BEC真题（材料）
2020-03-03 23:16:11 来源：范文大全收藏下载本文
The Stars of the Future
A Existing management research does not tell us much about how to find and develop high-flyers, those people who have the potential to reach the top of an organisation.As a result, organisations are left to formulate their own systems.A more effective overall policy for developing future leaders is needed, which is why the London Busine School has launched the Tomorrow\'s Leaders Research Group (TLRG).The group contains representatives from 20 firms, and meets regularly to discu the leadership development of the organisations\' high-flyers.
B TLRG recognizes just how significant line managers are in the proce of leadership development.Unfortunately, with today\'s flat organisations, where managers have functional as well as managerial responsibilities, people development all too often falls victim to heavy workloads.One manager in the research group was unconvinced by the logic of sending his best people away on development courses, \'only to see them poached by another department or, worse still, another firm\'.This fear of losing high-flyers runs deep in the organisations that make up the research group.
C TLRG argues that the task of management is not necearily about employee retention, but about creating \'attraction centres\'.\'We must help line managers to realise that if their companies are known as ones that develop their people, they will have a greater appeal to high-flyers,\' said one advisor.Furthermore, selecting people for, say, a leadership development programme is a sign of commitment from management to an individual.Loyalty can then be more easily demanded in return.
D TLRG has concluded that a company\'s HR specialists need to take action and engage with line managers individually about their role in the development of high-flyers.Indeed, in order to benefit fully from training high-flyers as the senior managers of the future, firms must actually addre the development of all managers who will be supporting the high-flyers.Without this, managers will not be in a position to give appropriate advice.And when eventually the high-flyers do move on, new ones will be needed to replace them.The next challenge will be to find a new generation of high-flyers.
Questions 1-7
Look at the statements below and the article about the development of future busine leaders on the opposite page.
Which section of the article (A, B, C or D) does each statement (1-7) refer to?
For each statement (1-7), mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.
You will need to use some of these letters more than once.
1 Managers need to take action to convince high-flyers of their value to the firm.
2 Organisations need to look beyond the high-flyers they are currently developing.
3 There is a concern that firms investing in training for high-flyers may not gain the benefits themselves.
4 Managers need expert aistance from within their own firms in developing high-flyers.
5 Firms currently identify high-flyers without the support of a guidance strategy.
6 Managers are frequently too busy to deal with the development of high-flyers.
7 Firms who work hard on their reputation as an employer will interest high-flyers.
首先得搞明白的是这篇文章到底讲的什么。不用看具体内容，有两个地方直接告诉了。一个是题目说明的第一句话，另一个是正文的标题。从这两个地方就可以看出全文探讨的是公司未来接班人——也就是潜力股——的培养问题。
A段讲了TLRG这个贯穿全文的研究组织诞生的原因：现行的研究满足不了需要，于是大多数公司只能自己探索发掘接班人的模式；（即第五题的答案）
B段讲了直属经理（line managers）对于发掘接班人的重要性（真是干什么都要从基层抓起），以及经理们的一些疑虑；
C段讲的是接班人问题对公司的重要性，并且应该让院线经理们明白这种重要性；
D段是针对前面列出的问题，提出的解决建议，什么专家协助等等。
整篇文章分为四个部分，层层递进，有很强的逻辑性。拿这样的文章来做阅读材料应该是相对容易把握的。
题目解析：
图中蓝色的线为答案潜伏的地方。7个题干基本是将原文中的句子用另外的词语和句型表述出来，所以题干中的关键词都能在正文里 找到与之匹配的，比如第四题题干里的expert对应D段的specialists,第六题的too busy to对应于B段里的heavy workloads，第七题的interest对应于C段的appeal。
第一题说“经理们必须采取措施使潜力股们相信他们对公司的价值”，也就是要让潜力股们对公司忠诚，即C段说的creating “attraction centres”和loyalty。
第二题说“组织必须把目光投向正在培养中的潜力股以外的地方”，即D段最后两句话所说的寻找新一代的潜力股。
第三题和B段的最后一句话完全是一个意思：怕培养潜力股的投入收不回成本。
第四题说开发潜力股，经理们需要在公司内部得到专家支持。答案是D段的第一句话：公司的人力资源专家需要采取行动。HR specialists就是expert。
第五题说公司现在没有在指导策略的支持下辨别潜力股。也就是说公司是依靠自己来发掘人才的。答案是A段的第一句：现行的研究满足不了需要，所以公司只能形成自己的一套体系。
第六题，经理们太忙了，无暇顾及潜力股的发展。答案是B段的：Unfortunately, with today\'s flat organisations, where managers have functional as well as managerial responsibilities, people development all too often falls victim to heavy workloads.。不幸落在了高工作负荷的人的肩上。高工作负荷，也就是too busy。
第七题，看重作为雇主名声的公司可以吸引潜力股。答案是C段的这么一句：if their companies are known as ones that develop their people, they will have a greater appeal to high-flyers。如果公司是以开发员工而著称的话，将会对潜力股产生更大的吸引。以开发员工而著称（known as ones that develop their people），名声很好，也就是看重自己作为雇主的名声。
1、line managers 直属经理，业务经理
2、flat organization 扁平化的组织，即企业中的单层管理组织
对应的单词hierarchy等级制的公司
3、poach vt.(侵入他人地界)偷猎(或捕鱼), 水煮，剽窃，挖角
eg: A rival firm poached our best computer programmers.
我公司的竞争对手把我们最好的计算机程序编制员挖走了。
4、runs deep 纯粹是想说一下那句著名的谚语：Still water runs deep静水流深。
5、fall victim to 成为。。。。的受害者
B段中的原话：People development all too often falls victim to heavy workloads.人员发展成为高负荷工作的受害者，也就是说经理们因为太忙而无暇顾及潜力股的培养，即第六题的答案。
6、retention 保留，在文中指留住员工。是风险管理中常见的专业名词。
Fighting Fit
Fine Fitne, the health and fitne club operator, announced an impreive set of results yesterday: (19) a 38-per-cent jump in annual pre-tax profits, the company claimed that it had (20) none of the problems (21) last week by its rival, Top Fit .According to Samantha Collier,the chief executive, Fine Fitne (22) strong and is on (23) to reach its target of 100 clubs within three years, its strategy unaffected by the apparent (24) down of the economy.
The company opened 12 new clubs in the past year; (25) its total to 51.They have (26) to be highly succeful, with people joining in large numbers, especially in the 25-to-40 age range.Even the more (27) clubs are still seeing sales growth, along with rising retention (28) of more than 70 per cent.This can be seen as clear (29) of the appeal of Fine Fitne.Ms Collier admitted that as there were (30) too many companies competing with one another; there would almost certainly be (31) in the health-and-fitne-club sector of the market She predicted that, within a relatively short time, there might be only about three major companies still in (32).However, she declined to say which these were likely to be.
Profits rose by £6.3 million, although there was a fall in gro margins from 31 per cent to 28.6 per cent because of higher insurance premiums, extra management costs and start-up expenses for the company\'s new (33) in Spain.
19 A Stating B Reporting C Remarking D Informing
20 A taken B felt C experienced D caught
21 A released B iued C opened D revealed
22 A stays B remains C maintains D keeps 23 A track B direction C way D line 24 A falling B breaking C cutting D slowing 25 A bringing B putting C getting D mounting
26 A shown B resulted C proved D demonstrated
27 A installed B formed C established D confirmed
28 A rates B standards C proportions D volumes
29 A witne B sign C display D evidence
30 A purely B merely C simply D barely
31 A union B consolidation C alliance D combination
32 A trade B office C commerce D busine 33 A trial B venture C proposal D speculation
文章介绍了一个经营健康俱乐部的公司的情况，依旧是形势喜人。
19题，一句话包含三个空，联系在一起做。昨天开会，宣布了一系列结果。报告税前收益增长了38%，公司并没有经历它的竞争对手所暴露的问题。19题选report，20题experienced，21题，revealed by its rival，被竞争对手暴露的问题。
22题，remains strong保持强劲;单看单词的意思，貌似keep也可以(不过说实话，如果不是有同学提醒，我压根想不到会填keep)联系此句上下文，提到了在对手出现问题时这个公司表现依然强劲remain在英文词典的解释是：continue to exist, especially after other similar or related people or things have ceased to exist 在相似或者相关人和事出现状况时仍然存在，所以，remain更符合这个题目的条件
23题，on track 步入正轨。公司正在实现目标的正道上。这个词在其他完型也出现过，不过不是正确答案。
24题，slow down放缓，固定用法。经济放缓。
25题，bring to，使总数达到51，这个题怕是要靠语感。put肯定不对，get to到达，mount在这里用法不对。
26题，proved to be证明是，固定用法
27题，这里填入的词要和前文对照，前面说新开了12家新的俱乐部，这里的空格前有个even和more，所以应该是填入与new相对应的词。established是已确立的(If you use established to describe something such as an organization, you mean that it is officially recognized or generally approved of because it has existed for a long time.)
28题，retention rate保留率，专有名词(Retained earnings divided by total after-tax earnings, expreed as a percentage)，指公司税后收益所保留的那一部分。
29题，公司吸引力的证据。clear evidence明显的证据。不选sign，sign只是迹象。
30题，simply修饰too many从用法和意思上都对，在这里就是表强调的，意思是公司太多了。
31题，consolidation强化、合并(To consolidate a number of small groups or firms means to make them into one large organization.)，有很多的公司相互竞争，所以需要进行一个整合。这是商英里的固定说法。
32题，in busine在经营。是说很快这个市场上的公司会淘汰的只剩下三个。
33题，理解了venture的意思就不难做出选择，在这里是指商业冒险，也是商英地道说法。公司要在西班牙进行一些投机活动，因此增加了额外的管理费用。
The secret of succe in electronic commerce lies in placing a new emphasis on a well-established area.That area is customer service, which is now the only point of (19) between a busine and the buying public.
There are a number of factors in a real-world shop that (20) people\'s perceptions of a busine: these (21)the location and the appearance of the premises,the quality and the pricing of the merchandise or services’and the behaviour of the staff.
However, if a company is trying to make a good impreion with online customers,most of these factors do not (22) a part.In the (23) of these factors, the way customers are (24) when they have a reason to call has a fundamental effect on a company\'s ability to retain them as customers.Even more than regular telephone or in-person customers, web customers are impatient，easily frustrated and always conscious that they have other places where they can (25) their busine.Preventing them from doing that means meeting them on their own(26)and providing them with what they want.
This neceity, in(27)，means that companies that sell over the net must get back-end functions right.Imposing(28) requirements on customers will not work; a busine that (29) on customers emailing for aistance instead of using the phone, for example, will lose repeat custom.
If the phone is used, it must be answered (30), and the staff should look for ways of helping even the most awkward customers(31), as is more usual,trying to find some(32) to blame the customer for any problem.
An important，final point is that it is vital that all addrees，web links and phone numbers work properly and efficiently.This ought to (33) without saying.Experience，however, shows that it does not.
19、A relationship B aociation C.meeting D contact
20、A force B determine C decide D fix
21、A enclose B consist C include D contain
22、A get B run C play D have
23、A absence B lack C need D scarcity
24、A cared B treated C dealt D considered
25、A deliver B bring C move D take
26、A policies B standards C terms D conditions
27、A turn B sequence C line D order
28、A dense B rigid C deep D solid
29、A demands B insists C expects D instructs
30、A punctually B precisely C promptly D presently
31、A apart from B other than C except for D rather than
32、A case B excuse C fault D purpose
33、A do B make C go D come
我个人认为，完形填空这种题型属于BEC阅读里相对不容易把握的。其他几个部分多参照原文就能找到答案，而完形填空的答案有的时候靠分析是得不出结果的，因为会考到一些固定用法，而且是商务英语里的固定用法。固定用法一时半会是无法积累的。要想做好BEC里的完形填空，一是要掌握一定的解题技巧(比如排除法和猜题)，二是要培养商务英语的感觉。感觉的培养也有两种途径，一个是多读原版商业英语文章，另一个就是把历年BEC真题里的完形填空原文填上空缺的单词反复朗读。
这篇名为《电子商务成功秘诀》的文章主要分析了从事电子商务必须考虑的几个factor。重点考虑的是如何服务客户，不是在线的，而是电话。
19题首先考的就是一个固定的商务英语用法。Point of contact, 接触点。商业词典的解释：Person or a department serving as the coordinator or focal point of an activity or program.英文WIKI的解释：A point of contact (POC, also single point of contact or SPOC) is the identification of, and means of communication with, person(s) and organizations(s) aociated with the resource(s).
26题，on one\'s own terms,根据某人自己的主张。联系此句上下文，是说电子商务的客户不好伺候，得按照他们的意思来提供他们想要的。所以后面的28题应该选择rigid，僵硬的。意思是不能把一些僵硬的要求强加在客户的身上。
27题，in turn相应的;in sequence按顺序，依次;in line成一直线;in order整齐，秩序井然。
31题，后面的as is more usual是插入语，在这里完全可以忽略不计，联系整个句子的意思。是说员工应该想办法对付哪怕是最难对付的客户，而不是找借口去指责客户。所以应选rather than (而不是)。apart from相当于except for，除了„外(都),other than相当于except，除„以外。
32题，理解了上下文，应该选excuse。与fault相关的短语是find fault with 33题，go without saying固定用法，不言而喻的意思。
0 Regular meetings with clients are important to a healthy collaboration.They
00 may be set up by the client, for example to review with the progre of current
34 projects, to give new instructions that may have lead to a contract variation
35 or to discu any concerns.The client meeting which can also be arranged 36 by you or another member of your company to attract from new busine, to 37 addre a problem unle that needs to be solved or to give an update or status 38 report on current busine ventures.Your part is in these meetings will dictate
39 the kind of information you need and how you should prepare for them.If you
40 will be responding to questions put by your client, the material you present
41 should deal in specifically with the request that was made.The meeting should not
42 only move off the agenda without the permiion of the person you are meeting.
43 If you have prepared properly, you should be able to anticipate both questions and
44 to respond properly.If you are put on the spot and asked for details you do not 45 have, respond honestly - do not speak about matters as you are not familiar with.
一般短文改错常出现的错误有短语搭配、语法，还有根据上下文含义选出不合适的词。所以想做好改错，要有一定的语言基础，还得从整体上把握整篇文章。
34题，如果这里有have，那么后面的lead应用分词形式led(may have done)，而且考虑这里的时态，并不是已经完成，而是表示可能导致的结果。所以去掉have。
35题，这里的which必须去掉，如果不去的话，这个句子就缺少谓语动词。
36题，attract是及物动词，后面不需要from。
37题，根据前后文的意思，unle是多余的。
38题，“your part...”这个句子里有两个谓语动词，必须去掉it。
39题是对的，不知会不会有人认为这里的how可以去掉。从语法上说how去留都行，但是从后面的意思看，每个人必须根据自己的角色来做准备工作，所以how必须保留。
41题，deal with是固定短语，in是多余的。
42题，从整个句子的意思和语法上看，only都是多余的。
43题，如果both要保留，and后面的内容就必须与questions并列，可这里and后面的内容是与前面的to anticipate并列，所以both去掉。
45题，后面的you are not familiar with是修饰matters的，as在这里很多余。
Look at the statements below and the advice to businees on the opposite page about using other companies to run their IT services.
1、the need to teach skills to employees working on the outsourced proce
2、remembering the initial reason for setting up the outsourced project
3、the need to draw up agreements that set out how integration is to be achieved
4、addreing the iue of staff who work on the outsourced proce being at a distant site
5、the importance of making someone responsible for the integration proce
6、staff on the outsourced project familiarising themselves with various details of the busine
7、problems being aociated with an alternative to outsourcing
When a busine decides to outsource its IT services, it needs to consider the question of integration.Four experts give their views.
A.Gianluca Tramcere, Silica Systems
An outsourced IT service is never a fully independent entity.It is tied to the home company\'s previous and continuing systems of working.But despite the added responsibility of managing new ways of working, many businees ignore the integration proce.They fail to establish contracts that define the ways in which the two companies will work alongside one another, and focus solely on the technological aspects of service delivery.
B.Kevin Rayner, Domola
Businees need to build integration competency centres dedicated to managing the integration effort.It is critical to have an individual in charge to check that the external and internal busine operations work together.Although companies often think of outsourcing as a way of getting rid of people and aets, they need to remember that, at the same time, outsourcing involves gaining people.Because there is a new operation being carried out in a different way outside of the home busine, this creates a training element.
C.Clayton Locke, Digital Solutions
Communication is the key to succe, and outsourcing to other regions or countries can lead to a range of problems.For any such initiative, it is neceary to create a team where there is good, open communication and a clear understanding of objectives and incentives.Bringing people to the home location from the outsourced centre is neceary, since it can aid understanding of the complexities of the existing system.To integrate efficiently, outsourcing personnel have to talk to the home company\'s executives and users to understand their experiences.
D.Kim Noon, J G Tech One way to avoid the difficulties of integration is to create a joint-venture company with the outsourcer.Thus, a company can swap its aets for a share of the profits.Yet joint ventures bring potential troubles, and companies should be careful not to lose sight of the original rationale for outsourcing: to gain cost efficiencies and quality of service in an area that for some reason could not be carried out entirely in-house.The complexities and costs of a joint-venture initiative should not be underestimated.
Read the article below about the changing role of human resources departments.The best person for the job
Employees can make a busine succeed or fail, so the people who choose themhave a vital role to play.
Employees are a company’s new ideas, its public face and its main aet.Hiring the right people is therefore a significant factor in a company’s succe.(0) G If the human resources department makes mistakes with hiring, keeping and dismiing staff, a busine can disappear overnight.Many companies now realise that recruiting the best recruiters is the key to succe.
Sarah Choi, Head of HR at Enco pic, believes that thinking commercially is a key quality in HR.Every decision an HR manager makes needs to be relevant to advancing the busine.(8) ...C.....That’s no longer the case.HR managers have to think more strategically these days.They continually need to think about the impact of their decisions on the bottom line.(9).....F...For example,a chief executive will expect the HR department to advise on everything from the headcount to whether to proceed with an acquisition.
Why do people go into HR in the first place? Choi has a ready answer.I think most people in the profeion are attracted by a long-term goal.(10)....D......Nothing happens in the company which isn’t affected by or doesn’t impact on its employees, so the HR department is a crucialpart of any busine.
Not all operational managers agree.An informal survey of attitudes to HR departments that was carried out last year by a leading busine journal received comments such as \"What do they actually contribute?\"(11).....A.....As Choi points out, salaries have never been higher and, in addition, HR managers often receive substantial annual bonuses.
Despite the financial rewards, HR managers often feel undervalued, and this is a major reason for many leaving their jobs.(12)...E......However, a lack of training and development is a more significant factor.These days, good profeional development opportunities are considered an eential part of an attractive package,Choi explains.
A But rising levels of remuneration demonstrate that the profeion’s growing importance is widely recognised.
B At one time, a profeional qualification was required in order to progre to the top of HR.
C Other departments and senior executives used to see HR managers as having a purely administrative role.
D Since it’s one of the few areas where you can see the whole operation, it can lead to aninfluential role on the board.
E Being seen as someone who just ticks off other people’s leave and sick days does not help build a sense of loyalty.
F They therefore need to be competent in many aspects of a company’s operations.G On the other hand, recruiting the wrong staff can lead to disaster.
这篇文章的标题有些misleading，“The best people for the job”，还以为是招人的标准。其实这篇文章是关于Human resource的，所以还是要适当关注文章前的说明：the article below about the changing role of human resources departments.
第八题，空格后面的“That’s no longer the case”是很重要的提示。由于空格前面一直在强调commercial和busine，所以在空缺的地方应该是和另一个方面相关的内容。选项C的administrative role正好满足这个要求。前后文意思搭配在一起完全吻合。
第九题，后面的for example的很关键，是对前面的补充说明。“For example,a chief executive will expect the HR department to advise on everything from the headcount to whether to proceedwith an acquisition.”总裁希望人力资源经理对一切事情提出建议，从人数统计到是否进行收购。这种要求就需要人力资源经理具备很多才能。所以F的句子填在这里最合适。
第十题，答案稍微不那么明显，不过D句中的an influential role可以和第十题的空格后的a crucial part相对应，算是答案信号。要从整体上把握第三段，这里认为HR manager 的影响是全局的、长期的，所以D句的“see the whole operation”符合情况。
第十一题，理解前后文的意思，前面说过去的operational managers不那么认可HR manager的作用，后面指出HR managers挣得多，所以中间是转折的意思。A句的But是个信号，“上涨的薪酬水平意味着这个职位逐渐增加的重要性得到了广泛的认可。”意思和前后都吻合，所以是正确答案。
第十二题，空格前说HR managers觉得自己的作用被低估了，所以leaving。空格后一个However，所以空格处应该还是和leaving有关的，为什么离职。E句的意思是“被视作仅仅对别人的离开和生病的日子划勾的人是没法帮助建立忠诚感的。”填入此处正好。
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