12月英语四级阅读练习及答案[定稿]

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Paage One

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following paage．

Thousands of years ago man used handy rocks for his surgical operations．Later he used sharp bone or horn, metal knives and more recently, rubber and plastic and that was where we stuck，in surgical instrument terms，for many years．In the l960s a new tool was developed，one which was，first of all，to be of great practical use to the armed forces and industry, but which was also，in time，to revolutionize the art and science of surgery,

The tool is the laser and it is being used by more and more surgeons all over the world，for a very large number of different complaints．The word“laser”means：light amplification by stimulated emiion of radiation．As we all know,light is hot，any source of light—from the sun itself down to a humble match burning—will give warmth．But light is usually spread out over a wide area．The Light in a laser beam，however，is concentrated．This means that a light with no more power than that produced by an ordinary electric light bulb becomes intensely strong as it is concentrated to a pinpoint-sized beam.

Experiments with these pinpoint beams showed researchers that different energy sources produce beams that have a particular effect on certain living cells．It is now poible for eye surgeons to operate on the back of human eye without harming the front of the eye，simply by paing a laser beam right though the eye-ball．No knives，no stitches，no unwanted damage—a true surgical wonder.Operations which once left patients exhausted and in need of long period of recovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable。So much more difficult operations can now be tried.

The rapid development of laser techniques in the past ten years has made it clear that the future is likely to be very exciting．Perhaps some cancers will be treated with laser in a way that makes surgery not only safer but also more effective．Altogether, tomorrow may see more and more information coming to light on the diseases which can be treated medically．

56．Which of the following is NOT a tool used for surgical operations before the 1960s?

A)Bone．

B)Metal knives．

C) Sciors．

D)Rubber and plastic．

57．The appearance of the laser in the l960s results in_____.

A)a complete revolution in the，science of surgical techniques

B) an end to pain brought by all diseases

C) medical help acceible to more common people

D) complete changes in man’s approach to surgery

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58．What is the reason mentioned in the paage that the laser beam is so strong?

A) It sends out light to cover a wide area．

B)It has many sources of light.

C) It is a highly concentrated beam of light．

D)The source of its heat comes from the sun.59．The author cites the example of eye surgeons to illustrate that

A) pinpoint beams have an extensive energy source

B) pinpoint beams with different sources have different effects

C) pinpoint beams have effects on living cells

D)pinpoint beams enable surgeons to do the most different operation

60．The rapid development of laser techniques means that

A) in another ten years we shall be able to cure cancer

B) we shall be capable of treating all the diseases

C) patients do not have to suffer any pain

D) surgery is likely to improve considerably

Paage Two

Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following paage．

Most people would agree that，although our age exceeds all previous ages in knowledge，there has been no corresponding increase in wisdom．But agreement ceases as soon as we attempt to define“wisdom” and consider means of promoting it．

There are several factors that contribute to wisdom．Of these I should put first a sense of proportion：the capacity to take account of all the important factors in a problem and to attach to each its due weight．This has become more difficult than it used to be owing to the extent and complexity of the special knowledge required of various kinds of technicians．Suppose，for example，that you are engaged in research in scientific medicine．

The work is difficult and is likely to absorb the whole of your mind．You have no time to consider the effect which your discoveries or inventions may have outside the field of medicine．You succeed(let us say)as modem medicine has succeeded，in enormously lowering the infant death—rate，not only in Europe and America，but also in Asia and Africa．This has the entirely unintended result of making the food supply inadequate and lowering the standard of life in the parts of the world that have the greatest populations．To take an even more dramatic example，which is in everybody’s mind at the present time：you study the makeup of the atom from a disinterested(无利害关系的)desire for knowledge，and by chance place in the hands of a powerful mad man the means of destroying the human race．

Therefore，with every increase of knowledge and skill，wisdom becomes more neceary, for every such increase augments(增强)our capacity for realizing our purposes，and therefore augments our capacity for evil，if our purposes are unwise．

61．Disagreement arises when people try to decide

A)how much more wisdom we have now than before

B)what wisdom is and how to develop it，

C)if there is a great increase of wisdom in our age

D)whether wisdom can be developed or not

62．According to the author, “wisdom” is the ability to______

A)carefully consider the bad effects of any kind of research work

B)give each important problem some careful consideration

C)acquire a great deal of complex and special knowledge

D)give suitable consideration to all the poible elements in a problem

63．Lowering the infant death-rate may____

A)prove to be helpful everywhere in the world

B)give rise to an increase in population in Europe

C)cause food shortages in Asia and Africa

D)raise the living standard of the people in Africa

64．The author uses the examples in the paage to illustrate his point that

A)it’s extremely difficult to consider all the important elements in problem

B)succe in medical research has its negative effects

C)scientists may unknowingly cause destruction to the human race

D)it’s unwise to be totally absorbed in research in scientific medicine

65．What is the main idea of the paage?

A)It is unwise to place the results of scientific research in the hands of a powerful mad man．

B)The more knowledge one has，the wiser one becomes．

C)Any increase of knowledge could lead to disastrous results without the guidance of Wisdom．

D)Wisdom increases in proportion to one’s age．

56．【解析】C。细节题。第一段前两句提到，数千年前，轻便的石头被用于外科手术中。之后，人类还使用了锋利的骨头或角、金属制的刀和塑胶。文中没有提到剪刀。故答案为C。

57．【解析】A。细节题。第一段最后一句提到，这种新的手术工具为外科医学带来了革命性的影响。故答案为A。

58．【解析】C。细节题。第二段最后一句提到，当一束普通的光聚集成针尖那么大小时，它的能量会非常强。故答案为C。

59．【解析】 B。细节题。第三段第一句提到，实验证明，来源不同的激光只会对某些特定的活细胞产生作用，即激光来源不同，作用也不同。文章接着就举出了眼科医生治疗眼睛的例子。故答案为B。

60．【解析】 D。推理题。最后一段提到，将来，激光技术的迅速发展也许能治愈某些癌症，也会使手术既安全又更加有效。由此可推知，医学有望大大进步。故答案为D。

61．【解析】B。细节题。文章开始作者提出大多数人对“our age exceeds all previous ages in knowledge，there has been no corresponding increase in wisdom．”这种看法

抱着一致的态度。第二句指出“„agreement ceases as soon as we attempt to define“wisdom”and consider means of promoting it．”，所以正确答案是B。

62.【解析】 D。语义题。本题询问“wisdom”在本文中的所指。文章的第二段中对“wisdom”下的定义是“the capacity to take account of all the important factors in a problem and to attach to each its due weight”。选项D的内容能够反映作者在文中所表达的观点。

63．【解析】C。细节题。本题询问的细节是：降低婴儿的死亡率可能会出现的情况’。根据文章第二段的描述，我们知道降低婴儿的死亡率可以同时导致“making the food supply inadequate and lowering the．standard of life in the parts of the world that have the greatest populations．”选择项C概括文中所涉及到的本题的内容。

64．【解析】 A。推理题。作者在第二段中用了两个例子都是为了说明一个主题，即如何理解“wisdom”的含义；第二段第二句对“wisdom”下了定义；第三句作者又阐述了自己的看法“This has become difficult than it used to owing to the extent and complexity of the special knowledge required of various kinds of techniques．”接下来的两个例子都是论证这一观点。选项A准确地表达了这一思想。

65．【解析】C。主旨题。根据文章的最终结论(即最后一段)可以推断本文的中心思想为：知识的增长还需要智慧的引导，否则会造成灾难性的后果。

《12月英语四级阅读练习及答案[定稿].doc》