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【高一英语教案】

Unit 2 English around the world

一、Teaching aims and demands 1.Topics ⑪.interview the headmaster and other teacher about the school rules and the ways to learn all the subjects ⑫.make a world map of English-speaking countries ⑬.collect words different in spelling, pronunciation, or meaning between British English and American English, to make a list 2.Function：language difficulties in communication

Can you spell that?

Could you repeat that,please?

What do you mean by...?

Could you speak a bit slowly,please?

Sorry,I didn\'t follow you.

I beg your pardon?

How do you say...in English?

How do you pronounce...?

What does...mean?

Can you say that in a different way? 3.Vocabulary bathroom;towel;closet;pronounce;broad;repeat;majority;native;total;tongue;equal;government;situation;international;organization;trade;tourism;global;communicate;communication;exchange;service;signal;movement;commander;tidy;stand;independent;fall;expreion;typhoon;publish;southern;president;European; hhowl;cookbook;compare;replace make oneself at home;in total;except for;stay up;come about;end up with; bring in;a great many;at the same time 4.Grammar：direct and indirect speech:imperative(requests and demands)：

二、Teaching Time：Five periods

三、Teaching procedures:

The First Period

Step Ⅰ.Greetings and Revision（p24） Step Ⅱ.Warming up Three questions：（Key.：p24）

①How many countries and regions are there in the world? （About two hundred） ②How many languangs are there in the world?

（Three thousand before, But it is found in the recent years that there are more than five thousand languages）

③How many languanges are used as the working languangesof the United nations?

（There are five.They are.：Chinese, French, Revision English and Spanish）

Another two questions：

①What do you think Joe is looking for in the bathroom?

②Why can\'t he find it? （Key：p24） StepⅢ.Speaking

①Read or act in pairs（p9，Key：p25）

②Fill in the blanks（p9，Key：p25） ③Practise using the following：（Key：p26）

Can you spell that?

Could you repeat that,please? What do you mean by...?

Could you speak a bit slowly,please? Sorry,I didn\'t follow you.

I beg your pardon? How do you say...in English?

How do you pronounce...? What does...mean?

Can you say that in a different way? StepⅣ.Lauguages pints △Write a paage comparing American and British English.

★compare vt.和...比较,对照(+with/to) ；比喻为,把...比作(+to) Compared with him, I am a bungler.与他相比,我只能算是一个笨拙的人。

Compare this with that, and you will see which is better.

将这个与那个比较一下,你就会知道哪个比较好了。

Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.莎士比亚把人世比作舞台. ㈠ Warming up 1．What is it that Joe can\'t find in the bathroom? ★本句为特殊疑问词开头的强调句型.强调句型的基本构成如下：

It + is(was) + 被强调部分 + that(who) + 句子剩余部分. It was in the street that I found the purse. It is I who should be responsible for the incident. Why was it that you used to skip claes? 1．NANCY：Oh, there you are.Now then, did you have a good flight?

南希：噢，你在这儿。你旅行愉快吗？

★ there you are：“行了，好了”。这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语。还可以表示“瞧!”“对吧(果然如此)!”等语气. There you are!Then let\'s have some coffee.好了,那我们来点咖啡吧. There you are!I knew we should find iot at last.对吧!我就知道我们一定能找到的.2．JOE：Sure, we flew all the way direct from Seattle to London.

乔：还可以，我们从西雅图一直飞到了伦敦。

★all the way意为“从远道”，还有“从头至尾，自始至终，完全，全部”之意，往往用来概括途中细节，后面常接目的地。

My friend came to see me all the way from Shanghai.我的朋友从上海远道来看我。

Tom stayed in the game all the way.汤姆自始至终参加了比赛。

I\'m with you all the way.我完全同意并支持你。

She climbed all the way to the top of the tree.她一直爬到树顶。

3．NANCY：You must be very tired.Did you sleep at all on the plane?

南希：你一定很劳累。你在飞机上睡觉了吗？

★must情态动词，在此句中表示推测，意为“一定会”。

You must be hungry after your long walk.你走了那么长的路，一定饿了吧。

They must be twins.他们一定是双胞胎。

★表示“一定做了某事”或“一定正在做某事”，用must have done和must be doing。

They must have read the same report.他们一定看的是同一份报道。

We thought the teacher must be joking.我们以为老师一定是在开玩笑。

★can和may也可表推测，意为“有可能”。must通常用于肯定句，can用于疑问句和否定句，may用于疑问和肯定句中。

—Who can it be?是谁呢？

—It can\'t be Li Ming.He has gone to Shanghai.不可能是李明，他已经去上海了。

Don\'t play with the sharp knife.It may hurt you.不要玩那么锋利的刀，有可能伤着你。 4．JOE：No, not really.I\'m very tired.Could I use your bathroom? 乔：没有，的确没睡。我很累。好了，我可以用你的浴室吗？ 5．NANCY：Why, of course.You don\'t need to ask, just make yourself at home.Let me give you a clean towel.南希：当然可以。你不用问。请随便。我给你一条干净的毛巾。

★need n.需要；要求(+of/for)/+to-v； vt.需要,有...必要； v.aux.(多用于疑问句和否定句)需要,必须

We have no need to be afraid of them.我们不必怕他们。

The garden needs watering.花园该浇水了。(说明：该用法相当于need to be done) I don\'t think you need to worry about this.我认为你不必为这事担心。

They need our help.他们需要我们帮助。

Need you go so soon? 你需要这么早走吗 ? You needn\'t trouble about that.你不必为这费事了。

★make yourself at home意为“请随便，请自便，别客气，别拘束”。是有礼貌的日常用语，是家庭主人招待来访客人的用语。

“Make yourself at home,” the hoste said to the guest.

女主人对客人说:“别客气，就像在你自己家里一样。”

When Li Ping entered Wei Fang\'s room, Wei Fang asked him to make himself at home.

当李平走进魏芳房间的时候，魏芳叫他别客气。

类似的用法还有：be / feel at home感到无拘无束。

She made us feel quite at home.她使我们很放松。

In her room we were quite at home.在她房间里我们就像在自己家里一样很放松。

6．JOE：A clean towel?乔：一条干净的毛巾？

7．NANCY：Yes.Here you are.The bathroom is upstairs.It\'s the second door on the left.

南希：是的，给你。浴室在楼上，左边第二个门。

8．JOE：Thanks Nancy.If you\'ll excuse me now.乔：谢谢你，南希。打扰了。

★If you\'ll excuse me now.意为“请原谅，打搅了，麻烦了”。是有礼貌的日常用语。

(after a while)(过了一会儿) 9．NANCY：Have you found it?南希：你找到了吗？

10．JOE：Well, eh yes, I mean no.I mean, I found the bathroom, but I didn\'t find what I was looking for!乔：噢，是的，没有。我的意思是我找到了浴室,但没找到我想找的地方! ㈡ SPEAKING ⑪

①EMILY：Karen, can you tell me how to pronounce“kilometre”?

埃米莉：卡伦，请你告诉我怎样读“kilometre”这个词好吗？

②KAREN：Sure.British people say /\'kil[U9mI:t[/ and Americans say /ki\'lCmit[/ .

卡伦：当然可以。英国人读/\'kil[U9mI:t[/ ，美国人读 /ki\'lCmit[/ 。 ③TEACHER：Karen and Emily, is there anything that isn\'t clear to you?

老师：卡伦，埃米莉，你们还有什么不清楚的吗？

★该句中的that isn\'t clear to you是定语从句，修饰anything。一般说来，当先行词是something, anything, nothing, everything时，定语从句的关系代词用that。

Is there anything that I can do for you?有什么要我为你做的吗？

There is nothing that is too difficult for me.对我来说没有难得做不到的事。 ④KAREN：Emily asked me a question, but I already answered her.

卡伦：埃米莉问了我一个问题,可我已经回答了她。

⑤TEACHER：What was her question?老师：她的问题是什么？ ⑥KAREN：She asked me how to pronounce“kilometre”.

卡伦：她问我怎么读“kilometre”这个词。

⑫①MS SMITH：Harry, take these two pizzas to Mr Thompson on Broad Street, Number 12.

史密斯夫人：哈里，把这个比萨饼送给托马逊先生，他在百老汇大街12号。 ②HARRY：Can you spell that name, please?哈里：你会拼写那个名字吗？ ③MS SMITH：Th-o-m-p-s-o-n.On Broad Street, Number 12.

史密斯夫人：T-h-o-m-p-s-o-n。在百老汇大街12号。

④HARRY：Can you repeat the addre, please?哈里：你把地址再重复一下好吗？ ⑤MS SMITH：Broad Street, Number 12.史密斯夫人：百老汇大街12号。 ⑥HARRY：Got it.哈里：明白了。

★Got it.意为“明白了”。

⑦MS SMITH：Take Dave\'s motorbike.Here are the keys.And hurry up!

史密斯夫人：骑上戴夫的摩托车，钥匙在这里。赶快点！ ⑧HARRY：Anything else?哈里：还有别的事吗？

⑨MS SMITH:Don\'t forget to buy me some ketchup on your way back.

史密斯夫人：在回来的路上别忘了给我买点番茄酱。

★forget to do意为“忘记做”。

She forgot to mail the letter.她忘了寄信。

注意：forget doing意为“忘记曾做„„”

I\'ll never forget seeing her musical in New York.

我永远忘不了在纽约所看过的那出歌舞喜剧。 ⑩Make up another dialogue for three students and act it out in cla.

★make up补足 ； 编造 ；组成

We need $50 to make up the sum required.我们需要五十元以补足所需要的数目。

The whole story is made up.整个故事完全是虚构出来的。

The medical team was made up of twelve doctors.医疗队由十二名医生组成。

★act ...out把...表演出来 ；把...付诸行动

We roared when Mary acted out the episode.

当玛丽绘声绘色地描述那件事时,我们哄然大笑起来。

They are determined to act out their ideal.她们决心把自己的理想变成行动。 StepⅤ.Listening（Do it in the evening）

㈠ Exercise （p9）

（Key：p25）

㈡ Exercise（p91） （Key：p25)

The Second Period

Step Ⅰ.Greetings and Revision（p27） Step Ⅱ.Preparation for Reading（p27）

StepⅢ.Fast Reading （Three questions on p27） StepⅣ.Reading ㈠ Seven questins on p28 ㈡ True or false： ①More than 375 million people speak English as their native language.or as a second language. （F）→More than 750 million people speak English„„

②Most native speakers of English are found only in the United Kingdom, the United States. （F）→Most native speakers of English are found in the United Kingdom, the United States of America, Canada, Australia, South Africa, Ireland and New Zealand.③In the Philippines the officail language is English.（T）

④ In Hong Kong, many people learn English as a second language.

（F）→In Hong Kong, many people learn English as a first or second language. ⑤English is not the working language of WTO. （F）→English is the working language of WTO.⑥ To have a good knowledge of English will become more and more important.（T）

㈢Comprehension exercise：

①What does this sentenses\"English is a language spoken all around world\" mean? A.More than 750 million people speak English as their native language or as a second language B.More than 750 million people learn English as a foreign language.C.English is the working language of most international organisations, trade and tourism.D.All the above ②In which countries do we find English is used as the second language? A.Canada, India, Pakistan, Nigeria, the Philippines and New Zealand.B.South Africa, Australia, India, Pakistan, Nigeria and

C.The Philippines, India, Pakistan, Nigeria, Singapore and Hong Kong in China D.Irelang, Australia, Singapore, Midway Island, Tuekey and Panama

③In which country do all people speak English? A.In China

B.In India

C.In America

D.In Singapore ④In China, all the people speak _____? A.Chinese

B.English

C.dialet

D.Putonghua ⑤Why is English so important that we Chinese should learn it? Because_____.A.all the Chinese people speak English

B.the Chinese use English as a second language C. the Chinese use English as a working language

D.English is spoken all around world

Key：DCCDD ㈣ Main ideas：

P1：More than 750 million people speak English as their native language or as a second language P2：More than 750 million people learn English as a foreign language.P3：English is the working language of most international organisations, trade and tourism.StepⅤ.Lauguages pints ENGLISH AROUND THE WORLD（世界各地的英语）

1．English is a language spoken all around world.（英语是世界各地都讲的一种语言。）

★spoken all around the world过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于定语从句...which is spoken all around the world。单个的过去分词作定语，往往前置。而过去分词短语作定语要后置。及物动词的过去分词作定语往往含有被动和完成的意思。而不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表完成而不表被动。

a damaged computer一台损坏了的计算机

fallen leaves落叶

a bridge built last year去年修建的桥梁

the work finished yesterday昨天完成的工作 2．There are more than 42 countries where the majority of the people speak English.

（不止42个国家的人讲英语。）

★此句中包含着一个由where引导的定语从句，当先行词是表示地点的名词时，后常接由where引导的定语从句，where是关系副词，在句中作状语。

That is the buildingswheresmy father works.这是我父亲工作的大楼。

★more than意为“多于，不止”。

There were more than 1000 people at the party.有1000多人参加了聚会。

Her performance is more than good, it was perfect.她的表演非常好，可以说是完美的。

no more than意为“仅仅”；not more than意为“不超过，顶多”

She ate no more than a slice of toast for breakfast.她早餐只吃了一片吐司。

★majority n.“大多数,大部分,多数,过半数,大多数”。

The majority were on Ben\'s side.大多数人都站在本的一边。

a/the majority of„后面的谓语动词多用复数

The majority of students were indifferent to the political meeting.

大多数的学生对政治集会不关心。 3．Most native speakers of English are found in the United Kingdom, the United States of America, Canada, Australia, South Africa, Ireland and New Zealand.In total, for more than 375 million people English is their mother tongue.（在英国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、南非、爱尔兰、新西兰，大多数人以英语为母语，总共有三亿七千万多人的母语是英语。）

★native a.天生的 ；出生地的,祖国的,家乡的 ；本土的,本国的,土生的 ；(某地)特有的,原产的 n.本地人,本国人 ；(某地)原有的动(植)物

They are native speakers of English.他们的母语是英语。

He has been away from his native Poland for three years.他离开故土波兰已有三年了。

The giant panda is native to China.大熊猫是中国特有的动物。

Are you a native here, or just a visitor?你是本地人?或者只是过客?

The kangaroo is a native of Australia.袋鼠是澳大利亚的土生动物。

4．An equal number of people learn English as a second language.These people will perhaps speak the language of their own country at home with their family, but the language of the government, schools, newspapers and TV is English.（还有同样多的人把英语作为第二种语言，这些人在家有可能和他们的家人讲本国语，但是官方、学校、报纸、电视都用英语。）

★as介词，意为“担任„„，作为，如同„„”。

She works as a secretary.她担任秘书工作。

Since the little boy\'s mother died, his older sister has acted as his mother.

自从那小男孩的母亲死后，他姐姐就象妈妈一样照顾他。

★the number of后跟可数名词复数形式，但谓语动词用单数形式。a number of„意为“大量的„„”，后面接名词的复数形式。

The number of students in our school is 6000.我们学校的学生的数量是6000。

A large number of trucks, cars and buses had to stop because of the heavy snow.

由于大雪，大量的卡车、小汽车、公共汽车不得不停开。

考题：The number of people invited__fifty,but a number of them__absent for different reasons.

A.were;was B.was;was C.was;were（√）

D.were;were 5．This situation is found in countries such as India, Pakistan, Nigeria and the Philippines.

（这种情况在很多国家都存在，如印度、巴基斯坦、尼日利亚和菲律宾。）

6．However, the number of people who learn English as a foreign language is more than 750 million.（然而，把英语当作外语学习的人有七亿五千多万人）。Everywhere in the world children go to school to learn English.（世界各地的孩子上学学英语。） Most people learn English for five or six years at high school.（大多数人在中学学5到6年的英语。） In China students learn English at school as a foreign language, except for those in Hong Kong，where many people speak English as a first or a second language.（在中国，学生把英语作为一种外语学习。但香港的学生不同，在那儿有许多人把英语当作第一或第二语言。）

★except意为“除了„„”，后面可以接名词或代词，介词短语，动词不定式，还可以接从句。

I can take my holidays at any time except in August.

除八月外，我什么时候都可以休假。

He goes to the library every day except when it rains.除了下雨天，他每天去图书馆。

He stood still except that his lips moved.他站在那里除了嘴唇在动外，一动也不动。

★except for：除了...以外 ；要不是由于

The composition is quite good except for the spelling.

这篇文章除了拼写以外,其他都不错。

I would go to the party with you except for my broken leg.

要不是因为我腿断了,我想与你一起去参加聚会。

★except for／except：except for相当于except，用来引起同类事物中被排除的一项，意为“除„„之外”，常与all, no one, nobody, nothing, nowhere, anyone, anybody, anything, any- where, everyone, everybody, everything, everywhere等不定代词连用。

Everyone has helped except for you.除了你之外，所有的人都帮了忙。

except for也可表总体上肯定某人/物的特点，同时指出次要的不吻合之处。

His composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes.

除了几个拼写错误之外，他的作文写得很好。

This film is wonderful except for a few dialogues.

除去几个对话外，这场电影总体上很精彩。

7．In only fifty years, English has developed into the language most widely spoken and used in the world.（仅仅50年中，英语已经发展成为世界上讲得最多，使用得最广泛的语言。）

★此句中的most widely spoken and used in the world在句中作定语，相当于定语从句which/that is most widely spoken and used in the world.

★develop vt.使成长，使发展 ；开发 ；逐渐产生，逐渐养成；使显影,冲洗(底片)

vi.生长，成长，形成 ；进步，进化 ；发展

Swimming develops the muscles.游泳能使肌肉发达。

The builders are developing that part of the city.建筑商正在开发这座城市的那个地区。

Try to develop good reading habits.要养成良好的阅读习惯。

Plants develop from seeds.植物由种子发育而成。

Her friendship with David developed slowly.她与戴维的友谊发展缓慢

8．English is the working language of most international organisations, international trade and tourism.（英语是大多数国际组织、国际贸易、国际旅游的工作语言。） Businemen and tourists often come to China without being able to speak Chinese.（商人和旅游者经常来中国，他们通常用不着会讲汉语。） Chinese businemen, taxi drivers and students talk with them using English.（中国的商人、出租车司机和学生用英语和他们交谈。 English is also the language of global culture，such as popular music and the Internet.（英语像流行音乐，因特网一样，也是全球性文化。） You can listen to English songs on the radio or use English to communicate with people around the world through the Internet.（你可以通过无线电听英语歌曲也可以用英语和世界各地的人在因特网上交流。 ）

★without为介词，后面接动词时要用V-ing形式。

You can\'t come in without being invited.没有被邀请你不能进来。

I couldn\'t have lived through Christmas without giving you a present.

不给你一件礼物我不可能活过圣诞节。

值得注意的是，除but, except之外的一般介词后面都可跟V-ing形式作宾语。

He makes a living by teaching.他以教书为生。

I look forward to seeing her again.我希望再一次见到她。

★communicate vt.传达，传递，传播(+to) vi.交流思想(或感情,信息等)；交际，交往(+with) ；通讯，通话(+with) Did she communicate my wishes to you?她有没有把我的祝福转告你? We learn a language in order to communicate.我们学习语言是为了交流思想。

He had no way to communicate with his brother.他没有办法与他兄弟联系。

★communicate with sb.意为“和„„交流”。

I often communicate with my friends by telephone.我经常通过电话和我的朋友交流。

9．With so many people communicating in English every day, it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.（每天有这么多人用英语交流，我们可以认识到掌握好英语越来越重要）。

★句中With so many people communicating in English是独立主格结构，该结构由with+名词/代词+V-ing形式构成，常作状语。

Now he could walk only with Xiao Hong supporting him.现在只要小红扶着，他就能走路了。(support的逻辑主语是Xiao Hong，又是with的宾语) He stood there, with his lips trembling.他站在那里，嘴唇在颤动着。

The baby fell from the cradle, with blood coming down from his face.

婴儿从摇篮里掉了下来，血从脸上流了出来。

★have a knowledge of 对„有所了解

StepⅥ.Post Reading and Practise Part two on page 11（Key：p29）

The Third Period

〖语法专讲〗

Step Ⅰ.Greetings and Revision Step Ⅱ.Grammer ㈠ 疑问句的直接引语和间接引语

当把疑问句的直接引语转变为间接引语时，除了时态、人称、地点、时间状语的相应变化外，还应把疑问语序改为陈述语序。一般疑问句的间接引语还应用连词if或whether来引导。

“Are you pleased?”asked Tom.→Tom asked if she was pleased.

“Do you need to wear any jewellery?”asked John.

→John asked whether you need to wear any jewellery.

“How much is the necklace worth?”asked the woman.

→The woman asked how much was the necklace worth.

“Where have you been all these years?”asked Jack.

→Jack askedswheresI had been all those years. ㈡ 祈使句的直接引语变间接引语

祈使句的直接引语改为间接引语时常改为tell/ask/order/sb.(not) to do的形式。例：

①“Put your coat in the closet,”the landlord said to him.

→ The landlord asked him to put his coat in the closet.

②The father said to his children,“Don\'t move!”

→The father told his children not to move.

从例句可见：句①是表示“请求”的口气；句②是表示“命令”的口气。 由此看来，当我们转述祈使句时，通常将原句中的动词变为动词不定式，并在不定式的前面加上ask, order, tell等转述动词，形成三种结构：⑪表示邀请、请求某人做某事时用ask sb.to do sth.；⑫表示叫、吩咐某人做某事时用tell sb.to do sth.；⑬表示命令某人做某事时用order sb.(not) to do sth.。例如：

①She said to us, “Please have a rest.” →She asked us to have a rest.

②The old man said, “Don\'t smoke in the hall.”

→The old man told me not to smoke in the hall.

③The officer said, “Go away.” →The officer ordered us to go away.

④“Go to the office and get the book for me.”The teacher said to Mike.

→The teacher told Mike to go to the office and get the book for her. ⑤“Don\'t make a noise in cla.”The teacher said to the students.

→The teacher told the students not to make a noise. 注意：当祈使句的直接引语变为间接引语时，因为祈使句表示“请求”、“命令”等口气，所以祈使句直接引语变为间接引语时不存在时态的变化。但是人称、指示代词、时间、地点状语等的变化还应根据陈述句直接引语变间接引语的方法进行相应的改变。

One of the doctors said, “Let me go on with the operation, Dr.Bethune.”

→ One of the doctors asked Dr.Bethune to let him go on with the operation.

不知道同学们注意到没有，该句直接引语中有个称呼语Dr.Bethune，一般把它当作宾语用。再如：

“Go and wash your face, Tom,” Mother said.→Mother told Tom to go and wash his face.

顺便提一下，祈使句的间接引语变直接引语也应该遵循陈述句间接引语变直接引语的方法。例如： Wei Fang asked him to give it to her.

→“Give it to me, please,” Wei Fang said to him.

只要同学们认真记住以上三种祈使句直接引语变间接引语的基本结构，相信同学们一定能学会祈使句的直接引语变间接引语。

㈢ 直接引语变间接引语时态不变的几种情况

一般地，直接引语变间接引语时，时态要发生变化；然而，时态不变的情况主要有：

1． 若直接引语表述的是客观事实、科学真理和格言时。如：

The teacher said, “The earth moves round the sun.”

→The teacher said that the earth moves round the sun.

The old man said, “There are twelve months a year.”

→The old man said that there are twelve months a year. 2． 若直接引语所表述的事在目前和说话时同样有效时。如：

He said, “I am a man, not a woman.” →He said that he is a man, not a woman.

She said, “I like playing football.” →She said that she likes playing football. 3． 若直接引语为一般现在时，且表示反复出现或经常性、习惯性的动作时。如：

Tom said, “ I have lunch at school every day.”

→Tom said that he has lunch at school every day.

4． 若主句的时态是一般现在时、现在进行时或一般将来时时。如：

He often says, “I will never forget you.”→He often says he will never forget me.

He will say, “I have done my best.”→He will say that he has done his best. 5． 若直接引语是过去完成时。如：

The girl said to her mother, “I had finished my homework before supper.”

→The girl told her mother that she had finished her homework before supper.

6． 若在当天转述别人的话，且直接引语中含有明确的表示过去的时间状语时。如：

Lily said to me, “I was late for cla yesterday.”

→Lily told me that she was late for cla yesterday.7.若直接引语中含有when, since, while等引导的表示过去的时间状语从句,变间接引语时,从句时态不变。如：

She said, “I went there when I was six years old.”

→ She said she had gone there when she was six years old.

8.若直接引语的谓语中含有would, should, might, must, used to, ought to, had better等动词时。如：

She said, “We should help each other.” → She said we should help each other. 9.若对刚说过的话马上转述时。如：

Jim: I have been a teacher.

Lucy: What did Jim say?

→Tom: Jim said that he has been a teacher. ㈣ 练习：A)变下列直接引语为间接引语。

1.“Stop talking!”the monitor said to the cla. 2.“Repeat it three times,” the teacher said to her. 3.“Will you buy some bread for me?” he said to her.4.“Don\'t take off your coat,” she said to her sister.5.“Stay here!” the officer said to the soldier.

B)填空完成间接引语，每空一词。

6.“Don\'t forget to give the meage to my wife,” he said to Li Ping.

He _______ Li Ping _______ _______ forget to give the meage to _______ wife. 7.“Mum, please help me find my shirt,” he said.

He _______ his mother _______ help _______ find _______ shirt. 8.“Use your knife to cut the boots open,” the officer said to the guard.

The officer _______ the guard _______ _______ _______ knife to cut the boots open. 9.“Don\'t spend too much time on football!” Mother said to me.

Mother _______ me _______ _______ _______ too much time on football. 10.“Will you sleep and get up early, children?” Father said.

Father _______ the children _______ _______ and _______ up early.

C)单项选择。

11.“Don\'t worry about me,” she _______ her sister.

A.said to

B.referred to

C.thanked to

D.spoke 12.“ _______ help me with my English?”she said.

A.Shall we

B.Do you

C.Could you

D.Might you 13.She told me _______ a noise in the hall.

A.don\'t make B.not to make

C.make not to

D.to make not 14.Martin _______ his dog to lie down under the big tree.

A.made

B.had

C.promised

D.ordered 15.His father asked the boy, “ _______ are doing this for?”

A.What; you

B.Which; you

C.Where; we

D.Why; we

Key：

A) 1.The monitor told the cla to stop talking.2.The teacher asked her to repeat it three times.

3.He asked her to buy some bread for him. 4.She asked her sister not to take off her coat.

5.The officer ordered the soldier to stay there.

B) 6.told; not to; his

7.asked;to; him; his

8.ordered;to use his

9.told;not to spend

10.asked;to sleep; get

C)11—15 ACBDA

StepⅢ.Ex 1.2.3 on page 12 in Grammar StepⅣ.Ex 1.2 on page 93 in Grammar： StepⅤ.Lauguages pints 1．The young father told his children to stand still. ★stand stil：站在那儿一动不动,stand意为处于某种状态,也有人认为这是一种双重谓语结构.2．Mother told me to not to leave the door open after midnight. ★leave...open：leave意为听任,使处于某种状态

He left the windows open.他让窗子开着。

He will never leave a job unfinished.他干什么事从来没有不干完的.3．turn down the radio. ★turn down：关小(音量等)；拒绝

You\'d better turn down the radio,for the baby is sleeping. His proposal was turned down.他的提议被拒绝了。 4．Don\'t stay up too late. ★stay up：熬夜,不去睡觉

She stayed up reading until midnight.她看书看到半夜才睡。

The Fourth Period

Step Ⅰ.Greetings and Revision（p34） Step Ⅱ. Fast reading（p34）

⑪Two questions（p34）

⑫Another eight questions（p34） StepⅢ.Exercises：（p34）

⑪Ex 1 on page 13：（Key：ＣＤＣＤＤ）

⑫Ex 2 on page 14：（Key：p37） StepⅣ.Lauguages pints AMERICAN ENGLISH AND BRITISH ENGLISH（美国英语和英国英语）

1．Many students want to know about the differences between American English and British English.How did these differences come about?很多学生想了解美国英语和英国英语的区别。这些不同是怎样产生的？

★come about意为“发生”，相当于happen，不及物，没有被动语态。

Can you tell me how the accident came about?你能告诉我事故是怎样发生的吗？

How did it come about that he knew where we were?

他是怎么知道我们在什么地方的呢？

2．There is no quick answer to this question.就这一问题不能立即做出答复。

★问题的答案,介词常用to，又如：the key to the door；

the entrance to the building；

notes to the text；

a solution to the problem; 3．At first the language in Britain and America was the same.In 1776 America became an independent country.起初英国英语和美国英语一样。 1776年美国独立。

★independent a 独立的,自治的,自主的(+of) ；有独立心的，自立的(+of) Many colonies in Africa became independent nations in the 1950\'s.

非洲许多殖民地在二十世纪五十年代成了独立国家。

My elder sisters and brothers have moved away from home and are now independent.

我的哥哥姐姐已从家里搬了出去,现在都自立了。 4．After that, the language slowly began to change.For a long time the language in America stayed the same, while the language in England changed.从那以后，这种语言慢慢地发生变化。很长一段时间美国英语没有变化，而英国英语变了。

★stay：连系动词，“继续，保持，维持某种状态”，后可接形容词或名词。

I hope the weather will stay fine.我希望天气能持续放晴。

We stay friends for many years.我们是多年的朋友了。

I stayed awake throughout the stormy night.那个暴风雨的夜晚我未曾合眼。

★while连词，表示轻微的转折或者对比。

I drink black coffee while he prefers it with cream.我爱喝清咖啡，而他喜欢加奶油的。 5．For example, 300 years ago the English talked about“fall”.Today, most British people talk about“autumn”, but American still talk about“fall”.In the same way Americans still use the expreion“I gue”(meaning“I think”), just as the British did 300 years ago.例如，300年前英国人说“fall”(秋季)。而今天大多数英国人说“autumn”(秋季)，但是美国人仍然说“fall”(秋季)。同样，正如英国人300年前那样，美国人仍然说“I gue”(意为“我想”，英国人说I think)。

6．At the same time, British English and American English started borrowing words from other languages, ending up with different words.与此同时，英国英语和美国英语都从其他语言中吸取一些词汇，结果出现了一些不同的词汇。

★end up with意为“以„„结束，结果会„„，以„„为结局”。

The party ended up with a song that everyone is familiar with.

晚会以大家都熟悉的一首歌曲结束。

It is not right to laugh at the disabled.Maybe some day you will end up with disabilities.

嘲笑残疾人是不对的.也许有一天你也会成为有残疾的人.7．For example, the British took“typhoon”from Chinese, while the Americans took“tornado”from Spanish.例如，英国人从汉语中吸取了“typhoon”(台风)一词，而美国人从西班牙语中吸取了“tornado”(龙卷风)一词。

8．In 1828 Noah Webster published the first American dictionary.He wanted to make American English different from British English, so he changed the spelling of many words.That\'s why the words colour, centre, and traveller are spelt color, center and traveler in American English.Except for these differences in spelling, written English is more or le the same in both British English and American English.1828年，诺亚·韦伯斯特出版了第一本美语字典。他想把美国英语和英国英语区分开，所以他改变了许多词的拼写。那就是为什么“colour, centre, traveller”这些词在美国英语中拼写为“color, center, traveler”。不过，英国英语和美国英语的书面语几乎是一样的。

★more or le意为“差不多，几乎，或多或少，有点儿；大约”。

The repairs will cost , more or le.修理费大约要50美元。

The job is more or le finished.这项工作差不多完成了。

His explanation was more or le helpful.他的解释多少有些帮助。

9．The differences are greater in the spoken language.For example, Americans say dance

/dAns/, and in southern England they say /da:ns/.In America they pronounce not /nat/; in southern England they say /nCt/.However, most of the time people from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other.英国英语和美国英语在口语中的差别更大。例如：美国人说dance/dAns/,而英国南部的人说/da:ns/。 在美国，人们说not/nat/,而在英国南部，人们说/nCt/。 然而，大多数时候来自这两个国家的人毫不费力就能相互听懂。

★have difficulty (in)doing意为“做„„有困难”，也可用have trouble (in) doing。difficulty和trouble前可以有any, great, no等形容词。

She had great difficulty in understanding him.她很难理解他说的话。

I had no difficulty in getting in touch with him.我和他取得联系没有什么困难。 10．American English has changed over the centuries. ★over：在...期间

My grandchildren will stay over Christmas.我的孙儿孙女们圣诞节期间将呆在这儿。 11．They started to use English,but they also brought in some words from their own language. ★bring in：产生(利润、进息、收入)；进口；引进

In America,pop singers may bring in millions of dollars each year.

在美国,流行歌手每年可以有数百万的收入. When we bring in new technology,we also bring in new ideas.

我们在引进新技术的同时,同样引入了新的观念.12．There are a great many American Indian words. ★a great many=a good many：很多，和复数名词连用 There are a good many people in the hall.大厅里有很多人。

workbook 1．Hi, long time no see.好久不见了.口语用法.（p92）

2．It\'s been nice talking to you.Bye.=\'It\'s nice talking to you\' or \'It\'s nice to talk to you\'（p92）

[注意]前者多见于分手时使用.后者见面也可以使用.3．She tole him to shut up.（p93）

★shut up(使)住口

Will you children shut up?! I can\'t concentrate on my work.

孩子们可以请你们闭嘴吗?我没法子专心工作。

Can\'t you shut your friend up? 你不能叫你朋友闭嘴吗? 4．He told me to move my chair a little bit closer to his bed.（p94）

★a little bit有点；有几分

You\'d better speak a little bit slowlier so that you can make yourself understood.

你最好说慢点,这样别人可以听懂你的意思.5．He has married a Chinese girl.（p94）

★marryvt.娶;嫁,和...结婚 vi.结婚

He is going to marry Jane.他将与简结婚。

He didn\'t marry until he was fifty.他直到五十岁才结婚。

注意：和某人结婚多长时间了,即表示状态要用be married (to)；询问对方结婚了没有,常用Are you married?(当然,类似问题涉及隐私,慎用!) 6．I wish we could see each other more often,but that\'s too difficult.（p94）

★wish：wish后面的从句应使用虚拟语气,其构成取决于时间

I wish (that) I had never met her.我要是没遇见过她就好了。(对过去而言) I wish (that) I were/was younger.我真希望能年轻一些。(对现在而言) 7．Not only did Xiaohua learn a lot of English from her Canadian teacher,she also became very interested in Canadian.（p95）

★not only„but also„在连接句子时,not only后面的句子要使用倒装结构.另外,but also有时仅用but或also或but...too或but...also或but...as well 注意：连接主语时,动词的数采用邻近原则.8．I try to read as many books as I can find about Canadian.（p95）

★as many as：和...一样多(复数相关) You may take as many as you want.你要多少就可拿多少。

9．Write a letter in the name of Wang Ning to Mr Smith,who works for the newspaper 21st Century.（p96）

★in the name of：以...的名义

Stop doing that, in the name of God!看在上帝的分上,别干了! StepⅤ.Summary and Homework（p37）

〖else 用法自述〗

在Unit 2第9页上有这样一个短句：

Anything else?

你了解else的用法吗？下面让我们一起来听听它的自我介绍。

Hello, everyone! 我叫else，在英语词汇大家庭里是个小不点，但千万别小瞧我的功用。不信你瞧瞧连高考题也把我视为上宾。

1) —I hear they aren\'t pleased with the house you\'ve chosen for them.

—Well, ____could they live in such comfort?(NMET2003)

A.where else

B.what else

C.how

D.why

[key:A] 2) If this dictionary is not yours, ____ can it be?(NMET2001)

A.what else

B.who else

C.which else\'s

D.who else\'s [key:D]

这下你可相信了吧。我天生就不像有些人爱出风头，只喜欢默默地跟在他人后面，作出自己应有的贡献。但为了大家能理解我，我还是得自我介绍一下。

1.我else是个副词，与不定代词、疑问代词、否定代词或副词连用，表示“除已提到的以外”，“另外”，“其他”的意思，用于anybody, everything, somewhere和其它所有由any-, every-, some-, no-开始及由-body, -one, -thing, -where结尾的词的后面，作为它们的助手。如：

Would you like anything else to drink, Mi Yang? 杨小姐，你还要喝点别的什么吗？

Nobody else understands me as well as you do.别人没有一个像你这样了解我。 Nothing else, thank you.不要别的了，谢谢你。

2.我else还可用在who和what及where, how和why后面表示强调。如：

Who else will go to the medical conference?还有谁要去参加医学大会?

I went nowhere else this afternoon.今天下午我哪也没去。

3.我else还可以与little, (not)much连用。如：

They said they had a bit of bread and little else.

他们说他们有一点儿面包,没有什么别的了。

There isn\'t much else to do except pray.现在除了祈祷之外,也没有什么太多的办法了。

4.我else的所有格形式是else\'s ，读作[`elsiz]。如：

Since the pen is not yours, who else\'s is it? 既然这枝钢笔不是你的，那是谁的呢？

5.我还常用于固定结构or else, 意为“否则”， “要不然”。如：

Let\'s get moving, or else we\'ll mi our flight.咱们走吧,要不就赶不上飞机了。

另外，or else还可用在句尾,表示“威胁、警告”。如：

Give me the money or else!把钱还给我,不然的话,哼!

OK!That\'s all for my speech.Thank you.

〖knowledge 用法点击〗

请先看下面两道高考题：

①One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain____good knowledge of basic word formation.(2002上海高考)

A./

B.the

C.a

D.one

②Many people agree that____knowledge of English is a must in____international trade today.

A.a; 不填

B.the; an

C.the; the

D.不填; the (NMET96)

这两道题表面上是考查冠词的用法，但其实质均是考查knowledge的用法。Knowledge is power.(知识就是力量。)下面就为同学们补充点力量吧！

一、knowledge一词的基本用法

1.作不可数名词，意为“了解；理解”。

A baby has no knowledge of good and evil.小孩不了解善恶。

He has got full knowledge of what you said in cla.

他完全领会了你在课堂上所讲的内容。

2.作不可数名词，意为“见闻；个人的知识”。

The girl is said to have had only limited knowledge of computers.

据说这个女孩的计算机知识很有限。

Though he has been to Paris twice, he has not too much knowledge about French food.

虽然他曾两次去过巴黎，但他对法国食品不太了解。

3.作不可数名词，意为“学问；学识；知识”。

Her uncle is a man with a lot of knowledge on farming.

她的叔叔是一个农业知识丰富的人。

The sun lights up the world; knowledge the hearts and souls of people.

太阳照亮世界，知识照亮人的心与灵魂。

Knowledge is like a fishing net; the wider and stronger it is, the more fish it catches.

知识像一张鱼网；鱼网越宽越牢，网住的鱼就越多。

4.当knowledge指具体某方面的知识时，可以是可数名词，常用a knowledge of。

We need a guide who has a good knowledge of Chongqing\'s history.

我们需要一个精通重庆历史的向导。

It\'s known that a knowledge of many languages is not a piece of cake.

众所周知，通晓多门语言不是件容易的事。

二、knowledge构成的常用习惯短语

1.to one\'s knowledge 据某人所知；确知属实

To my knowledge, he has never lied before.据我所知，他以前从未撒谎。

That\'s impoible, because to my knowledge he was in France at that time.

那不可能, 因为我确实知道他那时在法国。

2.come to one\'s knowledge被某人知悉

It has come to our knowledge that the factory will soon be closed.

据我们所了解，这个工厂很快就要关闭了。

3.be common / public knowledge 人所共知

Don\'t keep it secret—it\'s common knowledge already.

别保密了——其实已尽人皆知了。

4.with / without one\'s knowledge 告知 / 未告知某人

He sold the company without his wife\'s knowledge.他瞒着妻子把公司卖了。

由此可见，本文开头的两道高考题均是考查knowledge作具体某方面的“知识”讲，前面应该加不定冠词，故正确答案分别为C、A。

〖重点词语透视〗 1.in total 总共

So far, there have been three countries which can send man into space in total.

到目前为止，总共有三个国家能把人送入太空。

2.stay up不睡；熬夜；挺立。为不及物动词短语，其后不能接宾语。

She often stayed up far into the night to design a new software.

为设计一种新的软件，她经常工作到深夜。

The strong houses can stay up in an earthquake.牢固的房子在地震中不会倒塌。

3.come about 产生。为不及物动词短语，其后不能接宾语。

How do you think these differences come about? 你认为这些差异是如何产生的？

4.end up with...以„„告终

If he goes on driving like that, he\'ll end up with death.他照这样开车，早晚得死于非命。

5.bring in 引进；引来。为及物动词短语，其后常接名词作宾语。

Some new ways to cure cancers have been brought in from abroad.

从国外引进了一些治疗癌症的新方法。

6.compare vt.比较；比作。常用于compare...with /to...意为“把„„同„„比较”或“把„„比作„„”。

If you compare her work with his, you\'ll find hers is much better.

要是把他俩的工作比较一下，你就会发现她的好得多。

The poet compared her teeth to pearls.诗人把她的牙齿比作珍珠。

7.a good knowledge of 通晓；熟知

Many people agree that a good knowledge of English is a must in international trade today.

许多人都同意精通英语是当今国际贸易所必需的。

8.turn down开小；调低；拒绝。为及物动词短语，其后通常接名词作宾语。

It\'s too noisy.Could you turn down the radio? 太吵闹了，你可以把收音机开小点儿吗？ Why did you turn down my reasonable request? 你为什么拒绝我的合理要求？

9.with sb./sth.+Ｖ-ing 表示“随着„„的进行”，这里宾语(sb./sth.)和宾语补足语(Ｖ-ing)之间应为主动或进行关系。

She felt very nervous with so many people looking at her.

那么多人看着她，她紧张极了。

10.on one\'s way在„„的路上；即将；在进行中

Mi Zhang is on her way to be a doctor.张小姐就要成为医生了。

When I got to the cinema, the movie was well on its way.

当我到电影院时，电影早开演了。

〖单元易混词语精练与点拨〗

一、for example; such as; like

1.We all study foreign languages ______ English, French or Japanese. 2.Noise, ______, is a kind of pollution.

3.Some of the European languages come from Latin, ______French, Italian and Spanish. 4.Some warm-blooded animals, ______ the cat, the dog or the wolf, do not need to hibernate.

【答案】1.such as

2.for example

3.such as

4.like / such as

【点拨】三者都表示“例如”之意，但具体用法有别。for example作“例如”讲，一般只以同类事物或人中的“一个”为例，作插入语，用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末。such as也作“例如”讲，用来列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。 注意：使用such as来举例子，只能举出其中的一部分，一般不能全部举出。若全部举出，要改用namely(意为：即)。like 也常用来表示举例，可与such as互换。 注意：such as 用于举例时可以分开使用，这时不能与 like 互换。

二、but;except; except that; besides

1.All of them ______ me had been there before.

2.The doctor told him to do nothing ______ have a rest. 3.We go to work every day _____ Satur- day and Sunday. 4.The suit fits me well ______ the trousers are too long. 5.There will be five of us for dinner, _______ John.

【答案】 1.but / except

2.but

3.except / but

4.except that

5.besides

【点拨】四者均有“除外”之意，但用法不同。but 用作介词，作“除了„„”解，常与有否定意义的词连用。except 用作介词，表示“除„„之外(不再有)”之意，指从整体中排除except 所带的人或物。它前面常有all，every，any，no等及其构成的复合词。except后还可接 that， when 等引导的从句。besides作“除„„之外(还有)”解，表示的意义是在原来的基础上加上 besides外的人或物。besides前常有other，another，also，any other，a few等词。

三、forget to do sth.; forget doing sth.

1.Don\'t ______（shake） the bottle before use. 2.I\'ll never ______（hear）her singing that song.

【答案】1.forget to shake

2.forget hearing

【点拨】forget to do sth.表示“别忘了要做某事”，to do sth.指尚未发生的动作；forget doing sth.表示“忘记了曾经做过的事情”，doing sth.表示已发生的动作。

四、the number of; a number of

1.______ people coming to the meeting is 1,000. 2._____ people have attended the meeting.

【答案】1.The number of

2.A number of

【点拨】the number of意为“„„的数目”，后加可数名词复数形式，在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 a number of 意为“许多”，相当于many，后接可数名词复数，一般作定语，修饰后面的复数名词，谓语动词用复数。

〖单元考点透视全真考题解读〗

1.NANCY：You must be very tired.Did you sleep at all on the plane?

考点透视：情态动词must表示“推测”时只用于肯定句中，意思是“准是;一定”，否定句用can\'t 或couldn\'t。推测用法的反意疑问句的附加问句不是根据must，而是根据其后的谓语动词，即与其后面的动词相呼应。

①Naturally, after I told her what to do, my daughter _______ go and do the opposite!

A.may

B.can

C.must

D.should

解读：由Naturally“自然地”提示可知女儿经常做与“我”所告诉她相反的事情，由此可知must表示推测，且用于肯定句，而may表示推测的语气较弱，与Naturally相矛盾，故选C。

②Michael _______ be a policeman, for he is much too short.

A.needn\'t

B.can\'t

C.should

D.may

解读：由much too short可知空处是表示否定的推测“不可能”，所以选B。

2.MS SMITH：Harry, take these two pizzas to Mr Thompson on Board Street, Number 12.

考点透视：祈使句表示命令、请求、号召、叮嘱等，其主语（you）通常省掉。谓语动词用动词原形，否定形式是在谓语动词前加上don\'t。祈使句的反意疑问句用will you或won\'t you，如果祈使句是否定句，则用will you。

③Don\'t be discouraged._______ things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life.

A.Taking

B.To take

C.Take

D.Taken

解读：从并列连词and可以推断填谓语动词，而A、B、D都是非谓语动词，不能单独构成谓语，故选C。本题实际上是“祈使句+and + 陈述句”句型，前一分句表示条件，后一分句表示结果。

④_____ some of this juice—perhaps you\'ll like it.

A.Trying

B.Try

C.To try

D.Have tried

解读：从破折号的解释说明可知本句表示请求、提议，所以用祈使句，谓语动词用动词原形，故选B。

⑤If you want help—money or anything, let me know, _____ you?

A.don\'t

B.will

C.shall

D.do

解读：祈使句的反意疑问句用will you，表示请求，故选B。

3.This situation is found in countries such as India, Pakistan, Nigeria and the Philippines.

考点透视：situation的意思是“形势;状况;事态”，如：The situation is very difficult.situation还有“处境很困难;地势、地理位置”等意思。

⑥The collapse of the World Trade Centre has put US economy in a difficult ________.

A.occasion

B.case

C.situation

D.background

解读：句意是“世贸大厦的倒塌已经使美国的经济陷入困境”，故选C。occasion意思是“场合;时机;机会”；case的意思是“案例;情形”；background的意思是“背景；后台”。

4.With so many people communicating in English every day, it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English. 考点透视：with+名词/代词+过去分词/现在分词/不定式/形容词/副词/介词短语所构成的独立主格结构可以作状语。

⑦With a lot of difficult problems_____, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.

A.settled

B.settling

C.to settle

D.being settled

解读：句意是“因为有许多难题要解决，新当选的总统日子不好过。”既然问题是有待于解决，那么就用不定式表示将来，故选C。

⑧ ______ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.

A.As

B.For

C.With

D.Through

解读：本题是with+复合宾语结构，作原因状语，故选C。如果选A，则改为：As production is up by 60%...；如果选B，则改为：The company has had another excellent year, for production is up by 60%.

5.He wanted to make American English different from British English, so he changed the spelling of many words.

考点透视：连词so可以引导结果状语从句，意思是“因而; 所以; 那么”，引导结果状语的连词一般不置于句首。

⑨The shop doesn\'t open until 11 a.m., ______ it loses a lot of busine.

A.for

B.or

C.but

D.so

解读：“这家商店到上午十一点才开门”表示原因，“商店失去好多生意”是结果，故选D。

〖基础训练题〗 ㈠ 语音、词汇

A）从A、B、C、D中选出与所给单词划线部分读音相同的选项

1.bathroom

A.southern

B.health

C.clothes

D.farther 2.broad

A.broadcast

B.lifeboat

C.goat

D.roadside 3.repeat

A.European

B.pleased

C.headache

D.greatly 4.government A.tongue

B.compare

C.global

D.movement 5.expreion

A.replace

B.president

C.independent D.equal

B）根据句意、所给单词首字母及所给汉语，写出各句中所缺单词的完全与正确形式 1.The man there was very t _______ from working all day.

2.Workers and peasants make up the m _______ of our country\'s population. 3.Chinese is my n _______ language.

4.A t _______ of 200 people visited the place today. 5.The United Nations is an international o _______ .

6.The sportsmen are all ready, waiting for the s _______ to start running. 7.Once it _______ （出版）, this book will be very popular. 8.We can safely draw a conclusion from the _______（表情）on her face that she is pretty satisfied with the election result.

9.She washed her face, _______ （整理）her hair and went to tea. 10.All countries now encourage _______ （旅游业）.

Key：1.tired

2.majority 3.native 4.total 5.organisation

6.signal

7.is published

8.expreion

9.tidied

10.tourism ㈡ 同步语法（直接引语和间接引语）

A）根据句型及句意将下列直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词。 1.Alice said, “I\'ve just got a letter from my father.”

Alice said that _______ just got a letter from _______ father. 2.Jane asked Dick, “Have you finished writing the report?”

Jane asked Dick _______ _______ _______ _______ writing the report. 3.“Don\'t grow plants in the same place year after year,”the farmer said.

The farmer ______me ______ ______ ______ plants in the same place year after year. 4.Mr Smith said to the girl, “I will come here to see you next Sunday.”

Mr Smith_____the girl that_____ ______ _____there to see_____ _____ _____ Sunday. 5.“Why are you late?” the teacher asked the boy.

The teacher asked the boy _______ _______ late.

Key： 1.she had; her

2.if/whether he had finished

3.told;not to grow

4.told；he would go；her the next

5.why he was

B）根据句型及句意将下列间接引语变为直接引语，每空一词。 1.He told me that a friend in need is a friend indeed.

He _______ _______ me, “A friend in need _______ a friend indeed.” 2.She asked the students to tidy the lab.

“ _______ _______ the lab,”she _______ to the students. 3.He said that he liked the film very much.

He said, “ _______ _______ the film very much.” 4.She said that she had received a letter two days before.

She said ,“ _______ _______ a letter _______ _______ _______ .” 5.He asked me whether I liked black tea or green tea.

He asked me, _______ _______ _______ “ black tea or green tea?”

Key：1.said to； is

2.Please tidy；said

3.I like

4.I received；two days ago

5.Do you like ㈢ 课本要点

A）从A、B、C、D中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。

1.The two dictionaries _______ the word differently.

A.pronounce

B.speak

C.read

D.say 2.The river near our school is _______ the one near your hometown.

A.three times as wider as

B.as broad three times as

C.three times as broad as

D.wide as three times as 3.Now _______ the words and phrases exactly as you hear them.

A.say

B.speak

C.repeat again

D.repeat

4.We are glad to know _______ of doctors believe that smoking will do much harm our health.

A.the majority; to

B.majorities; for

C.a majority; to

D.the majorities; for

5.His____income of a year is ￡ 500.His yearly income ___￡ 500.It reached ___of ￡ 500.

A.total; totals; total

B.totals; totals; totals

C.total; total; a total D.total; totals; a total 6.An _______ meeting is said _______ to discu the situation in Iraq.

A.internationally; to be held

B.international; to hold

C.international; to hold

D.international; to have been held 7.She _______ an angry expreion.

A.gave

B.wore

C.gave off

D.took out 8.The strike ended _______ victory.

A.up

B.in

C.at

D.after 9.People in China compare the _______ to _______ .

A.West Lake; a beauty

B.Dongting Lake; a woman

C.Taihu Lake; a sea

D.Great Lake; an ocean 10.I didn\'t _______ you to see and read the letter.

A.mean

B.mind

C.hope

D.observe

11.—Do you want to go to the party this evening?

— _____ , I\'d prefer to stay at home.

A.Not really

B.Don\'t you know

C.Bad luck

D.It\'s a pity 12.—The light in the office is still on.

—Oh, I forgot _______ .

A.turning it off

B.turn it off

C.to turn it off

D.having turned it off

13.The number of people invited___fifty, but a number of them___absent for different reasons.

A.were; was

B.was; was

C.was; were

D.were; were

14.With their income___, more and more people are now considering buying cars of their own.

A.to increase

B.has increased

C.increasing

D.is increasing 15.The boy usually goes to school by bike except _______ it rains.

A.for

B.that

C.不填

D.when

16.— _______ to hear that you\'ve got a job in Shanghai.Congratulations!

—Thank you.

A.I\'m glad

B.I\'m afraid

C.I\'m sorry

D.I\'m thankful

17.—What do you think of our city?

— _______ .The people are so friendly.

A.Not at all

B.That\'s right

C.It\'s very bad

D.It\'s a nice place 18.—Let me introduce myself.I\'m Albert.

— _______ .

A.What a pleasure

B.It\'s my pleasure

C.Pleased to meet you

D.I\'m very pleased 19.—Excuse me, do you mind if I sit here?

— _______ .

A.Yes, please sit here

B.Of course not, please sit

C.No, not at all

D.Yes, take a seat please 20.—Hello, Mary.I haven\'t seen you for a long time._______ ?

—Just fine, thanks.How about you?

A.What\'s the matter

B.How\'s everything going

C.How\'s everything happening

D.What\'s on recently

B）用所给动词及短语的正确形式填空（注意有多余的选项）。

make oneself at home, repeat, communicate with, exchange, stay up, replace, bring in, end up with, come about, compare with, publish, equal

1.Two plus two _______ four.

2.I found that he _______ before such a big audience. 3.My parents do not permit me _______ late.

4.At the end of the talks, the only agreement was _______ information. 5.The concert _______ the singing of the national anthem.

6.We _______ each other since we graduated from the university. 7.I was asked to explain how all these _______ .

8.Can anything ______a mother\'s love and care?

9.We will _____a good harvest in autumn. 10.Of those who work, thirty-two percent have attended college, _______ twenty percent of those who do not have jobs.

Key：1.equals

2.made himself at home

3.to stay up

4.to exchange

5.ended up with 6.have communicated with

7.had come about

8.replace

9.bring in

10.compared with C）根据句意和汉语意思完成句子。

1.When I first got to Wisconsin, I__（厌倦）eating such kind of food as hamburger every day. 2.As is known, his songs _______ （受欢迎） the young. 3.He knows some English _______ （或多或少）.

4._______ （许许多多）people came from all parts of the country to see the exhibition.

5._______ （同样）Americans still use the expreion “I gue”(meaning “I think”), just as the British did 300 years ago.

Key：1.was tired of

2.are popular with

3.more or le

4.A great/good many

5.In the same way

推荐第2篇：高一英语教案

Teaching plan Grammar: present perfect tense

教师：兴义中学英语组 陈昌国

Teaching goals 教学目标 1.Target language 目标语言 A.重点词汇和短语

traffic, present(n.), repaint, bathroom, furniture, decorate, so far, up to now, till now, all one’s life B.重点句式

The traffic in the city has got much worse recently.P34 Xiao Li has stayed in Xiamen all his life.P34 I’ve worked for it for four years now.P36 I’ve known him since September.P36 It’s been very succeful, so far.P36

Up to now, I’ve understood everything the teacher’s said.P36 We’ve had very good weather this winter, till now.P36 2.Ability goals 能力目标 Learn to use present perfect tense.3.Learning ability goals 学能目标

Teach the students learn how to use present perfect tense.Teaching important points 教学重点

The differences between past simple tense and present perfect tense.Teaching difficult points 教学难点

Present perfect tense with verbs to describe events happen at a particular point in time and to describe events that can continue over a period of time.Teaching methods 教学方法 Explanation and practice.Teaching aids 教具准备

A computer, a projector and some slides.Teaching procedures ＆ ways 教学过程与方式 Step I Greetings and Revision T: Good morning / afternoon, everyone! Ss: Good morning / afternoon, Mr / Ms...T: In the last period, I asked you to find out the sentences using present perfect tense in the text.Have you found them? Ss: Yes.T: OK! Now one student, one sentence.And I will ask you some questions according to the sentences you offer.Volunteer? S1: It’s been six years since we last saw each other, you know.T: I have a question.When was the last time that the speaker saw his friend? S1: The last time that the speaker saw his friend was six years ago.S2: This is the first time I’ve visited your hometown.S3: I’ve seen quite a lot of China.T: Do you know when the speaker saw these places? S3: I think the speaker saw these places before he talks to Xiao Li.S4: I’ve visited some beautiful cities.T: Do you know when the speaker visited these cities? S4: I think he visited these cities before he visits Xiao Li’s hometown.S5: They’ve just completed it.T: Is this a recent event? S5: Yes, this is a recent event.S6: They’ve put up a lot of high-rise buildings recently.T: Did they do this a long time ago?

S6: No, they did this not long ago.“Recently” means “not long ago; lately”. S7: My wife’s just bought a beautiful dre from one of the shops there.S8: A friend’s told me about a nice little fish restaurant near here.T: Did this happen recently? S8: Yes, I think so.Step II Grammar 1 T: Now please turn to page 34, and do Activity 2.A few minutes later, ask the students to check the answers.Then let the students work in pairs to talk about an interesting place they have been to to practice the present perfect tense.

T: OK! Now please work in pairs and tell your partners about the interesting places that you have been to.Tell your partners when you went and what you did there.And ask if they have been there.Don’t forget to use the present perfect tense.A sample version: S1: Hi! I haven’t seen you for several months.Where have you been? S2: I have been to France.S1: Really! When did you go there? S2: I went there three months ago.I studied two courses.France is a wonderful place.There are a lot of tourist attractions.Have you been there? S1: No.I wish I could have your luck.Explanation: 1．一般过去时所关心的是过去某时发生的动作，与现在无联系，常有表示过去某时的状语；而现在完成时所关心的是过去发生的动作和现在的联系或对现在产生的影响，强调过去与现在的关系。

2．一般过去时常带有表示过去某时刻的时间状语，例如last night, yesterday, last year, three months ago等；而现在完成时所带时间状语包括说话时在内或与说话时非常接近，例如today, these days, recently, just等。

3．现在完成时与for或since引起的短语连用时，表示从过去开始的动作或状态延续至今；而一般过去时与for引起的短语连用时，只指过去的动作或状态在过去延续了多长时间。 Let the students do Exercise 3 on page 85 of WORKBOOK to further practice the present perfect tense and enable them to distinguish between the present perfect tense and the past simple tense.T: Please turn to page 85 and do Exercise 3 to choose correct forms of the verbs.Check the answers after the students finish it.Step III Grammar 2 Let the students do some exercises to enable them to distinguish verbs that can last and that cannot last.T: Now please look at some verbs on the screen and claify them into two groups.One group is verbs to describe events that can continue over a period of time.And the other group is verbs to describe events that happen at a particular point of time.Show the words on the screen.work, start, join, borrow, buy, give, know, leave, live, open, put, remain, send, stay A few minutes later, check the answers.Sample answers: Verbs to describe events that can continue over a period of time: work, know, live, remain, stay Verbs to describe events happen at a particular point in time: start, join, borrow, buy, give, leave, open, put, and send T: Now let’s do some practice to see how these verbs are used in past prefect tense.Turn to page 36 and do Activity 3.When you do it, please pay attention to the verbs to see which group they belong to, A or B? After a few minutes, check the answers.Explanation: 在现在完成时态中，非延续性动词不能和表示延续概念的“for ＋ 一段时间”的时间状语连用，在此时可用与其意义对应的状态性短语来表示。例如： He has died.他已经死了。

We can’t say “He has died for several years”.Instead, we say: He has been dead for several years./ He died several years ago./ It is several years since he died.T: Please look at the three sentences of Activity 4 on page 36 and answer which phrases have the same meaning.S8: I think the three phrases all have the same meaning.T: Correct.Their meaning is “到目前为止”.Now please work in pairs and ask and answer about what you have learnt so far / up to now this term, in your leons at school.A sample version: A: What have you learnt in your English leons so far this term? B: I’ve learnt three modules.

A: What have you learnt in your maths leons up to now? B: ...Step IV Homework Complete the Exercises 1, 2 ＆ 4 on page 85

推荐第3篇：高一英语教案

Unit 2Working the landByLuo Hai yanThe first period

Teaching aims: 1.Target Language a.Words and phrases

sunburn, struggle, super, expand, circulate, equip, export,rid ...of, be satisfied with, lead a ...life, search for, would rather, thanks to, with the hope of, rather thanb.Important sentences

This special strain of rice makes it poible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields.P10 He cares little about spending the money on himself or leading a comfortable life.P10 2.Ability goals

Enable Ss to learn more about agriculture, countryside and farming.By talking they can exchange their experience with each other.By reading they will realize the role that agriculture plays in human life.In fact this world faces a serious problem—starvation.So after reading the paage about Dr Yuan students will know the importance of his achievement to man.Of course they will learn from Dr Yuan some noble character.3.Learning ability goals

Help Ss learn how to describe Dr Yuan Longping including his personality.Teaching important points

a.Help to comprehend the text and grasp the main idea of the text.b.Grasp the usage of some words and expreions.

c.How to help students make up their minds to make contributions to motherland in the future like Dr Yuan.Teaching difficult points

a.How to help students learn more about agriculture.

b.Help students really master the usage of words and expreions.Teaching methods

Talking, questioning-and-answering activity and reading.Teaching aids

A tape recorder, a projector and a computer.Teaching procedures & ways

Warming up

Step 1.Greeting and Revision 1.Greet the students as normal.

2.Revise the warming up with the following question How do you think to grow our main food--rice?

-----1)First, the farmers plow the field.They have to make the soil loose enough to plant crops.2)Second,grow some young plants

3)Third, they insert the young plants into the loose field.4)At last ,they will get the harvest

Step2 Discu: What steps into crops ? Answers: step1 selet the weedsStep 2 plow the soil .Step 3 sow the seeds

Step 4 remove the weeds and pestsStep 5 harvest .

Step3 Thinking : What would happen if there is no rice to eat tomorrow ? Discu freely

Poible answers : If tmorrow there was no rice to eat ,people will hunger to die .They will eat all of things that can eat ,such as: gra bark ,soil and so on .Even worse ,people will eat each other .the world will be a war of cannibalism .

Step 4 Get the students to think how to solve this problem .Poible answers : 1, Expansion of cultivated area.2, To save food

3, Control population

4, Scientific farming to increase food productionStep 5 Enjoy a poemStep 6 Homework

推荐第4篇：高一英语教案

ReadingAreweendangered

Typeofthetext:reading

Level:intermediateTeachingaims:1.totalkaboutwildlifeendangerment

2.toextendtheknowledgeofwildlifeprotection

3.toimprovereadingskills

4.tolearnthewritingpatternofthetext

Importantpointsinteaching:1.talkingaboutwildlifeendangerment

2.extendingtheknowledgeofwildlifeprotecti

on

Difficultpointsinteaching:1.improvingreadingskills

2.learningawritingpattern

Teachingaroach:filmcli,questioaire,game,internet,prover

Interactivepatter:individualwork,pairwork,groupwork,clawork

Teachingaids:amultimediacomputer,atape,ataperecorder

Timeneeded:45minutes

Students:Senior1students

Preparationbeforethecla:askingthestudentstocollectinformationonwildlifeiueontheinternet

Teachingprocedures:

Step1leading-in

First,filmcliofthemovie\"Kekexili\"

Teacher:Haveyouseenthismovie

(option):Whocansaysomethingaboutthefilm

Next,picturesof\"miludeer\"

Teacher:Doyouknowthenameofthisanimal

Whocansaysomethingaboutit

(option):Theteachercanintroducemiludeertothestudentsifneceary

Finally,morepicturesofendangeredanimalsandplants

Teacher:Todaywehavetwoquestiotodiscuinthisleon

Whyaretheyendangered

Whatcanpeopledotohelpthem

Purpose:toemphasizethefiercefightbetweenthevolunteersandthehunterstoarousestudents\'awareneofprotectingwildlife.

Step2pre-readingactivity

First,Askthestudentstofinishthequestioaire

Then,Askoneortwostudentstoreporttheirawers

Purpose:toletthestudentsknowtherelatiohipbetweenhumanbeingsandanimalsandplantotheycanrealizetheneceitytoprotectwildlife

Step3fastreading

Askthestudentstoreadthetextfasttogetthegeneralideaofeachparagraph.

Atthesametime,analyzethewritingpatternofthetext

Purpose:tostudythetextonthewholeandlearnanewwritingpattern

Step4detailedreading¬e-making

Askthestudentstoreadparagraph2and3againandfinishthenote-makingexercise

Purpose:togettheawerstothetwoquestioinleading-in

Step5languagepoints

First,Coideringthelanguagepointsarenotdifficult,theteacherasksthestudentstolistento

thetapeandpickoutthelanguagepoints

Next,Playagametoseewhichgroupgetsthemostlanguagepoints

Finally,Askthestudentstocompletesomesentenceswi

推荐第5篇：高一英语教案

高一英语教案

编写人：南昌一中外语组李志超

Title: Unit 10The world around us

ReadingAre we endangered?

Type of the text: reading

Level: intermediate

Teaching aims: 1.to talk about wildlife endangerment

2.to extend the knowledge of wildlife protection

3.to improve reading skills

4.to learn the writing pattern of the text

Important points in teaching: 1.talking about wildlife endangerment

2.extending the knowledge of wildlife protection

Difficult points in teaching: 1.improving reading skills

2.learning a writing pattern

Teaching approach: film clips, questionnaire, game, internet, proverbs

Interactive patterns: individual work, pair work, group work, cla work

Teaching aids: a multimedia computer, a tape, a tape recorder

Time needed: 45 minutes

Students: Senior 1 students

Preparation before the cla: asking the students to collect information on wildlife iue on the internet

Teaching procedures:

Step 1 leading-in

First, film clips of the movie “Kekexili”

Teacher: Have you seen this movie?

(option): Who can say something about the film?

Next, pictures of “milu deer”

Teacher: Do you know the name of this animal?

Who can say something about it?

(option): The teacher can introduce milu deer to the students if neceary

Finally, more pictures of endangered animals and plants

Teacher: Today we have two questions to discu in this leon

1) Why are they endangered?

2) What can people do to help them?

Purpose: to emphasize the fierce fight between the volunteers and the hunters to arouse students’

awarene of protecting wildlife.

Step 2 pre-reading activity

First, Ask the students to finish the questionnaire

Then, Ask one or two students to report their answers

Purpose: to let the students know the relationship between human beings and animals and plants

so they can realize the neceity to protect wildlife

Step 3 fast reading

Ask the students to read the text fast to get the general idea of each paragraph.

At the same time, analyze the writing pattern of the text

Purpose: to study the text on the whole and learn a new writing pattern

Step 4 detailed reading & note-making

Ask the students to read paragraph 2 and 3 again and finish the note-making exercise

Purpose: to get the answers to the two questions in leading-in

Step 5 language points

First, Considering the language points are not difficult, the teacher asks the students to listen to

the tape and pick out the language points

Next, Play a game to see which group gets the most language points

Finally, Ask the students to complete some sentences with the phrases from the text

Purpose: to cover the language points

Step 6 talk show

Ask a student to be the host or hoste who guides the other students to a picture show aboutTibetan antelopes.He/she asks his/her clamates to discu “What can we do for Tibetanantelopes?” in groups.

(option) The teacher can suggest the students write a letter to appeal to people to protect Tibetan antelopes and other wild animals and plants

Purpose: to extend the text at an informative and instructive level

Step 7 internet study

Ask the students to display the materials they have found on the internet before the cla Purpose: to encourage the students to use the modern technology for studying

Step 8 Proverbs

Give 3 proverbs for the students to relate what they have learnt in cla with practice

Purpose: to reinforce students’ awarene of protecting wildlife

Appendix: questionnaire

1.Do you think it is poible for us to live without animals or plants?

A.YesB.No

2.How often do you go to the zoo?

A.Very oftenB.SometimesC.SeldomD.Never

3.Will you adopt an animal in the zoo?

A.YesB.No

4.Have you ever keep any pet at home?

A.NeverB.YesC.No, but it is poible

5.What do you think causes the endangerment and extinction of some animals and plants?

A.PollutionB.OverhuntingC.Overusing natural resources

6.Have you ever been in any organizations or groups of wildlife protection?

A.NeverB.YesC.No, but I’d like to

7.Do you often buy products made from some parts of rare animals?

A.SometimesB.NeverC.Not often

Proverbs:

1.It is never too late to mend.

2.It is no use crying over spilt milk.

Kill the goose that laid the golden egg.

推荐第6篇：高一英语教案

Unit 15 Popular youth culture

Enable the students to learn about the reasons why American jeans are so popular.Enable the students to design a questionnaire.

How to design a questionnaire.Skimming, scanning and pairwork.

Step I Revision

Check the students’ homework.

T: Who would like to retell the students’ experiences as volunteers? Ask more students to retell the experiences if poible.

Step II Lead-in

Get the students to look at the pictures on Pages 133 and 134 and answer some questions as follows.

Step III Reading

1.Skimming Get the students to read the paage quickly to find out the answers to the questions on the screen.Show the following to the students.

1.According to the text, why did people in the past like to wear jeans? Would you say this is still true today? 2.Would you say jeans are still as popular with young people today? Why or why not? Check the answers.

2.Scanning Ask the students to read the text again to find out what happened in the years shown on the screen. 重点句式

However, the jeans of today are very much an American invention.Many schools in the USA did not approve of students wearing jeans to school and forbade them.

Step IV Writing

Get the students to learn how to conduct a survey and then ask them to design a questionnaire, collect information and then rewrite the final paragraph.

Step V Reading (Workbook: Pages 260-262)

Ask the students to go through the questions on Pages 260- 262 and then read the paages quickly and silently to choose the correct answers.

Step VI Homework

1.Try to retell the text about the development of American jeans in terms of years.2.Design a questionnaire about music, sports, voluntary work, fashion or other youth culture iues.

3.Conduct a survey among students in our school.

推荐第7篇：高一英语教案

England is a nation in northwest Europe and the largest and most populous constituent country of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total population of the United Kingdom.it is bordered by the North Sea, Irish Sea, Atlantic Ocean, and English Channel.England was formed as a country during the 10th century and takes its name from the Angles — one of a number of Germanic tribes who settled in the territory during the 5th and 6th centuries.The capital city of England is London.England ranks as one of the most influential and far-reaching centres of cultural development in the world; it is the place of origin of both the English language and the Church of England, was the historic centre of the British Empire, and the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution.England's National Day is St George's Day (Saint George being the patron saint), and it is celebrated annually on 23 April.

⑴experience作可数名词时意为“经历，感受，体会”作不可数名词时意为“经验，体验” Eg:You don’t need any experience to work here.

He had many interesting experiences while traveling in Afica.⑵earn作动词意为“赚到，挣得;获得，赢得” eg:To earn a living,you have to work hard.

It wasn’t surprising for her to earn the top score in the test.⑶respect. n.尊敬，敬重

win/earn/gain the respect赢得某人的尊重 have a deep respect for sb由衷的敬重某人 respect sb for(doing)sth因为…而尊敬某人 eg.She has earned the respect of her clamates.eg.She respected him for his honesty.⑷比较average,common,ordinary,usual的用法 ·average意为“一般的，普通的”，强调的是一般的水准或普通水准。在有数字的情况下表示“平均”。

·common意为“普通的，常见的”，它可以指共同的，共有的特征。 ·ordinary意为“普通的，平凡的”，侧重人或事平淡无奇。 ·usual意为“通常的，惯常的”，指熟悉的常用的或习惯性发生的 ⑸ used to do sth.强调过去常常做某事，暗含现在不再做了 be used to sth.(doing sth)习惯于（做）某事 ⑹average adj.平均的，一般的，普通的

on average平均的

above aveage 高于平均水平

below average 低于平均水平eg:On average,nearly twenty traffic accidents happen every day.参考答案：

1.an unforgettable experience 2.with teaching experience 3.The average age of the students 4.It’s not to see 5.as usual 6.like an ordinary girl 7.are used to do a lot of work

推荐第8篇：高一英语教案。一个都不能少.

人教版高一英语上册第五单元第五课时---综合训练课教案

Unit Five:The Silver Screen

The Fifth Leon：Integrating Skills

一．教学目标

1.知识目标：

（1）熟练掌握本课出现的6个单词和5个短语。

单词：primary.leader.determine.live.bo.comment

短语：stay away.take one’s place.lock up.run after.can/could/be able to afford + to do

（2）通过快速阅读和信息提取练习，学生建立英语简单影评写作的知识结构。

2.能力目标：

（1）通过写作练习，学会初步写简单的影评，提高英语书面表达能力。

（2）在视（影视剪辑欣赏）、听（听课内容）、说（回答老师提问）、读

（阅读课文）、写（影评）、小组合作学习等一系列活动中，学生的逻辑思维能力得到提高。

3.情感目标：

（1）通过学习影片内容，学生建立关心他人，关心教育的意识，进一步树立自己的

职业意识。

（2）通过小组活动，学生发展积极配合、积极交流的团队合作精神。

（3）通过发现学习，树立积极思考，学好英语的自信心。

二.教学重点与难点

1.教学重点

（1） 训练学生的快速阅读能力

（2） 引导学生初步学会影评写作。

2.教学难点

(1)掌握影评的写作框架

(2)影评的书面表达。

三．教学方法

1.问题引导法

引导学生大胆探索的同时，发展学生的逻辑思维能力。

2.学案导学法

引导学生自主学习，增强学习能力。

四．学法

1.合作学习法

- 1 -

学生通过小组合作，两人合作等学习方式学会如何积极与人交流合作，培养团队合作精神。

2.发现学习法

以学案为指导，在每个阶段提出明确的任务，使有意学习与机械学习相结合。

五．教辅手段

利用多媒体展示电影片段及帮助学生概括讲解主要内容。

六．教学步骤

教学过程是课堂教学的中心环节,计划通过以下步骤来完成教学任务:

第一部分阅读教学

一 课文导入 （3分钟）

1.交流学生课前所完成的学案任务（1）---张艺谋的个人信息表,使学生对张艺谋及其主要作品更为熟悉，引发学生的兴趣。多媒体上呈现张艺谋的有关信息表格:

2.欣赏电影《一个也不能少》的片断，就影片的有关情节，提出三个问题。引发学生对影

片的回忆，开启学生的内容图式，为阅读作铺垫。

Who plays the main role in it?

What happened to Zhang Huike?

Is Wei Minzhi a good teacher? Why?

- 2 -

二 课文阅读

1.快速阅读课文，并对学案任务（2）中所给的六句话做出正误判断。（5分钟）

( F ) 1 Mr.Gao’s mother is ill and he asks Minzhi to take his place instead ;

(F ) 2 Generally speaking, “the young teacher”Minzhi is in charge of the childen well;

( T ) 3 Minzhi is very worried when zhang Huike runs away from school.( F ) 4 Wei Minzhi goes to town by bus.

( F ) 5 Finally the leader of the radio station invited her to speak on the air;

( T ) 6 People like this film only because it is simple but moving.

2.再次快速阅读课文,完成学案任务（3 ) ---用适当的词或句填空。（5分钟）

第二部分 初学影评写作

一 讨论影评的写作思路 （4分钟）

1.学生按已分好的四人小组, 根据学案任务（3 )先讨论每段的段落大义。

2.提问这篇影评的写作框架---将这四个段落大意组合起来就是答案。

3.点出：主题句写作形式是影评写作的一种有效形式。

二 总结影评的写作思路 （2分钟）

与学生研读35页上的影评写作提示，明确和巩固写影评的方法步骤。

三 写一篇简单影评 （13分钟）

以四人小组为单位，共同完成一篇简单影评。内容是动画片《加菲猫和它的朋友》。

- 3 -

写作过程中,四人小组可以就影评内容、时态、单词拼写、所用词汇等方面相互交流、修改。

可参考的学案任务（４）（见下表）,以降低写作影评的难度。 情节场景)are__________.In a word, I think it is a _______film.I think/don’t think it is worth seeing.四 学生点评影评 （3分钟）

学生相互探讨，相互学习的过程。

五 教师点评学生的影评 （2分钟）

评讲一篇较好的影评,让学生通过自己的真实作品加深对影评写作的理解，并使他们增加写好影评的信心。

第三部分 本课内容总结 （2分钟）

教师带领学生总结归纳本节课所学内容，加深记忆。

第四部分 布置家庭作业 （1分钟）

1.再次修改作文，并工整、清晰地写在作业本上。

2.完成学案任务（5）、（6）。

Learning Plan Task（5）

Translate the following phrases.(Try to find them in this text).代替，追逐，为（某目的）有足够的钱、时间、地方等, 小学, 将某人锁于某处， 不仅…而且, 送回某人, 正在广播, 对… 高度评价

Learning Plan Task（6）

Finish the following exercises.1.Not only______learn for our country, but(also) we’ll work for the future.

A.we doB.do weC.will weD.we will

2.Not only I but also you _______ to blame.

A.isB.areC.beD.am

3.Fill in the blanks using live, living, and alive.

A 150-year-old man in a lonely mountain cave since he was young.He was badly

bitten by some scorpion(蝎子and they interviewed him.He said that though he

- 4 -

****************************************************************************** 教学预期效果:

学生充分发挥主观能动性，积极思考，通过师生间、学生间动态的信息交流，学生运用语言的能力得到进一步的提高，充分体现做中学和学中做的特点。

- 5 -2010．6

推荐第9篇：高一英语教案(3)

Unit 3 Looking good 一.教学内容：

Unit 3 Looking good, feeling good

二.教学目标：

掌握Unit 3中的词法、句法

三.教学重难点：

Unit 3中的词法、句法

（一） 1.at least 2.至少，不少于

3.我们应该至少试一试。4.We should at least have a try.5.至多 at most 6.at the moment=at present 7.他们决定目前对家人保守秘密。

8.They decided to keep the secret from their family at the moment.9.regret doing后悔做了某事 10.我后悔告诉了他这个消息。 11.I regret telling him the news.12.他后悔那么粗鲁地对待他妻子。

13.He regretted having been so rude to his wife.14.regret to do 遗憾做某事

15.I regret to inform you that our library will be closed from Thursday to Saturday this week.16.advice 17.一条建议

18.a piece of advice 19.follow one’s advice 听从劝告，接受建议 20.你认为我该听谁的建议呢？

21.Whose advice do you think I should follow? 22.向某人寻求建议 23.ask sb for advice 24.如你有困难，向老师寻求建议。

25.If you have any difficulty, please ask the teacher for advice.26.at all 一点也不 27.after all毕竟 28.above all首先 29.in all 总共 30.first of all首先

（二）限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

区别：（1）限制性定语从句与其先行词关系密切，如果去掉该从句，剩余部分的意思不完整甚至失去意义；非限制性定语从句只是其先行词的附加说明，如去掉，句子剩余部分意思仍然完整。

（2）限制性定语从句与其先行词之间不用逗号隔开，非限制性定语从句与其先行词之间一般用逗号隔开。

（3）限制性定语从句的先行词一般为单个的名词或代词；非限制性定语从句的先行词既可以是单个的名词或代词，也可以是整个句子或其中一部分。

1.A man who does not try to learn from others can’t achieve much.2.There’re many plays (that) I’d like to see.

3.This note was left by Xiao Wu, who was here a moment ago.4.Tom didn’t finish homework yesterday, which made his mom crazy.注意：非限制性定语从句不能用that来引导。

The team is headed by a 44-year-old Mongolian, whose wife is a Tibetan.昨天，布朗先生参观了杭州，它因为西湖而闻名。

Yesterday Mr.Brown paid a visit to Hangzhou, which is famous for its West Lake.他们邀请我访问他们国家，真是太谢谢他们了。

They have invited me to visit their country, which is very kind of them.

（三）由as引导的定语从句

as可作为关系代词和关系副词来引导定语从句。 1.such … as… “像„一样的”，“像„之类”

the same…as…“和„„同样的” Such people as you say are short now.This is the same thing as we are in need of.先行词被the same 修饰时，关系代词既可用that, 也可用as，但意义不同，前者表示“同一的”，后者表示“同样的”。 2.引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个文句的内容。表“正如„„”。

as was mentioned，as you said, as has been reported 注意事项

what不引导定语从句

I want to give you what I have.（宾语从句）

（四）反意疑问句

一般用于口语英语之中，以较礼貌的形式来展开一次对话，提出一个要求，请求对方的同意或肯定一种说法。 1.前肯定后否定，前否定后肯定

2.前后两部分在时态、人称、和数上要保持一致。注意：

1.当前句中有few, little, hardly, never, seldom等否定含义的词时，附加问句要用肯定形式。 2.当前句为祈使句时，反意疑问句常用 “will you” 3.Don’t forget to phone me, will you?

4.前句部分为主是Let’s用来表示提出建议，反意疑问句用shall we? 若用来表允许，反意疑问句常用will you? 5.前句谓语动词是there be, 反意疑问句仍用there be形式。

6.在英语口语中，陈述部分若以I am开头，反意疑问句用aren’t I 或am I not。 Tom is right, ______ he? Tom isn’t right, ______ he?

He has been to Beijing, ______ he? He will get married, ________ he? I’m late, _____ I?

Let’s go fishing this afternoon, _______ we? isn’t, is, hasn’t, won’t, aren’t, shall

【模拟试题】（答题时间：10分钟）

I.选择填空

1.—You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.—Well.Now I regret _________ that.A.to do

B.to be doing C.to doing

D.doing 2.Don’t waste anything; ________, don’t waste time.A.in all

B.above all

C.after all

D.at all 3.We all want to know what you are doing _________.A.at the moment

B.in a moment C.for a moment

D.the moment 4.She said so because she wanted to _______ her father for the bad news.A.hope

B.wish

C.prepare

D.get 5.How could you have done such a thing? I am ashamed ________ you.A.in

B.with

C.for

D.by 6.—Can I helped you, sir?

—Yes, I bought this radio here yesterday, but _________.A.didn’t work

B.won’t work C.can’t work

D.doesn’t work

7.They are not only making it difficult to sleep at night, but they are _________ damage to some places of interest.A.doing

B.raising

C.putting

D.producing 8.—Thank you for helping me with my English.

—____________.A.Not at all.

B.That’s right.

C.All right.

D.Above all 9.—Are you a teacher of English? —No, but I _________ A.used

B.did

C.used to

D.used to be 10.If no one answers at the front door, why not ____________ at the back door? A.try to knock

B.try knocking

C.to try to knock D.to try knocking

【短诗欣赏】

The Walk You did not walk with me Of late to the hill-top tree By the gated ways, As in earlier days; You were weak and lame, So you never came, And I went alone, and I did not mind, Not thinking of you as left behind.I walked up there today Just in the former way; Surveyed around The familiar ground By myself again: What difference, then?

Only that underlying sense Of the look of a room on returning thence.【试题答案】 I.1.D 2.B 3.A

4.C

6.D 7.A 8.A

9.D

5.C

10.B

推荐第10篇：职高高一英语教案

Unit3 School life Ⅰ、教学目标： 知识：

1、能正确朗读新单词yearly、prom、celebration、babysit、lawn 并掌握四会单词 skill、include、through、social、education、besides、offer；

2、了解美国高中学生的学校生活。

技能：

1、能运用预测 略读 查读等方式把握文章结构；

2、能利用提示谈论中美高中生活的异同。

过程与方法：培养学生养成良好的阅读习惯和形成有效的学习策略掌握一定的阅读方法与技巧使学生获取处理和使用文中的信息用英语直接思维用英语与他人交流发展用英语解决实际问题的能力 以适应高速发展的信息社会的需要 为可持续发展和终身学习打下良好的基础。

情感、态度、价值观：本单元主题是American high school life，学生通过学习本节课的内容，了解美国英语和英国英语的区别，培养学生的文化意识，拓展学生的国际视野，通过学生的跨文化交际意识和能力，以培养学生的综合语言运用能力。

Ⅱ、课题分析：本单元的主题是School life，这节课主要通过四个小标题：Courses、School Activities、Friend、Jobs，勾勒出本单元的话题，然后了解美国高中生活，再引出阅读文章American high school life Ⅲ、教学策略分析：面对的学生是高一年级的学生，有一定的听、说基础，因此以听说为主展开本课时的阅读教学。充分利用计算机辅助课堂教学，通过powerpoint课件为学生创设更多的语言环境，充分发挥教师的主导作用，激发学生主动参与的欲望。在课堂教学中，巧妙运用教学艺术，适当安排自学、小组讨论，竞赛等活动，使学生在更轻松更愉快的环境下实现更多的信息交流，提高课堂教学的效益。

Ⅳ、阅读设计思路：

快读（Fast Reading）→细读 (Intensive Reading) →操练 (Practicing) →巩固 (Consolidation) Ⅴ、教学过程（Teaching Steps） Step 1 Lead In I have a cheerful song would you like to share it with me？（理念：课前播放一首很欢快的英文歌曲“If you are happy”，渲染课堂气氛，营造英语学习气氛，学生跟着音乐拍手鼓掌很快进入英语学习角色，唤起学生的积极性与注意力。） Step 2 Predicting Today we will continue to learn something about school life .Please read the title of the paage together，gue what words will be mentioned in the paage A: Read and tick The activity helps students brainstorm and predict the general information of the paage.（students read the title together.Then think and tick the words which may be mentioned in the paage.Some students stand up to give their ideas） Step 3 Scanning Now please read the paage as quickly as you can.Remember to underline the words and phrases you correctly predicted or mied just now.Then write them down in B Step 4 Skimming OK,let’s see what the students’ life is like in American high schools.Please read the paage quickly and complete the form in C 学生快读之后回答问题：

1、Can you list the courses that American high school students have？

2、Which kind of activities do the most students like to take part in？

3、What is the important thing for many students？

4、Do you know what is the first part-time jobs for many high students？

（理念：用快读来培养学生整体获取信息的能力，通过四个问题能快速获取全文的大意。） 对文章细读之后 在黑板上给出一些重要的关键词，让学生根据这些词语复述课文

（理念：用获取的信息通过内部语言系统进行理解、吸收、加工，进而转化为一定程度的外部语言，以此来评价学生的语言水平。）

Step 5 Group work -Discuion 让学生根据以下三个方面来讨论心目中理想的学校Desigh your ideal school life

1、Your diary life in the school；

2、Your school and the teachers；

3、Youf after-school activities.(理念：通过教师教学方式的转变，引导学生学习方式的转变，突出学生主体，让学生主动思维，发展个性，拓展视野，同时这种体验、实践、参与、交流、合作的方式，促使学生互相学习、互相帮助，发展合作精神。)

Ⅵ Homework：

1、search the Internet for more information about the school life in China and American；

2、write something about your ideal school life.

第11篇：高一英语教案：学期Unit1Listening&Reading&Writing

Unit 1 Cultural relics The sixth period Listening, reading & writing

一、教学目标(teaching aims)

1、能力目标(ability aim) a.Master the patterns that can be used to describe cultural relics by listening.b.Enable the students to have the ability of talking cultural relics and ways to protect them.c.Enable the students to catch details of Big Feng’s story and write a plan on saving the cultural relics.

2、语言目标(language aim) a.Help the students learn how to grasp the key words that can help students to answer questions while listening to the tape.b.Help the students to learn how to give opinions clearly about cultural relics.

二、教学重难点(Teaching important points) Help the students how to catch the key words and grasp the ways of writing a plan on saving the cultural relics.

三、教学方法(Teaching method) Listening, reading and writing

四、教学准备(teaching aids) A tape recorder, a computer and a projector

五、教学步骤(teaching procedure) Step I Listening T: As we know, a developing country builds a big dam to provide electricity for its people and control a great river.Unle something is done, a cultural relic will be list.The government must decide whether or not to save the relics.Do you know what dam and river I’m talking abut? Please look at the picture.Do you know it? Ss: Sorry, we are not familiar with it.T: OK.After listening, you are sure to know that.At first time, try to get the main idea.At

second time, try to finish the exercise and you may compares notes with your partner, at the last time, check them by yourselves.(Listen to the tape) T: Now, I’ll ask some of you to give me your answer.S1: The dam was built to stop floods on the Nile River and to give people more electricity.S2.The water in the lake behind the dam rose.53,000 people had to move and some temples were in danger.S3: False.

T: You are right because it is one of the world’s largest.When completed, the Three Gorges Dam will be the world’s largest.S4: The dam would put it under water.S5: The engineers needed to find a way to move the relic to safety.S6: I chose No 3.The listening text only says that visitors are glad to see it.T: How about question No7? S7: I think it is part of history and it can tell us about how people lived in the past.S8: In my opinion, we have no right to destroy what our ancestors have created.S9: I think we can build a museum to protect our cultural relics.Step II Reading T: You know, Egypt is not the only country that has such a question.Since cultural relics are important and useful, it’s neceary for everyone to protect them.After all, they belong to the whole world.Now let’s read a paage about a common person who saves the cultural relics.Read the paage for the first time and answer why Big Feng wants to save cultural relics.(Students read the paage) T: I’d like to invite some students to answer the questions.S10: A person with “a big heart” means a person who is very kind to others.Feng Jicai shows this when he searched for his friends during the Tangshan earthquake to make sure they are safe.S11: He asks the local government to protect things of cultural interest.He works very hard to save all the old buildings of his hometown, Tianjin.S12: His first project was to save the oldest commercial street in Tianjin.

S13: He saved the oldest building but the street was rebuilt.S14: He thinks more people follow what he does than what he says.T: Very good.Now how about Question No 6? S15: To put up posters announcing his latest campaign.S16: To make speeches that support Feng Jicai.S18: To go with him when he approaches the local government.Step III Talking T: Now, let’s enjoy some pictures in Beijing as well as some descriptions.

T: What do you think of these hutongs in Beijing? S19: They look old and dirty, which is not fit for the heart our country.S20: They can remind us of the past, which seems warm to the Beijingers.S21: They are so close to each other, which is dangerous when there is a big fire in one house.S22: And it’s easy for the thieves to climb from one house to the other.S23: It’s not easy to drive through them, which is not good for the modern transportation.T: OK.Yes, it’s really a big problem.Beijing is developing so fast that in fact, it is a completely new city.If it is turning to a nondescript city like any other modern city in the world, do you think it a great pity? Ss: Yes, I think so.Step IV Writing

T: Speaking of the hutongs, there are so much for us to talk about.The destruction of the old is not a must indeed.Some of it should, and can be preserved.I believe there was a debate among the top leaders and city planners on whether or not to preserve them.Now, let’s try to write a letter to the city planners and tell them what you think.At first, please finish the writing task on P46, which will be helpful to you while you are writing.(Students write) T: Well, all of you did a good job.Your plans are wonderful.I hope the city planners in Beijing will accept some of your ideas and make your plans realised.Now, listen to today’s homework.Step V Homework.Make a plan to protect the Great Wall.

第12篇：外研社版高一英语教案

教学目标

Knowledge and ability ob jective(知识与技能目标)

To help students to develop r eading, listening and speaking skills

To help students to develop the skill of commu nication

To help students to understand the infinitive and its usage.Proce and method objective(过程与方法目标)

1.Collaborative learning approach

2.To help the students use the grammar to do some exercises.

Emotion, attitude and values objective(情 感、态度与价值观的目标)

To help students to understand the different cultural customs of foreign countries.

教学重难点

To help students to develop r eading, listening and speaking skills

To help students to develop the skill of commu nication

To help students to understand the infinitive and its usage.

教学过程

Procedure:

Step 1 Review the vocabulary

1.to start with= to begin with 首先

2.on the bus 在车上

by bus 乘车

3.practise doing 练习做

4.think to oneself 心里想

5.come into one’s head 想到。。。，产生(某想法)

=come into one’s mind

=occur to sb.

=occur to one’s mind

6.What a shame 真遗憾!多可惜啊!

7.feel shame at 对 。。。感到羞耻，遗憾

feel ashamed of

8.small talk 闲谈，聊天

9.get started 开始

10.on the right track 做对了，摸着门路了

11.have fun doing/it’s fun doing 做某事很有趣

ADDITIONAL READING

1.social manners 社交礼仪

2.feel guilty 感到内疚

3.show up 到场，露面

4.reach out to 与。。。联系

5.as soon as poible 尽可能快的

6.on time 准时

7.lead to 导致

Step 2 the infinitive

a.带to的不定式结构

1.能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有: want, ask, tell, hope,

learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like ,love, stop, go, come等。

2.动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not,即not to do sth.。例如:

Jim told me not to wake up Kate.吉 姆告诉我别叫醒凯特。

b.不带to的不定式结构

以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式:

1.在固定词组had better之后。注意:had better的否定形式是had better n ot do sth.。例如:

Yo u had better go home now.你最好现在回家。

It\'s cold outside.You\'d better not go out.外面很冷,你最好不要出去。

2.在let, make, see, feel, watch, hear等感官或使役动词后,要跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。例如:

I made them give me the money back.我迫使他们把钱还给我。

I didn\'t see you come in.我没看见你进来。

3.在引导疑问句的why not之后。

\"Why not+不带to的不定式\"是Why don\'t you do…的省略,可以 用来提出建议或劝告。例如:

Why not go with us。为什么不和我们一起去呢。

Why not take a holiday。=Why don\'t you take a holiday。为什么不休个假呢。

第13篇：牛津版高一英语教案

英语教学过程中，教案是必不可少的重要材料，下面就是小编为您收集整理的牛津版高一英语教案的相关文章，希望可以帮到您，如果你觉得不错的话可以分享给更多小伙伴哦！

牛津版高一英语教案：Sports

Teaching aims and demands

类别 课程标准要求掌握的项目

话题 1． Talk about sports

2． Talk about interests and hobbies

3． Talk about the Olympics

4． Write a sports star’s profile

功能 Interests and hobbies

Which do we like…or …?

What’s your favorite sport?

Which sport do we like best?

Which do we prefer…or…?

What about…?

Are you interested in…?

词汇 vocabulary

continent well-known athlete gold medal torch badminton tie final dive shooting

Greece competitor motto further rank gymnastics prepare preparation effect flame

compete flag weight position superstar point skill weigh title gesture facial

stand for because of speed skating track and field take part

in preparation for

语法 Future Paive Voice

The human of Beijing will plant more trees and build new roads.(陈述句)

More trees will be planted and new roads will be built by the human of Beijing.

Beijing will hold the 29th Olympic Games in the year 2008.（疑问句）

When will the 29th Olympic Games be held in Beijing.

Period Arrangements:

warming up reading materials

Period 1 listening Period 2，3

speaking language focus

listening (WB) complementary listening material

speaking

Period 4 speaking Period 5 complementary reading material

writing(WB)

integrating skill(writing) aement

Teaching Procedures of Period 1:

Step1.Warming up (15 mins)

Ss know a lot about sports from everyday life and media， so I arrange such a task -discuion(group of 4):

Q: What do we know about sports?

During this proce， if Ss can’t expre themselves in English， Chinese is also all right.Besides， it is a

good chance to present new words.If neceary， I will make some complements.At the same time， I will present them as many pictures about sports as poible.

Poible response:

school sports meet

Sports meet the National Games

the Asian Games

the Olympic Games

the World Cup

etc

ball games: volleyball， basket ball， football， table tennis， tennis， ，golf

badminton， bowling， baseball， American football， ice hockey etc

Events of sports track and field: relay race， long jump， high jump， pole jump， discus， shot， javelin etc

gymnastic: rings， double bars， high and low bars， horse ， free exercise

swimming/shooting/skiing/ ice sports/diving/aquatic sports etc

Sport stars : Beckham， Mike Owen， Michael Jordan etc

Purpose: This activity is designed to encourage students to think about sports and activate

relevant vocabulary.

Step 2.Speaking(15 mins)

Task1(pair work): Talk about their favourite sports， favourite sports stars， and the reason why they like them， with the following expreions as a guide.(See SB p52)

Task2(pair work): A survey about physical fitne (See postscript 1)

Task3(group work): Add up their total scores and divide by the number of human.Then get their group’s average scores.Discu their survey answers.

1).Do you think your group is doing well or not? Why ?

2).How can you become fitter?

Purpose: The students will use the information from the above step to talk about their interests and hobbies and to practise giving reasons for their opinions.

Step 3.Listening (15 mins)

Task 1: Brainstorming(encourage Ss to tell me as many words about that as poible)

Purpose: to work as a guide of listening part.

Task 2: Listen to three sports reports and fill in the miing information

Purpose: In this activity， the students will hear three sports reports about basketball， football table tennis.It is what they are interested in and to learn to understand sports news report.

Step 4.Homework Aignment

Task: Find out some background information about the Olympics.T will offer them some websites as well:

www.daodoc.com www.daodoc.com/

www.daodoc.com/ www.daodoc.com

Purpose: This activity is related to the reading material of next period.To encourage Ss to find out the information by themselves.

第14篇：高一必修一英语教案

学英语最重要的还是培养兴趣，不求甚解的背诵，当然还有日复一日的坚持和积累。以下是高一必修一英语教案，欢迎阅读。

Step I.Revision

Check the homework with the whole cla.Step II.Warming up

Ask the students to read the instructions and make sure they know what to do, and then have a discuion about the two pictures.

T: Today, before we begin our reading, I’d like to ask you a question, “What is the biggest sound you have heard in your life?”

S1: The sound of wind that blew in a winter night when I was very young.It sounded like a ghost who was howling.I was very frightened at that time.

S2: The biggest noise was the one that I heard when my neighbor was quarrelling with his wife.Perhaps, they broke their TV set.

T: That’s too terrible.

S3: The noise when planes take off.

S4: The sound of trains.

T: Good! I agree that all of them are big sound.But did you once heard the sound that the heaven falls and the earth cracks, in Chinese it is 天崩地裂?

Ss: No, we have no chance to hear that.

T: If there is a sound like this, what is it?

S5: When someone hears something unexpected and terrible.For example, when one of his loved families dies, he will feel this sound.

T: Terrific! You are using a literary way to expre the sound.

S6: When an earthquake happens.

T: Great! I have waited for this answer for a long time.Today we’ll learn something about earthquakes.I think most of us have heard of earthquakes.Can you imagine how terrible it is ?

S7: The earth is shaking .All the buildings will fall down.

S8: Many people will die.And perhaps many children will lose their parents.

T: Yeah, earthquakes are disasters to everybody.Now look at the two pictures of Tangshan and San Francisco.Can you describe what you see in the pictures?

S1: Tangshan is a beautiful city.It has beautiful gardens, broad roads and some tall buildings.

S2: From the picture of San Francisco,I can see that it is a very big city.There are many tall buildings thickly standing on the earth.I think the population of the city is very large.

T: Good! What will happen if there has been a big earthquake in these two cities? Work in pairs and discu it.Then I’ll ask so me of you to show your opinion.

Step III.Pre-reading

There are two questions in this part.Both are very interesting.The first one c

an more or le reveal the students’ values; while the second one can enlarge their imagination.No matter what their answers are, as long as they have given careful thoughts to the situations, their answers should be good.

T: Now, let’s look at the pictures.What are the predictions of an earthquake?

S1: Before an earthquake animals will become nervous.Cows, pigs, horses and dogs will be upset.And people can see mice running about.If the earthquake happens during winter, people can even see snakes.

T: Terrific! Where did you get this knowledge?

S1: From geography.I like it.

T: good.Sit down please.

S2: Madam, I don’t know the meaning of the picture with two women.

T: It doesn’t matter.You will know it soon after reading our text.OK.Imagine there is an earthquake now, and your home is shaking, at this moment you have no time to take any other things but one, what will it be?

S3: I’ll take all my money.People can’t live without money.

S4: I will take as much water as poible.Because it is said that people can keep alive for nearly 7 days by drinking without any food

S5: In that case, I’d rather take some apples, so that besides drinking, I can also eat.

S6: I will carry my grandma.She is my most loved person in this world.She brought me up.

T: What a dutiful child you are! I’m very glad to hear that.Sit down please! It seems that all of you know what you should do during an earthquake.OK.Let’s read our text, and see what it tells us.

Step IV.Reading

In this part, teacher should ask the students to read the paage quickly for the first time to get the general idea of the paage.Ask them to pay attention to the first sentence of each paragraph.This can help them finish exercise3 in Comprehention.It is about the main idea of each paragraph.Then ask them to read the text again carefully to obtain some details.Before reading for the second time, show some questions on the screen, and let the students read the questions first.These questions can guide them to have a good understanding about the text.They can also make preparations for Exs1-2,which are about details.

Skimming

T: At first I’d like to read the text quickly to get the general idea of the article.While reading, you should pay attention to the sentence of each paragraph.

T: Have you got the general idea of the text?

Ss: Yes.

T: What is it?

S1: There is no quick answer to this question .Are you suggesting us that the general idea is the mixture of the first sentences of each paragraph?

T: Sure.

S1:OK.That’s easy.The main idea of the paage is some signs of the earthquake, and what would happen during the quake.

T: Good, sit down please.In fact, while we are answering the questions, we have involved the sequence, the functional item for this unit.(Teacher writes the word on the blackboard ) Do you understand the meaning of the word?

Ss: No.

T: Sequence means the order of the events.It can tell us which event happens first, and which happens later.Do you know the sequence that is used in our text?

S3: Yes.At first, the text tells us something that happened before the quake, then it tells us the things that happened during the quake and at last it tells us the things that happened after the earthquake.

T: Quite right! Now please look at the screen, these are the first sentences of each paragraph.Read them and think if they are the main idea of the text.If neceary, you may make some changes to make more exact.

Teacher shows the screen and gives a little time to think it over.

1.Strange things were happening in the countryside in the northeast Hebei.

2.The disaster happened and caused a lot of lo.

3.All hope was not lost.

Careful reading

T: Now, it’s time for us to read the text carefully.But before reading, you should read some questions first.These questions may help you get some information quickly and easily.Now look at the screen, and read the questions.

Show on the screen

1.What natural signs of a coming disaster were there?

2.Can you think of some reasons why these signs weren’t noticed?

3.What events probably made the disaster worse?

4.What situations probably made the disaster worse?

5.How were the survivors held?

Step V.Extension

Show the questions on the screen.

1.From whose point of view are events described? How do you know?

2.What is the mood of this paage? How is it created?

3.Why do you think the writer chooses to expre his feelings about the quake rather than simply reporting what had happened?

4.Why is the title A NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN’T SLEEP?

5.What does the sentence “Slowly, the city began to breathe again.” mean?

Answers:

1.He uses third-person to describe the quake.His description is very objective.For example, the second sentence in the third paragraph.The writer says: “Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.” The writer uses they instead of we.

2.The mood is serious and a bit sad.It is created by giving details of how many people and animals were killed or injured, and how many buildings were destroyed.

3.Although the writer was not there, he felt sad for the people of Tangshan.He knows that some personal feelings will make the reading more interesting.

4.I think the reason is that, as usual, night is the time to sleep, and night should be safe and quiet.But that night everything changed.The writer uses A NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN’T SLEEP as a title to show how terrible and how unusual the night was.

5.Here we can see that the writer compared the city to a person who suffered a lot in the disaster.He felt her pain, and he worried about her.So when he said that people came to help her, we can feel his feelings to the city.The city will not die, she has hope and she can recover from the pain.

Step VI Comprehending

Answers to Exx1-

31.1.C 2.E 3.B 4.D 5.A

2.1.The walls of the villages wells had cracks in them.

2 .Roads got huge cracks

3.Brick buildings were destroyed.

4.The army helped the survivors.

5.Shelters were put up for those with no homes.

3.1.Strange things were happening in the countryside in northeast Hebei..

1.The disaster happened and caused a lot of lo.

2.All hope was not lost.

Step VII Homework

课后反思：总体感觉上，本节课上得比较成功，心情愉快。基本上完成了教学任务。学生们不但对地震有了一定的了解，而且能用英语进行简单的描述。但是同学们在讨论、汇报、回答问题时词汇单一，句式多是中国方的英语。在今后的教学中要加强语句表达方面的训练。

第15篇：高一英语教案 The sandstorm in Asia

高二英语教案：外研版必修3 Module 4复习学案

本文题目：高二英语教案：外研版必修3 Module4复习学案

Module Four Sandstorms in Asia reading and vocabulary Step 1 Pre-reading a.Look at the photo and answer the following questions.1.Get Ss to come up with as many words as poible while looking at the picture.2.What is happening? 3.What is the cyclist wearing and why? 4.What do you think happened to traffic in this situation? Why? 5.What do you think experts advise people to do in this situation? b.Predication If you are to write the article named “Sandstorms in Asia”, how many parts will you include in it? What will you write in each part? Step 2 While-reading a.Skimming and scanning Read the paage quickly and fill in the diagram with one proper word.Part 1(Para1) d__________ Part 2(Para2-5) c_______ d_______

1 S_______ i________ s________ Part 3(Para.6) m________ b.Detailed Reading 1)Read the paage carefully and answer the following question.1 What are sandstorms? 2 In what places do they often happen? 3 What does Ren Jianbo’s example tell us? 4 Are there sandstorms in China? Where? 5 Have sandstorms in China increased or decreased recently? Why? 6 Why does traffic move slowly during the sandstorm? 7 What does the government do to protect Beijing from sandstorms? 2) Read the paage carefully and then fill in the chart with suitable words.Parts Content Details 1 major disaster 2 description Cause influence suggestion 3 measures Step 3 Post-reading a.Decide if the following statements are true ( T ) or false( F ).①Scientists have tried many ways to deal with sandstorms

2 ②Land becomes desert only because people cut down trees and dig up gra.③The Chinese Central West Station can not forecast sandstorm before it comes.④The desert is 25o kilometers away to the west of Beijing.So there is no need to take some measures.⑤ Southwest China is part of the sandstorm center in Central Asia.b.Read the text again and complete the following sentences 1.The winds in a sandstorm can sometimes______________________________ 2.When Ren jianbo was living in Inner Mongolia ______________________________ 3.Sandstorms in China appear to have increased ______________________________ 4.Cutting down trees and digging up gra can______________________________ 5.Traffic moved slowly because ______________________________ 6.The government is planting trees to the west of Beijing to______________________________ Step 4 language explanations 1 ma adj.大规模的 a ma campaign 一场大规模的战役 n.团,块,堆

a ma of clouds /hot air a ma of =maes of 许多,大量 the maes 群众

2 be caught in 被困于…,遇到…

He was late for work yesterday afternoon because he was caught in the traffic jam.Charles Chaplin was once caught in a snowstorm for several days.

3 3 appear v.1) 出现,出版,发行

His book will appear in the bookshop next week.A smile appeared on his face when he heard the good news.2) 看起来,似乎。 系动词 She appeared very tired.She appears to want to leave.4 prevent somebody from doing, stop somebody from doing, keep somebody from doing 阻止某人做某事。

Note: keep sb.from doing 中from 不可以省略, 因为keep sb.doing 意为：让某人一直做某事。其他两个词组中from省略后意思不变。

I’m sorry to keep you waiting so long.很抱歉让你等了这么久。 We must keep him from complaining all day.我们不能让他整天抱怨了。 grammar 不定式

Step 1 Presentation Look at the examples a-f.The underlined phrases are examples of different types of infinitive.a.The wind is strong enough.It can move sand dunes.The wind is strong enough to move sand dunes.b.We were advised, “ Don’t go outside.” We were advised not to go outside.c.I’m cycling to work in a sandstorm and it’s frightening.I’m frightening to be cycling to work in a sandstorm.

4 d.There is nothing anyone can do.There is nothing to be done.e.I am the only person in my family who has been in a sandstorm.I am the only person in my family to have been in a sandstorm.f.I’ve been caught in a sandstorm.It was a terrible experience.To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience.Step 2 Explanations I 动词不定式的时态和语态形式 时 态 主 动 被 动 一般式 to do to be done 进行式 to be doing 完成式 to have done to have been done 1.动词不定式的一般式：表示与主动词处于同一时间层面或动作发生于主动词之后。

eg: He seems to understand what I said I hope to visit Paris again.2.动词不定式的进行式：表示与主动词同时发生且动作正在进行。 eg: The two cheats pretended to be working hard.3.动词不定式的完成式：表示不定式动作发生于主动词之前。 eg: She seems to have seen this film.He happened to have gone out when I went to see him 4.动词不定式的被动式：表示与逻辑主语之间的被动关系。 eg: The meeting to be held tomorrow is about how to stop the pollution.I want to have been told the news earlier. 5 Ⅱ动词不定式的句法功能

不定式的句法功能是做主语，表语，宾语，宾语补足语，主语补足语，定语，目的状语和结果状语，分别给出一个例句 ：

1) To master a foreign language is neceary for a college student.(主语) 2) Your job is to wash dishes.(表语) 3) She promised to give him a chance.(宾语) 4) The teacher told his students to pay attention to their pronunciation.(宾语补足语) 5) I was asked to help him with his leons.(主语补足语) 6) Have you got a pencil to draw pictures with?(定语) 7) Some scientists went to Germany to attend a medical conference.(状语) 8) He was too excited to say anything.(状语) Ⅲ 不定式的复合结构

1)“疑问词+不定式”可以做主语，宾语，表语，同位语。 The problem is how to persuade him to change his mind.2) 带有逻辑主语的结构of/ for sb.to do sth The first thing to do is to clean the room.It is foolish of you to say such words.辨析：⑴ It is + adj.+ of sb + to do sth.;// ⑵It is + adj.+ for sb + to do sth.差别：以上(1)结构中的adj是用来说明主语的特征的，并作其表语; 而结构(2)中的adj是用来说明句中动词的特征的。

Eg: It’s foolish of you to do such things 可转化为：You’re foolish to do such things.但:It’s easy for you to learn English well

6 不可以象上边那样转化。 Step 3 Practice.Ex1.Fill in the blanks with the verbs in their proper forms.1.It\'s very kind of you ________ it for me.(do) 2.My job is ________ the students English.(teach) 3.If you want ________ with us, you should be ready by eight o\'clock.(go) 4.I dare not ________ him about it.(tell) 5.He told me ________ at six thirty.(leave) 6.The children are warned ________ in that lake.(not swim) 7.Before you leave the room, please remember ________ the light.(turn off) 8.You\'d better ________(stay) at home and ________ (do) your homework.9.It\'s too hard ________ (do) it by myself.10.It takes about two hours ________ (get to) the station.11.It\'s time ________ our cla.(start) 12.I have a lot of things ________ you.(tell) 13.I\'m very glad ________ you again.(hear from) 14.The article is not easy ________ .(understand) 15.We didn\'t have time ________ a rest.(to have) 16.I\'ll try ________ that again.(not do) 17.John\'s wish is ________ a writer in the future.(become) 18.I\'d like ________ (go) to the Summer Palace.19.She doesn\'t know whether and when ________ Shanghai in two days.(leave) 20.She is not sure how ________ out the maths problem.(work) 7 Ex2 1.Don\'t forget _________ the letter.A.to send B.send C.sending D.being sent 2.The chair looks very old, but in fact it is very comfortable to _________.A.sit B.sit on C.be sat D.be sat on 3.Is ______ neceary to return the book tomorrow? A.this B.that C.it D.which 4.I\'m afraid they would not allow him ________ here.A.to smoke B.smoking C.smokes D.smoke 5.Mother told me ________ the water before I drank it.A.boiling B.boiled C.boil D.to boil 6.On my way home, I stopped _______ some food.A.buy B.to buy C.buying D.bought 7.John was made _______ the car for a week as a punishment.A.to wash B.washing C.wash D.to be washing 8.The sitting-room needs _______, but it\'ll have to wait until Saturday.A.be cleaning B.to be cleaned C.clean D.being cleaned 9.The first thing I want to do is __________.A.visit to him B.to visit him C.visiting him D.visited him 10.Li Yang advised me _________ too much, otherwise I would have been drunk.A.not to drink B.to drink C.not drinking D.drinking Can’t help but结构

区别：can’t help doing …禁不住…

8 Hearing that she was admitted to a famous college, she can’t help jumping.

1、不定式动词在介词but, except, besides等表示“除了……”之意的后面时，如果这些介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式，那么介词后的不定式不带to,否则带to。

She could do nothing but cry.她只有哭泣。

Tom did nothing except wait before his parents came home.父母回家之前，汤姆只有等待。

Capitalists would do nothing besides make profit from the workers.资本家除了从工人身上榨取利益之外，什么也不顾及。 What do you like to do besides swim? 除了游泳你喜欢做什么? He did nothing else than laugh.他只笑笑而已。

I have no choice but to accept the fact.除了接受这一事实，我别无选择。 I have no choice but to go.我别无选择，只有走。

2.在can’t but, can’t help but , can’t choose but(不得不，只能)结构后，不定式不带to。

I can’t help but be sorry.我只能说抱歉。

There being no buses, he can’t but walk home.由于没有公共汽车，他只能步行回家。 He can’t choose but accept the offer.

9 他只能接受提议。

I cannot but admire his courage.我只能钦佩他的勇气。

We could not but weep at our bad luck.对于我们的厄运我们只能哭泣。

It’s raining hard.I cannot help but stay at home.天在下大雨，我只好停在家里。 They couldn’t choose but stay there.他们不得不呆在那儿。 必修三模块四复习学案 I.单词重现 1.沙尘暴 n.) ______ 2.吓人的可怕的 (adj.) ________使..害怕(v.)___________(感到)害怕的(adj.)_________ 3.内陆的(adj.) __________ 4.大量的的，规模的(adj.)_______ 5.战役 活动 (n.) ____________ 6.沙丘(n.) ____________ 7.沙漠化(n.)__________________ 沙漠(n.) _________遗弃的(adj.)______________ 8.进程 过程(n.) ______________ 9.公民 市民(n.) _________________ 10.沙尘 灰尘(n.) _________ 沾满沙土的(adj)__________ 11.预报 预告(v.)____________

10 预报员(n.)________________ 12.力量 力气 (n.) _______________ 加强 增强(v)_________________ 13.骑自行车(v.) _________, 骑自行车者(n).__________ 14.面罩(n.) __________ 15.大气(层)，气氛(n.) _________ 16.碳 (n.) _____________ 17.化学药品(n.) ，化学的(adj.)___________ 化学(学科)(n.) ___________ 18.环境(n.) _________ 周围的，环境的(adj.)________________ 19.废料，垃圾(n.)___________ 20.融化(vi.) ________ 融化的，溶解的(adj.) _______ 21.污染(n.)________污染(v.) __________ 22.再循环 (v.n.) ______________ 23.沿海的(adj.)__________________ 海岸线(n.)__________________ 24.关心的，担心的(adj.)_________________ 25.证据，证明(n.)____________________ 明白的 明显的(adj.)___________________ 26.主要的 多数的(adj.)_________________ 多数 大半(n.)___________________________

11 27.紧急的 (adj.)____________________ 迫切地(adv.)___________________ 28.污染(v.)____________________ 污染(n.)____________________ 29.抱怨(v.)__________________ 抱怨(n.)____________________ 30.简单一句话(n.)___________________ 31.恐怖的 吓人的 (adj.)________________ 恐吓 惊吓某人(v.)_____________________ 32.绝对地 完全地(adv.)_________________ 绝对的(adj.)_______________________ 33.保护(n.)________________________ 保护(v.)___________________________ II.短语集锦

1.砍到 __________________ 2.阻止…干… __________________ 3.保护…不受…的侵害 ______________ 4.只有做….___________________ 5.挖出______________ 6.放出 发出 _________________ 7.简言之 ______________ 8.醒来后面对…清醒地意识到 ____________________ 9.遭遇到… _________________ 10.吸收 欺骗 __________________

12 11.对…有影响__________________ 12.带走 拿走 ________________ 13.一个接一个地__________________ 14.允许某人做… ______________________ 15.认真严肃地考虑…_________________ III.经典考题 课本回扣

1.(课文原文)I couldn’t agree with you more.

(2007 山东23.) ---Have you been wasting time on computer games again? ---______.I’ve been studying a lot and I need a break.A.No way B.Not really C.I don’t agree D.I couldn’t agree more 2.(课文原文)There is nothing to be done.(2007.宁夏 25)---The last one____ pays the meal.----Agreed! A.arrived B.arrives C.to arrive D.arriving 3.(课文原文)The garbage is then taken away and, if poible, recycled.(2007.全国.28)We all know that ,_____,the situation will get worse.A.not if dealt carefully with B.if not carefully dealt with C.if dealt not carefully with D.not if carefully dealt with 4.(课文原文)The machine you had repaired went wrong , which made him angry ?.(2007.宁夏 25)You should understand the traffic rule by now .You’ve had it ___ often enough .A.explaining B.to explain

13 C.explain D.explained 5.(课文原文)They are often so thick that you cannot see the sun and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes.(2007.上海 33)Pop music is such an important part of society____ it has even influenced our language.A.as B.that C.which D.where IV完成下列句子：

1.In China, ___________(一场群众运动) has been started to help solve it.2.Sandstorms in China____________________(好象有所增加) in recent years _______________________(由于沙漠化的原因).3.This is a ________(过程) that happens when land becomes desert because of _____________(天气变化) and because people _________ (砍伐) trees and ___________ (挖)gra.4.When a sandstorm arrives in the city, weather experts _________(建议) people not ____________(出去).5.The desert is only 250 kilometers away ______________(北京以西).6.__________________________(为阻止沙漠逼近), the government is planting trees .V.回归课文 精选段落

Sandstorms are strong ,dry winds that (携带)____________sand .They are often(如此厚以至于)____________________ you cannot see the sun and the wind is sometimes strong enough to (移动)___________ sand sues.The four main places in the world(在那里)__________ there are sandstorms are Central Asia, North America ,Central Africa and Australia .Ren Jianbo , from Inner Mongolia (描述)___________ a terrible sandstorm he (经历)______________ as a child in the desert.”(遭遇到了)____________________________ a sandstorm was a terrible experience, ” he said.” The was nothing (能够做)_______________.It was the most (可怕的)_________________ and the most dangerous (形势)_____________ I’ve ever been in.You just had to hope you’d (幸存下来)____________ .I thought I was going to (消失)_____________ under the sand”.

14 VI.针对重点 微型练习www.1.____, it doesn’t matter whether I can defeat John.in the match A.As much as I’m concerned B.As far as I’m concerning C.As long as I’m concerning D.As far as I’m concerned

2.----Don’t ____ to me again ____ your low position in the government ----Ok.I promise never.A.complain ; of B.complaint ; about C.apologize ; of D.advise ; on 3.The ___ problems in this city are related to traffic.A.majority B.major C.magic D.mainly 4.As is known, smoking has ____ our health..A.a bad effect on B.bad effect to C.an effort on D.affect to 5.---Do you know“___ ”means “to explain something very simply”.---Yes .We can also say “in a word”.A.in a short B.for brief C.on conclusion D.in a nutshell 6.He was so busy because he had ____ letters to answer.A.a ma B.a large numbers of C.ma D.a great deal of 7.With enough____ being hurt, these orphans grow happily.

15 A.protection of B.protecting from C.protection from D.protected by 8.We did nothing but ____ for him on the airport this afternoon.A.waited B.wait C.to wait D.waiting 1.参考答案：Suggested answers: 2.Reading and vocabulary 3.Suggested answers: 4.1.mask cycle cyclist dust 5.citizen frightening sandstorm 6.2.There is a sandstorm blowing.7.3.She is wearing hoods, masks and glaes.8.4.The traffic moves slowly.Because it’s not clear to see everything on the road and people must take great care.9.5.Experts advise people to stay at home in this situation.10.Part 1 disaster 11.Part 2 Sandstorm cause description influence suggestions 12.Part 3 measures 13.1 Sandstorms are strong, dry winds that carry sand.14.2 Central Asia, North America, Central Africa and Australia.15.3 It is dangerous to go out when a sandstorm occurs.16.4 Yes.Northwest China.17.5 Increased.As a result of desertification.18.6 Because the thick dust makes it difficult to see. 16 19.7 Plant more trees.20.Parts Content Details 1 major disaster A ma campaign, to help solve sandstorm, tried many ways to solve it 2 description Strong wind, dry, carry sand, So thick, can’t see the sun Cause Desertification, Climate changes, cut down trees, dig up gra influence Orange sky, strong winds suggestion Stay at home, wear a mask 3 measures Plant trees 21.22.1.T 2.F 3.F 4.F 5.F 23.1.prevent you from seeing the sun 24.2 he experienced a terrible sandstorm 25.3 because of desertification 26.4 cause deserts and sandstorms to increase 27.5 the drivers can’t see

28.6.prevent the desert coming nearer 29.grammar Suggested answers: 30.1.to do 2.to teach 3.to go 4.tell 5.to leave 6.not to swim 7.to turn off 8.stay do 31.9.to do 10.to get to 11.to start 12.to tell 13.to hear from 14.to understand 15.to have

17 32.16.not to do 17.to become 18.to go 19.to leave 20.to work 33.1A 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.B 7.A 8.B 9.B 10.A 34.BCBDB DABADCCB

第16篇：北师大版高一英语教案

北师大版高一英语模块一词汇详解

Module 1 Unit 1 Lifestyles

1.matter n.& v.1) n.① 物质

e.g.Matter is primary and mind secondary.物质是第一位的，精神是第二位的。

The desk is a solid matter.桌子是一种固体物质。

② 事情

e.g.the heart / root of the matter 事情的根本

the matter in hand / under discuion 手头上的事 / 正在讨论的事 It’s no laughing matter.这不是开玩笑的事。

I don’t discu private matters with my colleagues.我不和同事讨论私事。

We have several important matters to deal with at our next meeting.在我们下次会议上有几件重要的事要处理。

③ 毛病，麻烦事 (the ~) e.g.What’s the matter with the machine? 这台机器有什么毛病？ Nothing is the matter with me.(= There is the matter with me.我没事。) 2) v.要紧，有关系

e.g.What they said matters little.他们所说的没什么要紧。

What does it matter? 这要紧吗？

It doesn’t matter if I mi my train.如果我错过了火车，这没什么关系。

Does it matter if we’re a bit late? 如果我们迟到一会要紧吗？ It is no matter to me what you do .(= It doesn’t matter to me what you do.)你做什么与我没有关系。 相关短语：① no matter+ whether /疑问词„„ 无论„„

e.g.Don’t open the door, no matter who comes.无论谁来了，都不要开门。

Don’t trust him, no matter what he says.无论他说什么，都别相信他。

No matter where you go, I’ll follow you.无论你去哪儿，我都跟着你。 No matter whether it will rain or not, we have decided to leave at six in the morning.无论天是否下雨，我们都决定早上六点钟离开。

② a matter of „ 一件„„的事 / 问题

e.g.It’s a matter of life and death.这是有关生死的问题。

③ make matters worse 使情况更糟糕的是

e.g.Her attempts to calm them down only made matters worse.2.suppose vt.1) 认为，猜想

e.g.What makes you suppose that I’m against it? 什么使得你认为我反对此事？

I don’t suppose he’ll agree, or I’m sure he won’t agree.我认为他不会同意的。

What do you suppose he wanted? 你认为他想要什么？

It was generally supposed that it would not happen again.一般认为这事不会再发生了。

The painting was widely supposed to have been lost during the war.这幅画普遍被认为在战争中已丢失了。

She’ll be there today, I suppose.她今天会在那儿的，我认为。

“Will he come?” “Yes, I suppose so./ No, I don’t suppose so./ I suppose not.” 2) 假定，假设

e.g.Suppose that the news is true; what then? 假设这消息是真的，那又怎样呢？ Suppose you had a million pounds --- how would you spend it? 假设你有一百万英镑，你会怎样花它？

近义表达法：supposing (= if) 如果，假设

e.g.Supposing that it rains, can we play the match indoors? 如果明天下雨的话，我们能在室内打比赛吗？

相关短语：be supposed to do sth.(= be expected to do sth.) 被期望做某事 / 应该做某事

e.g.You’re supposed to pay the bill by Friday.你应该在周五前付了帐。

You’re not supposed to play football in the claroom.你不应该在教室里踢足球。

They were supposed to be here an hour ago.他们应该在一小时以前到达。

Am I supposed to clean all the rooms or just this one? 我是应该打扫完所有的房间还是只这一间？ 3.complain v.抱怨，投诉

e.g.She complained to me about his rudene.她向我抱怨他的粗鲁。 He complained that his meal was cold.他抱怨说他的饭菜冷了。

Our next door neighbor said he’d complain about us to the police if we made any more noise.我们隔壁的邻居说如果我们再弄出噪音的话，他将向警方投诉。

She complained of his carelene.(= She complained that his carelene caused her a lot of trouble.) 派生词：complaint n.抱怨，诉苦，怨言；不适，疾病（委婉语） e.g.He poured out his complaints before me.他在我面前诉苦。 The workers made a list of their complaints.工人们列出了他们的抱怨。

4.switch n.& v.1) n.开关，电门，转换器；转变，改变 e.g.pre the on / off switch, a switch from gas to electricity, make a switch from„to„ 2) v.转换，改变

e.g.He switched one argument for another.他改变了他的论点，转到另一个论点上了

They switched the train to the other track..他们将火车转到了另一个轨道上。

He switched the lights from green to red.他将灯从绿色转变成了红色。 相关短语：switch on接通电流，开 switch off 切断电源 switch over 转换频道，转变

e.g.Don’t switch the radio on yet.

Parents and children should switch roles with each other at times. You drive first and then we’ll switch over. When you leave the room, please switch off the gas The power went off in several parts of the country during the high wind.大风期间，这个乡村的好几处地方断了电。

I’m sorry I’m late; I overslept because my alarm clock didn’t go off.很抱歉我迟到了。我睡过了头，因为我的闹钟没有响。

6.take up 1) 拿起 2）占去（时间、空间等） 3）开始从事（某项工作等），开始对„„感兴趣

e.g.Take care not to take up the hot coals with your bare hands.小心别徒手拿热的煤。

This old tree will have to be taken up by its roots.这棵老树将被连根拔起。

That big clock will have to be moved; it takes up too much space in the small hall. Writing in another language demands so much effort that it takes up all my attention.用另一种语言写作要求付出很多的努力，以致于它花费了我所有的注意力。

When does the Minister take up his office? 这位部长什么时候就职？ When did Jane first take up music? 简是什么时候开始对音乐感兴趣的？

7.suffer v.1) vt.经历，遭受 suffer pain / defeat / loes 遭受痛苦 / 失败 / 损失

2) vi.受苦，感到疼痛/不适/悲伤等 suffer from headaches / lo of memory 由于头疼 / 失忆而痛苦

e.g.We all have to suffer at some time in our lives.在我们的一生中免不了有受苦的时候。

He couldn’t suffer criticism.他受不了批评。

He suffered cruel oppreion in the old society.他在旧社会受到残酷压迫。

8.stand n.& v.1） n.架，摊，台

e.g.a coat stand 衣架 a news stand 报摊 a market stand 市场摊位 2） vi.站立

e.g.stand on one foot 单脚站立

She was too weak to stand.她太虚弱，站立不住。

A chair will not stand on two legs.两条腿的椅子无法站立。 Stand still while I take your photograph.当我给你拍照时，你站着别动。

After the bombing only a few houses were left standing.爆炸之后，只有几栋房子依然挺立。 3) vt.① 使直立；竖直放置 e.g.Don’t stand cans of petrol near the fire.别把汽油罐放在火边。 Stand the ladder against the wall.把梯子靠墙放着。

② 忍受 （多用于否定句、疑问句）(= bear; put up with) e.g.He can’t stand hot weather.他无法忍受炎热的天气。

She said she couldn’t stand such foolish behavior.她说她无法忍受这样愚蠢的行为。

She couldn’t stand to be told what to do.她无法忍受被告知该做什么。

He can’t stand being kept waiting.他无法忍受等待。

I can’t stand him interrupting all the time.我无法忍受他一直打扰。 4) link v.处于（某种状态）

e.g.The house has stood empty for months.这房子一直空了好几个月。 8.reduce vt.& vi.减少，降低；使成为（更小尺寸或更简单形式） e.g.The fire reduced the forest to a few trees.大火将这片森林烧得只剩几棵树。

This experienced editor is said to be able to reduce the misprints to almost zero.这位有经验的编辑据说能将错误印刷率降低到几乎为零。 The poor woman is reduced to begging.这位可怜的妇女沦落到了乞讨的境地。

The house was reduced to ashes.这房子被烧成了灰。 He was reduced to nothing.他瘦得不成样子。 9.diet n.饮食 比较： diet, food diet 是指一种特定的饮食习惯或一种规定的饮食，如素食，病人吃的某些食品。 e.g.be / go on a diet 节食 a meat / vegetable diet 荤食 / 素食 The doctor ordered him a diet without sugar.医生命令他吃无糖食品。 The Irish used to live on a diet of potatoes.爱尔兰人过去靠土豆为主食。 Proper diet and exercise are both important for health.适当的饮食和锻炼对健康都是重要的。

food 多作不可数名词，指可食用的所有东西，偶尔也可作可数名词。

e.g.food and drink 饮食 mental food 精神食粮 canned food 罐装食品 Milk is the natural food for young babies.牛奶对于婴儿来说是天然食品。

We always get lots of food there, but they never give us much to drink.我们总能从那儿得到很多食物，但他们从不给我们很多喝的东西。 Too many sweet foods, like cakes and chocolates may increase your weight.太多的甜食，象蛋糕和巧克力，可能会增加你的体重。 9.prefer v.宁愿 （preferred, preferring） 常用结构：prefer + sth.更喜欢„„ A to B 喜欢A胜过喜欢B to do sth./ doing sth.喜欢做某事 sb.to do sth.宁愿某人做某事

that-clause (从句用should + v.) 宁愿„„ doing A to doing B 喜欢做A胜过喜欢做B to do A rather than do B e.g.Which would you prefer，tea or coffee? 咖啡和茶，你更喜欢哪一种？

People in the south prefer rice while those in the north prefer food made from flour.南方人爱吃米饭，而北方人较喜欢吃面食。

I prefer to walk there.(= I prefer walking there.)我宁愿步行去那儿。

He chose Spain，but personally I/\'d prefer to go to Greece.他选了西班牙，但就我个人而言，我倒想去希腊。

He said he preferred the country to the city.他说城市和乡村相比，他更喜欢农村。 The soldier preferred to die rather than give in before the enemy.这位战士宁愿死，也不在敌人面前屈服。

I’d prefer you not to go there alone.我倒希望你不要单独去那儿。 We prefer that they(should)do it in a different way.我倒希望他们用另一种方法去做。

第17篇：高考二轮复习英语教案

2010高考二轮复习英语教案

专题八 非谓语动词和独立主格结构

【专题要点】非谓语动词和独立主格结构主要用法如下：1.动名词和动词不定式作主语、宾语；2.只跟动名词作宾语的动词或动词短语；3.只跟动词不定式作宾语的常见动词； 4.既可以跟动名词又可以跟动词不定式作宾语，且意义不同的动词或短语；5.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾语补足语的区别；6.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作定语时的区别； 7.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作状语时的区别；8.动名词的复合结构在句中作状语； 9.there be 结构的两种非谓语形式；10.独立主格结构在句中作状语； 11.with复合结构在句中作状语或定语。

【考纲要求】非谓语动词包括不定式、动词-ing形式和过去分词三种形式。动词的非谓语形式是中学英语语法的重点和难点,也是每年高考热点中的热点, 考纲要求掌握：非谓语动词的时态和语态；他们在英语句子中的作用；非谓语动词的基本用法和含义，非谓语动词在句子中可以充当多种句子成分，比如主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语等；掌握非谓语动词充当相同句子成分时的辨析；掌握非谓语动词在不同的语境、语义下的运用。 对于独立主格结构考纲要求掌握独立主格结构的构成方式；在句子中的作用以及with复合结构。

【教法指引】非谓语动词包括不定式、v-ing形式和过去分词，是高中英语学习的难点，也是高考考查的重点。高中英语非谓语动词是一个重要考点，教师在引导学生复习备考中要注意重点突出、训练得当，尤其是对以下要点的复习： 1.不定式、现在分词与过去分词的用法区别；2.非谓语动词的主动式与被动式；3.非谓语动词完成式的用法；4.非谓语动词用作伴随状语；5.非谓语动词用作目的状语；6.非谓语动词用作结果状语；7.非谓语动词用作宾语补足语；8.非谓语动词的逻辑主语问题；9.非谓语动词用作主语的问题；10.“(be+)过去分词+介词”结构；11.动名词的复合结构和there be结构的非谓语动词形式。

对于独立主格结构的复习，教师必须要讲清它的构成方式和在句子中的作用以及与with复合结构和分词之间的辨析的关系。 【知识网络】 非谓语动词用法

非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义，我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、

1 表语以及一些特殊结构句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。 1．不定式和动名词作主语的区别

(1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。 Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here．这里禁止抽烟。(抽象) It is not very good for you to smoke so much．你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体) (2)动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。 不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。

Climbing mountains is interesting．爬山很有趣。(经验) Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring．在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验) (3）不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。 It took me only five minutes to finish the job.2．不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别 (1)不定式作表语

1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。

To do two things at a time is to do neither．--次做两件事等于未做。 What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。 2）如果主语是不定式（表示条件），表语也是不定式（表示结果）。 To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。

To work means to earn a living．工作就是为了生活。

3)如果主语是以aim， duty， hope， idea， happine， job， plan， problem， purpose， thing， wish等为中心的名词，或以what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明 作用。

His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future．他的希望是在不远的将来买一辆豪华轿车。

The function of Louis Sullivan's architecture was to provide large uninterrupted floor areas and to allow ample light into the interior.The most important thing is to negotiate with them about the future of the plant． (2)动名词作表语：动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为。 Our work is serving the people．我们的工作是为人民服务。 His hobby is collecting stamps．他的爱好是集邮。

2 (注)动名词作表语时与进行时态中的现在分词形式相同，但其所属结构迥异，进行时态说明动作是由主语完成的。动名词做表语，说明主语的性质或情况。

People cannot but feel puzzled， for they simply cannot understand how he could have made such a stupid mistake.His victory in the final was no more convincing than I had expected． (3)分词作表语

分词做表语有两种情况，一种是现在分词做表语，一种是过去分词做表语，这两者区别是考试中经常考到的地方。一般来说，表示心理状态的动词如excite， interest等都是及物动词，汉语意思不是“激动”，“高兴”，而是“使激动”、“使高兴”，因而现在分词应该是“令人激动的”、“令人高兴的”，过去分词则是“感到激动的”和“感到高兴的”。所以，凡表示“令人„„的”都是-ing形式，凡是表示“感到„„”都用-ed形式。换句话说，若人对„„感兴趣，就是somebody is interested in...,若人/物本身有兴趣时，就是说sb./sth.is interesting.这类词常见的有： interesting使人感到高兴--interested感到高兴的 exciting令人激动的--excited感到激动的 delighting令人高兴的--delighted感到高兴的 disappointing令人失望的--disappointed感到失望的 encouraging令人鼓舞的--encouraged感到鼓舞的 pleasing令人愉快的--pleased感到愉快的 puzzling令人费解的--puzzled感到费解的 satisfying令人满意的---satisfied感到满意的 surprising令人惊异的--surprised感到惊异的 worrying令人担心的--worried感到担心的

Travelling is interesting but tiring．旅行是有趣的，但是使人疲劳。

The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much．如果要学生学得太多，他们会感到糊涂的。

The argument is very convincing．他的论点很令人信服。

They were very excited at the news．听到这个消息，他们非常激动。 3．不定式和动名词作宾语的区别

英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式，也可跟动名词作直接宾语，但有些动词要求：

3 (1)不定式做宾语和宾语补足语 1)下面的动词要求不定式做宾语 【口诀记忆】

决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装，主动答应选计划 同意请求帮一帮，愿望似乎就没有，碰巧承担常努力。 attempt企图 enable能够 neglect忽视 afford负担得起 demand要求 long渴望 arrange安排 destine注定 mean意欲，打算 begin开始 expect期望 omit忽略，漏 appear似乎，显得 determine决定 manage设法 cease停止 hate憎恨，厌恶 pretend假装 ask问 dread害怕 need需要 agree同意 desire愿望 love爱 swear宣誓 volunteer志愿 wish希望 bear承受 endeavor努力 offer提供 beg请求 fail不能 plan计划

bother扰乱；烦恼 forget忘记 prefer喜欢，宁愿 care关心，喜欢 happen碰巧 prepare准备 decide决定 learn学习regret抱歉，遗憾 choose选择 hesitate犹豫 profe表明 claim要求 hope希望 promise承诺，允许 start开始 undertake承接 want想要 consent同意，赞同 intend想要 refuse拒绝 decide决定 learn学习vow起

contrive设法，图谋 incline有„倾向 propose提议 seek找，寻觅 try试图

2)下面的动词要求不定式做宾补：动词+宾语+动词不定式 ask要求，邀请 get请，得到 prompt促使 allow允许 forbid禁止 prefer喜欢，宁愿 announce宣布 force强迫 pre迫使

4 bride 收买 inspire鼓舞 request请求 aist协助 hate憎恶 pronounce断定，表示 advise劝告 exhort告诫，勉励 pray请求

authorize授权，委托 help帮助 recommend劝告，推荐 bear容忍 implore恳求 remind提醒 beg请求 induce引诱 report报告

compel强迫 invite吸引，邀请， summon传唤 command命令 intend想要，企图 show 显示 drive驱赶 mean意欲，打算 train训练 cause引起 instruct指示 require要求 deserve应受 leave使，让 tell告诉 direct指导 like喜欢 tempt劝诱 entitle有资格 order命令 warn告诫 enable使能够 need需要 urge激励，力说 encourage鼓励 oblige不得不 want想要 condemn指责，谴责 lead引起，使得 teach教 entreat恳求 permit允许 wish希望 (2)有少数动词只能用动名词作宾语 【口诀记忆】

考虑建议盼原谅， 避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏 禁止想象才冒险， 不禁介意准逃亡

acknowledge承认，自认 cease 停止 mention说到，讲到 admit 承认 tolerate忍受 dislike不喜欢，讨厌 advocate：提倡，主张 complete完成 dread可怕 appreciate 感激，欣赏 confe坦白 endure忍受 avoid避免 contemplate细想 enjoy享有，喜爱 bear忍受 defer拖延 envy嫉妒

can't help不禁 delay延迟 escape逃跑，逃避 can't stand受不了 deny否认 excuse借口 consider 考虑 detest嫌恶 fancy幻想，爱好

5 favor 造成，偏爱 mind 介意 repent悔悟 figure描绘，计算 mi错过 resent怨恨

finish完成，结束不得 pardon原谅，饶恕 resist抵抗，阻止 forgive原谅 permit 允许 resume恢复 imagine设想 postpone延迟，延期 risk冒险

involve卷入，包含 practise 实行，实践 suggest建议 hate讨厌 prevent阻止 save营救，储蓄 keep保持 quit放弃停止 stand坚持，忍受 loathe非常讨厌，厌恶 recall回想

I appreciate having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.我很感激两年前给我出国学习的机会。

(3)有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式作宾语的差别 【口诀记忆】 想起忘记常后悔

1）forget to do 忘记要去做某事（此事未做） forget doing忘记做过某事（此事已做过或已发生） 2）stop to do 停止、中断（某件事），目的是去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在或经常做的事 3）remember to do 记住去做某事（未做） remember doing记得做过某事(已做) 4) regret to do对要做的事遗憾 regret doing对做过的事遗憾、后悔 5）try to do努力、企图做某事 try doing试验、试一试某种办法 6) mean to do打算，有意要„ mean doing意味着

7）go on to do 继而（去做另外一件事情） go on doing 继续（原先没有做完的事情） 8）propose to do 打算（要做某事） proposing doing建议（做某事）

6 9) like /love/hate/ prefer +to do 表示具体行为；+doing sth 表示抽象、倾向概念 （注)如果这些动词前有should一词，其后宾语只跟不定式，不能跟动名词。例如： I should like to see him tomorrow．

10) need, want, deserve +动名词表被动意义；+不定式被动态表示“要(修、清理等)”意思。

Don't you remember seeing the man before?你不记得以前见过那个人吗? You must remember to leave tomorrow．你可要记着是明天动身。

I don't regret telling her what I thought．我不后悔给她讲过我的想法。(已讲过) I regret to have to do this， but I have no choice．我很遗憾必须这样去做，我实在没办法。(未做但要做) You must try to be more careful．你可要多加小心。

Let's try doing the work some other way．让我们试一试用另外一种办法来做这工作。 I didn't mean to hurt your feeling．我没想要伤害你的感情。

This illne will mean (your) going to hospital．得了这种病(你)就要进医院。 4．不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别 (1）不定式作定语

1)不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是主谓关系

He was the last one to leave school yesterday．昨天他是最后一个离开教室的。 The train to arrive was from London．将要到站的火车是从伦敦开来的。 2)不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是动宾关系 Get him something to eat．给他拿点儿东西吃。

She has a lot of work to do in the morning．早上他有很多工作要做。

3)不及物动词构成的不定式做定语，要加上适当的介词和被修饰的名词形成逻辑上的动宾关系，这里的介词不能省去。

I need a pen to write with．我需要一支笔写字。 There is nothing to worry about．没有什么值得发愁的。

4)不定式修饰一些表示方向、原因、时间、机会、权利等抽象名词如： ability能力，本领 drive赶，驾驶 movement运动，活动 ambition抱负，野心 effort努力，尝试 need需要，需求 campaign战役，运动 failure失败，不及格 opportunity机会

7 chance机会 force力，压力，要点 promise许诺，希望 courage勇气 intention意向，意图 reason理由，原因 decision决定 method方法，方式 light光，光线，亮光

determination决心，决定 motive动机，目的 struggle奋斗，努力， tendency倾向，趋势 wish希望，愿望，祝愿

5）被修饰的名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或next， second, last, only和not a，the等限定词时候，只能用不定式。

6）不定代词something, nothing, little, much, a lot 等习惯上用不定式做定语。 John will do anything but work on a farm．除了农活，约翰什么都愿意干。

7）如果其动词要求用不定式做宾语，或者其形容词要求不定式做补语，则相应的名词一般用不定式做定语。如： tend to do---tendency to do；decide to do = decision to do；be curious to do = curiosity to do His wish to buy a car came true．他要买辆车的愿望实现了。 Their decision to give up the experiment surprised us． 他们放弃这个实验的决定使我们大吃一惊。

He is always the first to come and the last to leave． 他总是第一个到来，最后一个离去。 (2)分词作定语

分词作定语时有下面几个特点：

1)现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词一般表示被动含意。 2)现在分词表示正在进行，过去分词表示状态或做完(完成)的事。 He rushed into the burning house．他冲进了正在燃烧着的房子。

The child standing over there is my brother．站在那儿的男孩子是我弟弟。 The room facing south is our claroom．朝南的房间是我们的教室。 Have you got your watch repaired? 你拿到那个修好的表了吗? He is an advanced teacher．他是个先进教师。

3）下列不及物动词也以过去分词形式做定语或表语，但不具有被动意义，这点要注意： departed, elapsed, faded, fallen, gone, frown-up, retired, returned, risen, set, vanished, much-traveled, newly-arrived, recently-come (3)不定式和分词作定语时的时间关系

8 一般来说，不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后；现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；过去分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。例如：

Do you want to see the doctor to be sent for from Beijing? 你要见那位将从北京请来的医生吗？

Do you want to see the doctor working on the case report in the office? 你要见那位正在办公室里写病历的医生吗？ 5．不定式和分词作状语的区别

（1）现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别。

现在分词做状语与过去分词做状语的最主要区别在于两者与所修饰的主语的主动与被动关系的区别。

1）现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作，它们之间的关系是主动关系。 He went out shutting the door behind him.他出去后将门随手关上。

Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.由于不知如何办是好，他去找父母帮忙。

2）过去分词作状语时，过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。

Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.如果对这些树多关心一些，它们本来会长得更好。

Faced with difficulties, we must try to overcome them.在遇到困难的时候，我们必须设法克服。 (2)动词不定式和分词作状语的区别

1)分词作状语一般表示伴随，而不定式常常表示目的。

They stood by the roadside talking about the plan．他们站在路边谈论着这个计划。(伴随) They stood by the roadside to talk about the plan．他们站在路边为的是谈论这个计划。(目的) 2)分词作状语放在句子开头，除表示原因之外有时表示时间或条件。动词不定式作状语时，除了表示目的以外，还表示结果或原因。

9 Reading attentively，he forgot the time for lunch．由于在专心读书，他忘了吃午饭的时间。(原因) Reading carefully，he found something he had not known before．他仔细读书时，发现了一些从前不知道的东西。(时间) Reading carefully，you'll learn something new．只要你仔细阅读，你会学到一些新的东西。(条件) His family was too poor to support him．他的家庭太穷，不能维持他的生活。(结果) The boy is not tall enough to reach the book shelf．这男孩个子不够高，手伸不到书架。(结果) We are glad to hear the news．我们很高兴听到这消息。(原因) （3）下面一些句型是不定式做状语时候应该注意的：

a：not/never too„to, too„not to , but/only too„ to, too ready/eager/apt/inclined to 表示肯定意义

b：做结果状语的不定式只能出现在句子的末尾，常见的不定式动词有：find, hear, see, be told, form, give, make, produce 等。

c：不定式做状语时，其逻辑主语一般为句子的主语，否则用for引导主语。 6．非谓语动词常考的其它结构 （1)疑问词+不定式结构

疑问词who，what，which，when，where和how后加不定式可构成一种特殊的不定式短语。它在句中可以用作主语、宾语、表语和双重宾语。如：

When to start has not been decided．何时动身尚未决定。(主语) I don't know what to do．我不知道该怎么办。(宾语) The difficulty was how to cro the river．困难在于如何过河。(表语) I can tell you where to get this book.我可以告诉你哪里可以买到此书。（双重宾语） 注）A.有时疑问词前可用介词，如：

I have no idea of how to do it.我不知道如何做此事。

B.动词know 后面不能直接跟不定式作宾语，只能跟疑问词（如：how, what）+不定式： While still a young boy, Tom knew to play the piano well and as he grew older, he wrote operas, the most famous of which is Carmen.(2)介词except和but作“只有„，只能„”讲时跟不定式结构（but与不带to的不定式

10 连用）。

When the streets are full of melting snow, you cannot help but getting your shoes wet.(3)不带to的不定式

1）在表示生理感觉的动词后的不定式不带to。这类词有： feel 觉得 observe 注意到，看到 overhear听到 watch注视 listen to听 perceive察觉，感知 notice注意 see看见 look at看 hear听

On seeing the young child fell into the lake，Eric sprang to his feet，and went on the rescue.2)另一类是某些使役动词，如make, let，have等。如： Let him do it.让他做吧。

I would have you know that I am ill．我想要你知道我病了。 (注)：

①上述感觉动词与使役动词转换为被动结构时．其后的不定式一般需带to，如： He was seen to come．

The boy was made to go to bed early.②在动词find与help之后，不定式可带to亦可不带to，如: He was surprised to find the sheep (to) break fence at this season．他发现羊在此季节越出栅栏，感到惊讶。

3)在do nothing／anything／everything but(except)结构中。例如：

Last night I did nothing but watch TV．昨天晚上，我除了看电视别的什么也没有干。 但是，如果谓语动词不是“do nothing，anything，everything”，那么but(except)所跟的不定式则仍须带。

The doctor told him nothing but to stop smoking．医生除了让他戒烟，其它什么都没有说。

There was nothing for them to do but to remain silent．除了保持沉默以外，他们没有别有别的办法。

（4）不定式与动名词的逻辑主语和分词独立结构

1)不定式的逻辑主语为：for +名词(或代词宾格)+ 不定式。例如：

11 I found it impoible for him to do the job alone．我发现他—个人干这活是不可能的。

(注)在表示人物性格、特性等的形容词后面，常用of引出不定式的逻辑主语。例如： It was wise of him to do that．他那样做是明智的。

2)动名词的逻辑主语为；①人称代词的所有格+动名词；②名词's+动名词。例如： Tom insisted on my going with them．他坚持要我和他们一起去。 He dislikes his wife's working late．他不喜欢他妻子工作得很晚。

3)某些形容词，如：carele等不定式后可以加of来引导出其逻辑主语。这类词主要有：absurd, bold, brave, courageous, careful, carele, clever, wise, foolish, silly, stupid, good, nice, kind thoughtful, considerate, greedy, generous, honest, modest, polite, rude, cruel ,selfish, wicked, wrong等 It is very kind of you to help me．你帮助我太好了。

间或也可用for + there to be表示（而且there后面的不定式只能是to be）。 It's a great pity for there to be much trouble in the company.太遗憾了公司里有这么多的麻烦。

7．非谓语动词中的有关句型 （1）动名词作主语的句型

1）Doing...+ v.Reading is an art.阅读是门艺术。Seeing is believing.眼见为实。 2) It is + no use, no good (fun, a great pleasure, a waste of time, a bore...)等名词+doing sth.It is no use crying.哭没有用。It is no good objecting.反对也没有用。 It is a great fun playing football．打篮球很有趣。

It is a waste of time trying to explain．设法解释是浪费时间。

3)It is + usele (nice, good，interesting, expensive等形容词)+ doing sth． It is usele speaking.光说没用。

It is nice seeing you again．真高兴又遇到了你。 It is good Playing che after supper．晚饭后弈棋挺好。 It is expensive running this car．开这种小车是浪费。 8.非谓语动词的特殊结构

有些非谓语形式已成为固定用语，用来表示说话人对说话内容所特的态度。

12 1）现在分词的独立结构

judging from / by„, generally speaking, strictly speaking 2)不定式的独立结构

to tell you the truth, to make things worse, to begin / start with 3)动词原形： Believe it or not (信不信由你) 4)作连词的分词considering （考虑到，就„而言），providing / provided „假如， supposing 假如 这些词用来表示条件的连词，后接that 从句。

独立主格结构

一、概念：

“独立主格结构”是由名词或代词作为逻辑主语，加上分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语作为逻辑谓语构成。这种结构在形式上与主句没有关系，通常称为“独立主格结构”。

二、功能：

“独立主格结构”实质就是带有自己主语的非限定状语从句。众所周知非限定性从句通常以主句的某一成分作为自己的逻辑主语，从而依附于主句。而有些非限定性从句和无动词从句带有自己的主语，在结构上与主句不发生关系，因此成为独立主格结构。其实，虽然叫做独立主格结构，并不是真正的独立，它还是一种从属分句，在句中有多种作用。如：表原因、表条件、表方式、表伴随、表时间等，在句中通常起状语作用。

三、形式：

独立主格结构在形式上有两部分组成：第一部分有名词或代词担任，第二部分由分词、动词不定式、形容词、副词、或介词短语担任。按其结构形式分为：—ing 分词独立主格结构；—ed分词独立主格结构；无动词独立主格结构等。

四、举例：

1、There being nothing else to do, they gone away.由于无事可做，他们离开了。（代词＋－ing; 表原因）

2、Mi Wang come into the claroom, books in hand.王老师走进教室，手里拿着书。（无动词结构；表伴随）

3、The old man sat in his chair, his eyes closed.老人坐在椅子上，闭着眼睛。（名词＋－ed; 表状态）

4、Cla over, we began to play basketball.

13 放学了，我们开始玩篮球。（名词＋副词；表时间）

5、Without a word more spoken, he picked up the paper.没再多说一个字，他拾起那张纸。（借此结构；表伴随）

6、The last guest to arrive, our party was started.最后一位客人到了，我们的晚会开始了。（名词＋不定式；表时间）

五、独立主格结构与分词短语作状语的异同：

1、独立主格结构与分词短语都可以转化成状语从句。但是，独立主格结构转换成状语从句后，有自己的逻辑主语，与主句的主语不一致；而分词短语转化为状语从句后，从句的主语与主句的主语相同。例：

⑴ If time permit, we’d better have a rest at this weekend.－→Time permitting，we’d better have a rest at this weekend.如果时间允许，本周末我们最好休息一下。

⑵ When we see from the top floor, we can find the garden more beautiful.－→Seeing from the top floor, we can find the garden more beautiful.从顶楼上看，花园更漂亮。

2、还应该注意，分词结构的逻辑主语不是总和主句的主语一致，而是主句的其他成分。语法上称作“依着原则”；有些分词结构在句子上找不到它的逻辑主语，语法上称作“悬垂分词”。例：

⑴ Looking for my watch in the room, it had taken me a long time.在屋里找表，用了我很长时间。(依着原则) ⑵ When planting these flowers, care must be taken not to damage the root.(我们)种花时必须小心，不能碰坏花根。（悬垂分词）

六、独立主格结构与独立成分的异同：

1、有的分词短语可以独立存在，在句子中没有逻辑上的主语，实际上已经成了习惯短语。这些短语有：generally speaking; frankly speaking; judging from; supposing等等。 例：

⑴ Generally speaking, the rule is very easy to understand.总的来说，这个规则很容易懂。

⑵ Judging from what he said, she must be an honest girl.根据他所说的，她一定很诚实。

2、有些固定短语是带to的不定式，表明说话人的立场和态度，在句中作独立成分。这些短语有：to be honest; to be sure; to tell you the truth; to cut a long story short; to be frank; to make the matter worse等等。例：

⑴ To tell you the truth, what I said at the meeting was not my opinion.说实话，我在会上说的并不是我的意见。

⑵ To make the matter worse, he locked his keys in the car.更糟糕的是，他把钥匙锁在车里了

七、非谓语动词独立主格结构

在独立主格结构中，非谓语动词和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。 Such an able man to help you，you will surely succeed sooner or later.有这么能干的人来帮你, 你迟早一定会成功的。（such an able man和 to help you 之间存在着主谓关系）

= Since such an able man will help you, you will surely succeed sooner or later.He seating himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story.他在书桌旁坐好后，他母亲开始给他讲故事。（seating himself at the desk拥有了自己的逻辑主语he，注意是“主格”）

= When he seated himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story.The key to the bike lost, he had to walk to school.由于丢了自行车钥匙，他只好步行去学校。（lost 的逻辑主语是the key，lost 也可以用完成式having been lost）

= Because the key to the bike had been lost, he had to walk to school.A．不定式“独立主格结构”

在“逻辑主语+动词不定式”结构中，动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。这种结构也可用一个从句或并列分句来表达。 1．动词不定式用主动的形式

在独立主格结构中，动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。 His mother to come tonight，he is busy preparing the dinner.他母亲今晚要来,他正在忙着准备饭菜。（= As his mother is to come tonight, he is busy preparing the dinner.）

——will you go to the concert tonight 你今晚去听音乐会吗？

15 ——sorry.So many exercise-books to check, I really can't afford any time.对不起，有这多的作业要批，我真的抽不出时间。

（＝Because I shall check so many exercise-books tonight ,I really can't afford any time.）

The four of us agreed on a division of labour , each to translate a quarter of the book.我们四人同意分工干，每人翻译全书的四分之一。

（＝The four of us agreed on a division of labour and each is to translate a quarter of the book.）

Many trees,flowers,and gra to be planted, our newly-built school will look even more beautiful.种上许多的树，花和草后，我们新建的学校将看上去更美。(=If many trees,flowers,and gra are planted,our newly-built school will look even more beautiful.) B．-ing形式“独立主格结构”

动词的-ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语保持一致。 Being ill, he went home.由于生病,他回家了。（= As he was very ill, he went home.） Seating himself at the desk, he began to read a magazine.在课桌旁坐好后，他开始看杂志。（= When he had seated himself at the desk, he began to read a magazine.）

1． 表示时间的-ing形式作“独立主格结构”

Everyone being ready, the teacher began his cla.每个人都准备好后，老师开始上课。（相当于一个时间状语从句When everyone was ready) The chairman began the meeting , everyone being seated.每个人坐好后，主席开始开会。（相当于一个时间状语从句after everyone was seated） 2． 表示原因的-ing形式作“独立主格结构”

The boy leading the way, we had no trouble finding the strange cave.由那个男孩带路，我们没有困难就找到了那奇怪的洞。（相当于一个原因状语从句Because the boy led the way）

16 Many eyes watching him, he felt a bit nervous.许多眼睛看着他，他感到有点儿紧张。（相当于一个原因状语从句As many eyes were watching him） 必背：

含有being的独立主格结构。

It being National Day today，the streets are very crowded.今天是国庆节,街上很拥挤。

= As it is National Day today, the streets are very crowded.There being no further busine to discu, we all went home.没有别的事可讨论，我们都回家了。

= As there was no further busine to discu, we all went home.3． 表示条件的-ing形式作“独立主格结构”

Time permitting, we will have a picnic next week.时间允许的话，我们下星期将进行一次野炊。（相当于一个条件状语从句If time permits) My health allowing, I will work far into the night.我的健康许可的话，我愿工作到深夜。（相当于一个条件状语从句If my health allows） 4． 表示方式的-ing形式作“独立主格结构”

The students are walking in the school happily, each wearing a card in front of his chest.学生们快乐地在学校里走着，每个人胸前都带着一张卡。（相当于一个并列分句and each wears a card in front of his chest）

The boy lay on the gra, his eyes looking at the sky.男孩躺在草地上，眼睛看着天空。（相当于一个并列分句and his eyes were looking at the sky）

C．-ed形式“独立主格结构”

与逻辑主语+动词的-ing形式一样，如果-ed形式的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一致的话，就需要用-ed形式的独立主格结构。

The book written in simple English, English beginners were able to read it.该书是用简单英语写的，英语初学者也能看懂。

= As the book was written in simple English，English beginners were able to read it.

17 The workers worked still harder, their living conditions greatly improved.由于工人们的生活条件大大提高，他们工作得更起劲了。

= As their living conditions were greatly improved, the workers worked still harder.He was listening attentively in cla, his eyes fixed on the blackboard.他上课专心听讲，眼睛紧盯着黑板。

= He was listening attentively in cla, and his eyes were fixed on the blackboard.The task completed, he had two months' leave.任务完成以后，他休了两个月的假。（=When the task had been completed, he had two months' leave.） 比较：

动词不定式表示动作没有发生或即将发生，动词-ed形式表示动作已经结束，动词-ing形式往往表示动作正在进行。

The manager looks worried，many things to settle.经理看上去很着急, 有这么多的事情要处理。（事情还没有处理，而且是由经理本人来处理，用不定式to settle） The manager looks relaxed, many things settled.许多事情已经处理好了， 经理看上去很轻松。（事情已经处理好了，用动词-ed形式settled表示动作已经结束）

The food being cooked, the boy was watching TV.小孩一边做饭，一边看电视。（两个动作同时进行）

The food cooked, the boy went to bed.饭做好了，小孩去睡了。（两个动作有先后，饭已做好，小孩才去睡觉的

八、with、without 引导的独立主格结构

介词with/without +宾语+宾语的补足语可以构成独立主格结构，上面讨论过的独立主格结构的几种情况在此结构中都能体现。 A． with+名词代词+形容词

He doesn’t like to sleep with the windows open.他不喜欢开着窗子睡觉。

= He doesn’t like to sleep when the windows are open.He stood in the rain, with his clothes wet.他站在雨中，衣服湿透了。

= He stood in the rain, and his clothes were wet.

18 注意：

在“with+名词代词+形容词”构成的独立主格结构中，也可用已形容词化的-ing形式或-ed形式。

With his son so disappointing，the old man felt unhappy.由于儿子如此令人失望,老人感到很不快乐。

With his father well-known, the boy didn’t want to study.父亲如此出名，儿子不想读书。 B． with+名词代词+副词

Our school looks even more beautiful with all the lights on.所有的灯都打开时，我们的学校看上去更美。

= Our school looks even more beautiful if when all the lights are on.The boy was walking, with his father ahead.父亲在前，小孩在后走着。

= The boy was walking and his father was ahead.C． with+名词代词+介词短语

He stood at the door, with a computer in his hand.或 He stood at the door, computer in hand.他站在门口，手里拿着一部电脑。

= He stood at the door, and a computer was in his hand.Vincent sat at the desk, with a pen in his mouth.或 Vincent sat at the desk, pen in mouth.文森特坐在课桌前，嘴里衔着一支笔。

= Vincent sat at the desk, and he had a pen in his mouth.D． with+名词代词+动词的-ed形式

With his homework done, Peter went out to play.作业做好了，彼得出去玩了。

= When his homework was done, Peter went out to play.With the signal given, the train started.信号发出了，火车开始起动了。

= After the signal was given, the train started.

19 I wouldn’t dare go home without the job finished.工作还没完成，我不敢回家。

= I wouldn’t dare go home because the job was not finished.E． with+名词代词+动词的-ing形式

The man felt very happy with so many children sitting around him.有这么多的孩子坐在他周围，那男子感到很高兴。

= The man felt very happy when he found so many children sitting around him.The girl hid her box without anyone knowing where it was.小女孩把盒子藏了起来，没有人知道它在哪里。

= The girl hid her box and no one knew where it was.Without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window.他趁没人注意的时候，从窗口溜走了。

= When no one was noticing, he slipped through the window.F． with+名词代词+动词不定式

The little boy looks sad, with so much homework to do.有这么多的家庭作业要做，小男孩看上去很不开心。

= The little boy looks sad because he has so much homework to do.The kid feels excited with so many places of interest to visit.有这么多的名胜可参观，小孩很激动。

The kid feels excited as there are so many places of interest to visit.提示：

在with/without 的复合结构中，多数情况下with 能省略，但without 不能省略。 Without a word more spoken, she left the meeting room.她没再说什么话就离开了会议室。（without不能省略）

九、独立主格结构的句法功能

独立主格结构在句中除了能充当原因状语、时间状语、条件状语和伴随状语外，还能作定语。在形式上，“独立主格结构”可位于句首、句中或句尾，并通常用逗号与主句隔开。 A．作状语

独立主格结构作状语，其功能相当于一个状语从句或并列分句。 1．表示时间

20 Night coming on, we put ourselves up in a small hotel.夜幕降临，我们在一家小旅馆住了下来。

（= When night came on, we put ourselves up in a small hotel.） All the guests seated, they began their dinner.所有的客人就坐后，他们才开始吃饭。

（= When all the guests were seated, they began their dinner.） With everything she needed bought, Grace took a taxi home.所需要的都买好后，格雷斯打的回家了。

（After everything she needed was bought, Grace took a taxi home.） 2．表示原因

With a lot of difficult problems to settle, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.有许多难题要解决，新当选的总统日子不好过。

（= As he has a lot of difficult problems to settle, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.）

There being no means of transportation, he had to walk home at midnight.由于在半夜没有交通工具了， 他只好步行回家。

(= As there was no means of transportation, he had to walk home at midnight.) 3．表示条件

Weather permitting, we will hold our yearly sports meeting next week.如果天气允许的话，我们下星期将举行每年一次的运动会。

（= If weather permits，we will hold our yearly sports meeting next week.） All the work done, you can have a rest.所有工作做好后，你可以休息。

（=As long as all the work is done, you can have a rest.）

Everything taken into consideration, the plan seems to be more practical.如果从各方面考虑，你的计划似乎更实际些。

（= If everything is taken into consideration, the plan seems to be more practical.） 提示：

表示时间、原因、条件的独立主格结构一般放在句首，并且不能保留连词。

21 【误】When cla being over, the students left their claroom.【正】Cla (being) over, the students left their claroom.下课了，学生都离开了教室。

【误】The moon appearing and they continued their way.【正】The moon appearing, they continued their way.月亮出来了，他们继续赶路。 4．表示伴随情况或补充说明

The strange man was walking down the street, with a stick in his hand.那个奇怪的男人在街上走着,手里拿着根手杖。

（= The strange man was walking down the street, and he carried a stick in his hand.） The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.杀人犯被带了进来，手被捆在背后。

（=The murderer was brought in, and his hands were tied behind his back.） Two hundred people died in the accident, many of them children.有两百人在事故中丧生，其中许多是儿童。

（Two hundred people died in the accident and many of them were children.） B．作定语

独立主格结构作定语，其功能相当于一个定语从句。

He is the person with a lot of questions to be settled.(with 的复合结构作定语,修饰the student) 他就是有许多问题要解决的那个人。

= He is the person who has a lot of questions to be settled.You can use a large plastic bottle with its top cut off.(with 的复合结构作定语,修饰bottle) 你可以使用一个颈被砍掉的大塑料瓶。

= You can use a large plastic bottle whose top was cut off.He was walking along the road without any street lights on its both sides.他走在一条两边没有路灯的马路上。 (without的复合结构作定语,修饰the road ) = He was walking along the road that didn’t have any street lights on its both sides.提示：

在这里我们讨论了很多用连词连接的两个句子改为独立主格结构的情况。需要提示的是，不

22 是所有用连词的地方都可以改为独立主格结构。

If you stand on the top of the mountain，the park looks more beautiful.如果你站在山顶上, 公园看上去更美。（不要改为独立主格结构）

If you check your test paper carefully, some mistakes can be avoided.如果你仔细检查试卷的话，有些错误是可以避免的。（不要改为独立主格结构）

23

第18篇：高考二轮复习英语教案

2010高考二轮复习英语教案

专题十四 强调句、省略句、插入语

【专题要点】强调句、省略句、插入语要点概览：1.强调句型―It is/was----that----‖的用法。强调句型的特殊疑问句；2.it强调句型与定语从句、状语从句的区别；3.动词不定式的省略；4.状语从句中的省略，―连词+分词‖的省略现象；5.常用插入语：by the way 顺便说，顺便问一下；so far 到目前为止；and so on 等等；on the contrary 相反； no wonder 不足为奇；as a matter of fact 事实上；come along 快点，来吧；in other words 换句话说；as usual 如同以往；as a result 因此，结果。 【考纲要求】按照考纲要求，考生应能够恰当地使用词语和强调句式对表达的内容进行强调，近几年的高考试题主要考查考生对谓语动词的强调的理解和强调句型的灵活使用，考查复合句中的强调句式；按照考试大纲的要求，考生应掌握英语省略的一些基本原则，在行文中正确地使用省略；而近几年的高考试题主要考查定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句、简单句中和交际语境中的省略；按照考纲要求依据不同语境能正确使用插入语，分析近几年的高考题多以考查短语的形式，在交际用语中或句中进行辨析。

【教法指引】仔细研究近年高考题，我们不难发现强调句、省略句、插入语倍受出题者的青睐。在近五年的高考试卷中强调句、省略句已经成为高考热点。命题者加大了对句子结构复杂程度和知识面的考查，同时注重考查知识之间的交叉和语法知识的力度。这就要求教师在平时引导考生在复习和备考中注意总结，全面把握，深入研究。 具体说把握强调句以下四大考点： （1）考查强调句式的基本结构

（2）考查含有―not…until…‖句型的强调句式 （3）考查强调句式的疑问句 （4）考查强调句式的正确判断

省略是高考英语考试大纲要求掌握的的语法项目之一，虽然不是每年必考项目，但不少省份有所涉及省略这一语法项目。从命题的趋势来看，更侧重考查省略在交际中的功能，考查语法知识间的交叉使用。因此教师在引导考生复习备考中要注意以下几个方面：

1.状语从句中的省略。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，或从句的主语是it，且有系动词be的任何形式时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be。常见的连词有：as，if, as if, once, though, whether, when, while, unle等等。 2. 有关to的省略。

（1）在can‘t but，can‘t not help but, can not choose but之后的动词不定式一般不带to，but之前有实义动词do的某种形式do，does，did，done时，也不带to； （2）当主语或修饰主语的定语从句中有动词do的某种形式时，用作表语的不定式可以省略。如：All I did is（to）give him a leon.（3）由why，why not引导的特殊疑问句，后跟省略to的动词不定式。

（4）have，make，see，hear， notice，observe等后接不带to的动词不定式 ；

（5）为避免句子重复，承前省略动词原形，而保留不定式符号to，但是有助动词be或have时，则要保留be或have。 3.在if引导的虚拟条件句中

在if引导的虚拟条件句中含有had，were，should时，可以把had，were，should放在句首且省略if。

4.在限制性定语从句中的省略

在限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词that、which、whom可以省略；在以the same ...as和such ...as引导的定语从句中，可以省略与主句相同的部分；the way后面的定语从句中，可以省略that或in which。

教师在引导考生复习备考中按照大纲中要求熟练掌握的常用作插入语的词语

在英语学习中，插入语是一个比较重要的知识点。由于插入语是一种独立成分，通常与句中其他成分没有语法上的关系，许多同学在学习过程中会有一定的困难。其实，插入语大都是对一句话进行附加说明或解释，通常由一个词、一个短语或一个句子构成，常置于句首、句中或句末，一般用逗号或破折号与句子隔开，按照大纲要求熟练记忆一下常用短语和用法如： by the way 顺便说，顺便问一下；so far 到目前为止；and so on 等等；on the contrary 相反； no wonder 不足为奇；as a matter of fact 事实上；come along 快点，来吧；in other words 换句话说；as usual 如同以往；as a result 因此，结果。 【知识网络】

强调句的用法

（一）强调句句型

1、陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分。 It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.

2、一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。

Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?

3、特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？

When and where was it that you were born?

4、强调句例句：针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。

强调主语：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.

强调宾语：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday. 强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday. 强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.

5、注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was … ，其余的时态用It is … 。

（二）not … until … 句型的强调句

1、句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分 普通句：He didn‘t go to bed until/ till his wife came back.

强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.

2、注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用；因为句型中It is/ was not … 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。

（三）谓语动词的强调

1、It is/ was … that … 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/ does或did。 Do sit down.务必请坐。

He did write to you last week.上周他确实给你写了信。

Do be careful when you cro the street.过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！

2、注意：此种强调只用do/ does和did ，没有别的形式；过去时用did ，后面的谓语动词用原形。 省略句用法

为了使讲话和行文简洁，句中某些成分有时可省略。省略可分以下几种情况：

（一）简单句中的省略

1、省略主语：祈使句中主语通常省略。其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。 (I) Thank you for your help.（括号内为省略的词语，下同） (I) see you tomorrow.(It) Doesn‘t matter.

2、省略主谓语或主谓语的一部分。

(There is) No smoking.(Is there) Anything wrong? Why (do you) not say hello to him?

3、省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留to。

---- Are you going there? ---- I‘d like to (go there).

He did not give me the chance, though he had promised to (give me the chance).注意：如果该宾语是be动词或完成时态，则须在to之后加上be或have。 ---- Are you an engineer? ---- No, but I want to be.---- He hasn‘t finished the task yet. ---- Well, he ought to have.

4、省略表语。

---- Are you thirsty? ---- Yes, I am (thirsty).

5、同时省略几个成分。

Let‘s meet at the same place as (we met) yesterday.

---- Have you finished your work? ---- (I have) Not (finished my work) yet.

（二）并列句中的省略

两个并列分句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。 My father is a doctor and my mother (is) a nurse.I study at college and my sister (studies) at high school.

（三）主从复合句中的省略

1、主句中有一些成分被省略。(I‘m) Sorry to hear that you are ill.

(It is a) Pity that he mied such a good chance.

2、省略了一个从句或从句的一部分，用so或not（切不可用it或that）代替。---- Is he coming back tonight? ---- I think so.---- Is he feeling better today? ---- I‘m afraid not.

这种用法常见的有：How so? Why so? Is that so? I hope so.He said so 及I suppose not.I believed not.I hope not等。（但I don‘t think so比I think not更常用）。

（四）其它省略

1、连词that的省略： ①、宾语从句中常省略连词that，但也有不能省略的情况（参看―名词性从句‖等有关部分）。 ②、在定语从句中，that在从句中作宾语时可省略。 ③、引导主语从句、同位语从句等的连词that一般不可省略。在表语从句中偶尔可省略。

2、不定式符号to的省略 ①、并列的不定式可省去后面的to。

I told him to sit down and wait for a moment.②、某些使役动词（如let, make, have）及感官动词（如see, watch, notice, hear, feel, look at和listen to等）后面作宾语补足的不定式一定要省去to，但在被动语态中须把to复原。 ---- I saw the boy fall from the tree.---- The boy was seen to fall from the tree.③、介词but前若有动词do，后面的不定式不带to。 The boy did nothing but play.

3、在某些状语从句中，从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可省去―主语 + be‖部分。（参看―状语从句‖有关部分）

4、连词if在部分虚拟条件句中可省略，但后面的语序有变化（参见―倒装句‖有关部分）

5、主句与从句各有一些成分省略。

The sooner (you do it), the better (it will be).

插入语的用法

英语句子中（尤其在口语中）常插入一些单词、短语或者句子，用来补充某些含义。语法上称他们为―插入语‖。

（一）插入语的类型：

1、单词（多是副词），如：besides, however, otherwise, therefore, though等。 She is looking fit, though.他看起来倒是健康。 I can, however, discu this when I see you.

2、短语

China and India, for example, are neighbours.By the way, where are you from?

3、句子

He is an honest man, I believe.Jack, as far as I know, isn‘t clever.

（二）插入语的位置

通常插入语位于句中，并用逗号隔开。但有时，也可位于句首或句末（见上面例句）。也有时，并不用逗号隔开。

You know that I think you are wrong.我认为，你明白你错了。 What on earth do you mean? 你究竟是什么意思？

（三）插入语在句中的作用 一般来说，插入语在句中不起主要作用。如果把插入语抽去，句子的含义不大受影响。但是，有的插入语却是句子不可缺少的一部分。

He got the news from nobody knows where.他这消息谁也不知道是从哪儿得来的。

（四）插入语的特殊用法 下面这种复杂的特殊疑问句，也可认为包含有―插入语‖。这种疑问句（有的语法书也称为―混合疑问句‖或―连锁疑问句‖）常用来征询对方对某一疑问点的看法、判断、认识、猜度或请求对方重复一遍说过的话。口语中出现频率极高。常用动词有say, suppose, gue, believe, consider, think, imagine 等。

How long did you say she would stay here? When do you suppose they‘ll be back? How old did you think she was

（五）插入语的几种典型用法 1.许多分词短语可以用作插入语，这样的分词短语有：strictly speaking（严格地说），generally considering（一般认为）， judging from……（根据……判断）等。 2.常用作插入语的副词或副词短语有：indeed（的确），surely（无疑），however（然而），frankly（坦率地说），obviously（显然），naturally（天然地），luckily （happily） for sb.（算某人幸运），fortunately（幸好），strangely（奇怪），briefly（简单地说）等。 3.常用作插入语的介词短语有：in conclusion（总之），in a word（简而言之），in short（简而言之），in general（一般说来），in a sense（在某种意义上），in my view（在我看来），in his opinion（按照他的看法），in fact（事实上），at first（首先）， in addition（此外），of course（当然），to my surprise（使我惊奇的），to her regret（使她遗憾的），for example（例如）等。

4.用简短的句子结构作插入语，它们常置于句中或句末。这类简短的句子有：I am sure（我可以肯定地说），I believe（我相信），do you know（你知道吗），you see（你明白），I‘m afraid（恐怕），it is said（据说），I suppose（我想），what‘s more（而且），what‘s worse（更糟糕的是），that is（也就是说），what is important（重要的是）等。 常用作插入语的不定式短语有：to be sure（无疑地），to sum up（概括地说），to tell the truth（老实说）等。

5.常用作插入语的形容词或其短语有：true（真的），funny（真可笑），needle to say（不用说），most important of all（最为重要），worse still（更糟糕的），even better（更好）等。

2010高考二轮复习英语考案

专题十四 强调句、省略句、插入语 【专题考案】

1.My bike is miing.I can‘t find ____ anywhere.A.one B.ones

C.it D.that 2.---- Who‘s that? ---- ____ Profeor Li.A.That‘s B.It‘s C.He‘s D.This‘s 3.____ was Jane that I saw in the library this morning.A.It B.He C.She D.That 4.---- Have you ever seen a whale alive? ---- Yes, I‘ve seen ____.A.that B.it C.such D.one 5.The color of my coat is different from ____ of yours.A.this B.that C.it D.one 6.____ will do you good to do some exercise every morning.A.It B.There C.Those D.You 7.We think ____ our duty to pay taxes to our government.A.that B.this C.its D.it 8.The climate of Shanghai is better than ____ of Nanjing.A.that B.it C.which D.what 9.____ four years since I joined the Army.A.There was B.There is C.It was D.It is 10.How long ____ to finish the work? A.you‘ll take B.you‘ll take it C.will it take you

D.will take you 11.It was through Xiao Li ____ I got to know Xiao Wang.A.who B.whom C.how D.that 12.It was in the rice fields ____ we had our league meeting.A.where B.that C.in which D.on which 13.It was on October 1st ____ new China was founded.A.which B.when C.as D.that 14.Was it because he was ill ____ he asked for leave? A.and B.that C.that‘s D.so 15.Mary speaks in a low voice; ____ is difficult to know what she is saying.A.it B.that C.so D.she 16.It was ____ I met Mr.Green in Shanghai.A.many years that

B.many years before C.many years ago that

D.many years when 17.____ is not everybody ____ can draw so well.A.It, all B.It, that

C.There, who D.There, that 18.So ____ that no fish can live in it.A.shallow is the lake

B.the lake is shallow C.shallow the lake is

D.is the lake shallow 19.---- Won‘t you have another try? ---- ____.A.Yes, I will B.Yes, I won‘t C.Yes, I will have D.Yes, I won‘t have 20.---- I won‘t do it any more.---- ____? A.Why don‘t B.Why don‘t do it any more C.Why not D.Why not do 21.---- Do you think it will snow tomorrow? ---- ____.A.No, I don‘t think

B.I don‘t think

C.No, I don‘t so

D.I don‘t think so 22.---- Will he fail in the exam? ---- ____.A.Don‘t hope to

B.Let‘s hope not

C.Not hope so

D.Let‘s hope not to 23.____ usual, I have forgotten something.A.As B.As it is C.It‘s D.That is 24.____ she a man, she might be elected president.A.If B.Unle C.Was D.Were 25.____ I had time, I would have played it again.A.If B.Unle C.Had D.When 26.____ it rain tomorrow, I‘d stay at home.

A.Should B.Would C.When D.If 27.I like sports and ____ my brother.A.so B.so does C.so is D.so likes 28.Francis, ____ born in Kentucky, lived and practised law in Miouri.A.was B.He was C.who is D.although 29.---- Aren‘t you the manager? ---- No, and I ____.A.don‘t want B.don‘t want to C.don‘t want to be D.don‘t 30.---- Have you fed the dog? ---- No, but ____.A.I am B.I‘m just going to C.I‘m

D.I‘m just going 31.Your performance in the driving test didn‘t reach the required standard — ____, you failed.A.in the end B.after all C.in other words

D.at the same time 32.How long ____ she would stay here? A.did she say B.she said C.did D./ 33.____ could do such thing? A.Whom do you think

B.Who do you think C.Do you think whom

D.Did you think who 34.John was ill.Have you heard about ____? A.this B.he C.it D.the one 35.Hurry up! ____ getting darker and darker.A.The sky is B.It‘s C.Weather is D.Time is 36.It‘s the third time ____ I have been here.

A.that B.when C.after D.who 37.It was simply for that reason ____ I wouldn‘t tell him the truth.A.why B.which C.so D.that 38.Was it in the place ____ the last emperor died? A.where B.that C.which D.in which 39.____ is no difference between A and B.A.It B.Where C.There D.What 40.It ____ Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago.A.was B.were C.are D.had been 41.He said, ― ____ a long way to school.____ a long way to go yet before we arrive.‖ A.It is, It is B.There is, There is C.There is, It is D.It is, There is 42.I don‘t like ____ you speak to her.

A.the way B.the way in that C.the way which D.the way of which 43.If you go to Xi‘an, you‘ll find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly ____.A.supposing B.suppose C.to suppose D.supposed 44.____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.There B.This C.That D.It 45.It was about 600 years ago ____ the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.A.that B.until C.before D.when 46.It was not until 1920 ____ regular radio broadcast began.A.while B.which C.that D.since 47.---- Do you mind my taking this seat?

---- ____.

A.Yes, sit down please

B.No, of course not C.Yes, take it please D.No, you can‘t take it

48.---- I‘ll be away on a busine trip.Would you mind looking after my cat? --- Not at all.____.A.I‘ve no time B.I‘d rather not C.I‘d like it D.I‘d be happy to

49.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _____.A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.do not to 50.It was not until she came to see us ____ her mother was ill in bed.A.when we knew

B.that did we knew C.that we knew D.that did we know 51.---- This store has such high prices. ---- I agree.Never again ____ here.A.I will shop B.will I shop C.I do shop D.shop I 52.____ was his kindne that everyone praised him.A.It B.What C.So D.Such 53.____, he would have paed the exam.A.If he were to study

B.If he studied hard C.Had he studied hard

D.Should he study hard 54.---- David has made great progre recently. ---- ____, and ____.

A.So he has, so have you

B.So he has, so you have C.So has he, so have you D.So has he, so you have 55.No sooner ____ they rushed out into the street.

A.did they hear the news than

B.did they hear the news when C.had they heard the news than

D.had they heard the news when 56.He was unable to make such progre, ____.A.hard as he tried

B.as hard he tried C.hard he has tried

D.tried hard as he 57.It was through Xiao Li ____ I got to know Xiao Wang.A.who

B.whom

C.how

D.that 58.It was in the rice fields ____ we had our league meeting.A.where

B.that

C.in which

D.on which 59.It was on October 1st ____ new China was founded.A.which

B.when

C.as

D.that 60.Was it because he was ill ____ he asked for leave? A.and

B.that

C.that‘s D.so 61.It was ____ I met Mr Green in Shanghai.A.many years that

B.many years before C.many years ago that

D.many years when 62.It is these poisonous products _______can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles.

A.who

B.that

C.how

D.what 63.I feel it is your husband who_______ for the spoiled child.A.is to blame

B.is going to blame

C.is to be blamed

D.should blame 64.It was for this reason _________her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.

A.which

B.why

C.that

D.how 65.—Where was it_____ the road accident happened yesterday ?

--In front of the market. A.when

B.that

C.which

D.how 66.It was not until she had arrived home_______ her appointment with the doctor A.did she remember

B.that she remembered C.when she remembered

D.had she remembered 67._____， he often forgot to turn off the lights.A.Even better

B.Strange

C.However

D .Fortunately 68.Greenland， _____ island in the world，covers over two million square kilometers.A.it is the largest B.that is the largest

C.is the largest D.the largest 69.An awful accident_____，however，occur the other day.A.does

B.did

C.has to

D.had to 70.Yesterday Jane walked away from the discuion.Otherwise，she ____ something she would regret later.A.had said

B.said

C.might say

D.might have said 71.Boris has brains.In fact，I doubt whether anyone in the cla has ____IQ.A.a high

B.a higher

C.the higher

D.the highest 72.Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others， _____，of course，made the others envy him.A.who

B.that

C.what

D.which 73._____ the general state of his health，it may take him a while to recover from the operation.A.Given

B.To give

C.Giving

D.Having given 74._____，succe results from hard work.A.Worse still

B.Sure enough

C.To sum up

D.What‘s worse 75.As I know，there is _____ car in this neighborhood.A.no such

B.no a

C.not such

D.no such a 76.He made another wonderful discovery， _____ of great importance to science.A.which I think is B.which I think it is

C.which I think it D.I think which is 77.One day， _____，Newton saw an apple fall from a tree.A.to sum up

B.what‘s more

C.it is said

D.in addition

78.Were all three people in the car injured in the accident? No,___ only the two paengers who got hurt.

A.it was

B.there is

C.it were

D.there was 79.---Who is making so much noise in the garden? --- ___ the children.A.It is

B.They are

C.That is

D .There are 80.It was ___she was about to go out ___the telephone rang.A.when ; that

B.so; that

C.before; then

D.when; before 81.It was ___ he said ___ disappointed me.A.what; that

B.that; what

C.that; when

D.it; when 82.____ that silver is not widely used as a conductor? A.Why is

B.Is it why

C.Why is it

D.Why is that 83.I can‘t find Mr.Smith .Where did you meet him this morning?

It was in the hotel ___ he stated.

A.that

B which

C.the one

D.where

84.It was in the small house ___was built with stones by his father ___ he spent his childhood.

A.which; that

B, that ;where

C, which; which

D.that; which 85.It was ___ it was raining so hard that we had to stay at home all day.A.since

B .for

C.as

D.because 86.Is ____three hours ____ the boy ___family is poor to come to school on foot? A .it ;that; whose

B.it; that it takes; whose

C.it for ;that it takes; whose

D.it; when ;that

87.It was his wife___ left him without saying goodbye.

A.who

B .which

C .when

D.in which 88.It is on

a winter night ___he spent with me last night.

A.that

B.where

C.as

D .when 89 It is the young man ___ looked for ___ caught the murderer.A.that; who

B.that; they

C.they ;that

D they ;which 90.It was ____ my teacher worked ____ I work hard. A.where; that

B.where； where

C .that; that

D.that ;where 91.It was in the evening __we reached the little town of Winchester.

A that

B.until

C.since

D.before

92.It was until dark ___ he found ___ he thought was the correct way to solve the problem. A.that; what

B.that; that

C.when; what

D.when; that 93.It is the ability to do the job ____ matters ,not where you come from or what you are.A.one

B.that

C .what

D.it 94.I don‘t know ____ that you stay here.

A.how long it is B.how long is it

C.it is how long D.is it how long 95.It was _____ that caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.A.we being late

B.our being late

C.we were too late

D.because we were late 96.---what was the party like?

---Wonderful.It‘s years _____ I enjoyed myself much.

A.after

B.before

C .that

D.sinc 97.Why! I have nothing to confe.____you want me to say.A.What is it that B.What it is that

C.How is it that

D.How it is that 98．----Tomorrow is a holiday.Why are you doing your homework?

-----I am doing these exercises now so that I won‘t have _____ on Sunday.A.it

B.them

C.for

D.to 99．----Shall I invite Ann to my birthday party tomorrow evening?

----Yes.It‘ll be fine if you______.

A.are

B.can

C.invite

D.do 100.---- Aren‘t you the manager?

---- No, and I______ A.don‘t want to

B.don‘t want to be

C.don‘t want be D.don‘t want 101.---I‘ll be away on a busine trip.Would you mind looking after my cat?

---Not at all.______.

A.I‘ve no time

B.I‘d rather not

C.I‘d like it

D.I‘d be glad to 102．---- Won‘t you have another try?

---- ________.

A.Yes, I will have B.Yes, I won‘t have C.Yes, I won‘t D.Yes, I will

103．-----I won‘t do it any more.

-----_______? A.Why not

B.Why don‘t do any more C.Why not do

D.Why don‘t

104．----Do you think it will snow tomorrow?

----______? A.I don‘t think

B.No, I don‘t think

C.I don‘t think so

D.No, I don‘t so 105．----Have you fed the cat?

----No, but______.A.I‘m

B.I am

C.I‘m just going

D.I‘m just going to 106． —Why do you want the book so much?

—_____, sir.A.Studying

B.Studied

C.Studies

D.To study 107．—Will you go home tomorrow evening? —No, I‘m going to a lecture, or at least I am planning _____.

A.so

B.to

C.it

D.that

108._____ for your brother, I would not have gone to see Mr.Wang. A.If it is not

B.Were it not

C.Had it not been D.If they were not 109.We will have a meeting next week, but we don‘t know _____.A.who

B.where

C.as

D.which 110.He said _____ his sister had paed the college entrance examination, and _____ she would go to college in about 20 days.

A.that; 不填

B.that; that

C.不填; 不填

D.that; which

111.Although ________ to stop, he kept on working.A.tell B.telling C.having told D.told 112.--- Will you waste your time and money on that? --- Certainly ________.A.I not B.don‘t

C.not D.no 113.--- Mary didn‘t attend the lecture, did she?

--- Yes, she ________.A.attended B.didn‘t attend C.didn‘t D.did 114.--- What‘s Joan doing?

--- _________ newspapers in the room.A.She reading B.She reads

C.To read

D.Reading 115._________ always succeed.

A.Honest and clever students

B.Students who honest and clever C.Honest students and clever

D.Students are honest and clever 116.--- Can you climb that tree, my boy?

--- __________ ? A.I

B.Myself

C.Mine D.Me 117.Some people are against the plan but _______ support it.A.any more B.many more

C.much more D.no more 118.--- Why not go and have dinner in a restaurant? --- _________.It‘s too expensive.

A.Why not B.I agree

C.I‘m afraid not D.I‘m sure

参考答案：

1-5 CBADB 6-10 ADADC 11-15 DBDBA 16-20 CBAAC 21-25 DBADC 26-30 ABDCB 31-35 CABCB 36-40 ADBCA 41-45 DADDA 46-50 CBDAC 51-55 BDCAC 56-60 ADBDB 61-65 CBACB 66-70BBDBD 71-75 BDACA 76-80ACAAA 81-85 ACAAD 86-90 BAACA 91-95AABAB 96-100DBDDB 101-105 DDDCD 106-110DBCBB 111-115DCDDA 116-118 DBC

2010高考二轮复习英语学案

专题十四 强调句、省略句、插入语 【典例精析】1.（2008安徽卷， 32）-----Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?

----- Yes, _______, I‘m going to visit some homes for the old in the city.A.If ever

B.If busy

C.If anything

D.If poible 【解析】D本题考查四个句型结构。If ever如果有过的话（如果发生过的话），.If busy根据题意，是If I am busy的省略，与下文语意矛盾；If anything 意思是―更可能的是，总之‖；if poible如果可能的话。题意为―如果可能的话，我将去城里的一些老年之家看看。‖ 2.（2008福建卷，30）– Who should be responsible for the accident?

– The bo, not the workers.They just carried out the order _____.A.as told

B.as are told

C.as telling

D.as they told 【解析】A考查省略、被动的用法。补全句子应该是They just carried out the order as they were told。

3.（2008 全国II，英语，20）It was in New Zealand ___ Elizabeth first met Mr.Smith.A.that

B.how

C.which

D.when 【解析】A句意为―伊利莎白第一次见到史密斯是在新西兰。‖考查强调句型的用法。It is/was+被强调部分+that/who从句。如果把 It was以及that去掉的话，句子就变成了in New Zealand Elizabeth first met Mr.Smith.句子仍然完整。

4.（2008 重庆卷，英语 22） It was not until midnight __ they reached the camp site. A .that

B.when

C.while

D.as 【解析】A句意：他们直到半夜才到达宿营地。本句考查强调结构，可以还原为：They didn‘t reach the camp site until midnight.这是含有until引导状语从句的强调句型。当强调 until从句部分时，应注意把not一起提前。即：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分。 5.（2008‘NMET 天津卷，英语 8） It was along the Miiippi River _______ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.

A.how

B.which

C.that

D.where 【解析】C句意：正是在密西西比河岸马克·吐温度过了他孩提时代的大部分时光。本题考查强调句。如果把It was以及that 去掉，原句就成了along the Miiippi River Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.句子仍然完整。 6.（08全国I卷）—What fruit is in season now? —Grapes and peaches, ______.A.I know

B.I think

C.I see

D.I feel 【解析】B 考查插入语用法。按照句意此处为我的看法，对前面的答语起补充说明作用。 7.（09湖南）Every evening after dinner, if not_____ from work, I will spend some time walking my dog.

A.being tired B.tiring

C.tired

D.to be tired 【解析】C 省略句式。在if引导的条件状语从句中，从句中还原应为if am not tired from work，根据省略的原则，所以答案选C。 8.（09江西）It was _____ he came bank from Africa that wear _________ he met the girl he would like to marry.

A.when; then

B.not; until

C.not until; that

D.only; when

【解析】C 强调句型。根据It is ……that 结构可知。

9.（09江西）Some of you may have finished unit one._____ , you can go on to unit two.

A.If you may

B.If you do

C.If not

D.If so

【解析】D 省略句的用法。 If so = If you have done that / so 10.（09全国2卷）It is often ___that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.A.said

B.to say

C.saying

D.being said 【解析】A 固定句型（it is +Ved +that从句）。 11.（09江苏）--- What‘s the matter with Della?

--- Well, her parents wouldn\'t allow her to go to the party, but she still __ A.hopes to B.hopes so C.hopes not D.hopes for 【解析】A 考查省略句用法。此处为省略不定式，补全为she still hopes to go to the party。 【专题突破】考生在做强调句式的题时要牢记强调句的基本句型，学会分析句式，采用去掉句式法，正确辨析强调句、定语从句，然后选择相应的连接词即可；省略句和插入语一定要理解语境、语义把握上下文，弄清上下文重复的地方和说话者要表达的意思就可以选出最佳答案。

1.It is rather difficult to make friends with her, but her friendship, _______, is truer than any other‘s.

A．while gaining B．after gaining

C.when to gain

D．once gained 2._________, the weather in America is different from place to place.A．As China

B．Like in China

C．Like China

D．As in China

3.－Why didn‘t Tom give you one of his paintings?

－I didn‘t want one，but he would have given me one if I

A．did

B．would

C．will

D．had 4.---Did they tell you the final decision of the committee? ---No, they didn‘t, but I think I ought to ______.

A./

B.be

C.have

D.have been 5.--- Won‘t you go to Kathy‘s wedding party? --- No, _____ invited.A.though

B.if

C.as

D.once 6.— Shall Mary come to the concert with us？

－Not ___she has finished her paper A.since

B.once

C．when

D．unle 7.The government managed to have two chemical factories built, though _____ by the citizens.A.being opposed to B.opposed to

C.was opposed to

D.having been opposed to 8.______, Mr.Smith managed to send his daughter to school.A．As he was a poor man

B．A poor man as he was C．Poor man as was he

D．Poor man as he was 9.I don‘t know if you noticed their absence or not, but we

.

A．did

B．have

C．had

D．were 10.----How unhappy your roommate looks! ----Yes，but he‘s not willing to tell me what it is____ is troubling him.

A.what

B.which

C.as

D.that 11.—________ matters to do the job well —what you are or where you come from? —Neither.It depends on whether you put your heart into it.A．Which is it that B．What it is that C．Which it is that D．What is it which 12.—I can‘t find Xiao Ping, where did you see him this morning? —It was in the library______ he studied． A．that

B．where

C．which

D．the one 13.It is exactly _____we behave _____has changed the world. A．which; that

B．how; that

C．how; what D．what; that 14.Was it in 1969 _____ the American astronaut succeeded_____ landing on the moon? A．when；on

B．that；on

C．when；in

D．that：in 15.---I can‘t find Mr.Brown.Where did you meet him this morning? ---It was in the hotel _______he stayed.

A that

B which

C where

D when 16.— Why did the dinner party start so late last night? — It was _____ that caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.

A.we were late

B.we being late

C.our being late

D.because we were late

17.—Why is it ________ so many people enjoy eating on the run? —Of course, the most obvious answer is that fast food is fast.A.that

B.which

C.what

D.how 18.It was not what he said but the way he said it ______ made a great difference to me at last..A.what

B.that

C.before

D.when 19.--- The patient looks much better.____ is it that has made him____he is today? --- Perhaps the special medicine and his family‘s patient care.A．What; that

B．That; that

C．What; what

D．What; which 20.I think it‘s the driver rather than the paengers who______ for the accident.A.is to blame

B.are to blame

C.are to be blamed D.should blame.21.----______was it ______ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace? ----Totally by chance.A.How, that B.What, that

C.When, when D.Where, that

22.It was in the factory _________ his friend worked _______ he picked up a lot of experience.A.where, where

B.that, where

C.that, that

D.where, that 23.It was ___the boy said he almost never did any exercise in the school ___the mother began to worry about his health.A．what; that

B．that; how

C．when; that

D．that; that 24.--- How did you know it? --- It was in the website www.daodoc.com _____you can buy the tickets for the opening ceremony for the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games on August 8_____I found the full details about tickets prices for them.A．where; that

B．which; that

C．that; which

D.where; which 25.It was ___computer games that cost the boy lot of time that he ought to have spent on his leons.A．to have played

B．playing

C．played

D．having played 26.——Where did you come acro our chemistry teacher ? ------ It was in the supermarket ______ I purchased mooncakes.A.that

B.which

C.where

D.when 27.——Where did you get to know her? -----It was on the farm______ we worked A.that

B.there

C.which

D.where

28.It is the film _______ director is Steven Spielberg _______ attracts quite a few viewers throughout the world.A．that; who

B．which; that

C．whose; that

D．whose; who 29.1 _____the more expensive the camera， the better its quality.A.General speaking

B.Speaking general C.Generally speaking

D.Speaking generally 30.Two middle-aged paengers fell into the sea.____，neither of them could swim.A.In fact

B.Luckily

C.Unfortunately D.Naturally 31.Your performance in the driving test didn‘t reach the required standard，_____， you failed.A.in the end

B.after all

C.in other words D.at the same time 参考答案和解析：

1.【解析】D由句意可以得知，her friendship与gain是被动关系，省略了it is。

2.【解析】D根据句意可以得知，―像是在中国一样‖As it is in China，省略掉了it is。

3.【解析】D由题意可以得知，回答中用到了虚拟语气，是与过去的事实相反，补全句子应该是he would have given me one if I had wanted one.4.【解析】D由句意可以得知，I think I ought to have been told.5.【解析】A由题干得知回答是―尽管我被邀请了‖，补全应该是though I was invited.6.【解析】D由句意得知，补全句子应该是Mary does not come to the concert with us unle she has finished her paper.7.【解析】B由句意可以得知文中，补全句子应该是though （it was） opposed by the citizens，省略掉了it is 8.【解析】D在as引导的让步再从句倒装对，名词前冠词应省略。提示：as引导的让步状语从句通常将表语或修饰谓语动词的副词提前至句首

9.【解析】A but we did 是but we noticed their absence or not的替代式省略。

10【解析】D该题考查特殊疑问词what引导的强调句作tell的宾语，当强调句中有特殊疑问词时应把疑问词放在句子前面。若将该句改为非强调句为: but he‘s not willing to tell me what it is troubling him.11.【解析】A本句考查强调句式，特殊疑问词应放在句首。句意―做好这项工作的关键在于你的职业还是你来自何处？两者均不是，这要看你是否用心去做。

12.【解析】B 本句是省略了that的强调句型。在被强调部分中library后有一定语从句，补充完整应为It was in the library （where he studied ）that I saw him this morning.13.【解析】D句意―恰恰是我们的行为改变了世界的面貌。‖去掉it is…that 句子仍然成立 14.【解析】 D该题考查强调句的疑问形式，即was it…that…,后面一空考查succeed in doing sth.句意―美国宇航员是在1969年成功登上月球的吗？‖

15.【解析】C此题考查强调句的省略用法。回答上文的where,但用的是强调句型。

16.【解析】C本题考查强调句的一般用法，强调部分在句中作主语，该句中主语由动名词的复合结构充当。17.【解析】A本题考查特殊疑问句的强调用法，特殊疑问词why放在句首，即疑问词+is/was that….

18.【解析】B该题考查对强调句的掌握，被强调部分用了not….but…结构，增加了试题的难度。句意―不是他说话的内容而是说话的方式对我起了重要作用‖‗

19.【解析】C本句考查强调句。首先考查了它的特殊疑问句式，同时有考查看what引导从句作宾语补足语这一语法现象。

20.【解析】A本题考查强调句式，被强调部分由rather than 连接两并列主语，谓语动词和前面的主语一致，另外blame应用主动表被动形式。

21.【解析】A本题考查强调句式中带有特殊疑问词的用法，上面已经多次提到，这里不再详细说明。

22.【解析】D本题考查强调句式，被强调部分作地点状语，且the factory后是一定语从句，我们应注意强调句式和其他句式的混合使用。

23.【解析】A本句强调状语，且这一时间状语是由when来引导的从句充当的。24.【解析】A本句考查强调句型，被强调部分在句中作地点状语，而且被强调部分由一定语从句构成，增加了试题难度。

25.【解析】B本句是一强调句式，被强调部分在句中作主语，由动名词充当。

26.【解析】C本题考查强调句的省略用法，被强调部分是一个定语从句，在mooncakes后省略了that I came acro our chemistry teacher.27.【解析】D 本题被强调部分是一个定语从句。 28.【解析】C本题考查强调句，强调主语（由一定语从句组成）；句意―正是由Steven Spielberg导演的这部电影吸引了全世界的许多观众。

29.【解析】C.generally speaking为分词短语，意思是―一般来说‖，在句中用作插入语。 30.【解析】C.unfortunately为副词，意思是―令人遗憾地，不巧，可惜‖，在句中用作插入语。 31.【解析】C.in other words为介词短语，意思是―换句话说‖，在句中用作插入语。

【学法导航】考生在强调句、省略句、插入语的复习备考中要注意：1.考前应认真研读高考题目，了解高考题目的立意方向和设问风格，今年仍可能出现复杂句式中考查强调句的现象；2.掌握强调句的基本式及其变式，高考的考查方向一向以实用为主，故可能会在长句中考查。建议大家从题型入手，仔细分析强调句的内部结构，以不变应万变；3.注意复习定语从句，宾语从句、主语从句、同位语从句中和强调句的混合运用情况；4.使用助动词do, does和did 对谓语动词进行强调；5.强调句型中的主谓一致，在强调句型中，当对陈述句中的主语进行强调时，无论被强调的主语是单数还是复数，主句中的谓语动词都要用单数形式It is/was…，同时，that从句中的谓语动词也要与被强调的主语在人称和数方面保持一致； 6.如果由特殊疑问词引导的强调结构在句中作宾语从句时，从句必须使用陈述语序，不可用疑问语序。

省略这一考点在备考方面应该注意：1.一些常见省略规则，比如前面整理的有关状语从句中的省略；2.有关to的省略；3.if引导的虚拟条件句中和限制性定语从句中的省略。有关to的省略和if引导的虚拟条件句的省略应该是我们备考的重点；具体说：1).在并列句中，为了避免与第一个分句的相同内容重复，可采用省略谓语，而保留主语和表语或补足语等成分；2).在定语从句中，当先行词在句中作宾语时，可省略关系代词that/whom；3).宾语从句中的省略；4).在表示时间、条件、地点、让步、方式或比较的状语从句中，如果包含动词be，从句中的主语与主句相同，或者从句的主语为it，就常常把从句中的主语和谓语的一部分(动词be)省略掉，只保留连词+现在分词/过去分词/形容词;5).动词不定式的省略,在上下文中，为了避免重复前面或后面出现的动词和动词短语，通常在一些包含有动词不定式的结构中，将动词不定式省略，只保留动词不定式符号to。在下面几种情况下只保留不定式符号to：6).在交际英语中的答语中，往往只保留问句中所提问的部分。

插入语这一考点，考生只要注意常用插入语和常用插入语的情况即可。

【专题综合】1.—I hate talking with that guy.Look, he is coming.What should I do?

—Don‘t speak until_______.

A.speaking

B.spoken to

C.spoken

D.speaking to 2.—Why do you want the book so much?

—_______, sir.

A.Studying

B.Studies

C.Studied

D.To study

3.I wonder why you won‘t do it as_______.Its the third time you have done so. A.told to

B.be told

C.told you

D.you told 4.The dying old man opened his mouth as if ______something.

A.to say

B.saying

C.to have said D.was saying 5.This is an illne that can result in total blindne if_______. A.to leave untreating

B.left untreated

C.leaving untreating

D.is left untreated 6.—I didn‘t do well in the last English test.How about you?

—_______.

A.I‘ll do better next time

B.I like English, though C.A lot better

D.Even worse 7.—You seem to have lost your way._______?

—I‘m looking for Wangfujing Street.

A.What for

B.Need help

C.Why so

D.Where to 8.—Which would you like, chicken or fish?

—_______

A.I don‘t think so.B.What if?

C.Both.

D.Neither can I. 9.You may take them all home_______.

A.if poible

B.if can

C.unle so

D.even if you can

10.Doctors have said that as many as 50% of patients don‘t take medicine_______. A.like directed

B.to be directed

C.as directed

D.so that directed 11.The man stopped from time to time ______whether he was being followed. A.as if found

B.as to find

C.as if to find D.when found 12.To tell the truth, I won‘t go to the party_______.

A.so as to invite

B.even if invited C.if inviting

D.if invite 13.Water, _______enough, can change into vapour quickly.

A.when heated

B.heating

C.though to be heated D.when is heated 14.The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit __________the season.A.whatever

B.wherever

C.whenever

D.however 15.Generally speaking ,____ according to the directions , the drug has no side effect .A．when taking

B．when taken

C．when to take

D．when to be taken 16.What surprised me was not what he said but ______he said it.

A.the way

B.in the way that

C.in the way

D.the way which 17.-- You haven\'t lost the ticket, have you? -- _________.I know it\'s not easy to get another one at the moment.A.I hope not

B.Yes, I have

C.I hope so

D.Yes, I‘m afraid so 18.--–Can I speak to Mr Wang, please?

--________.A.Who are you ? B.I‘m Wang

C.Speaking

D.Are you Zhang 19.__________, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after cla.A.A quiet student as he may be

B.Quiet student as he may be C.Be a quiet student as he may

D.Quiet as he may be a student 20.When_____help, one often says ―Thank you.‖ or ―It‘s kind of you‖.

A.offering

B.to offer

C.to be offered

D.offered 21.-- I was wondering if we could go skiing on the weekend.

-- _______good.A.Sound

B.Sounded

C.Sounding

D.Sounds 22.__________ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.A.Would you be

B.Should you be

C.Could you be

D.Might you be 23.I can‘t remember ______ I met the man.

A．where was it

B．it was where

C．where it was that D．where was it that

24.It is only 6.7% of Korean students _____have ever read Chinese books or watch Chinese TV programs.

A．which

B．whoever

C．that

D．what 25.---____was it ____they discovered the entrance to the underground palace? --- Totally by chance.A．What; that B．How; that

C．When; how

D．Where; that 26.I have always been honest and straightforward , and it doesn‘t matter _____I‘m talking to .A.who is it B.who it is

C.it is who

D.it is whom 27.Mr.Smith , in your eyes ,_____that affects the development of China‘s economy ? A.what it is B.what is it

C.how it is D.where is it 28.It was with great joy ______he received the news _______his lost daughter had been found． A．because, that B．which, which C．that, that D．since, that 29.It is in Steven Spielberg‘s first film , Jaws ,_____a big white shark attacks swimmers ____are spending their holidays in a small village by the sea..

A.where, who

B.which, that

C.that, that

D.where, that 30.It was the rescue team ____ helped the victims in the earthquake in Tibet.A．which

B．what

C．who

D．whom 30.15.I just wonder ________ that makes him so excited.A.why it does B.what he does C.how it is

D.what it is 31.It is so nice to hear from her._____，we last met more than thirty years ago.A.What‗s more

B.That is to say

C.In other words

D.Believe it or not 32._____ with you，I have no money to spare.A.To be frank

B.What‘s more

C.In addition

D.However 33._____，he should have done such a thing.A.Speaking general B.Strange to say

C.Luckily

D.Of course 参考答案和解析：

1.解析】B状语从句的省略形式，其完整句子是Don‘t speak until you are spoken to. 2.【解析】D省略主句保留关键词，根据句意可以知道完整句子是：I want the book very much in order to study.

3.【解析】A状语从句的省略形式，根据句意可知，其完整形式为as you are told to.

4.【解析】A状语从句的省略形式，根据句意可知，其完整形式为：as if he wanted to say ... 5.【解析】B状语从句的省略形式，其完整形式是： ...if it is left untreated. 6.【解析】D 状语从句的省略形式，其完整句为：I did even worse in the test.7.【解析】B语境省略。Need help? = Do you need help?

8.【解析】C由题意知C项可以恢复为：I‘d like them both / both of them。 9.【解析】A状语从句的省略，由题意知其完整形式为if it is poible.10.【解析】C根据题意可知，其对应完整句子应为：as they are directed。 11.【解析】C 该题对应的完整形式是：as if he wanted to find ...12.【解析】B该题是状语从句的省略形式，其完整句是 ...even if I am invited。 13.【解析】A该题是被动语态的状语从句的省略形式，补完整为：when it is heated 14.【解析】A whatever 引导让步状语从句，其后省略了it is。题意是―无论什么季节，律师除了穿套装外，很少穿其他衣服‖。 15.【解析】B当分词的逻辑主语也就是主句的主语，这时可以省去逻辑主语和be动 词.现在分词表示主动和进行，而过去分词表示被动和完成。在这个句子中， 其实是when the drug is taken,省去了the drug is，the drug 和take是被动关系．

16.【解析】A本题考查定语从句中的省略，the way 前省略了that或in which。

17.【解析】A本句的主语是个否定句，从回答可以看出票已经丢了，回答I hope not是我希望没有丢的意思。回答I hope so是我希望不是没有丢，就是我希望丢的意思 18.【解析】C汉语打电话中说―我是…‖，英语自报姓名不用―I am …‖。而用―This is … speaking‖ 这一句型或其它省略形式。Speaking=This is Mr Wang speaking=It‘s Mr Wang speaking

19.【解析】B在as引导的让步再从句倒装对，名词前冠词应省略。提示：as引导的让步状语从句通常将表语或修饰谓语动词的副词提前至句首。 20.【解析】D根据句意可以得知when之后省略了one is。

21.【解析】D Sounds good实际上是It Sounds good的省略22.【解析】B在if引导的虚拟条件句中含有had，were，should时，可以把had，were，should放在句首且省略if。

23.【解析】C本题考查带有特殊疑问词的强调句用法，在宾语从句中应使用陈述语序。24.【解析】C本题考查强调句，强调主语，强调主语且该主语含有百分数，所以我们应注意被强调部分特殊结构。

25.【解析】B本题考查强调句，强调部分应为方式状语。

26.【解析】B本题考查强调句式在宾语从句中的使用，注意使用陈述语序。

27.【解析】B本题考查强调句式在特殊疑问句中的使用，应注意疑问语序和特殊疑问词位于句首。

28.【解析】C本句既考查强调句型又考查同位语从句，注意分清两种句型中的that,前面一空考查强调句，后面一空考查同位语从句。.29.【解析】C前一空考查强调句式，后一空考查定语从句，应注意分清整个句子结构。 30.【解析】C本题考查强调句式，被强调部分在句中作主语。注意强调句中若强调人，用who, that 均可。

30.【解析】D本题考查强调句式在宾语从句中的使用，主语特殊疑问词的位置和语序

31.【解析】D.believe it or not为一分句，意思是―信不信由你‖，在句中作插入语。32.【解析】A.to be frank为不定式短语，意思是―坦率地说‖，在句中用作插入语。

33.【解析】B.strange to say为形容词短语，意思是―说也奇怪‖，在句中用作插入语。

第19篇：教育资源网

安徽教育资源网 安徽教育装备网 教育技术学科资源网 中国教育技术学网站 中国教育技术网 中小学信息及数教学网 中国计算机辅助教育学

会 全国高校教育技术协作

委员会 现代远程教育技术标准

化委员会 中国高校网 清华大学电教中心 北京师大网络教育实验

室 浙江师大现代教育技术

中心 中国教育和科研网 中国成人教育网 K12中国中小学教育教学

网 全国中小学教师网 浙江教师远程教育 网大 洪恩在线 国联网校 求索学习网 美国教育技术办公室 美国教育实验室 美国教育技术联合会 美国国际教育技术学会 美国教育技术协会 美国21世纪教师网 美国远程教育协会 美国网络教师 http:///http://61.144.23.75/ret/index.asp http://.cn/default.asp http://:8088/site http://.cn/http:///http://http://.cnhttp://.cn/http://www.daodoc.com/national/http://www.daodoc.com/http://www.daodoc.com/http://www.daodoc.com/http://www.daodoc.com/http://www.daodoc.com/http://www.daodoc.com/

第20篇：数学资源网

一、中文数学相关网

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      

      中国数学资源网学问社区中国科学院数学与系统科学研究院中国科学院应用数学研究所中国科学院数学机械化研究中心数学中国北京大学数学科学学院浙江大学数学系主页南开大学数学科学学院中山大学数学与计算科学学院博士数学论坛数学教研网美国数学协会丘成桐中学数学奖丘成桐中学数学奖（台湾）

二、外文数学相关网站

 数学论坛——分析数学，链接到一些最好的因特网分析数学资源，如网络站点、软件、因特网项目、出版物和可供讨论的公众论坛。

 David Marius Breoud的主页。David Marius编写了一系列的大学课本，在这些课本中，他使用物理和数学的历史来激发学生对多变量微积分学，数论以及实际分析的学习兴趣。

三、数学词表

 爱丁堡Heriot-Watt大学Chris Eilbeck编著的1991数学主题分类表。这是1991数学主题分类表（Mathematics Subject Claification）的超文本版本。此分类表主要用于帮助读者更好地去发现他们当前或潜在地感兴趣的题目。

 数学主题分类表MSC2000的草案----欧洲数学协会。这是1991年数学主题分类表（Mathematics Subject Claification，MSC）的被提议的修订版本。这个分类表被两个评论杂志Mathematical Reviews (MR)和Zentralblatt für Mathematik (Zbl)自1991年来使用。

四、国际数学相关网站

http://www.emis.de/MSC2000/

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美国肯特州立大学的数值分析领域的文章索引。

 电子本文档--Los Alamos 国家实验室。数学预印本的主要站点，结合了许多以前相互独立的数学专业文档，包括代数几何学、代数拓扑学、PDES分析、古典分析、函数分析等。 全文本可检索的综合的数学百科全书。包括数学名词，方程式和推论等，并附有说明，例子，参考书及其他。一个免费的有限元（finite element）分析站点，本站点提供了它的一些特色的概览。内容包括，

A free system for finite element analysis; this site provides an overview of some of its features.

 计算数学基金会。计算数学基金会旨在促进数学分析，拓扑学，几何学和代数学与计算过程之间的深层关系的理解。 用数学主题分类表索引的数学图集——Dave Rusin维护。 本站

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   点的索引页是根据数学主题分类表（Mathematics Subject Claification ，MSC)组织的。此MSC是由美国数学协会和Zentralblatt für Mathematik共同开发的。Kluwer学术出版社期刊的主页。 在此主页中，可检索Kluwer学术出版社出版的期刊。每种期刊包括过去，现在和即将发表的论文的列表，以及此种期刊的宗旨，范围，投稿和订阅信息等。可通过关键词检索整个目录，也可浏览每种期刊。数学图集：通往现代数学的门径----Dave Rusin。 一些介绍现代数学主题的短篇论文，描述了关于数学发展里程碑式的成果和主题，并指向一些可以发现进一步信息的重要资源。数学编程词汇表----Harvey J.Greenberg，Denver COLORADO 大学数学系 。一个可检索的数学编程专用词汇表，并包括了其它相关直接相关领域（特别是数学）的词汇。提供全面的按字母顺序排列的术语列表 Argonne National Laboratory数学与计算机科学部。 美国能源部所属的最大的能源研究中心之一。研究范围包括：数值方法和软件开发，系统软件和并行程序设计工具，应用数学和基于逻辑的系统等。Mathematics Journals (AMS)Wolfram, Inc.用数学方法解五次方程。 解

五次方程----用根式来求一般方次方程是不可能的，Tschirnhaus变换，Klein的解方次方程的方法，基于微分方程的解法，高阶方程等。

 微积分学主题----Alan Cooper，Langara大学数学与统计系。 为大学本科生提供的微积分资源：对基于网络的教学材料逐个主题的提供指南。主题包括：前微积分评论，极限和连续性，求导，近似等。

 SIAM杂志----工业

与应用数学协会。 工业与应用数学协会杂志，内容包括：应用数学，计算，控制和优化，离散数学，数学分析，矩阵分析与应用，数值分析等。

 图形和数据分析软件。 链接到一些软件资源，并有其描述，特征及从什么地方可以得到。

 软件

（数学文档）。软件资源链接的集合，并带有文摘和评论.

 虚拟数学中心----Martindale的研究生和本科生中心。来源于各种数学组织和科研机构的预印本和联机杂志，联机数学目录和百科全书，数学教程，指南和数据库，按主题排列的课程，以及相关数学信息和数据库。

 可视化数学研究所----Ralph

Abraham，主任。创建于1975年，管理来自California州和美国国家自然科学基金会的授权。可视化数学项目是在UCSC创建的，用于开发基于计算机图形的大学数学的教学材料，如微积分学，线性代数等。

 Wolfram研究公司。Wolfram是Mathematica的制作者，

这是一个软件系统，可用于数值与符号计算，数据可视化以及编程，同时也是一个交互式解决技术问题的计算工具和编程语言环境。本主页还包括Mathematica的电

 

  

   子文档。- 微积分学专家问与答。 志愿的专家免费地帮你详尽地解答微积分学的问题。--规范积分学入门。 讨论了可替换积分（alternative integration）理论的性质，以及它与黎曼积分和勒贝格积分的关系。- 微积分学@Internet。 与微积分学相关主题，课程，应用软件和技术的目录。-微积分问题主页。 俄勒冈州立大学的一个交互式的联机微积分学课程。- 一个学习和应用微积分学的辅导工具。COW给学生或感兴趣的使用者提供了一个学习和解决微积分问题的友好的环境。你可以即刻知道你的答案正确与否。- 微分形式。关于微分形式的评论，论文和指南。e—Calculus主页。 e—Calculus是PDF格式的微积分学指南。本主页的特点包括经过排版质量的数学文献，有关主题的详细讨论，用户交互以及弹出式图形等。- 积分仪。 利用数学来求积分的值。Lee Lady：微积分学主题。 关于下列各种主题的教案，包括积分的应用，无穷数列的收敛，曲率，一些变量函数的不连续性，Green定理，Kepler第二定理等。-数学服务微积分工具包。单复变函数的标图。在复平面上正则投影的全彩色图象。包括Mobius和schwarz-christoffel变换等。

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