口语和情景教学法总结
2020-03-03 09:32:52 来源：范文大全收藏下载本文
Summary of the Oral Approach and Situational Language Teaching
Palmer, Hornby and other British applied linguists from the 1920s onward developed an approach to methodology that involved systematic principles of selection, gradation and presentation.The approach is also used in China widely now.
The theory of the approach: 1.The theory of language: British “structuralism” ; 2.The theory of learning : behaviorist habit-learning theory
Main characteristics of the approach: 1.Language teaching begins with the spoken language.
2.The target language is the language of the claroom.3.New language points are introduced and practiced situationally.4.Vocabulary selection procedures are followed to ensure that an eential general service vocabulary is covered.5.Items of grammar are graded following the principle that simple forms should be taught before complex ones.6.Reading and writing are introduced once a sufficient lexical and grammatical basis is established.
The objective of the approach is to teach a practical command of the four basic skills of language, skills approached through structure.Accuracy in both pronunciation and grammar is regarded as crucial, and errors are to be avoided at all costs.The syllabus of the approach is a list of the basic structures and sentence patterns of English, arranged according to their order of presentation.In this approach, structures are always taught within sentences, and vocabulary is chosen according to how well it enables sentence patterns to be taught.
Learner roles in the approach: Firstly, the learner is required simply to listen and repeat what the teacher says and to respond to questions and commands.Secondly, more active participation is encouraged.This includes learners initiating responses and asking each other questions.
Teacher roles in the approach: Firstly, the teacher serves as a model.Secondly, the teacher is required to be a skillful manipulator.Thirdly, the teacher should organize review.
The role of instructional materials: the textbook and visual aids.
The strengths of the approach: Firstly, it is good to practice the ability of speaking, all the material is taught in spoken language.Secondly, it is easy for initial learner to learn, because it is taught from easy aspect to difficult aspect and emphasizes the correct pronunciation of imitation, the oral.Thirdly, the skills (the skills of speaking) can be used in daily life, so the learners are interested in learning.The last, the approach is student-oriented, the learner can enhance their confidence in daily communication.
The weaknees of the approach: Firstly, the teaching must be in a claroom with fewer learners, which is effective to practice.Secondly, the students must memorize some words and structures mechanically because there is no explanation in mother tongue.While, because the structures are limited, it is not good for the learners to enlarge the vocabularies.Thirdly, teacher must prepare some visual aids for the learners, in some extent, it is not good for the learners to develop the reasoning abilities and their imaginations.At last, it emphasizes the speaking skills, maybe ignore the importance of other language skills.
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