园林是中国文化的标志，已有3000多年的悠久历史。

Chinese garden is a symbol of Chinese Culture and it has a long history of more than 3000 years.

定语从句

作用一：帮助我们翻译长定语

作用二：帮助我们翻译难词

翻译定语从句的步聚： 第一：译主干，确定先行词 第二：加关系词 第三：译从句

The prevention and treatment of AIDS is

(我们可以合作的领域）(0806四）

一些为接受更好教育而转往城市上学的学生如今又回到了本地农村学校就读。 Some students who have been transferred to city schools to receive a better education are now moving back to their local rural schools.

其中 among which(事) among whom(人) 杭州特产众多，其中以丝绸和茶叶最受欢迎。

14

Hangzhou owns numerous special local products, among which the silk and the tea is the most popular.

历史上涌现了一批杰出的元曲剧作家，其中以关汉卿最负盛名。

There appeared a great number of outstanding playwrights of Yuan opera in history, among whom Guan Hanqing was the most famous. 翻译难词

瓷器,和丝绸一样，是享誉海外的中国特产。

Chinaware, like silk, is a specialty of China that is very famous overseas.

宾语从句

判断：宾语是一个句子

信号词：认为 deem 声称maintain 显示reveal 强调stre 建议advise

结构：主语+谓语+(that)+从句

如果谓语动词是现在时，从句可以用任何时态；

15

如果谓语动词是过去时，从句要用相应的过去时态。 他们强调，人们应当读好书，尤其是经典著作。

They stre that people should read good books, especially claical ones. 有些教育工作者2003年就建议设立全民读书日。

Some educational workers have suggested that a National Reading Day be set up since 2003.

时间状语从句

引导词：when, until 信号词：时，当….时 【真题链接】

.例子一：(CET4 2006/12) 一些心理学家表明人们出门在外时可能会感到孤独。

---Some psychologists claim that people may feel lonely_________________________.例子二：(CET4 2014/06) 饮茶在六世纪传到日本，但直到18世纪才传到欧美。(1312四） Tea-drinking was introduced to Japan in the 6th century, but was not introduced to Europe and America until the 18th

century.

条件状语从句

引导词：if

16

信号词：如果，假如 主将从现

从句：if+主语+do/does 主句：主语+will +do If you do what you love, money will follow.

如果错过了太阳时你流泪，那么你也要错过群星了。

----- 泰戈尔

If you shed tears when you mi the sun, you’ll mi the stars. 主情从现

如果冬天来了，春天还会远吗？ ---If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 从句：if+主语+do/does 主句：主语+must/can/may等 主祈从现

---If you want to know the value of money, go and try to borrow some.从句：if +主语+do/does 主句：祈使句

否定：don’t do/never do sth.

If you can’t say anything nice, don’t say anything at all. If you are ever in trouble, don’t try tobe brave, just run, runaway. 【真题链接】

Please come here at ten tomorrow morning if it is convenient for you.(如果你方便的话）

17

假如他们没有在这个关键时期培养阅读的兴趣，以后要养成阅读的习惯就很难了。（1406四）

If they don’t develop the interest of reading during this crucial period, it will be difficult to get into the habit of reading late.

第四次课内容：

第一：如果升级and连接的并列句（同位语，分词作状语，非限定性定语从句） 第二：三个提分句型 第三：段落翻译注意事项

1 汉语是一种古老的语言，已有四千多年的历史。

Chinese is an ancient language,and it has a history of more than four thousand years.2 宋徽宗是北宋第八位皇帝，也是宋朝最著名的皇帝之一。

Song Huizong is the eighth emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty, and he is also one of the most famous emperors in the Song Dynasty.相在同点：第一：前后两句主语一致

第二：第一句是个系表结构 方法：把第一个系表结构变为同位语 升级后的句型为：

汉语是一种古老的语言，已有四千多年的历史。

Chinese, an old language, has a history of more than four thousand years. 宋徽宗是北宋第八位皇帝，也是宋朝最著名的皇帝之一。

18

Song Huizong, the eighth emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty, is also one of the most famous emperors in the Song Dynasty.

课堂练习

剪纸（Paper cutting）是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一，有一千五百多年的历史。

Paper-cutting, one of the most popular traditional folk art forms, has a history of more than 1500 years.

在中国，月饼是一种特殊的食品，广受海内 外华人的欢迎。

Moon cakes, a special kind of food in China, are deeply loved by the Chinese both at home and abroad.

中医(Traditional Chinese Medicine)是中华文化的一部分，为中国的繁荣做出了很大的贡献。

Traditional Chinese Medicine, a component of Chinese culture, has made great contributions to the prosperity of China.

句型升级2 我们坐在高高的谷堆旁边，听妈妈讲那过去的故事。

We sat on the high hillock and listened to the old story. We sat on the high hillock, listening to the old story.

相同点

第一：前后两句主语一致

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第二：动词与主语是主动关系

第一：保留主动词

第二：次动词用ing形式

课堂练习

近年来，越来越多的女性在政府部门任职，参与国家政务活动。

In recent years, an increasing number of females have taken office in thegovernment, participating in the national political affairs.

元代时戏剧曾传到世界上很多国家，迷倒了不少国外戏迷。

Drama was introduced to many countries during the Yuan Dynasty, attracting many foreign audience.

句型升级3 我们依偎在妈妈的怀里，听妈妈讲那过去的故事。

We were nestled in the mother’s arm and listened to the old story. 如果前后两句主语一致，动词与主语的是一主一被

方法一： Nestled in the mother’s arm, we listened to the old story. 方法二： We were nestled in the mother’s arm, listening to the old story.

上海自由贸易区(Shanghai Trade Zone)位于上海市的郊区，面积为28.78平方公里。

Located on the outskirts of Shanghai city, Shanghai Trade Zone covers an area of

20

28.78 square kilometers.

Shanghai Trade Zone is located on the outskirts of Shanghai city, covering an area of 28.78 square kilometers.

句型升级4 非限定性从句(重复先行词) 后一个句子用这，给，使，

步聚：第一：翻译主句

第二：逗号后面接which

第三：which+动词+其他成份

中国人每天使用筷子，这在很多外国朋友 眼里似乎是一个奇迹。 Chinese people use chopsticks everyday, which seems to be a miracle to many foreigners.这些资金用于改善教学设施、购买书籍，使16万多所中小学获益。（1406四） These funds are used to improve teaching facilities and purchase books, which benefits more than 160,000 primary and secondary schools.2008年北京奥运会开幕式上，一位小姑娘唱起了《歌唱祖国》，给所有观众都留下了深刻的印象。

In the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympics, a little girl sang the song of Ode to Motherland, which greatly impreed all the audiences.

提分句型１：时间段+witne+名词

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1949年中华人民共和国成立。

The year 1949 witneed the founding of the People\'s Republic of China

提分句型２：So+形容词+be+主语+that+完整句子 青春是如此短暂以至于我们来不及道别。

Our youth is so transient that we have no time to bid farewell. So transient is our youth that we have no time to bid farewell.

道别是如此漫长以至于我们用尽余生去遗忘。

The farewell is so long that we have to spend all the rest of our lives to forget. So long is the farewell that we have to spend all the rest of our lives to forget.

提分句型３：So+副词+do+主语+谓语+that (如果主语是复数用do,如果主语是单数用does)

他们学习太紧张，几乎没有时间好好品尝生活，干些其他事。

They study so hard that they have no time to enjoy their lives and do anything else.So hard do they study that they hardly have time to enjoy their lives and do anything else.

第一：读

（1）第一遍：主干，时态，语态

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（2） 第二遍：定语，状语

（3）第三遍：合译句子

第二：写

（1）写难词 （2）写信号词 （３）写长句

第三：查

(1)查时态 (2)查单复数

3)查漏译

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第15篇：英语四级翻译

试卷一：中餐

【真题原文】许多人喜欢中餐，在中国，烹饪不仅被视为一种技能，而且也被视为一种艺术。精心准备的中餐既可口又好看，烹饪技艺和配料在中国各地差别很大。但好的烹饪都有一个共同点，总是要考虑到颜色、味道、口感和营养(nutrition)。由于食物对健康至关重要，好的厨师总是努力在谷物、肉类和蔬菜

之间取得平衡，所以中餐既味美又健康。

【翻译答案】Most people like Chinese food.In China, cooking is considered as not only a skill but also an art.The well-prepared Chinese food is both delicious and good-looking.Although cooking methods and food ingredient vary wildly in different places of China, it is common for good cuisine to take color, flavor, taste and nutrition into account.Since food is crucial to health, a good chef is insistently trying to seek balance between cereal, meat and vegetable, and accordingly Chinese food is delicious as well as

healthy.

试卷二：信息技术

【真题原文】信息技术(Information Technology)，正在飞速发展，中国公民也越来越重视信息技术，有些学校甚至将信息技术作为必修课程，对这一现象大家持不同观点。一部分人认为这是没有必要的，学生就应该学习传统的课程。另一部分人认为这是应该的，中国就应该与时俱进。不管怎样，信息技术引起

广大人民的重视是一件好事。

【翻译答案】As China citizens attaching great importance to the rapidly development of Information Technology, some college even set it as a compulsory course.Regarding to this phenomenon, people holding different views.Some people think it is not neceary, for students should learn the traditional curriculum.Another part of people think it is a need, because China should keep pace with the times.

Anyway, it is a good thing that Information Technology aroused public concern.

试卷三：茶文化

【真题原文】\"你要茶还是咖啡?\"是用餐人常被问到的问题，许多西方人会选咖啡，而中国人则会选茶，相传，中国的一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶，并用来治病，在明清(the qing dynasties)期间，茶馆遍布全国，饮茶在六世纪传到日本，但直到18世纪才传到欧美，如今，茶是世界上最流行的饮料(beverage)之一，

茶是中国的瑰宝。也是中国传统和文化的重要组成部分。

【翻译答案】\"Would you like tea or coffee?\" That’s a question people often asked when having meal.Most westerners will choose coffee, while the Chinese would like to choose tea.According to legend, tea was discovered by a Chinese emperor five thousand years ago, and then was used to cure disease.During the Ming and Qing dynasties, tea houses were all over the country.Tea drinking spread to Japan in the 6th century, but it was not until the 18th century does it spread to Europe and America.Nowadays, tea is one of the most popular beverage in the world, and it is not only the treasure of China but also an

important part of Chinese tradition and culture.

试卷四：中国结【真题原文】中国结最初是由手工艺人发明的，经过数百年不断的改进，已经成为一种优雅多彩的艺术和工艺。在古代，人们用它来记录事件，但现在主要是用于装饰的目的。“结”在中文里意味着爱情，婚姻和团聚,中国结常常作为礼物交换或作为饰品祈求好运和辟邪。这种形式的手工艺代代相传，现在已经在中国和世界各地越来越受欢迎。

【翻译答案】The Chinese knot was originally invented by the craftsmen.After hundreds of years of continuous improvement，it has become a kind of elegant and colorful arts and crafts.In the ancient times，people used it to record the events，but now it was used mainly for decorative purposes.In Chinese, the knot means love, marriage and reunion, and is often a jewelry used for gift exchange or praying for good luck and warding off evil spirits.This form of handicrafts pa down from generation to generation, and

then it has become increasingly popular in China and around the world.

1.元宵节： Lantern Festival

2.刺绣：embroidery

3.重阳节：Double-Ninth Festival

4.清明节：Tomb sweeping day

5.剪纸：Paper Cutting

6.书法：Calligraphy

7.对联：(Spring Festival) Couplets

8.象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters

9.人才流动：Brain Drain/Brain Flow

10.四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle

11.战国：Warring States

12.风水：Fengshui/Geomantic Omen

13.铁饭碗：Iron Bowl

14.函授部：The Correspondence Department

15.集体舞：Group Dance

16.黄土高原：Loe Plateau

17.红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals

18.中秋节：Mid-Autumn Day

19.结婚证：Marriage Certificate

20.儒家文化：Confucian Culture

21.附属学校：Affiliated school

22.古装片：Costume Drama

23.武打片：Chinese Swordplay Movie

24.元宵：Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling (Soup)

25.一国两制：One Country, Two Systems

26.火锅：Hot Pot

27.四人帮：Gang of Four

28.《诗经》：The Book of Songs

29.素质教育：Eential-qualities-oriented Education

30.《史记》：Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian

31.大跃进：Great Leap Forward (Movement)

32.《西游记》：The Journey to the West

33.除夕：Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival

34.针灸：Acupuncture

35.唐三彩：Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery

36.中国特色的社会主义：Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese characteristics

37.偏旁：radical

38.孟子：Mencius

39.亭/阁： Pavilion/ Attic

40.大中型国有企业：Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises

41.火药：gunpowder

42.农历：Lunar Calendar

43.印/玺：Seal/Stamp

44.物质精神文明建设：The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilization

45.京剧：Beijing Opera/Peking Opera

46.秦腔：Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera

47.太极拳：Tai Chi

48.独生子女证：The Certificate of One-child

49.天坛：Altar ofHeaven in Beijing

50.小吃摊：Snack Bar/Snack Stand

51.红双喜：Double Happine

52.政治辅导员：Political Counselor/School Counselor

53.春卷：Spring Roll(s)

54.莲藕：Lotus Root

55.追星族：Star Struck

56.故宫博物院：The Palace Museum

57.相声：Cro-talk/Comic Dialogue

58.下岗：Lay off/Laid off

59.北京烤鸭：Beijing Roast Duck

60.高等自学考试：Self-taught Examination of Higher Education

61.烟花爆竹：fireworks and firecracker

62.敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves

63.电视小品：TV Sketch/TV Skit

64.香港澳门同胞：Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao

65.文化大革命：Cultural Revolution

66.长江中下游地区：The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River

67.门当户对：Perfect Match/Exact Match

68.《水浒》：Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh

69.中外合资企业：Joint Ventures

70.文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）：\"The Four Treasure of the Study\" \"Brush, Inkstick, Paper, and Inkstone\"

71.兵马俑：cotta Warriors/ Terracotta Army

72.旗袍：cheongsam

第16篇：英语四级翻译

1.琴棋书画

中国人最懂得消遣，中国从前的读书人， 闲暇时间以琴棋书画作为消遣。在中国人看来，艺术品的好坏，意味着作者人格的高低，所以弹琴、下棋、写字和绘画，都代表一个人的修养。弹琴不是要做音乐家，而是随着美妙的琴声，进入一个辽阔的世界，净化自己的心灵。下棋不是为了胜负，而是磨练耐性和使人眼光远大。写字不仅是把字写漂亮，同时也是为了陶冶情操。绘画则是借着画面上的简单线条，表现自己的想象的世界。

Music, che, calligraphy and painting

Chinese people have the best idea about recreation.Scholars of ancient times enjoyed themselves through music, che, calligraphy and painting in their leisure time.In the eyes of the Chinese people, the quality of the artifacts is a reflection of the character of the creator.Thus, playing musical instruments, playing che, writing calligraphy or painting show one’s culture.By playing music, one does not aim to be a musician but to enter a broader world, purifying one’s soul in the beautiful music.By playing che, one does not aim to be the winner but to cultivate patience and foresight.By calligraphy, one aims not only to write beautifully but also to improve his mind.Through painting, one exprees an imaginary world with simple lines. 2.孝

孝是中国人的一种最重要的民族美德。孔子认为孝道是各种美德的基础。孟子认为，如果人人都能孝顺父母，尊敬长辈，就可以使天下太平。一个人如果能尽孝道，就不会做出越礼犯法的行为。而且，孝顺父母的人往往性情淳厚，有见义勇为的品德，对于公益事业一定热心。社会的组成分子如果能推广孝顺父母的品德，热心公益，就会使社会更容易进步。 Filial piety Filial piety is the most important national virtue to the Chinese people.Confucius considered it to be the foundation of other virtues.Mencius believed that if everyone had filial piety for his parents and respect for older generations, there would be peace in the world.Those with filial piety will break neither etiquette nor the law.Such people are usually simple in nature, courageous in a just cause and enthusiastic in promoting the public good for sure.If society is eager for filial piety and ardent for the public good, it will be easier to make progre. 3.中文

越来越多受英文教育的海外华人父母，已经认识到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同时，也通晓中文的重要性。中国的崛起，使他们认识到孩子掌握双语的好处--- 既能增加他们的就业机会，也能让他们接触和熟悉东西方两种不同的文化。这些人对中文的态度几乎完全改变了。曾几何时，他们还骄傲地宣称自己只懂英文。现在，他们已开始积极支持孩子学习中文和中国文化，而且还不时送孩子来中国游览，欣赏壮观的自然风光，了解丰富的文化遗产。

Chinese language An increasing number of Chinese parents overseas with English education background have realized how important it is for their children to command Chinese as well as to master indispensable English.The rise of china has awakened their awarene of the benefits of bilingual study of their children, both to increase their chances of employment and to facilitate their contact and familiarity with tow different cultures: the Oriental and the Occidental.They have almost completely changed their attitudes towards Chinese.At one time they proudly declared that they only knew English.Now, they have begun to positively support their children’s study of Chinese and Chinese culture, and send them on frequent visits to China to admire its magnificent natural scenery and learn its cultural heritage. 4.元宵节

正月十五元宵节是中华民族的传统节日，也是春节之后的第一个重要节日。这是一年中第一个月圆之夜，也是大地回春的夜晚，人们对此加以庆祝，也是庆贺新春的延续。按中国民间的传统，在这天上皓月悬挂的夜晚，人们要点起彩灯万盏，以示庆贺。中国幅员辽阔，历史悠久，所以关于元宵节的习俗在全国各地也不尽相同，其中吃元宵、赏花灯、猜灯谜等是元宵节重要的民间习俗。 Lantern festival The lantern festival on the 15th day of the first month in the lunar calendar is a traditional festival of the Chinese nation, and the first important one after Spring Festival.This is the first full moon night of the year, and also marks the return of spring, for which people continue their celebration of the New Year.In keeping with folk tradition in china, people light thousands of color lanterns for celebration on this moon-lit night.Because of its vast territory and long history, china has many different customs for Lantern Festival acro the country, among which eating yuanxiao ( sweet, sticky rice dumplings ), admiring beautiful lanterns and gueing lantern riddles are the most important. 5.中国传统文化

中华民族的传统文化博大精深、源远流长。早在两千多年前， 就产生了以孔孟为代表的道家学说。从孔夫子到孙中山，中华民族的传统文化有许多珍品，比如强调仁爱、强调群体、强调天下为公、特别是强调吃苦耐劳、尊师重教的传统美德。所有这些都对家庭、社会和国家都起到了巨大的维系和调节作用。

Traditional Chinese Culture

Traditional Chinese Culture, extensive and profound, enjoys a long history.More than 2000 years ago Chinese Confucianism and Taoism emerged, founded by Confucius and Mencius, and Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi, respectively.From example, it strees the importance of kindne and love, the interests of the community, the idea that the world is for all, and especially the traditional virtues such as diligence and endurance, respecting teachers and valuing education.All these have played a great role in binding and regulating the family, the society and the country.

6.诚信原则

中国人以前都生活在大家庭李， 有很多亲戚相互来往。 男人在外面做事谋生，也会结交许多朋友。 中国人交朋友， 秉持的最重要的原则是“诚”和“信”。自己以诚心待人，自然可以换来真实的友谊；尊重别人，自然会被尊重。 而且要信守诺言，绝不欺骗。中国人不仅把这些原则应用在私人的交往上， 在和其他国家办理外交的时候， 也同样遵守这些原则。

Sincerity and faithfulne In the past, the Chinese lived in extended family groups, with many relatives as their social contacts.The men of the family would also make many friends in the course of making their way in the world.Chinese people try to maintain two most important principles in friendship: sincerity and faithfulne.They exchange sincerity for true friendship as might be expected, and receive respect by respecting others.They keep their promises without deceit.Chinese people not only apply these principles in personal contacts, but also follow them in their diplomatic relations with other countries. 7.中药

众所周知， 在最近两百年之前的大部分时间里， 人类一直依赖传统药物与疾病斗争。 各大文明古国几乎都有自己的民族医药体系， 其中又以中国的中医药体系最为完备，成就最大。 可以说，中国的中医药体系是古代医药科学的最高表现。中药绝大部分来源于天然的植物，其次是动物、矿物等。中国各地使用的中药已达5000种左右，用各种药材配成的方剂，更是数不胜数。

Chinese medicine As is commonly known, until the most recent two centuries people fought against disease with traditional drugs.Ancient civilizations all had their own national drug system, among which the Chinese system was the most comprehensive and achieved the greatest results.We could say that the Chinese traditional drug system is the supreme representation of the type.Traditional Chinese drugs come mostly from natural plants.With some from animals and minerals.There are about 5000 traditional drugs in use acro China, and countle prescriptions made with those drugs.

8.清明节

清明节是中国人扫墓的日子。 中国人的乡土观念很重，他们认为世界虽然广大，但只有自己曾经亲手耕耘过的这块土地最可爱。 这块土地属于他们，同样的， 他们也属于这块土地。 传说从前中国人出远门的时候，身边总要带一包故乡的泥土， 这样他就不会轻易生病。一个人即使死在他乡，他的家人总要想办法把他的遗体运回去，葬在故乡的土地上。

Tomb-sweeping Day Tomb-sweeping day is the day for Chinese people to pay respect to their ancestors at their graves.Chinese people have strong loyalty to their hometown, believing the land they have cultivated is the most precious, no matter where they may go in the vast world.The land belongs to them and they belong in their own land.It is said that Chinese people of ancient times, when out of town, would take some soil from their hometown to protect them from illne.When one dies in a foreign land, his family will go to great lengths to carry back his remains to be buried in his own land.

9.中国画

中国画线条简单，却能给人无限的想象空间。 所以中国人看画，事实上是在心里作画。 也许有人会问： 中国的山水画家为什么老是喜欢画一些简陋的茅房，而不画高大的建筑呢？这是因为中国人觉得物质生活是短暂的，人的精神却是永恒的。 一个人如果领悟了天地的辽阔， 山水的永久，他还能不觉察自己的渺小，而变得谦虚吗？

Chinese Painting Chinese painting, though simple in line, inspires a boundle realm of imagination.Therefore, when Chinese people appreciate their paintings, they are actually painting in their mind.Some may ask: why do Chinese landscape painters love to paint shabby cottages instead of high buildings? It is because they sense the brevity of physical life but the eternity of the human spirit.If one realizes the boundlene of heaven and earth and the eternity of mountains and rivers, how could he be otherwise than humble at his own insignificance in the universe?

10.世界多元文化

一个音符无法表达出优美的旋律，一种颜色难以描绘出多彩的画卷。世界是一座丰富多彩的艺术殿堂，各国人民创造的独特文化都是这座殿堂里的瑰宝。 人类历史发展的过程，就是各种文明不断交流、融合、创新的过程。人类历史上各种文明都以各自的独特方式为人类进步做出了贡献。 我们应该积极维护世界多样性，推动不同文明的对话和交融，相互借鉴而不是相互排斥，使人类更加和睦幸福，让世界更加丰富多彩。

Cultural Diversity

A composer cannot write an enchanting melody with only one note, and a painter cannot paint a landscape with only one pigment.The world is a treasure house displaying unique cultural achievements created by people from all countries.The history of human development is the proce of different civilizations interacting with each other for mutual enrichment, and all civilization have contributed to the progre of mankind in their own way.We should uphold the diversity of the world, enhance dialogue and interaction between civilizations, and draw on each other’s strengths instead of being mutually exclusive.When this is done, mankind will enjoy greater harmony and happine, and the world will become a more colorful place to live.

11.端午节

根据传说，楚国政治家兼诗人屈原忧国忧时，在五月五日投江自尽。 人们敬爱这位爱国诗人， 驾船寻找他的遗体， 却没有找到。 后来人们把糯米包在竹叶里面， 做成粽子，驾着小船到达出事地点，把粽子丢到水里， 当做祭品， 这就是粽子和龙舟比赛的起源。 在南方水乡， 每年端午节都有龙舟比赛。

Dragon Boat Festival

According to legend, Qu Yuan, a politician and poet in the Chu Kingdom of ancient China, jumped into the river on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, committing suicide in his concern about the current circumstances and future fate of the country.In their reverence for the patriotic poet, people rowed out in boats to make glutinous rice dumplings, rowed to the site of the suicide, and threw them into the water as a sacrifice.This is the origin of both glutinous rice dumplings and the dragon boat race.In the riverside towns of south China, there dragon boat races every Dragon Boat Festival.

12.孔子学院（Confucius Institute）是中国在世界各地设立的教育和文化交流机构。推广汉语、传播中国文化是设立该机构的目的。孔子学院最重要的一项工作就是给世界各地的汉语学习者提供标准的教材以及正规的汉语学习渠道。全球首家孔子学院于2004年在韩国首尔（Seoul）成立，目前已遍布106个国家。孔子学院有力地推动了中国文化的交流与融合（integration）。

Confucius Institute is an institute of education and cultural communication established by China all over the world.Its aim is to promote Chinese language and spread Chinese culture.The most important task of Confucius Institute is to provide standard textbooks and a formal channel to learn Chinese for learners all over the world.The first Confucius Institute opened in 2004 in Seoul, South Korea.At present, it has been established in 106 countries.Confucius Institute has greatly promoted the exchange and integration of cultures between China and the rest of the world.

13.大熊猫被称为“中国国宝”（China’s national treasure）是中国特有的动物。大熊猫外表黑白相间，体型肥胖，是一种温顺可爱的动物。它们主要生活在中国西南地区，80%以上分布于四川境内。它们习惯居住在温暖潮湿的环境中，喜欢吃竹类。由于生育率低，对生活环境的要求又相当高，它们的数量越来越少。中国政府早已意识到这一问题的严重性，所以做出了很多努力来保护这一濒危物种。

Referred to as “China’s national treasure”, panda is an animal unique to China.With a black and white coat as well as a fat body, it is a gentle and lovely animal.Pandas live mainly in the southwest part of china, over 80% of them living in Sichuan Province.They are accustomed to living in warm and wet environment.Bamboo is their favorite food.Because of low birth rate and high requirement for living environment, the number of pandas is declining.Having realized the seriousne of the problem, Chinese government has made a lot of efforts to protect the endangered species.

第17篇：四级翻译练习

1.孔子

孔子(Confucius)是一位思想家、政治家，教育家，也是中国儒学(the Ru School)思想的创始人。儒学(Confucianism)，这个道德和 宗教哲学的大系统建立在孔圣人(Master Kung)的教学上。冯友兰，中国思想史上 20 世纪伟大的权威之一，把孔子在中国历史上的影响比作 西方的苏格拉底。

参考译文: Confucius was a thinker, political figure, educator, and founder of the Ru School of Chinese thought.Confucianism, the great system of moral and religious philosophy built upon the teachings of Master Kung.Fung You-lan, one of the great 20th century authorities on the history of Chinese thought, compares Confucius’s influence in Chinese history with that of Socrates in the West.

2.京剧

京剧(Beijing Opera)是中国的国粹。 作为一门古老的艺术，京剧的服装 （costume)、脸谱(facial mask)更易被人喜爱。不同的服装类型反映不同的人物身份特征。富贵者的服装缀满精美的刺绣;穷困者的服装则简单朴素，少有装饰(elemental)。 脸谱是京剧中塑造人物 形象的重要 手段，它是用不同的颜色在脸上勾画出来的。脸谱的颜色让人一看便知角色(portray)的善恶。比如白色代表奸诈(treachery)， 黑色代表正直不阿，黄色是骁勇，蓝、绿色多用于绿林 好汉(rebellious fighters)，金、银色多用于神佛(divinity and Buddhism)等。

参考译文: Beijing Opera is the cream of the Chinese culture.As a traditional art form, its costumes and facial mask are more popular with people.Different styles of costumes are used to reflect the status of different characters.There are more decorations in the costumes of nobles，while those of the poor tend to be simple and le elemental.Facial masks can reflect qualities of different characters.Facial masks using different colors are important ways to portray a character.People can tell a hero from a villain by the colors of the masks.In general，white usually represents treachery, black represents righteousne, yellow represents bravery, blue and green represent rebellious fighters，while gold and silver represent divinity and Buddhism.

3.茶马古道

茶马古道(Tea-horse Ancient Road)两边，生活着 20 多个少数 民族。不同的地方有着各自美丽而神奇的自然风景和传统文化，比 如:大理，丽江古城，香格里拉(Shangrila),雅鲁藏布江 大峡谷和布达拉宫(Potala Palace)。古道的两旁有庙宇、岩石壁画、骚站(post house),古桥和木板路，还有少数民族舞蹈和民族服装。时至今天，虽然这条古道的踪迹都消失了，但它的文化和历史价值仍然存在。

参考译文: Along the Tea-horse Ancient Road lived more than 20 minorities.Concentrations of beautiful and mysterious natural landscapes and traditional cultures developed in various sites，including Dali old city, Lijiang old city, Shangrila, Yarlung Zangbo River Grand Canyon, Potala Palace.The road features temples, rock paintings, post houses, ancient bridges and plank roads.It is also home to many national minorities and their dances and folk customs.Today, although the traces of the ancient road are fading away, its cultural and historic values remain.

4.八大菜系

中国一个幅员辽阔、资源丰富、历史悠久的多民族国家， 每个民族都有其独特的丰富菜肴。 地域菜系在地理环境、气候、文化传统、民族风俗和其他因素的影响下经过悠久历史的发 展已经成形。 最有影响力、最具代表性的是鲁、川、粤、闽、苏、浙、湘、徽菜系， 这八 种被人们称为“八大菜系” 。中国的“八大菜系”是以多种多样 的烹饪方法区分的，各有其长处。

参考译文: China is a time-honored multi-ethnics nation with a vast territory and abundant resources, and every ethnic group has its unique abundant dishes.Regional cuisines have taken shape after long-history evolution under the influence of geographical environment, climate, cultural tradition, folk customs and other factors.The most influential and representative ones are Lu, Chuan，Yue, Min, Su，Zhe, Xiang and Hui Cuisines, which are commonly known as “Eight Major Cuisines” .Dishes in the “Eight Major Cuisines” in China are characterized by diversified cooking skills, with each having its strong points.

5.四合院

四合院是从明代的北京延续下来的古典建筑风格的住宅。四合 院之间的狭窄的街道被称为 “胡同” 。一个四合院有园林包围着四个房子，有高高的围墙保护。四合院与胡同都是人们 常见到的，有超 过 700 多年的历史，但是由于现在的城市改造和中国经济的发展，四合院 慢慢地从北京消失。

参考译文: Si He Yuan is a claical architecture style of residential housing of Beijing citizens dated from the Ming Dynasty.The narrow streets between the Si He Yuan are called “Hutong”.A single implementation of Si He Yuan comprises of garden surrounded by four houses and protected by high walls.Si He Yuan with Hutong which have been very familiar to people，having a history of more than 700 years now suffer from the urban renovation and economic development of China, and they are slowly disappearing from Beijing.

6.少林功夫

少林功夫(Shaolin Kungfii)是河南登封少林寺信奉佛教文化的和尚们练习的一种武术(martial arts)。少林寺，建于北魏(the Northern Wei Dynasty)太和期(Taihe Period)十九年，是少林功夫发展的文化空间。少林功夫最初是佛教僧侣练习的，他们的职责是保护寺庙。 现在经过 1500 多年的发展，少林功夫已逐步发展成为一种完美技术和丰富含义相融合的艺术，在全世界享有声誉。

参考译文: Shaolin Kungfu is a kind of martial arts practiced by monks under the special Buddhist culture of the Shaolin Temple in Dengfeng City, Henan Province.The Shaolin Temple, built in the Nineteenth year of Taihe Period during the Northern Wei Dynasty, is a cultural space for the development of the Shaolin Kungfu.The Shaolin Kungfii, which is originally practiced by the Buddhist monks whose duties were to protect the temple, has been gradually developed into an art of perfect technology, abundant meanings and high reputation in the whole world after more than 1500 years of development.

7.秧歌

秧歌是农历正月的主要的民族花市形式。 在这种活动中， 两人都盛装打扮， 轮流唱歌跳舞， 其他人作为唱歌和跳舞的搭档。锣(gong) 鼓按照节奏敲打;唢呐（suona)或其他传统的弦乐 器、木管乐器作为背景音乐。

参考译文: Yangge, which is one of the main forms of folk flower fair actions in the first month of the lunar year.In this activity, two people are dreed up, singing and dancing in antiphonal style, others act as singing and dancing partners.The gong and drum are beaten in rhythm; traditional stringed and woodwind instruments are dubbed in background music.

8.筷子

说到筷子(chopsticks)的起源，中国是世界上第一个使用筷子的 国家，用筷子吃饭已经有至 少 3000 年的历史了。筷子看起来很简单， 只有两根小细棒，但它有很多功能，比如挑选， 移动，夹，搅拌或 者挖。此外，它便于使用，价格便宜。而且筷子也是世界上独有的 餐具 (tableware)。使用筷子的人，无论是中国人还是外国人，都无不钦佩筷子的发明者。

As the origin of chopsticks, China is the first country in the world to use chopsticks and has a history of at least 3,000 years to have meals with chopsticks.Chopsticks seems quite simple with only two small and thin sticks, but it is in poeion of many functions, such as picking, moving, nipping, mixing and digging; moreover，it is convenient for use and cheap in price.Besides, chopsticks are also unique tableware in the world.Anyone using chopsticks， no matter Chinese or foreigners, would without exception admire the inventor of chopsticks.

9.扇子

中国扇子的历史可以追溯到 3000 多年前的商朝(the Shang Dynasty)。第一种扇子叫作 “扇汗” （Shanhan),是拴在马车上用来 挡住强烈的阳光，给乘客遮雨的。“扇汗”有点像现在的雨伞。后来 “扇汗”变成了由薄但是结实的丝绸或者鸟的羽毛做成的长柄扇，称为中山扇 （Zhangshan fan),它主要用于皇帝的仪仗(honour guard)装饰。

参考译文: The history of Chinese fan can be dated to over 3,000 years ago，around the Shang Dynasty.The first type of fan, known as Shanhan, was tied to a horse-drawn carriage to shut out the strong sunshine and shelter the paengers from the rainfall.The Shanhan was a bit like today’s umbrella.Later this Shanhan became a long-handled fan made of thin and tough silk or birds5 feathers, called a Zhangshan fan, which was mainly used by the emperor’s honour guard as decoration.

10.中国茶

中国是茶的故乡。 据说早在五六千年前， 中国就有了茶树(tea- shrub),而且有关茶树的人类 文明可以追溯到两千年前。来自中国的茶和丝绸、瓷器(porcelain)—样，在 1000 年前为世界所知，而且一直是中国重要的出口产品。目前世界上 40 多个国家种植茶，其中亚 洲国家的产量占世界总产量的 90%。其他国家的茶树都直接或间接地起源于中国。

参考译文: China is the homeland of tea.It is believed that China has tea- shrubs as early as five to six thousand years ago，and human cultivation of tea pants can date back two thousand years.Tea from China，along with her silk and porcelain, began to be known the world over more than a thousand years ago and has since always been an important Chinese export.At present more than forty countries in the world grow tea with Asian countries producing 90% of the world’s total output.All tea trees in other countries have their origin directly or indirectly in China.

11.丝绸之路

丝绸之路(the Silk Road)是历史上连接中国和地中海的一条重要 贸易路线。因为这条路上的 丝绸贸易占绝大部分，所以在 1877 年它 被德国的一位地理学家命名为“丝绸之路” 。这条 古道从长安开始， 经过河西走廊(the Hexi Corridor),到达敦煌后分成三条：南部路线， 中部 路线和北部路线。 这三条路遍布新疆维吾尔自治区(Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region)， 然后扩展到巴基斯坦(Pakistan)，印度， 甚至罗马。

参考译文: The Silk Road is a historically important international trade route between China and the Mediterranean.Because silk comprised a large proportion of trade along this road, in 1877, it was named the Silk Road by an eminent German geographer.This ancient road begins at Chang’an, then by way of the Hexi Corridor，and it reaches Dunhuang, where it divides into three, the Southern Route，Central Route and Northern Route.The three routes spread all over the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and then they extend as far as Pakistan, India and even Rome.

12.经济水平多样化的中国

中国是一个文化、语言、风俗和经济水平都很多样化的地方。 经济格局尤其多样化。大城市如北京，广州和上海是现代的，相对富裕的。然而，约 50%的中国人仍然生活在农村地区，尽管中国只有 10%的土地是可耕地(arable land)。数百万农村居民仍然依靠体力劳动或役畜(draft animal)耕作。两三百万农民迁到城镇寻找工作。 一般来说，南部和东部沿海地区比内陆地区更富有，西部和北部，以及西南部是非常不发达的地区。 参考译文: China is a very diverse place with large variations in culture, language, customs and economic levels.The economic landscape is particularly diverse.The major cities such as Beijing, Guangzhou and Shanghai are moden and comparatively wealthy.However, about 50% of Chinese still live in rural areas even though only 10% of China ’s land is arable.Hundreds of millions of rural residents still farm with manual labour or draft animals.Some 200 to 300 million former peasants migrated to townships and cities in search of work.Generally the southern and eastern coastal regions are wealthier while inland areas, the far west and north, and the southwest are much le developed.

13.中国对外贸易

对于世界上很多国家来说，中国正迅速成为他们最重要的双边 (bilateral)贸易伙伴。然而， 中国和世界其他国家之间贸易不平衡的问题已经引发了关注。尤其是美国对中国的贸易赤字是最大的， 达到了 3150 亿美元，这个数字是十年前的三倍还多。贸易纠纷(trade dispute) 也越来越多，主要是关于倾销(dumping)、知识产权和人民币的估价。

参考译文: For many countries around the world, China is rapidly becoming their most important bilateral trade partner.However，there have been concerns over large trade imbalances between China and the rest of the world.The US in particular has the largest trade deficit in the world with China at $315 billion, more than three times what it was a decade ago.There have also been a growing number of trade disputes brought against, mainly for dumping, intellectual property and the valuation of the yuan.

14.中国的假日

中国人民依法享受超过 115 天的假期，其中包括 104 天的周末和 11 天的节假日。中国一 年中有 7个法定假日，包括元旦(New Year’s Day),春节（Spring Festival),清明节（Qingming Festival), 五一劳动节(May Day)，端午节(Dragon Boat Festival),中秋节(Mid- Autumn Day)和国庆节(National Day)。员工有 5 至 15 天的带薪年假。学生和老师有大约三个月的寒暑假。在中国，暑假一般约在 7 月 1 日开始，8 月 31 日左右结束，寒假是根据春节的日期，通常是在 1 月或 2 月

参考译文: Chinese people legally enjoy over 115 days off including 104 days of weekends and 11 days of festivals.China has seven legal holidays in a year，including New Year’s Day, Spring Festival, Qingming Festival, May Day, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Day and National Day.Employees have 5 to 15 days of paid annual leave.Students and teachers have summer and winter vacations for about three months.The summer vacation in China generally starts around July 1st and ends around August 31st，and the winter vacation usually falls on January or February according to the date of the Spring Festival.

15.信用卡

信用卡(credit card)是银行所创造出来的最便捷同时也是最危险 的信用工具。通过信用卡， 人们可以先用银行付账的方式购买那些 负担不起的物品， 同时， 银行也将对此征收比 一般贷款要高的利率 (interest rate)。遗憾的是，信用卡现巳成为资本主义体制(capitalist system)的重要组成部分，而该体制就得依赖消费(consumption)的持续增长。

Credit cards are one of the most convenient devices ever created by the banking system but, at the same time, one of the most dangerous.They allow people to buy things they，otherwise, couldn’t afford， with money created by the banks and, charged out at much higher interest rates than normal loans.Unfortunately, credit cards have become an eential part of the capitalist system which only survives on the continued growth in consumption.

参考译文: 16.老龄化

根据全国老龄工作委员会(the China National Committee On Aging)的数据来看，到 2053 年， 中国 60 岁及以上的老人数量预计 会从目前的 1.85 亿一跃变为 4.87 亿，或者说是占总人口 的 35%。扩张的比例是由于寿命的增加和计划生育政策(family planning policies) 限制大部分城市家庭只生一个孩子。快速老龄化对社会和经济稳定 造成了严重威胁。

参考译文:The number of people aged 60 and above in China is expected to jump from the current 185 million to 487 million, or 35 percent of the population, by 2053，according to figures from the China National Committee On Aging.The expanding ratio is due both an increase in life expectancy and by family planning policies that limit most urban families to a single child.Rapid aging poses serious threats to the country’s social and economic stability.

17.中国经济

自从 1978 年经济改革以来，中国已经完成了从中央计划经济 (centrally planned economy)向 市场经济(market based economy)的转变。超过 6 亿人已经脱离了贫困，但是仍然有超过 1.7 亿人生活在 国际贫困线以下，每天少于 1.25 美元。2012 年，中国的人均 GDP 为 12405.67 美 元，这是 30 年前的 37 倍。到 2018 年，中国的人均 GDP 将从世界第 90 位上升到第 75 位。 然而，这仍然是低于预计的世界平均水平。

参考译文: Since initiating market reforms in 1978，China has shifted from a centrally planned to a market based economy.More than 600 million citizens have been lifted out of poverty, but over 170 million people still live below the $1.25-a-day international poverty line.In 2012, China’s GDP (PPP) per capita was $12,405.67.This is 37 times higher than what it was just 30 years ago.By 2018， China’ s GDP per capita will climb from the 90th to 75th highest in the world.This however will still be below the forecasted world average.

18.中国的保健食品

中国的保健食品（health food)市场首次出现于 20 世纪 80 年代。 保健食品是指具有特定保 健功能或补充维生素或矿物质的食品。保 健食品适用于特定人群消费，具有调节人体功能 的效果， 但不用于治疗疾病的目的。 保健食品有两种。 一种是具有特定保健功能的食品， 另外一种是营养补充剂。

China’s health food market first emerged in the 1980s.Health food refers to food products which claim to have specific health functions or supplement one’s vitamins or minerals.Health food is suitable for the consumption by specific groups of people and has the effect of regulating human body functions, but is not used for the purpose of treating diseases.There are two kinds of health food.One is food with specific health functions, the other is nutritional supplements.

19.成年子女必须探望父母的法律

这周颁布的一项新法律要求子女必须经常探望年龄超过 60 岁的 父母， 并确保他们经济和精 神上的需求得到满足。星期二，新华社 报导了_条新闻，来自江苏市无锡市的一位 77 岁的老太太起诉她的女儿忽略她。这是新法律生效后的第一起案件， 当地法院规定她的女儿至少每月探望母亲两次，并提供财力支持。但是这项法律引发了争议。有人说这给了那些因为工作、学习或者其他原因搬离家乡的人更多压力。 参考译文: A new national law introduced this week requires the offspring of parents older than 60 to visit their parents “frequently” and make sure their financial and spiritual needs are met.On Tuesday, Xinhua reported a news that a 77-year-old woman from Jiangsu city of Wuxi sued her daughter for neglecting her.In the first case after the new law came into effect, the local court ruled that her daughter must visit her at least twice a month and provide financial support.But the law’s introduction has proved controversial.Some say it puts too much preure on those who move away from home for work, study or other opportunities.

20.中国游客出境游

联合国下属机构世界旅游组织(World Tourism Organization)公布的数据显示，中国游客对全 球旅游业的贡献最大。中国人去年花 在出境游上的支出膨胀至 1020 亿美元，同 2011 年相 比增长了 40%。 联合国世界旅游组织在其网站上发布的一份声明中说，这一增幅令 中国 迅速超越德国和美国。后两者在之前是出境游支出最高的两个 国家。2012 年德美两国出境 旅游支出均同比增长 6%,约 840 亿美元。 参考译文: The figures from the United Nations World Tourism Organization show that Chinese travelers are making the most contributions to the global tourism industry.Chinese travelers spent a record $102 billion on outbound tourism last year, a 40% rise from 2011.That surge sent China screaming past Germany and the U.S.— the former No.1 and No.2 spenders, respectively 一 which both saw tourist outlays increase 6% year- on-year to around $84 billion in 2012, the UNWTO said in a statement on its website.

21.大学生就业问题

2008 全球经济衰退导致中国的新毕业生的就业市场显著下降。 2009 年毕业的学生将加入到 2008 年毕业仍在找工作的 300 万学生之中。毕业生过剩(glut)也可以归因于大学入学率的提高和教育机构的增加。 虽然大学的学生人数增加了， 但是他们的质量并没有明显地提高。 在大多数情况下， 毕业生无法在 2008 年找到合适的就业机 会是因为他们没有行业所需的技能。

The 2008 global receion resulted in a significant drop in the job market for China’s new graduates.Students graduating in 2009 will join around three million students who graduated in 2008 and are still seeking job opportunities.The graduate glut can also be attributed to a rise in the number of college enrollments and educational institutions.Although the number of college students has increased, there has not been any significant improvement in their quality.In most cases, graduates were unable to find suitable employment in 2008 because they did not have the skills required by the industry.

第18篇：四级翻译孝道

中国传统认为孝顺(filial piety)是我们在父母有生之年应该一直秉承的、最 重要的美德。成为孝子是任何一个中国人首要的责任，这意味着要尽可能完全服 从父母，关怀父母，不惜任何代价满足他们的需求。中国传统认为孝顺还有一些 其他特征，如父母过世后，长子需要一手操办葬礼；儿子必须确保家里的香火(family line)得以延续。

According to Chinese tradition，filial piety is the most important virtue to be cherished throughout one\'s parents\' lifespan.Being a filial child is the uppermost duty of any Chinese and it means showing complete obedience to parents，taking care of them，and meeting their demands at any cost as poible as one can.Chinese tradition takes a view that filial piety has some other features, too.For example，the eldest son is required to perform all the rituals after the death of his parents; the son has to ensure that the family line will continue.

1.中国传统认为孝顺是我们在父母有生之年应该一直秉承的、最重要的美德: “中国传统认为”可译为状语According to Chinese tradition; “在父母有生之年”即“在父母的一生中”，可译为throughout one\'s parents\' lifespan;秉承„的美德”意为“视„为美德”，这里的“视”含有“珍视”的意思，故可译为cherish; “美德”可译为virtue;整句可译为 According to Chinese tradition, filial piety is the most important virtue to be cherished throughout one\'s parents\' lifespan.2.成为孝子是任何一个中国人首要的责任，这意味着要尽可能完全服从父母, 关怀父母，不惜任何代价满足他们的需求:此句可译为一个并列句，用动名词短语作主语，即being a filial child;其中“完全服从”可译为 complete obedience； “关怀父母”可译为take care of them;“不惜任何代价”可译为at any cost； “满足他们的需求”可译为meet their demands。

3.如父母过世后，长子需要一手操办葬礼:“需要”可译为be required to; “一手操办”可译为perform all the rituals，因本句有“父母过世后”这句话，故“葬礼” 可以省去不译。

4.儿子必须确保家里的香火得以延续:“确保”可译为make sure或ensure; “家里的香火得以延续”是具有中国特色的表达，可以意译，意思是“家族血脉要继 续\' 可译为the fkmily line will continue。

第19篇：四级翻译练习

随着中国的改革开放，如今很多年轻人都喜欢举行西式婚礼。新娘在婚礼上穿着白色的婚纱，因为白色被认为是纯洁的象征。然而，在中国的传统文化中，白色经常是葬礼上使用的颜色。因此务必记住，白花一定不要用作祝人康复的礼物，尤其不要送给老年人或危重病人。同样，礼金也不能装在白色的信封里，而要装在红色的信封里。 改革开放：reform and opening up 西式：in western style 葬礼：funeral 祝人康复的礼物：gifts for patients 危重病人：critically sick patients 礼金：cash gift

With China’s reform and opening up, quite a number of youngsters would like to celebrate their weddings in western style.The bride wears a white wedding dre at the ceremony, as white is regarded as a symbol of purity.However, in traditional Chinese culture, white is a color that is often used in funerals.That’s why it’s neceary to keep in mind that white flowers must not be gifts for patients, especially not for the elders or critically sick patients.Similarly, the cash gift shouldn’t be packed in a white envelope, but in a red one.

在中国文化中，红色通常象征着好运、长寿和幸福。在春节和其他喜庆场合，红色到处可见。人们把现金作为礼物送给家人或亲密朋友时，通常放在红信封里。红色在中国流行的另一个原因是人们把它与中国革命和共产党相联系。然而，红色并不总是代表好运和快乐。因为从前死者的名字常用红色书写，用红墨水书写中国人名被看成是一种冒犯。 象征：symbolize signify

mean

represent 到处可见：can be seen/found everywhere

中国革命和共产党：Chinese Revolution and Communist Party 冒犯：offense

The color of red in Chinese culture usually symbolizes good luck, longevity and happine.Red can be found everywhere during Chinese Spring Festival and on other joyous occasions.Cash is often put in red envelopes and sent to family members or close friends as a gift.Its popularity in China can also be attributed to the fact that people aociate it with the Chinese Revolution and Communist Party.However, red does not signify good luck and joy all the time in that the name of the dead used to be written in red.Thus it is regarded as an offense to write the names of Chinese people in red ink.

第20篇：四级翻译中秋节

人们在农历八月十五日庆祝中国的传统节日-----中秋节。几千年来，中国人喜欢讲人的悲欢离合与月亮的阴晴圆缺联系起来。因为满月时圆的，象征着团圆，中秋节也被成为团圆节。所有家庭成员会尽力团聚在这特殊的日子里，而那些不能回家的人则观望明月，以寄思念。此外，月宫里美丽的仙女嫦娥的神奇故事看，也赋予了这一丰收节日以神话色彩。

Mid-Autumn Festival, one of Chinese traditional festivals, is celebrated on the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar calendar.For thousands of years, Chinese people like to relate joy and sorrow, parting and reunion to changes of the moon (as it waxes and wanes).Since the full moon is round, which symbolizes reunion, the Mid-Autumn Festival is also known as the festival of reunion.All family members try to get together on this special day, while those who can not return home try to watch the bright moonlight to send/expre their longing for their loved ones.In addition, this harvest festival is also given a mythological flavor with legends of Change-E, the beautiful fairy in the moon.

《四级作文翻译范文.doc》

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