英语作文环保类

环保类环境问题

Control Poaching偷猎 Endangered species 濒危物种

Rare breeds 稀有物种 Animal breeding 饲养 Breeding programme Inbreed近亲繁殖

Zoo Conservation 动物园保护计划

Conservation program

extinct 灭绝 facing extinction captivity 笼养 capture 捕获

captive animal lover

animal rights activists 动物权利保护

者

fund the research研究基金

erode 腐蚀 erosion

exhaust emiion 废弃排放

traffic fume 尾气 global warming greenhouse effect be contaminated by contaminant污染

acid rain organic有机 inorganic无机 recycle 循环

genetically modified 转基因 genetically engineered biodegradable 生物降解 packaging

unleaded petrol无铅汽油 petroleum refining 提纯汽油 foil fuel 不可再生燃料 sustainable 可持续/viable /renewable

resources

reforestation 造林 deforestation’砍伐森林 ecosystem 生态系统 ecotour生态旅游 green belt 绿化带 battery farming化学农业

conservation 保护，保存 (? conserve)v.s.conversation environmentalist = conservationist acid 酸 酸的 (＜＞alkali)acid rain

carbon 碳 (C) v.s.charcoal (炭)carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide fume exhaust fumesv.s.smoke, fog, smog

petroleum 石油à petrol (BE) = gasoline/gas (AE)à unleaded petrol/gas ozone 臭氧 (o + zone)ozone layer ooze 渗出 渗出物

radiation 辐射ultraviolet(UV) radiation~ radioactive greenhouse 温室greenhouse effect/gases

solar 太阳的 (solar energy)^ lunar (lunar calendar) phenomenon 现象

catastrophe = disaster, cataclysm deterioration 恶化 (? deteriorate) extinction 灭绝 (? extinct) species endangered species

drought 干旱 (^ “找它”)＞＞＞ famine v.s.flooding recurrent 反复发生的re + (oc)cur + rentv.s.concurrent inundate 淹没 ^ “淹掉它”

embankment 筑堤 (em + bank + ment) sediment 沉积（物）= deposit delta 三角洲the Pearl River Delta alluvial 冲积的

desertification ? desert (v.s.deert)

dust-storm 沙尘暴^ thunderstorm, brainstorm barren 贫瘠的，不育的，无效的

dune sand dunethe game “DUNE”!

attributable 归因于be attributable to…

deforestation 滥砍滥伐（森林）de + forest + ation＜＞ afforestation/reforestation log 原木，日志 伐木v.s.logo

vegetation 植物，植被v.s.vegetable, vegetarian habitat 栖息地? habit (Habit is the second nature.) ecosystem 生态系统 (eco + system)~ ecology viability ? viable “vi”: life养育能力One tool for aeing the impact of forestry on the ecosystem is population viability analysis.

demographic 人口统计的 demo(people) + graph(write) + ic interdependence inter + dependence

counterbalance 使平衡，弥补 (=offset)counter(against) + balance mechanism 机理，机制

precipitation 陡降，降水 (? precipice)＜＞ evaporation circulation 流通，循环

tide à tidal wave (海啸)＜＞ ebb ＜＜＜ earthquake typhoon ~ tornado, hurricane meteorology 气象(学) volcano 火山

eruption 喷发 (? erupt)volcanic eruption ＞＞＞ lava granite 花岗岩

imminent = impending v.s.eminent Celsius 摄氏的 37OCv.s.centigrade Fahrenheit 华氏的

latitude 纬度(另) longitude, altitude

tropical ? (the) tropicstropical/torrid zone, temperate zone, frigid zone glacier 冰川

dump 倾倒，倾销à anti-dumping contaminate 弄脏 (à contaminant) recycle 回收再利用

irreversible 不可逆的 (= irrevocable) reclaim 开垦，改造 à reclamation contentious 有争议的 (? contend)Many environmental iues today are highly contentious. opt 选择(+ for) à option prioritize 优先考虑 (? prior, priority)

●垃圾问题 乱扔垃圾的原因 1.Plastic container and utensils are pervasive in the city and the country alike.These plastic shopping bags, chopsticks, to-go boxes and mineral water bottles, to name but a few, when not properly disposed of, engender a coloal amount of non-biodegradable refuse.It is manifest that we have embarked upon a “throw-away” era when plastic trash is dumped indiscriminately and irresponsibly.From my own perspective, the causes of this phenomenon are manifold.To begin with, at present the majority of individuals who shop or eat out regularly are still poorly-informed, uninformed or misinformed about the baneful influence that non-biodegradable pollutants exert on the ecosystem, which is the chief culprit in the global-scale mishandling of the plastic waste.The primary component of such trash can not decompose over the proce of the next hundreds of years if no major scientific breakthrough comes along in refuse treatment.Further, the proliferation of plastic shopping bags and eating utensils is largely engendered by the surging consumerism.Plastic containers and utensils are lighter in weight, cheaper in price and water-resistant in performance, whi9ch makes them preferable in customers’ eyes.Lastly, plastic bags and containers are also cost-effective since they are cheaper to manufacture, ship and store.These considerations also have prompted the good old cloth or paper bags to be supplanted by plastic bags and environmental afflictions ensure.2.The comfortable and convenient life accompanied by the fantastic growth of science and technology can account for overwhelming rubbish.As we know , the pride-taking symbol of 21st century is the unbelievable technology, which provides a multitude of one-off products enjoyed avariciously by indolent people, such as chopsticks, shopping bags, and purified water bottles, some of which are non-biodegradable for ages.Accordingly, wastes have been produced and accumulated at an amazing rate.Furthermore, the awarene of environment protection is alarmingly scarce.We are aisted to entertainment of life but often refer to environment as others.In our perspective, pollution combating and nature conserving ate far from our eential jobs, and government should take all the responsibility.So we can drop litter without even a grain of shame.●现状 1. The road scattered with all sorts of trash are a disgrace and the railway line are littered with decaying rubbish.2.One third of the waste produced is made up of packaging materials.3.What we are doing now is a wasteful of resources and unfriendly to the environment.4.We lack adequate facilities to dispose of rubbish of all kinds.For instance, not many dustbin are seen along streets. 5.The quickening tempo of modern lifestyle also contributes partly to the increasing rubbish problems, because many people prefer takeaway fast food and the use of disposal items for the convenience’s sake.6.We are living in a consumer-oriented society.●解决办法解决问题

The joint effort from both government and individuals Play one’s cards right From governmental perspective Crack down on the environmental iue Take strong and harsh measure Band-aid solution Effective solution carry out a series of regulations and rules It makes (no)sense for government to do Red tape Bureaucracy Cut the red tape Exercise control and supervision over ….iue Improve people’s environmental consciousne Arouse peoples awarene of environmental protection Environmentally friendly policy Economic /financial interest Surveillance Afforestation Reforestation Air purification Desalt the water Dump raw sewage properly Sewage treatment Sewage disposal system Sewage purification Water disposal Recycling Integrated waste management Alternative energy source Disposable product Disposable packaging recyclable renewable environmentally sound product environmentally favorable energy option environmentally favorable strategy ecological balance keep /break victim temporal interest long-term interest as far as the citizens are concerned social evolution eco-warriors set a good example for all the citizens stand united sustainable development commercial interest

1.Public activities should be sponsored by government to promote the [public awarene of environmental protection.Make sure that everyone is a conscious 2.Our government should take stronger and harsher measures to combat the littering behavior.3.Use environment-friendly materials.4.The rubbish should be claified scientifically so that the procedure can achieve high efficiency.5.People should learn to recycle .For instance, we should set up bins around town to collect gla, paper, and aluminum that can be converted back into raw materials, then made them into new products. 6.People’s awarene of how persistent and devastating non-biodegradable trash can be to our environment and our descendants’ should be heightened.7.The government and the technologists should spare no effort in advocating the use of environmentally-friendly containers.8.Biochemical research must be launched here and now in pursuit of effective means of converting non- biodegradable refuse to biodegradable refuse.9.The government should allocate enough funding to such research on the corporate level.10. Retail stores and restaurants should strive to encourage their customers to reuses plastic packing items.11.A tax levied by the government on the use of plastic bags in businees will, doubtle, help to curb this maive “white pollution”.12.The authority have to invest more money in efficient disposal of trash, and the large-scale campaign against ugly phenomenon such as random garbage-throwing and spitting should be launched without any delay.As for individuals, behaving themselves and saying no to poible environmental-unfriendly deeds are strongly recommended.13.Rubbish-solving is a quite complex iue, and it needs cooperative efforts from people and society as a whole.Since we were capable of turning the world into a splendid wonderland long ago, we have good reasons to belief that a clean, wonderful homeland is not far behind.●个人也应承担保护环境的责任 1.Concerns for environmental iues should be shared by the general public.2.Individuals ought to make conscious efforts to save energy and to keep our environment clean.3.In fact there are many things that the individual can do.For example, we should try to reduce our dependence on private cars and use bicycles more often.4.By doing so, not only do we save energy and therefore reduce the release of CO, which is a major greenhouse gas, we also become healthier riding bicycles.5.Household rubbish can be sorted out for recycling.Paper , plastic and metals such as Cocacola cans can all be recycled.6.We can use more products made from recycle materials so that the recycling industry has a better prospect of commercial succe.7.We should stop using plastic bags and plastic meal boxes which bring convenience but pollute the environment , as they are not biodegradable.8.Used batteries should also be disposed of properly because there is lead in it.9.If these efforts are shared by more people, we will have a better life.●动物实验 Advantages

1．Since human beings existed in the world, animals have always been accompanying us.They are of great help to humans in many aspects.For example, they help a lot in medical experiments.2.Animal testing allows scientists to test and create new drugs.With the help of animal tests, we have found cures to many formerly fatal diseases.3.Many people argue that animal testing is cruel.In some cases this is cruel.However it would be much more cruel to let people die because there is not enough information about a disease.4.At present there are no other better methods to replace them. 5.Animals have similar physical procees to humans.6.Not only would the costs of testing in humans be extremely high, but also it is brutal to test new drugs on children or adults.7.Animal tests are still regarded as the only reliable and feasible method.8.Animals such as monkeys or rabbits which are used in experiments are easily bred.In fact they can be raised in laboratories artificially.In other word, there is a large supply of animals for medical research.9.Using animals in drug tests will not have negative effects on the balance of ecosystem.

10.Most countries set standards for animal treatment in tests, and laboratories have regulations to prevent cruelty.11.From a more pragmatic standpoint, evidence abounds that animal subjects are still an indispensable part of scientific research at this phase of human development.12.Drug experiment on live mammals is far more effective than on bacteria or on other lower species in determining drug safety.13.Medical history informs us that drugs that can potentially exert grave side effects on Homo sapiens should be tested by pharmaceutical companies live mammals first to ascertain their toxicity.Disadvantages 1.Animal tests violate animals’ rights.Although humans have been occupying the dominant position since they appeared on the earth, God created animals before humans.2.Some animals are of great help to humans in many aspects.Some kinds of animals have been used for transportation.Some others help the police solve cases. 3.In experiments, animals are usually killed or at least suffer from great pains.It is a kind of brutality and cruelty.1.Not all experiments are neceary.With the fast development of science and technology, other alternatives have been found to replace animals testing.For example, computer simulation can achieve similar results.1.Not all the experiments are reliable.Animals and humans are two quite different kinds of creatures.they have different physical procees.2.The treatment and drugs which are effective on animals are sometimes usele and can even have negative effects on humans.

3.Information gathered from animals does not always apply to humans.4.Mounting evidence suggests that many animal experiments are performed callously without any heed to the discomfort or pain that laboratory mammals endure..5.Improper confinement of test animals such as locking them up in cramped cages is inhumane, and this , in turn, can severely disrupt natural biological functions of the test animals.6.The effects of vaccination or vivisection conducted on live mammals can be chilling.In extreme cases, they constitute sheer torture of animals.

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