六级培训翻译参考答案

Part VTranslation

Exercise 1

China lies in the east of Asia.it is a country which has the most population in the world.China is one of the four countries in the world with an ancient civilization.It has a vast territory with such abundant natural resources as dense forests, magnificent waterfalls, majestic and beautiful rivers and lakes, and mountains whose peaks reach high into the skies like swords.Besides, it contains historic remains of glorious Chinese antiquity.All these make China a singularly attractive place to tourists around the world.But, most importantly, China is poeed of a history of over five thousand years with innumerable historical relics left over from the long past, such as pricele pearls and jewels, historic sites and scenic spots, palaces and edifices of architectural richne, all of which have won people’s admiration.You are sure to find great enjoyment of all these attractions in China, a much-admired dream land.

Exercise 2

The traditional Chinese culture, both extensive and profound, starts far back and runs a long, long course.More than 2,000 years ago, there emerged in China Confucianism and Taoism, and many other theories and doctrines that figured prominently in the history of Chinese thought, all being covered by the famous term “the masters’ hundred schools”.From Confucius to Dr.Sun Yat-sen, the traditional Chinese culture presents many precious ideas and qualities, which are eentially populist and democratic.For example, they lay stre on the importance of kindne and love in human relations, on the interest of the community, on seeking harmony without uniformity and on the idea that the world is for all.Especially, patriotism as embodied in the saying “Everybody is responsible for the rise or fall of the country”; the populist ideas that “people are the foundation of the country” and that “the people are more important than the monarch”; the code of conduct of “Don’t do to others what you don’t want others to do to you”.

Exercise 3

Compared with people in most other Chinese cities, people in Guangzhou have quite high average income, and the number of well-to-do families in Guangzhou has been rising steadily.For this reason, it is very common for Guangzhou residents to eat out.Restaurants in the city are congested with diners all day round, as the people in Guangzhou seem to be keener on having good food than those in any other parts of the country.The locals like to have their “morning tea” in restaurants, where a large variety of dim sum is served from carts wheeled from table to table.Early on Sunday mornings, a lot of people in Guangzhou are up since 7 o’clock and are already chatting with friends over tea and breakfast in various restaurants.They even brought this habit with them when they went overseas.

Exercise 4

Despite its small size and moderate intensity, ping-pong is a sport that emphasizes endurance第48页

and reflexes.People of all ages and genders can play it on an equal ground.The sport is played indoors, so year-round competition and practice are poible.Ping-pong has undergone enormous evolution since it came into being, which has experienced many revisions of rules and seen an improvement of equipment as technology and playing styles changed.Such refinement only serves as evidence that ping-pong is indeed a full-fledged sport; comparable to any of the other claics we behold with reverence.

Exercise 5

Tsinghua University is regarded as one of the most renowned and most selective universities in China.The campus of Tsinghua University is situated in northwest Beijing, in Haidian District which is designated for universities.It is located on the former site of Qing Dynasty royal gardens and retains some Chinese-style landscapes as well as some traditional buildings, but many of its buildings are Western-style reflecting the American influence on its history.With one of the most beautiful campuses and the best engineering and applied science programs in China, it attracts the most talented students of the nation and occupies a position similar to Berkeley, MIT, and Stanford University in the US.

Exercise 6

Before the compa was invented, most people identified the direction at sea, only depending upon the position of the sun and stars.If it was cloudy or rainy, people would lose the direction in this way.It was the compa, invented by the Chinese people, that solved this problem.The compa is the instrument used for indicating direction.As early as the Warring States Period (475 BC-221 BC), the Chinese discovered that a magnet could be applied to indicate the south and north, and a direction-indicating instrument sinan was made on the basis of this feature.In the Song Dynasty, people created a proper compa called luopan.The invention of the compa had an epoch-making influence on navigation, thereby opening up a new era in the history of international navigation.

Exercise 7

The Tang Dynasty witneed a peak in Chinese culture.Especially for ancient poetry, it had its flowering in the Tang Dynasty.In more than 300 years of history in the Tang Dynasty, some 48900 poems were handed down and remain widely known today.So many works also made more than 2300 poets famous in history.As far as the writing technique is concerned, the Tang poetry combined realism and romanticism.In form, poetry of the Tang Dynasty contained four-line and eight-line verse with five or seven characters in each line.Moreover, “modern style” poetry, which is regular and polished, also appeared in the Tang Dynasty.The best-known poets of the Tang Dynasty were Li Bai and Du Fu, who are very prestigious in the whole world.Therefore, people of later generations have praised both of them as “Li Du” collaboratively.

Exercise 8

The Great Wall of China, one of the greatest wonders of the world, was enlisted in the World Heritage by UNESCO in 1987.Just like a gigantic dragon, the Great Wall winds up and down acro deserts, gralands, mountains and plateaus, stretching approximately 6,700 kilometers from east to west of China.The Ming Wall is the solidest and most complete one compared with walls in other dynasties.The Ming Dynasty drew the experience from the previous dynasties when they built the wall.More important military fortifications were added on the wall.In flat areas, outside the wall, wide moats were dug to make approach difficult.As we all know, the Great Wall is the treasure of China.It embodies the great systems of defense created during the time of the wars; moreover it indicates a great achievement in the history of architecture.

Exercise 9

Westerners have linked the country of China with porcelain since a long time ago, because the technique of manufacturing porcelain was originally invented in China.Porcelain was developed on the basis of pottery.If calculated from the appearance of the primitive porcelain in the Shang Dynasty, it has a history of about 3000 years.The techniques of manufacturing porcelain have developed rapidly since the Eastern Han Dynasty.Famous kilns producing porcelain products with unique features and new pottery and porcelain varieties constantly came forth in subsequent dynasties.Chinese porcelain wares are not only daily handy neceities, but also precious arts and crafts.From the Han and Tang dynasties, Chinese porcelain wares and their manufacturing techniques gradually spread all over the world.Today, China continues to create new varieties of precious porcelain.

Exercise 10

Beijing Opera is the most popular and influential opera in China with a history of almost 200 years.In the course of its formation, it aimilated the best from many other local operas and was affected by Beijing local dialect and customs.Though Beijing Opera originated from Beijing, it is not a localized opera exclusive to Beijing only.What are staged today are primarily three types, namely, traditional Beijing Operas, newly composed historical ones and modern ones.Beijing Opera, as the national opera, enjoys a high reputation both inside and outside China.Many famous opera actors and actrees have frequently been invited to perform abroad and have been highly appreciated by foreign audiences.

Exercise 11

The 15th day of the eighth lunar month is China’s traditional Mid-Autumn Festival.On that day, the Chinese have the custom of admiring the moon and eating moon cakes.In autumn, it is fine and cool; with few floating clouds in the sky and the moon at night seems particularly bright.This is especially true on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month.Since people consider the full moon as the symbol of reunion and satisfaction, the festival is also called the Festival for Reunion On the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival, the whole family will sit together to admire the moon and eat moon cakes, filled with happine for the bumper harvest and a family reunion.At that time, people far away from hometown will also look up at the moon and mi their hometown and

family.

Exercise 12

Siheyuan is the most important form of Chinese traditional residential house.It is great in number and wide in distribution, popular among the Han, Manchu, Bai, and some of other minority groups.Most of the houses are of wood framework.The principal room is built on the south-north axis, and two wing rooms are located on both sides of it.The family elders live in the principal room and wings are the bedrooms for the younger generations.Women live in the inner yard.Guests and male servants live in the outer yard.This distribution is in accordance with the feudal regulations.Siheyuan spreads over towns and villages throughout China, but each developed its own characteristics as a result of respective natural conditions and different ways of life.Siheyuan in Beijing is the most representative.

Exercise 13

Dragon dance is a form of traditional dance and performance in Chinese culture.It originated during the Han Dynasty and was started by the Chinese who had shown great belief and respect towards the dragon.It is believed to have begun as part of the farming and harvest culture, also with origins as a method of healing and preventing sickne.The dragon dance was already a popular event during the Song Dynasty.Dragon dance is an important part of the Chinese culture and tradition.It has spread throughout China and to the whole world and become a special performance of arts in the Chinese physical activities.It symbolises good luck and prosperity in the year to come for all the human beings on earth.

Exercise 14

The Chinese Knot is an ancient art form and the artifacts could be found as far back as 100 000 years ago.Chinese people used knots for more than just fastening, wrapping, hunting, and fishing.Knots were also used to record events, and some knots had purely ornamental functions.The Chinese Knot has cultural connotations.Since knot is pronounced as “jie” in Chinese similar with that of “Ji’, which means bleing, good salary, longevity, happine, fortune, safety and health and is the everlasting pursuit of Chinese people, some Chinese Knots expre people’s various hopes.For example, the room of newlyweds is usually decorated with a Pan-Chang Knot to symbolize eternal love.

Exercise 15

Admittedly, there is rarely any other technological invention having such a great impact on our life as the invention and revolution of television.It is a kind of electric audiovisual media and a source of abundant information, which gives people easy acce to various live reports about games, concerts, and affairs occurring all over the world, as well as a vast variety of special programs, such as programs about worldwide scenery, custom and culture, the spectacular sight in mysterious seafloor and coloal cosmos, etc.All of them enrich our life and broaden our

knowledge to a significant degree.

全真试题一

Part IVTranslation

Chopsticks, with a history of thousands of years, are a wonder of Chinese dining utensils.Chopsticks are the dining utensils most frequently used in Chinese people’s daily life.When the Chinese began to use chopsticks as an eating instrument is anybody’s gue.They were first mentioned in Liji (The book of Rites), a work compiled some 2,000 years ago.Chopsticks may be made of any of several materials: bamboo, wood, gold, silver, ivory, tin, and plastics.They may be either round or square in cro-section.Some of them are engraved with coloured pictures or calligraphy for decoration.Ordinary chopsticks used in Chinese homes are of wood or bamboo, those for banquets are often ivory, whereas gold ones belonged only to the ancient royalty and aristocracy.

全真试题二

Part IVTranslation

The fifth day of the fifth lunar month is a traditional Chinese folk festival — the Dragon Boat Festival, which is also called the “Festival of the Fifth Month”.On that day, people eat zongzi and hold dragon boat races.It is said that these activities are to commemorate the great patriotic poet Qu Yuan in ancient China.Qu Yuan lived in the State of Chu in the Warring States Period (475-221 BC).He maintained that Chu’s policies should be reformed.Later, when he heard the news that Qin had defeated the State of Chu, he was very grieved, and he drowned himself in the Miluo River.In order not to let the fish and shrimps eat the corpse, people threw food into the river to feed them.Thereafter, on each fifth day of the fifth lunar month, people would throw food into the river.Thus the custom of eating zongzi and staging dragon boat race was formed.

Model Test 1

Part IVTranslation (30 minutes)

Folk art is a general term for all kinds of talking and singing arts.It derived from oral literature, the talking and singing performances of ancient people.It refers primarily to storytelling accentuated by body movements to tell stories, expre feelings and reflect the social conditions.The most popular type of folk art is comic dialogue.The Chinese comic dialogue is a kind of folk art with the “comic” dialogue as the main form of performance.It evolved on the basis of ancient folk jokes.Comic dialogue of today originated in Beijing and Tianjin over a century ago.Most of the comic dialogue stories come from daily life.

Model Test 2

Part IVTranslation

Chinese New Year is the most important traditional Chinese holiday.In China, it is also

known as the Spring Festival.New Year celebrations run from Chinese New Year’s Eve, the last day of the last month of the lunar calendar, to the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first month.Customs and traditions concerning the celebration of the Chinese New Year vary widely from place to place.However, New Year’s Eve is usually an occasion for Chinese families to gather for the annual reunion dinner.It is also traditional for every family to thoroughly clean the house in order to sweep away ill fortune and to bring in good luck.And doors will be decorated with red couplets with themes of health, wealth and good luck.Other activities include lighting firecrackers, giving money in red envelopes, and visiting relatives and friends.

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