英语好词好句
2020-03-01 19:40:03 来源：范文大全收藏下载本文
anthropologist 人类, archeologist 考古, biochemist 生物化学, geologist 地质, linguist 语言, astronomer 天文, psychoanalyst 精神分析， philosopher 哲学家 1.
counterproductive adj.产生相反效果（结果）的e.g.It is counterproductive tobe too tough: it just makes the staff resentful.e.g.Althoughthe speaker overlooks certain circumstances in which undue skepticism might becounterproductive, and even harmful, on balance I agree that weshould not paively accept whatever is paed off as fact; otherwise,human knowledge would never advance.2.
seminal adj.萌芽的，潜在的；开创性的；有重大影响的e.g.in the seminal state （在萌芽状态）|| seminal thoughts || seminal principle（基本原则）
e.g.a seminal book/poet || Thisexperiment was to have a seminal influence on his own political development.3. forgo v.放弃 (The choice to forgo his security is always available, althoughit might carry unpleasant consequence) 4. intuition n.直觉 （I will trust my strong intuition that free will is aneential part of our being as humans.）
5. satisfy v.证明是正当的，公证的；为…寻找正当理由e.g.Such action can be justified onthe grounds of greater efficiency.e.g.In the finalanalysis, government cannot philosophically justify aisting large cities forthe purpose of either promoting or preserving the nation\'s cultural traditions;nor is government aistance neceary toward these ends.6.
resort to … 诉诸…
e.g.no neceity to resort to violentactions such as demonstration, riot or rebel.conduce 7.
hinge on … 以…为转移，靠…转动e.g.The claim that society’s destinyhinges on how children are socialized, while appealing in some respects, is anover-statement at best.8.
at best 最多，充其量；以最乐观的观点来看 9.
collaborate to …
e.g.For example, scientists,researchers, and even computer programmers must collaborate to establishcommon goals, coordinate efforts, and meet time lines.10. lend some credence to … 提供支持e.g.While our everyday experience might lendcredence to this aertion.e.g.Recent advances in molecular biology and genetics lend some credence tothis position, by suggesting that these determining physical forces include ourown individual genetic makeup.11. dimension n.大小；体积；程度；范围e.g.a creature of huge dimensions.|| I did not realize the dimensions of the problem.e.g.There is a dimension to the problem that we have not discued.||various dimensions of human experience.12. detractor n.损毁者；贬低者
13. amount to … 相当于；等于e.g.What you say amounts to adirect accusation.e.g.Even where a fiction work amounts to pure fantasy, with nohistorical context, it can still hold more lasting significance than a factualaccount.14.fruit
ion n.享用, 结果实, 成就, 实现e.g.It is the famous few that providevision of the future, visions which groups then bring to fruition.e.g.bring one\'s plans to fruition || After years of hard work, his hopes cameto fruition.reap v.收获；收割 （The consumer reaps rich rewards from this competitivespirit.）
15. inspire v.激励或鼓舞e.g.To begin with, learning about keyhistorical figures inspires us to achieve great things ourselves --- farmore so than learning about the conditions of groups of people.16. provide neceary impetus for … 给与…动力e.g.It is almost always a keyindividual who provide the neceary imputes for what otherwise might bea group effort, as discued below.17. favor v.赐予；给与e.g.He was favored with greatintelligence.|| adduce facts to favor one’s contention.18. paradigm n.样式；典范；范例 （educational paradigms）
19. obscure v.使阴暗；使朦胧e.g.Generally speaking, then, undueattention to the efforts and contributions of various groups tends to obscurethe cause and effect relationship with which the study of history is chieflyconcerned.20. take steps to … （take step to help alleviate social problems） 21. serve useful purposes for …
e.g.I agree insofar as some commoncore curriculum would serve useful purposes for any nation e.g.immediate disclosure would have served no useful purpose and mighteven have resulted in ma hysteria.22. nascent adj.初生的 （in a nascentcondition/stage/state || a nascent industry/ literature/art） 23. reach a （fully informed） consensus as to …对于达成共识 24. unfettered adj.除去脚镣的；自由而不受约束的
25. irrespective of whether … 无论如何e.g.While we must invest in research irrespectiveof whether the results might be controversial.26. draw a distinction between … （One useful approachis to draw a distinction between personal morality and public morality）
27. catalyst n.催化剂；刺激因素e.g.circumstance often serves as acatalyst for heroism.28. account for …解释原因e.g.This combination of very highdensity of population, goods and services, and machines, allincreasing withalmost brutal speed, does account for some really antisocialtendencies in modernurban growth.29. proviso n.限制性条款；（附带）条件e.g.Thecarpenter agreed to do the work, with the proviso that he was paid inadvance.e.g.Aside from the two forgoing provisos, however, I fundamentally disagreewith the speaker’s claim.
30. conversely adv.相反的 （They hold converse opinion || Without knowledge, we can hardly survivethrough abominable conditions, depending solely on the admiration of the beingsderived from imagination.Conversely, without imagination, we can as well notpoible to get through due to the impediment of knowledge and the depletion ofspiritual asylums.）
31. core values upon which any (democratic ) society depends to thrive.一个社会赖以繁荣的价值核心 32. be superior (in …) to … 比更好，更优秀e.g.this engine is superior in every respect to that.|| whenever moving images are central toan event the video camera is superior to a written word.33. proceeding
n.行动, 进行,会议录, 学报 （legal proceeding || governmental proceedings）
34. thwart v.反对；妨碍；挫败e.g.thegovernment’s strategies for thwarting specific plans of an internationalterrorist or a drug trafficker.35. public panic 公众恐慌
36. unprecedented adj.空前的，史无前例的 （the society is changing at a speed which is quite unprecedented）
37. inexorable adj.不可阻挡的；坚持不懈的；无情的 （Facts are inexorable || the inexorablemarch of science）
38. Science is on the march.|| the marchof science/events/time 39. make great effort 努力； make every effort 尽一切努力；overcome a myriad of politicalimpediments克服政治障碍
40. a myriad of 无数，数不清 （Each galaxy contains myriad of stars）
41. while parochial social problems gounsolved.|| mitigate(缓和) the problems || addre preingsocial problems 42. take precedence over …
e.g.This interest might takeprecedence over the historic value of an old structure that stands in theway of a parking structure.43.
strike a balance among competing interest 44.
serve as asubstitute for
…取代… be superseded by 代替；取代
e.g.Pragmatic behavior guarantees survival, whereas idealistic views tend to besuperseded by simpler, more immediate options.45.
源自于：emerge from … （in every age andculture some worthwhile art and literature emerges from the mediocrity.）
stem from … （prevailing attitudes about sexualmorality stem from the ideas of key religious leaders） spring from…
e.g.this desire toidentify oneself with an exclusive social group seems to spring fromsome innate psychological need to define one\'s self through one\'s personalaociations.46. 坏影响；负面影响：
detrimental effects of … （In politics, the detrimentaleffects of competition are blatant.） negative/adverse effects on/to 47.
名人notablefigures celebrity elite personality （television personalities）
48.
普遍；普及prevailing adj.普遍的；流行的；占优势的 （the prevailing view in Westerncorporate culture || prevailing principle） popular adj.prevalent
adj.（The habit of traveling by aircraft is becoming more prevalent eachyear.）
49. 灌输；教育instill
v.（Courtesy must be instilled inchildhood || Morality may be instilled into their minds）
inculcate v.（inculcate the young with a sense of duty.）
impart
v.（A good teacher imparts wisdomto his pupils.）
foster
v.养育, 抚育, 培养, 鼓励（Frequent cultural exchange willcertainly help foster friendly relations between our two universities.|| detect and foster artistic talent.|| to foster an interest inmusic）
nurture v.养育, 给与营养物, 教养 （While the speaker might overlook thebenefits of nurturing certain emotions and feels, on balance I agreethat …）
50.
充满；装满be ladenwith … （History is laden with unusualclaims || be laden with responsibility） be replete with …
（Modern politics is replete with examples of what most people wouldconsider personal ethical fallings）
be fraught with …
(a complexiue that is fraught with the problems of defining ethics, morality,and succeful leadership）
51.
癖性；偏好idiosyncratic
adj.特性的；癖性的 （Given a choice they will pursue theirown idiosyncratic area of interest.）
inclination n.（follow one\'s own inclination || I have no inclination to be a doctor.） 52.
若干重；若干刃
a double-edged sword 双刃剑e.g.This type ofadvertisement can be a doubt-edged sword, when the product does not make theperson “be like” the person in the advertisement, there can be disappointmentand disillusionment with the product.a two-edged weapon 双重武器e.g.As is sooften pointed out, knowledge is a two-edged weapon which can be used equallyfor good or evil.twofold/threefold/manifold adj.双重/三重/多种e.g.We have toask ourselves very seriously what will happen is this twofold use of knowledge,with its ever-increasing power, continues.e.g.The City Council has a manifold plan to beautify the city.53.
have little bearing on … 与…无关e.g.Moreover,aisting large cities would have little bearing on our distinctcultural traditions, which abide elsewhere.with respect to…
关于e.g.Personaleconomic succe might be due either to one\'s investment strategy or to one\'swork or career.With respect to the former, non-conformists with enoughrisk tolerance and patience invariably achieve more succe than conformists.Withrespect to the latter, while non-conformists are more likely to succeed innewer industries where markets and technology are in constant flux, conformistsare more likely to succeed in traditional service industries ensconced insystems and regulations.54.
先天的，天生的innate
adj.先天的, 天生的 （Correct ideas are not innate in the mind, but come fromsocial practice.） [O] acquired
adj.后天习得的
inborn
adj.天生的 （an inborn sense ofthe appropriate || inborn intelligence）
55. 利用；有益于conduce to 有助于e.g.encouraging students to questionand criticize is conducing to the development of democratic spirits.be beneficial to …
e.g.A national core curriculum would be beneficial to a nation in anumber of respects.harne v.利用e.g.The dilemma facing leadersin all areas of life is how to best ae these individuals to determine howto best harne heir capabilities to reach their ultimate productivecapabilities.take advantage of …
make its contribution to … 56. 消除；减轻
eliminate v.排除，消除（eliminate the false and retain the true || eliminate thepoibility of= preclude the poibility of）
diminish
v.使减小，使变少（diminish one’s reputation || diminish the cost of production）
undermine
v.破坏，削弱 （formal study of thepresent culture at the expanse of studying past cultures can underminethe function of higher education, and ultimately provide a diervice tostudents and to society.） 57. 恶化；加剧
exacerbate v.恶化, 增剧, 激怒, 使加剧, 使烦恼e.g.Thisproblems would only be exacerbated were these decisions left exclusivelyto federal regulators.e.g.a speech that exacerbated racial tensions || a heavy rainfall that exacerbatedthe flood problems.aggravate v.58. 过度；过分
exorbitant
adj.过度的；过高的 （exorbitant rents || exorbitantly expensive || exorbitant amount of money） undue
adj.过度的；过分的 （apply undue preure to make s.b.change his mind） overemphasize v.59.
导致、造成pose 引起某事物，造成，提出e.g.Winter posesparticular difficulties for the elderly.e.g.However, a common curriculum that is also an exclusive one would posecertain problems.render v.致使，造成e.g.Your actionhas rendered our contract invalid.e.g.This trend renders a society’s members more vulnerable todemagoguery.breed v.导致；造成e.g.The speakerunfairly suggests that large cities serve as the primary breeding groundand sanctuaries for a nation’s cultural traditions.
e.g.Dirt breeds disease.|| Unemployment breeds social unrest ( 社会不安定 ) .burgeon v.迅速发展；发芽 （burgeoning cities || burgeoning Internet commerce）
outgrowth n.长出, 派出, 结果, 副产物e.g.A thirduniquely contemporary problem is an outgrowth of the inexorable advancement ofscientific knowledge.e.g.Inflation is an outgrowth of war.60.
探求、努力： seek to …探求，寻求
e.g.One compelling argument in favor of a global university has to do with thefact that its faculty and students would bring diverse cultural and educationalperspectives to the problems they seek to solve.strive to …努力e.g.studenthould strive to excel in the specific requirements of their major course ofstudy probe
v./n.探求，探查
e.g.probe a matter to the bottom e.g.Does his/her cultural background allows him/her to freely probe theintricacy of the work? e.g.Even in his philosophical probinghe cannot go behind these stereotypes; his veryconcepts of the true and the false will still have reference to his particulartraditional customs.61.
资助、赞助：subsidize
v.资助, 津贴 （Subsidizing cultural traditions is not a proper role of government.）
patron
n.资助人；赞助人 （cultural patron） on the patronage of … e.g.culture has always depended primarily on the patronage ofprivate individuals and businees.under the auspices of …
e.g.During this period, on significant scientific advances occurred underthe auspices of the government.62.
增强、提高escalate
v.增强提高 （the escalating cost of addreingthese problems） enhance/ promote/ augment / elevate
v. （… was elevating their notion about …） 63.
方法、途径：
avenue n.大街, 方法, 途径, 路 （an avenue to succe） approach
n.64.
ostensible adj.表面上的e.g.Today\'shigh-tech firms seem compelled to boldly go to what effort is required todevise increasingly complex products, for the ostensible purpose ofstaying ahead of their 65.
获得；达到 ||||角度；方面 ||| 短暂/长远 ||| 危险；危害 |||| 分配 ||||最后地；最终地
acquire/gain/attain/achieve |||| angles/aspect/facet/side/respect ||||transient, ephemeral / enduring, permanent |||| menace, jeopardize, imperil,endanger |||| allocate/ distribute/ aign |||| eventually/ultimately
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