陕西导游词(英语)
2020-03-02 07:26:27 来源：范文大全收藏下载本文
一．陕西秦始皇兵马俑英文导游词
The Museum of Terracotta Warriors and Horses Ladies and Gentlemen: Good morning.I‘m you local guide Theo.Now we are heading to the eighth wonder of the world –the Museum of Terracotta Warriors and Horses. The museum is located at the foot of Mt.Lishan, about 35 kilometers east of Xi‘an.There are three pits of warriors and horses and two bronze chariots have been found.The first pit was discovered in 1974 when several farmers were sinking a well.In order to protect this terracotta army, the Chinese government built a museum in 1975, and it was officially open to the public in 1979.The Museum of Terracotta Warriors and Horses was listed as the world heritage in 1987. Firstly, I will give you a brief introduction about the master of this underground army—the First Qin Emperor.His name was YingZheng.By 210BC when he was only 39 years old.He had annexed all the six independent states and established the first centralized autocratic feudal empire in the long history of china.As soon as he came to the throne, he ordered that a magnificent mausoleum should be built for him.He even gathered 700,000 conscripts from all parts of the country to work on his mausoleum.In fact, it took 37 years to complete this protect.And the site of these terracotta warriors and horses, we are going to visit, is just a small part of his mausoleum. Ok, now we are going to the pit 1.I‘m sure you will be astonished, as we‘ll face to the First Qin Emperor‘s Army.
We can see, Pit 1 takes an oblong shapes.It is 230 meters long, 62 meters wide and 5 meter deep.We will also find that the whole pit is divided into 11 corridors by 10 earth-rammed partition walls.The terracotta warriors and horses are arrayed in battle formation.Let‘s move on.In the long corridor to the east end of the pit stand three rows of terracotta warriors facing east in battle rode, 70 in each row.Armed with bows and arrows, they constitute the ventured.There is one row of warriors in the south, north and west of the corridor respectively, facing outward.They are probably the flanks and rear guard, holding crobows and arrows and other long distance shooting weapons.They took up the job of defending the whole army.There are over 6,000 terracotta warriors and horses, and most of them are infantrymen.According to these, we can get the answer that why the first Qin Emperor could annex all the six independent sates during 10 years. May be someone want to know how many kinds of the terracotta warriors and horses.Let‘s go to the pit 2 to find the result. Here now we arrived at pit 2.It covers an area of about 6,000 square meters.We can see that pit 2 is also under cover.You know, the warriors originally were painted in color, but today‘s technology is not enough to preserve very well.But according to research, pit 2 consists of 4 different mixed military forces in four arrays, including over 1,000 warriors, 500 chariots and horses. Next we can appreciate those warriors and horses closely.The warriors and horses is realism.Their height ranges from 1.78 to 1.98 meters, so we may find they are all vivid and true to life.Here are some actual weapons unearthed in those pit.Maybe you are confused, why we don‘t find weapons on the terracotta warriors in the pit.Because the pits were destroyed by a big fire, nobody knows who did it.Ok, next we will visit the pit 3. Pit 3 is located 25 meters to the north of pit 1, totaling about 520 square meters.There are 68 warriors and 4 clay horses, and only one kinds of weapon called ―Shu‖ has been discovered.This weapon is believed to be used by the guards of hones.Judging from the layout of pit 3, this is most likely the headquarters directing the mightily army.Everybody, next let‘s go to the exhibition hall of Bronze Chariots and Horses. Now we have arrived at the exhibition hall of Bronze Chariots and Horses.In 1980, two sets of large painted bronze chariots and horses were unearthed 20 meters west of the First Qin Emperor‘s Mausoleum.Though they had been seriously damaged when they were excavated, archaeologists and other experts restored them carefully. Chariots No 1 was named ―High Chariots‖.It is 1.55 meters high, 2.57 meters long.Chariots No 2 was named ―Security Chariots‖ or ―Air-conditioned Chariots‖, and is 1.06 meters high, 3.17 meters long.They are the largest bronze wares discovered in the history of the world.Both of those bronze chariots and horses were decorated with many gold and silver ornaments.According to research, the marking of them involves different techniques.It is in credible that the Chinese people could make such exquisite and bronze items over 200 years ago. All right, we have finished visiting the Museum of Terracotta Warriors and Horses now.Thank you! 二．华清池英文导游词 The Huaqing Hot spring Huaqing Pool is situated about 35 kilometres east of the city of Xi‘an.Historically, the Western Zhou dynasty saw the construction of the Li Palace on the spot.In the Qin dynasty a pool was built with stones, and was given the name Lishan Tang (the Lishan Hot Spring).The site was extended into a palace in the Han dynasty, and renamed the Li Palace (the Resort Palace).In the Tang dynasty, Li Shimin (Emperor Tai Zong) ordered to construct the Hot Spring Palace, and Emperor Xuan Zong had a walled palace built around Lishan Mountain in the year of 747.It was known as the Huaqing Palace.It also had the name Huaqing Pool on account of its location on the hot springs.
Huaqing Pool is located at the foot of the Lishan Mountain, a branch range of the Qinling Ranges, and stands 1,256 metres high.It is covered with pines and cyprees, looking very much like a like a dark green galloping horse from a long distance.So it has the name of the Lishan Mountain (Li means a black horse).
The Tang dynasty Emperor Xuan Zong and his favourite lady, Yang Gui Fei used to make their home at Frost Drifting Hall in winter days.When winter came, snowflakes were floating in the air, and everything in sight was white.However, they came into thaw immediately in front of the hall.It owed a great deal to the luke warm vapour rising out of the hot spring.This is the Frost Drifting Hall that greets us today.
Close by the Frost Drifting Hall lies the Nine Dragon Pool.According to legend, the Central Shaanxi Plain was once stricken by a severe drought in the very remote past.Thus, by the order of the Jade Emperor (the Supreme Deity of Heaven), an old dragon came at the head of eight young ones, and made rain here.Yet when the disaster was just abating, they lowered their guard so much that it became serious again.In a fit of anger, the Jade Emperor kept the young dragons under the Jade Cause Way (玉堤), with the Morning Glow Pavilion and the Sunset Pavilion built at both ends of it respectively, to make the young dragons spout cleat water all day long to meet the needs of local irrigation.Besides, he had the old dragon confined to the bottom of the Roaring Dragon Waterside Pavilion situated at the upper end of the Jade Causeway, and obliged him to exercise control over the young.
The Nine-Bend Corridor west of the Nine Dragon Pool leads directly to the Marble Boat, which resembles a dragon boat on the water surface.In the Marble Boat lies the Nine Dragon Tang (the Nine Dragon Hot Spring where Emperor Xuan Zong used to take baths).At the head of his court ladies and hundreds of his officials, he would come to the Huanqing Palace to spend his winter days in October of the Lunar calendar and return to Chang‘an City as the year drew to its close.The Nine Dragon Hot Spring was originally built with crystal jade, whose surface was decorated with the carvings of fish, dragons, birds and flowers.In it twin lotus flowers also carved with white jade could be seen as well.The spring water welled from the break of an earthen jar, and spouted up to the lotus flowers.Hence the name Lotus Flower Tang (the Lotus Flower Hot Spring).
The Gui Fei Bathing Pool was where Yang Gui Fei, Emperor Xuan Zong‘s favourite lady, used to take bath.It was originally built with white jade, and in its center a blooming flower spouted water like a spring.The pool looked very much like a Chinese flowering crabapple; Hence its name the Chinese Flowering Crabapple Hot Spring or the Lotus Hot Spring..
Lady Yang used to make a stay in this pavilion to see sights or to air her hair after a bath.Therefore, it was named the Hair Airing Pavilion.Whether the sun was rising or setting, the pavilion was aglow with sunshine; hence the name the Flying Roseate Pavilion.
Southwest of the Gui Fei Bathing Pool stands a brick-built pavilion.On its head three big Chinese characters ―Xi Jia Lou‖ (Fine Sunset-Bathed Pavilion)are inscribed according to the model of the most celebrated according to the model of the most celebrated Chinese calligrapher, Yu You Ren, here is the source of the spring water.
At this spa there are four hot springs.They have an hourly flow of 112 tons, and a constant temperature of 43°C.The spring water contains lime, sodium carbonate, sodium sulphate and other minerals, which makes it suitable for bathing and considerable treatment of quite a few diseases such as dermatosis, rheumatism, arthritis and muscular pain.The Fine Sunset-Bathed Pavilion marks the first source of the spring water, which was discovered some 3,000 years ago, roughly in the Western Zhou Dynasty.Its water flow averages 25 tons per hour.
Take up the steps east of the source of hot springs, you will gradually see the Five-Room Pavilion where Chiang Kaishek made a temporary stay during the Xi‘an Incident.
The Xi‘an Incident took place on December 12, 1936, and it is also known as the Double Twelfth Incident.After the Incident of September 18, 1936, the Japanese imperialists seized the three provinces northeast of China, and intensified their invasion of North China.This was the very moment vital to the Chinese nation.Yet Chiang Kaichek persisted doggedly in carrying out his reactionary policy ―domestic tranquility is a must for the resistance against Japanese invades,‖ and commanded the Northeast Army and Northwest Army, respectively headed by Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng, to attack the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region.Inspired by our Party‘s policy ―let us stop the internal war and unit to resist the Japanese aggreors,‖ those two generals made to Chiang Kaishek the proposal of forming a united front with the Communist Party for the resistance.Not only did he reject the proposal, but flew to Xi‘an to scheme the ―suppreion of the Communist Party.‖ And the slaughter of the patriotic youth.Out of patriotism, Zhang and Yang started the famous Xi‘an Incident.
Very early on the morning of December 12, 1936 the Incident was impending.Zhang Xueliang, together with Yang Hucheng ordered a squad of bodyguards to surround the Huaqing Pool.They fought a fierce battle there, and wiped out Chiang‘s bodyguards in one vigorous effort.The sound of firing came to Chiang Kaishek, and he was so terrified that he crept out of the window with his nightgown and slippers only.What‘s more, he hurt his spinal bone, and lost one of his slippers while croing over the back wall.He staggered up Lishan Mountain, and hid himself behind a stone in the crevice halfway on it.Those brave soldiers began to search the mountain immediately when they rushed into the Five-Room Pavilion to find that Chiang‘s hat and clothes were still there and that his quilt remained warm.In the end they found Chiang Kaishek, and thus escorted him to Xi‘an.
In order to avoid a civil war and try t establish a national united front for the resistance against Japan, Mao Zedong on behalf of the C.C.P.C.insisted on a peaceful settlement of the Incident.Therefore, a delegation headed by Zhou Enlai was sent to Xi‘an.Zhou Enlai and his suite did a large amount of work there, took everything poible into consideration, and ultimately forced Chiang Kaishek to accept the proposal by his two generals.On December 25, Chiang was freed, and flew back to Nanjing.The Xi‘an Incident was so peacefully settled.
The peaceful settlement of the Incident put an end to the internal war which had lasted for ten years, and accelerated the formation and development of the national united front for the anti-Japanese drive.Moreover, it showed that the co-operative relationships between the Communist and Nationalists arrived at a new stage.It marked a great turning point in modern Chinese history.
In the year of 1946 the KMT government had a ―National Rejuvenation Pavilion‖ built near the crevice where Chiang Kaishek had hidden himself in the Incident.It was also called ―Vital Energy Pavilion‖.After the national liberation it was renamed ―Catching Chiang Pavilion‖.Close by the pavilion stands a wooden board which carries a brief introduction to the Xi‘an Incident.Iron chains and rings in the crevices east of the pavilion, by which visitors can climb up to take a look at Chiang Kaishek‘s shelter.
Up the winding path east of the Five-Room-Pavilion you will catch sight of a bridge-like construction.It shines regularly with a myriad of evening sun rays both in summer and autumn, and looks very much like rainbow.So it has the name of the Hovering Rainbow Bridge.
Located on the Xixiu Ridge (the West Embroidery Ridge) of the Lishan Mountain, the remains of the beacon tower of the Western Zhou Dynasty seem easy to identify.
The beacon tower was mostly built at the top of the mountain to give border alarm in ancient times.It was constantly under special control.Once the enemies were preing on towards the border, the beacon tower began to take effect: it was made to smoke in the daytime while set on fire at night.
The story goes that Bao Si, Queen of the Western Zhou dynasty was highly honored, yet she never cracked a smile.King You tried many ways to put a smile on her face, but he failed over and over again.He ―called his court band to toll bells and beat gongs‖, and she pulled a long face.Then the band were asked to ―play the bamboo flute and strings‖ and she remained displeased.Afterwards, ―maids of honour served wine, festively singing and dancing,‖ and she did not let out a smile at all.
―You don‘t like music! What on earth are you fond of?‖ the King asked.
―I nearly have a liking for nothing.But I can still well remember I liked to give ear to the sound of tearing a piece of coloured silk when I was a child.It was clear and melodious,‖ she replied.King You said in excitement, ―That is very simple.How come you didn‘t let me know it earlier?‖
Thus he ordered the officially appointed property manager to offer coloured silk, and made fresh and energetic maids of honour to tear it into pieces.Hundreds of bolts of coloured silk were utterly torn, but Bao Si remained unmoved.
―Why didn‘t you let out a single smile then?‖ he asked.
―I have never smiled so far, ‖ the Queen replied.
The King tried over and over again, but failed repeatedly, and in the end he gave orders, ―Anyone both in and out of court who can amuse Bao Si will be awarded one thousand pieces of gold.‖
Afterwards Guo Shifu, a treacherous court official came and offered advice: ―Set the beacon tower on fire and fool your sovereign rulers.‖ That night the King and Queen reached the Lishan Mountain by carriage, and gave the order.In the split second the flames of the fire lit up the sky ad the sovereign rulers moved their troops immediately to the Lishan Mountain.There they found nothing but that the King and Queen enjoyed drinking festively.The King then dispatched his bodyguard to inform them that ―Everything should have been all right.I have just been joking with you.‖ When they got this, they looked at each other in blank dismay, and left disappointed.Sure enough, Bao Si burst into laughter, stroking her hands when she noticed all the troops come in vain and go noisily.Accordingly, Guo Shifu got a prize of one thousand pieces of gold.Later on King You did so more often than not.In 771 B.C.Quan Rong (a then minority tribe) staged an armed rebellion against the Western Zhou Dynasty.King You ordered urgently to set the beacon tower on fire, but all the sovereign rulers remained unmoved.Consequently King Yu was killed, and Bao Si was taken away.The Western Zhou dynasty vanished.Herein come the Chinese idiom ―A single smile costs one thousand pieces of gold‖ and ―The sovereign rulers are fooled by the beacon fire.‖ 三．陕西-西安大清真寺英文导游词 The Great Mosque at Huajue Lane
The Mosque is a major spot for religious activities of over 60,000 Moslems in Xi\'an, likewise, an important cultural relic protected by the Provincial People‗s Government.Unlike the Arabic mosques, with splendid domes, the minarets reaching into the clouds, the coulourful engraved sketches with dazzling patterns, the Mosque here in Xi\'an poees much Chinese traditional touch in both its design and artistic outlook; besides the style peculiar to Islamic mosques, this Mosque also holds characteristics of Chinese pavilions with painted beams and engraved ridgepoles.
However, any further discuion about the Mosque will be futile unle anything of the introduction of Islam into China is brought up.
Islam as a religious order was founded in the early period of the 7th century A.D.and was introduced to China in the mid-600s.At that time, Arabian merchants and travelers came to the northwest of China by way of Persia and Afghanistan and thus established diplomatic, trade, and military contacts with China.In the meantime, another route saw a batch of sea voyagers through Bangladesh Bay and the Malacca Strait to China\'s Guangzhou, Quanzhou, Huangzhou, Yangzhou and other cities where many of them settled down and married the local women who later gave birth to babies who then became Moslems.
However, maive immigration of the Moslems to China did not take place until as late as the early period of the 13th century, when Genghis Khan, as a result of his expedition against the west, had conquered vast expanses of land stretching from Central Asia to Eastern Europe, including the north of Iran.Many of the Moslems in the conquered areas were thus forced to enlist and later settled in China.
Among the enlisted many were soldiers, and some were smiths and officials who were called the Hui people in the history books on the Yuan dynasty.The Hui people later followed Kublai Khan down to the south, helping him unifying China and then establish the Yuan dynasty.In the wake of the conquest, Islam spread all over China and mosques began to appear everywhere.In the Yuan dynasty, many Moslems held positions both in the military and civilian organs of the country.And a lot of the Moslems took part in Zhu Yuanzhang\'s uprising in the early 14th century and made great contributions to the founding of the Ming Dynasty.Therefore, all the emperors of the Dynasty iued mandates to protect Islam, and to set up mosques in praise of the Moslems for their feats.In the early 16th century, Islam predominated Qinghai on the minority nationalities including the Huis, the Uygurs, the Kazaks, the Kirgizes, the Tajiks, the Tartars, the Ozbeks, the Dong Xiangs, the Salars and the Bonans.The Moslems in Xi‗an are mainly the Huis, being a small portion out of the ten million in China.
The Mosque at Hua Jue Lane is the largest in Xi\'an, and at the same time, it is also one of the earliest built on a comparatively large scale, and well preserved mosques in China.
According to ―the Stele on the Building of the Mosque‖, the mosque is said to be built in the Tang Dynasty.However, the architectural style of the mosque suggests a poible building dating back to the Ming Dynasty.The four courtyards of the mosque cover an area of more than 12,000 square meters, out of which about 4,000 are occupied by various structures.The still intact wooden front memorial gateway of the front yard, built at the turn of the 17th century, with glazed tiles on the top, spectacular corners and upturned eaves, is about 9 metres high, and has a history of about 360 years.The stone memorial gateway in the center of the second courtyard is flanked with a tail stele on either side with dragons carved on each, recording the repair work ever since the building of the Mosque.On the back of one of the steles are engraved characters by the master calligrapher Mi Fu, ―May Buddhism Fill the Universe‖, on the other, ―Royal -Bestowed‖by Dong Qichang, another master of the same art of the Ming dynasty.They are treasures in Chinese calligraphy.At the entrance of the third courtyard is an imperial built hall, where a ―month tablet‖, showing the calculation of the Hui Calendars in Arabic, is stored.It was compiled by a man in charge of the mosque called Xiao Mining in the early period of the Qing dynasty.A three –storeyed octagonal wooden structure called ―Retrospection Tower‖also stands in the center of the courtyard, which has the same function as the minaret in Islamic temples in Arabic countries, and which is a place from where orders were sent to call the Moslems to come to worship.Respectively, on the south and north wings of the tower, are a reception chamber and a Scripture Chamber, both elegantly laid out.The five wooden houses, which are called ―Water Houses‖in the southwest section of the Mosque are the place where the believers bathe themselves before they attend their services.And in side the fourth courtyard there is a structure called ―the Pavilion of Phoenix‖, a place where the worshipers used to wait for the services.The Pavilion, in fact, is a compound structure of three small buildings.The six-gabled structure of the central part, adjoining the two three-gabled buildings on each side looks very much like a flying phoenix, and hence its name.Just at the back of the Pavilion, there is a fishpond, beyond which is a platform occupying an area as large as 700 m2.Acro both ends of the platform stands the 1,300 square metered service hall, holding over a thousand worshipers at once.There are over six hundred sunk panels well as the sunk panels, are decorated with patterns of painted trailing plants and Arabic letterings.The imam leads his group of worshipers, while facing in the direction of Mecca, to chant in Koran and to pay their religious homage.
The Moslems in China share very much the same customs with their brothers and sisters elsewhere in the world.They worship five times a day: at dawn, at noon, in the afternoon, at dusk, and at night.Female worshipers attend their services in a separated place from their brothers, usually at home.Moslems pay special attention to their health and see that they always wear clean clothes.They are teetotalers not only of wine, but also of pork and animal blood for in Koran pigs have been mentioned four times as being ―unclean‖.According to Koran, a man can have four wives and women should wear veils when they go out.However, except a few places in Xinjiang, the Chinese practise monogamy and women are veile when they go out.Upon his death, a Moslem has to be ―thoroughly cleaned‖(thoroughly bathed), has to be put on ―Ke Fan‖(to be shrouded with a piece of white cloth) and has to be buried coffinle in the ground, with an imam reciting Scriptures at the funeral.
The Chinese constitution promulgates that freedom of religion of each citizen and freedom of preserving or reforming local customs for every nationality are permitted.And of course, the Moslems in China enjoy equal rights with peoples of other nationalities and their religious beliefs and customs are respected everywhere in the country.四．陕西历史博物馆英语导游词 Shaanxi History Museum Shaanxi History Museum is a state-level large-scale modernization of the museum is a magnificent Tang-style building, covers an area of about 70,000 square meters, construction area of over 50,000 square meters.It brings together the culture of Shaanxi, shows the development of Chinese civilization, Shaanxi Province in China in view of the history of the status of the state to invest a total of 144,000,000 yuan for the construction of the Shaanxi Museum of History, in June 1991 completion and opening. Flavor Architecture Museum, unique.It claical Chinese palace architecture and garden architecture closely together, coordinating colors, reflecting the traditional Chinese architectural style, at the same time with local characteristics and the spirit of the times.
Museum of Shaanxi Province unearthed antiques 113,000 (Group) showroom area of 1100 square meters, at the prehistoric, Zhou, Qin, Han, Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties and the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties most of the seven, the image display system from 115 Million years ago until the year 1840, Shaanxi\'s history.In Chinese history, there have been 11 dynasties established their capitals in Shaanxi Province and will last for 1,000 years, is the capital of China\'s most Dynasty, the longest of the capital region, from a certain point, the ancient history of Shaanxi is China\'s history Enrichment.
● features: Museum of Shaanxi Province in ancient China into the palace courtyard with the architectural style in one, dignified and elegant, generous simplicity, the layout of coordination, the great momentum, reflecting the ethnic and local characteristics, the Library has central air-conditioning, lighting systems, multi-purpose use Computer management system and the central control system.Heritage and the Treasury have modern languages with simultaneous interpretation function Hall.
● Shaanxi Museum of History of the Tang Dynasty architectural style succeion of powerful broad, dignified and elegant style, from traditional Chinese palace \"axis of symmetry, the master-slave in an orderly manner, the central hall, Si Yu Chong-floor,\" the layout of the form and at the same time the use of modern advanced technology to China\'s Sheng Tang period claical architectural style with modern requirements of the museum features combined into one, has managed to maintain the old style with modern features.The roof of the Tang Dynasty used the prevalence of gray green glazed tile, Wah Kwai appears to be a solemn, simple person, wall materials like asbestos tiles,Doors and windows are tinted using large pieces of gla and aluminum framework, the Library can be equipped with temperature and humidity control of the closed central air-conditioning system of multi-functional lighting systems, automatic fire alarm systems, computer-controlled management system; heritage with science and technology center With-the-art laboratory to test repair techniques and means of protection.To enhance cultural exchange between China, has computer-controlled and have 300,000 books in the library and 6-language simultaneous interpretation of international academic Hall.In addition, there are facilities for cultural relics libraries, library, shopping and so on.
● collections: the Museum\'s collection of historical relics unearthed in Shaanxi 370,000 fine, visitors can enjoy prehistoric, Zhou, Qin, Han, Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing from 115 million years ago to Year in 1840 between the Shaanxi Cultural Relics.
● Structure: galleries with a total area of 11,000 square meters, to display the basic points, and temporary exhibits on display feature three parts, on display ancient history of Shaanxi, Shanxi Bronze Exhibition, Shaanxi show the eence of ancient pottery and domestic Tangmu murals show the most real thing Attractive.
● into the hall of the museum, in the face of huge photographs to show people Pentium Miangen roar of the Yellow River and the vast loe plateau.This is the birth of the breeding history and culture of Shaanxi\'s geographical location.Shaanxi Yellow Earth\'s history is the history of civilization.Heads held high standing in the central hall of the giant lion is the symbol of civilization.Its grand design, the surging momentum, the beautiful stone, Hongik Univ of vision, called \"Eastern Lions in the first.\"This is the first in the history of Chinese stone lions from the only female Emperor Wu of Young\'s mother, Ling-shun.Ancient Chinese lion and the lion sculpture art from Afghanistan into Central Asia\'s strange romance with the immense depth of East Asia here so perfectly integrated into one, embodies the history and culture of Shaanxi tone.Nearly 1,500 m of exhibition by the basic line on display, special and temporary exhibits on display consists of three parts.Museum is located in the central up and down two floors to display the basic meta-historical relics unearthed in Shaanxi Province of the eence, the display of more than 3,000 pieces of rare treasures unearthed in Shaanxi from the hundreds of thousands of cultural relics selected from a number of precious cultural relics here from the public for the first time in World Bank, sub-prehistoric, Zhou, Qin, Han, Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties and the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties most of the seven, the image display system, from 115 million years ago by the year 1840, Shaanxi\'s ancient history, and a number of important people understand the Shaanxi Archeology The basic Han four Wadang God (Suzaku) diameter of 15.8 cm, 2 cm wide margin round, Shaanxi Han Chang\'an City ruins unearthed.Suzaku unloading the Pearl of the mouth, head Qiao Mei, the more dignified and powerful Meng, the sacred abnormal.Now in the poeion of the Shaanxi History Museum.五．大雁塔英文导游词 Big Wild Goose Pagoda As the symbol of the old-line Xian, Big Wild Goose Pagoda is a well-preserved ancient building and a holy place for Buddhists.It is located in the southern suburb of Xian City, about 4 kilometers (2.49 miles) from the downtown of the city.Standing in the Da Ci\'en Temple complex, it attracts numerous visitors for its fame in the Buddhist religion, its simple but appealing style of construction, and its new square in front of the temple.It is rated as a National Key Cultural Relic Preserve as well as an AAAA Tourist Attraction.
This attraction can be divided into three parts: the Big Wild Goose Pagoda, the Da Ci\'en Temple, and the North Square of Big Wild Goose Pagoda.
Big Wild Goose Pagoda
Originally built in 652 during the reign of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty (618-907), it functioned to collect Buddhist materials that were taken from India by the hierarch Xuanzang.
Xuanzang started off from Chang\'an (the ancient Xian), along the Silk Road and through deserts, finally arriving in India, the cradle of Buddhism.Enduring 17 years and traversing 100 countries, he obtained Buddha figures, 657 kinds of sutras, and several Buddha relics.Having gotten the permiion of Emperor Gaozong (628-683), Xuanzang, as the first abbot of Da Ci\'en Temple, supervised the building of a pagoda inside it.With the support of royalty, he asked 50 hierarchs into the temple to translate Sanskrit in sutras into Chinese, totaling 1,335 volumes, which heralded a new era in the history of translation.Based on the journey to India, he also wrote a book entitled \'Pilgrimage to the West\' in the Tang Dynasty, to which scholars attached great importance.
First built to a height of 60 meters (197 feet) with five stories, it is now 64.5 meters (211.6 feet) high with an additional two stories.It was said that after that addition came the saying-\'Saving a life exceeds building a seven-storied pagoda\'.Externally it looks like a square cone, simple but grand and it is a masterpiece of Buddhist construction.Built of brick, its structure is very firm.Inside the pagoda, stairs twist up so that visitors can climb and overlook the panorama of Xian City from the arch-shaped doors on four sides of each storey.On the walls are engraved fine statues of Buddha by the renowned artist Yan Liben of the Tang Dynasty.Steles by noted calligraphers also grace the pagoda.
As for the reason why it is called Big Wild Goose Pagoda, there is a legend.According to ancient stories of Buddhists, there were two branches, for one of which eating meat was not a taboo.One day, they couldn\'t find meat to buy.Upon seeing a group of big wild geese flying by, a monk said to himself: \'Today we have no meat.I hope the merciful Bodhisattva will give us some.\' At that very moment, the leading wild goose broke its wings and fell to the ground.All the monks were startled and believed that Bodhisattva showed his spirit to order them to be more pious.They established a pagoda where the wild goose fell and stopped eating meat.Hence it got the name \'Big Wild Goose Pagoda\'.
Da Ci\'en Temple
Da Ci\'en Temple is the home of Big Wild Goose Pagoda.In 648, to commemorate the dead virtuous queen, royalty ordered the building of a temple named \'Ci\'en\' (Mercy and Kindne), for which the status and scale far exceeded all others.Today, with an area of 32,314 square meters (38,648.5 square yards), one seventh of the original area, it still retains its grandeur.
Before the temple, there stands a statue of hierarch Xuanzang, the meritorious hierarch.Walking on and acro a small bridge, visitors will see the gates of the temple.With guarding lions, the temple seems stately for lions were said to function as talismans.
Entering the temple you will see two buildings-Bell Tower in the east and Drum Tower in the west.Inside the Bell Tower hangs an iron bell 15 tons (14.76 gro tons) in weight.It was molded in 1548 in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644).Along the central axis are arranged the Hall of Mahavira, Sermon Hall, Big Wild Goose Pagoda, and the Hall of Xuanzang Sanzang.In the Hall of Mahavira are three carved statues of Sakyamuni, and 18 arhats as well as Xuanzang.The Sermon Hall is where Buddhist disciples would listen to a sermon.A bronze statue of Amitabha is dedicated and a Buddha statue is collected by Xuanzang as oblation.The Hall of Xuanzang Sanzang is north of Big Wild Goose Pagoda.In this hall are Xuanzang\'s relic and a bronze statue of a seated Xuanzang.The inner wall is chiseled with murals depicting this hierarch\'s story.Renowned as the contemporary Dunhuang Buddhist storehouse praised by UNESCO, it is the biggest memorial of Xuanzang.
North Square of Big Wild Goose Pagoda
Surrounding Big Wild Goose Pagoda, the scenery is also quite charming, especially the square north of the Da Ci\'en Temple.Covering about 110,000 square meters (131563 square yards) plus 20,000 square meters (23920.6 square yards) of water area, it holds many records: in Asia, it is the biggest Tang-culture square, the biggest fountain and waterscape square, and the largest-scale sculptures area.In the world, it has the most benches, the longest light-belt, and the largest-scale acoustic complex.
The entire square is composed of waterscape fountains, a cultural square, gardens and tourist paths.There you can taste real Chinese culture and traditions and fully enjoy the truly attractive views.With reliefs on the theme of the prosperous Tang Dynasty, 200-meter-long (656-foot-long) sculpture groups, 8 groups of sculpted figures, 40 relievos on the land, and 22 styles of musical fountains, it has become a must-see when you visit Big Wild Goose Pagoda.六．西安碑林英文导游词
The Museum of Forest of Stone Tablets
Ladies and Gentlemen: Good morning.I am your local guide,Theo.Now we are heading to the treasure house of ancient calligraphy and stone carving art of China, the Museum of Forest of Stone Tablets .Are you ready? Ok let‘s go.
The museum is located at the site of Confucian temple in SanXue Street, Xi‘an.In 1950, the Confucian temple was extended into the museum that greets us taday.The museum covers an area of about 30,000 square meters.It was originally set up in 1087.Now over 3,000 stone tablets from the Han Dynasty through the Qing Dynasty are preserved.The numerous of tablets look like a dense forest, hence its name the ―forest of Stone Tablets.‖
Go into the temple, now we are on the bridge over pond in half circle which is special structure of Confucian temple, in the ancient time only those students who paed state examination would be allowed to paed here.Let‘s go through the stone gate in the middle that was only for high ranks in the past.So we will go through it, Ha! Net yard we can see two national treasures, on west side there is a stone horse which was one of few relics of DaXia short period；In the east pavilion there is the JingYun Bell which was casted in 711AD.The Bell has three aspects: the first, please look at it, it has exquisitely carving with phoenix, dragon; The second is unique epigraph; the third is beautiful sound which was records by CCTV and was played on New Year‘s eve to Welcome the New Year‘s coming.The whole area consists of three parts: Confucian temple and exhibition of stone tablets and gallery of stone sculptures.We have saw the Confucian temple just now.Next we are going to visit 7 major stone tablets exhibition rooms.In front of the first display room is the Tablet Pavilion specially built for the Claic on Filial Piety which is the largest and earliest one in the museum.It was engraved in 745AD and annotated by Li Longji The Claic on Filial Piety was a Confucian claic compiled by Zeng Shen ,a disciple of Confucius.The tablets is made up of four pieces of stone and a base under it ,therefore it is literally called the Stone-based Claic on Filial Piety.This way, please.The first display room houses the Kaicheng Stone Claics ,which is the most completed and heaviest books in the world.In the past copying was the popular way for students who study the doctrines.To prevent copying errors, Emperor Tang Wenzhong employed many sculptors to carve the 12 claic on stone tablets for the students to get the rubbings from them.With another claic ―Mencius‖ carved in Qing dynasty together we call ―13 claics‖.
Let‘s see the tablets of the second display room.The display room mainly houses the stone tablets of calligraphy written by famous calligraphers of the Tang Dynasty.The famous one is the Nestorian Tablet which was the first one in Syrian characters that records Nestorians.The third display room house the stone tablets that range from the Han dynasty to the Song dynasty.The bear a wide variety of Chinese script forms, including seal script, official script， regular script ,running script and cursive script.Now let me introduce the development of Chinese characters.From 21 to 11 century BC ,inscriptions carved on animals bones or turtle shell were called pictographic characters, which developed into the big seal script hundred years later .About 221 BC when Emperor Qin unified China , he ordered his minister Li Si to simplify the big seal script into small seal script.Based on that, New forms created: the regular script gained popularity in Sui and Han dynasty and become formal style in official documents and examination papers in Tang dynasty; running and cursive hand were also boldly used by some calligraphers at that time The rest display rooms house calligraphy and paintings, literatures and poems from different dynasties.Please visit them by youselves.The Gallery of stone sculptures
This gallery was built in 1963.It houses more than 70 stone sculptures of Shaanxi Province.These pieces of art claified into two groups: mausoleum carvings and religious carvings. Shaanxi is one of the places where many of nation‘s early stone sculptures and relics have been found.Those have large number of superb stone sculptures particularly from the Sui and Tang dynasties. For example, that is an outer coffin for Li Shou, a cousin of Emperor Gao Zu.It is made up of 28 black stones.And the six stone chargers which were regarded as rare treasures of art from Tang dynasty.They are sculpted in memory of the six chargers served the Tang Dynasty Emperor Li Shiming in constant wars. Now we came to the last section with both Buddhist and Taoist sculptures.The Buddhist sculptures in the gallery are all fine works of art in terms of style, figuration and workmanship. Ladies and gentlemen: I hope you have enjoyed my introduction to the Museum of Forest of Stone Tablets.Have a pleasant trip! See you! 七．法门寺
The Famen Temple Ladies and Gentlemen: Welcome to our Famen Temple Culture Scenery Region.It is located in Fufeng County, Baoji City of our Shaanxi Province, 120 kilometers from Xi‘an City.The whole place covers an area of 200 acres.It consists of Temple Gate Square, the Avenue of Buddhism Light, the Namaste Pagoda, he ancient Famen Temple and so on.The Temple Gate Square in the front looks very magnificent.It is linked with the Avenue of Buddism Light to the North, symbolling the proce from human being to Buddha.After we cro the Perfect Wisdom Gate, now here is the Avenue of Buddhism Light.It is the way to become into a Buddha.On th both side of it, there are many stone stakes caved with Buddhist scriptures and statues.According to the Metempsychosis of Buddhism, from this avenue to the Namaste Pagoda just like the proce from human being to the believer to Buddha.Here is the main building of Famen Temple Culture Scenic area, the Namaste Pagoda.It is in the shape of the Namaste of Buddha.The design of it represents the spirit of Buddhism, the World Peace.This Pagoda can be divided into two parts: building on the ground and underground palace.There are five floors on the ground.On the first floors, we can find the Sakyamuni Buddha, Baoshen Buddha and Yingshen Buddha.Together with many Bodhisattva, there are also the Four Heavenly Kings.The Underground Palace is the storage for the Remains of Sakyamuni.On the first day and 15th day of Chinese lunar calendar, they will move it to the Namaste Pagoda on the first floor to open it to the public.The middle of fifth floor is a Four –layer wooden tower in the Tang Dynasty style.The top of it is painted with numbers of Buddhism figures, make you fell like there are Buddhas everywhere.On the fifth floor, you can have a bird view of this area, the modern buildings and the old temple perfectly coexist.To the East of Remains Tower is the old Famen Temple area,.It covers 30,000 square meters.It consist of Shanmen, the real spirit pagoda, the Great Hall of Buddha and so on.Famen Temple was built in China‘s Eastern Han Dynasty, about 1,700 years ago.It enjoyed the reputation of being the ‗forefather of pagodas and temples in Central Shaanxi‘.The original name of temple was Asoka Stupa, and it was renamed as Famen Temple in 625AD in the Tang Dynasty.Famen means the initial approach to become a Buddhist believer.In the Tang Dynasty it was the royal temple and it covered over 165 acres, but now there is only one-24th of the original.In the Tang Dynasty, since Tang Emperor Taizong, they began to believe that enshrining the bone of Skyamuni wound bring riches and peace to the land and their people since, so about 8 Emperors had ever done this kind of worship 6 times in the Tang Dynasty.In 874AD, Tang Emperor Xizong put back the remains of Sakyamuni to the under palace with a lot of treasures and closed the closed palace forever.It was the last worship.In the Tang Dynasty it was built into a wooden pagoda in four-layers and it was rebuilt into 13-tiered octagonal pagoda with a hight of 46 meters after 30-year-‗s construction in the Ming Dynasty.In the August 24th, 1981, the western side of this pagoda fall off because of constant rainy season and become into the Chinese ‗Pisa Tower‘.In 1986 our Shaanxi government decided to rebuild this pagoda, they discovered the underground palace with many Buddhist statues and scriptures when were cleaning the foundation.The discovery of the underground palace made the Remains of Sakyamuni appear in this world again and the temple into a holy-temple of Buddhism all over the world.The Underground Palace is 21 meters long, 2.4 meters high and covers 31.84 square meters.The whole place can be divided into 7 parts: stairs, platform, corridor, front room, middle room, back room and secret che.The excavation of it began from the back room, there we discovered an eight-layered chest.Here we found 3 pieces of ‗Shadow bones‘ and a piece of real bone of Sakyamuni.Buddhism was founded in India in 600Ad.After the death of Sakyamuni the king of India wanted to spread Buddhism all over the world.So he divided the bones of Sakyamuni into 84,000 pieces, so 84,000 pagodas were built around the world.And this piece of real bone of Sakyamuni is the only one in the world.So all of them are looked as the holy thing of Buddhism.Beside of this, we also discovered Bodhisattva for the holding the Remains of Sakyamuni, the gold gilded monk‘s cane, the incense burner and so on.Meanwhile, we also discovered many relics about Chines tea, porcelain, silk and so on.Totally we found 2499 pieces of treasures, now all of them are exhibited in the underground palace of the Namaste Pagoda.OK! Everyone, that‘s all for this area, I hope you can enjoy your visit here.And next it‘s your turn, you may walk around by yourself.Thank you for your listening.
人人范文网 m.inrrp.com.cn 手机版