高考英语作文指导——_议论文
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高考英语作文指导—— 议论文
1.引言段 高考英语议论文的引言可以有两部分组成：现象+观点。
现象就来自作文题目。所以学生必须要理解题目中的每句话，把题目中的中文用英语表达出来就能成为不错的开篇。然后再开门见山地亮出自己的观点。
2.主体段
① 引证法(即引用一些名人名言、成语、格言、谚语灯作为论据)；
② 例证法(即举例来进行论证 )
③ 喻证法(用比喻的方法来论证事理，把深奥、抽象的事理表述得浅显易懂，使文章既生动又形象 ) ④ 对比论证法(通过对事物的正反两个方面的对比来分析论证，使文章的表达效果更强烈，给人留下深刻印象 )
⑤归纳法 (从分析典型，即分析个别事物入手，找出事物的共同特点，然后得出结论。) ⑥推理法 (从一般原理出发，对个别事物进行说明、分析，而后得出结论)
⑦ 驳论法 (先列出错误的观点，然后加以逐条批驳，最后阐明自己的观点)。
在主体段中，务必要牢记应采用先总后分的手法——先亮出主题句，然后再用发展句充实段落。你必须围绕着引言段的观点展开，千万不能让人觉得的的文章段落之间没有衔接。
此外，在主体段中要恰当地使用过渡词，有明显的层次感，引领阅读者一层一层地根据你的分论点走向最终你要阐述的观点。
3.结尾段
结论，用
一、二句话来结束文章，做到首尾呼应。一定要再次澄清你的观点，切记与引言段的观点一致，建议用不同的词句法表达一个意思。
(四)、英语议论文范文
Private Tutors
With the development od science and society, more and more students are keen to take on private tutors.Some people think taking on a private tutor is good for students in some ways.The tutor can answer the students’questions individually and carefully and give them detailed advice; some private tutors aign their students more exercises to do and the students will learn extra knowledge from their tutors; it is known to us all that a good and experienced teacher can help his students to review their leons in a very good way so that they can have a better understanding of the knowledge learned in cla, which is help to them in their examinations.
But every coin has two sides.Some people look upon it with disapproval.They hold the opinion that the students rely too much on their tutor and they even take little notice of what their own teacher says in cla; the private tutor aigns them to do a lot of extra exercises, thus occupying plenty of rheir spare time and they will be too worn out;contrary to what their parents hope, their studies become worse than before.
So it is hard to say whether taking on a private tutor is good or not.It all depends on the individual.But in my opinion, if you want to take on a private tutor, you should choose one carefully since he or she will have a great impact on your studies.
Money for Education
In my opinion, it is worthwhile to spend more of the money in order to have the children better educated.First, as there are more than 40 or even 50 students in a cla, in most cases,teachers can not take care of all the students in cla.Therefore many students have to attend spare time claes or even go to the tutors to make up for this.
stSecond, we are now in the 21 century.With the development of society, only those who have a good education
are more likely to get good jobs.So the more we learn now, the more chances we will have in the future.Of course we will get a high pay.
In a word, spending money on education is certainly rewarding.
III.Post-task( Each composition 120-150words)
请你谈谈在学习上遇到困难时，如何想办法去解决，如何克服这些困难？
IV.Sentence patterns: The point is that….
From my point of view…
As for me…
As far as I am concerned…
We must recognize that…
There is no doubt that…
The main reason is that…
As we all know…
V.Summary:
VI.Aignment: ( Each composition 120-150words)
1.每一位高三的学生都面临着巨大的压力。对压力，高三的学生看法不一，有的害怕压力；但有的却认为压力不是件坏事。请你谈谈你的看法。
2 .2010年世博会将在上海举行。为了办好这次国际盛会，上海市将进一步改善环境。与此同时， 提高市民的素质和修养也势在必行，因为文明的举止在国际交往中非常重要。作为年轻人，我们自身也存在着一些不文明行为。请例举你所观察到的2-3种不文明行为（如：大小便后不及时冲刷；随地乱扔纸屑、废物；随地吐痰；插队…）并就此做出评论或提出建议。
Feed-back
高考英语书面表达常用词汇句型集锦
▲举例：for example，for instance，take…for example，such as，like，and so on，so on and so forth，and so on and on and on， etc.等。
▲说明：that\'s to say，in other words，namely，等。
▲因果： therefore，as a result，thus，because，because of，thanks to…，owing to…，due to …等 ▲递进：then，besides，in addition， furthermore，moreover， what\'s more等。
▲顺序：
firstly， secondly，thirdly， finally；
in the first place，in the second place， in the third place，
To begin with，then，furthermore，finally；
to start with， next， in addition，finally；
first and foremost，besides， last but not least；
most important of all，moreover，finally（以上为时间顺序）
in the front of，in front of …，before， behind， at the back of， on the right/left（of），to the right /left of…，on the other side of …，in the center of …，in the middle of …，at the beginning of ，at the end of …，by the side of …，on the top of …，at the foot of …，on the bottom of， inside，outside， upstairs， downstairs（以上为空间顺序）
▲转折：neverthele，however，although， though， but，on the country，after all， oppositely等。 ▲总结： in short， in a word， in general， generally speaking， finally，at last，as far as I know，in brief， briefly speaking， in the end， as a matter of fact， in reality， in fact， on the whole， in conclusion， on account of this， therefore等。
▲强调： really， indeed，certainly，surely，for sure， above all等。
▲对比： in the same way，just as，in common with， compared with，
on the one hand…，on the other hand，
for one thing… ，for another，similarly等。
▲平行：and，both…and，as well as，as well，neither…nor…or，either…or，not only…but also
正确使用时间状语从句的复合句、带宾语从句的复合句、强调句型、带定语从句的复合句、带主语从句的复合句、条件句、让步或转折的句式等
1.带时间状语从句的复合句
①It\'s also poible a pickpocket stole your money while you were shopping.（2004北京卷）这类时间状语从句不仅考得频繁，而且连词when， while， as， before， after甚至by the time都考到了，时态上现在时、过去时、过去进行时和过去完成时等都出现了。而且有些年份带时间状语从句的复合句还同时出现多次。因此我们建议广大考生应加强训练这类复合句，在高考中尽量少犯错误，注意时态。
2.带宾语从句的复合句
①I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent， and how well you\'ve learned Chinese.（NMET2004， I）
②I am so sorry that I won\'t be able to attend the lecture on American history tomorrow afternoon.（NMET2004， III）
③I would also think that the growth population should be brought under control so that we\'ll have a better hometown in future.（2004江苏卷）
3.带定语从句的复合句
①If there is anything I can do for you， I would be more than glad to help.（NMET2004， I）
②As is shown on Chart 2， only 10% of the time is taken up with sports activities.（2004北京卷）
4.其他
▲强调句型 It was our brave Ah Fu who had saved my little sister.（NMET1993）
▲带主语从句的复合句
①Here is how you can find us
②On the other side， where the playground used to be now stands another new building-our library.（NMET1999）
▲so that句型：
①I became so impatient that I had to go to explain my difficulty.（2004广东卷）
②I am so sorry that I won\'t be able to …tomorrow afternoon.（NMET2004， III）
③The noise was so loud that I couldn\'t go on studying.（2004广东卷）
▲让步或转折：
①I don\'t know about others， but I used to have to work even at weekends doing homework and attending claes as well.（NMET2001）
②Although the city is modern and convenient， there are still some problems， such as air pollution， crowdedne and noise.
▲条件句：
①If there is anything I can do for you， I would be more than glad to help.（NMET2004，I）
三、书面表达开头和结尾的写作
1.书面表达的开头俗话说万事开头难。其实，一点也不难。高考英语书面表达的开头句一般已为你写好。你要做的是分段缩进重起第二段。注意千万不要接着已写好的首句。一是不美观，二是不便于阅卷老师细览。那么你的起头句实际上是第二段了。开始句根据要求一般可以写的漂亮一点，即要用一些好的套语开始。比如：
①As is shown on Chart 2， only 10% of the time is taken up with sports activities.（2004北京卷）可是很多考生总在开头处写的不尽如人意，总喜欢搞一些生造的句子或词语来开头，这是一大忌。有些开头可以以套语开始，或以俗语开始比较有力，这样就容易被老师看好。档位在开始时就已定得很高了。
2.书面表达的结尾：⑦⑧结尾在书面表达的写作中占有很重要的地位，通常结尾都要算一个内容要求，所以，写好结尾且让阅卷老师有一个完整的印象是十分必要的。好的结尾可以是一段，由一句或几句话组成，能使全文增色。例如：
①If there is anything I can do for you， I would be more than glad to help.（ 2004全国卷I）
②It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in the talk.
③What\'s more， some statues of famous people will be set up to encourage us to work harder.Don\'t you think it a wonderful program？ （2004福建卷）
④In short， the students have not arrived at any agreement yet.（2004湖北卷）
(一)高考英语作文议论文常用句型：
段首句
1.关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……
There are different opinions among people as to………Some people suggest that____.
2.俗话说(常言道)……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。
There is an old saying ……It’s the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many case seven today.
3.现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，……；其次，……。更为糟糕的是……Today，……，which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life.First，……Second，…….
What makes things worse is that…….
4.现在，……很普遍，许多人喜欢……，因为……，另外(而且)……。
Nowadays，it is common to ……,Many people like ……because…….Besides，…….
5.任何事物都是有两面性，……也不例外。
Every coins has two sides and ……is not an exception.
6.关于……人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为(说)……，在他们看来，……
People’s opinions about…… vary from person to person.Some people say that……,To them，…….
7.人类正面临着一个严重的问题……，这个问题变得越来越严重。
Man is now facing a big problem……which is becoming more and more serious.
8.…… 已成为人的关注的热门话题 ，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。
……has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.
9.……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重
的问题。
……has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.It has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.
10.根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出……。很显然……，但是为什么呢？According to the figure/number/statistics/percentagesinthe/chart/bargraph/line/graph，
It can be seen that ……while .Obviously，……，but why？
中间段落句
1.相反，有一些人赞成……，他们相信……，而且，他们认为……。
On the contrary，there are some people in favor of …….At the same time，they say…….
2.但是，我认为这不是解决……的好方法，比如……。最糟糕的是……。
But I don’t think it is a very good way to solve …….For example，…….Worst of all，…….
3.首先，……。而且……，最重要的是……
First，…….What’s more，…….Most important of all，…….
4.面临……，我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来……。一方面……，另一方面，
Confronted with……，we should take a series of effective measures to …….For one thing，……For another，……
5.早就应该拿出行动了。比如说……，另外……。所有这些方法肯定会……。
It is high time that something was done about it.For example .…….In addition.…….All
the measures will certainly……….
6.然而，正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样，……也有它的不利的一面，象……。
However，just like everything has both its good and bad sides，………also has its own disadvantages，such as……….
7.尽管如此，我相信……更有利。
Nonethele，I believe that……is more advantageous.
8.完全同意……这种观点(陈述)，主要理由如下：
I fully agree with the statement that……because…….
(三)高考英语作文议论文常用句型：结尾句
1.至于我，在某种程度上我同意后面的观点，我认为……
As far as I am concerned，I agree with the latter opinion to some extent .I think that……
2.总而言之，整个社会应该密切关注……这个问题。只有这样，我们才能在将来……。
In a word，the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of……Only in this way can……in the future.
3.但是，……和……都有它们各自的优势(好处)。例如，……，而……。然而，把这两者相比较，我更倾向于……But……and……have her own advantages .For example，……while……Comparing this with that，however，I prefer to……
4.就我个人而言，我相信……，因此，我坚信美好的未来正等着我们。因为……
Personally，I believe that……Consequently，I‘m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because……
5.随着社会的发展，……。因此，迫切需要……。如果每个人都愿为社会贡献自己的一份力量，这个社会将要变得越来越好。
With the development of society，…… neceary to……If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society，it will be better and better.
6.至于我(对我来说，就我而言)，我认为……更合理。只有这样，我们才能……
For my part，I think it reasonable to……Only in this way can you……
7.在总体上很难说……是好还是坏，因为它在很大程度上取决于……的形势。然而，就我个人而言，我发现……。
It is difficult to say whether……is good or not in general as it depends very much on the situation of…….however，from a personal point of view find……
8.综上所述，我们可以清楚地得出结论……
From what has been discued above，we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that……
9.如果我们不采取有效的方法，就可能控制不了这种趋势，就会出现一些意想不到的不良后果，所以，我们应该做的是……
If we can not take useful means，we may not control this trend，and some undesirable result may come out unexpectedly，so what we should do is……
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