新世纪英语高一课文

上海外语教育出版社——新世纪英语高一课文

高一第一学期

1.People from all walks of life When a person grows up, he will take up different occupations in various work places.A society is thus made up of all walks of life.What kind of person do you want to be in the future? The following introductions may give you some idea.TEACHER Teachers are profeionals.They work in schools, colleges, universities and other educational institutions.They try their best to help students gain new knowledge and become useful people in society.Teachers are involved in many tasks, such as explaining leons, giving homework and correcting papers.At the end of every term, they mark test papers and give grades to their students.Actually teachers do more.Often their impact on students stays all through their lives.SURGEON Surgeons, like teachers, are also profeionals.As a special group of doctors, surgeons operate on sick people and repair the organs that no longer work properly.Hospitals are their work places.After an operation, a surgeon takes care of the patient’s medical treatment until he gets well.The skills of a surgeon sometimes mean the differences between life and death.SECRETARY A secretary works in an office.The job of a secretary often involves writing letters, answering telephone calls, and receiving people.A secretary stores information on a computer and puts papers in good order in file cabinets.As a link between the bo and the visitors, a secretary also helps the bo work out plans and timetables.Traditionally, more girls than boys work as secretaries.

- 1In some countries parents often decide what careers their children will follow --- especially their sons.Tchaikovsky, the composer of Swan Lake, was asked to study law.He, however, didn’t take an interest in it.Tchaikovsky made a great decision on his own.He gave up his government service later and started to study music.Some people think the young are probably going to be succeful because they are doing the things they most want to do in life.Many people, however, disagree with them.3.Michelangelo Michelangelo was an Italian artist about 500 years ago.Today he is still remembered as a great sculptor, painter, and architect.Michelangelo came from a poor family.He was trained at an early age like any other craftsman in Italy.At thirteen, he started to work and learn in a workshop.The workshop belonged to one of the leading masters at that time.In the workshop Michelangelo was able to learn all the skills of sculpture.However, he wasn’t satisfied, and went on to study the work of the great masters of the past.Michelangelo worked hard and he mastered one problem after another.By the time he was 30, he was generally regarded as one of the outstanding sculptors of the age.In 1508, Michelangelo was given a task --- to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.At first, he tried to turn down this job, saying that he was not really a painter, but a sculptor.Finally, he agreed to do it.He then shut himself up in the chapel, let no one come near him, and got ready to work alone.It took him four years to complete the paintings on the ceiling.Any ordinary person would find it hard to imagine what Michelangelo had gone through in those four years of hard and

- 3edges.“I have a system,” explains Jim, “so that I can find things easily in the darkroom.It’s a simple system.I just keep my materials in order and put them back in the same place after I use them.I don’t have to search for anything.”

“Jim is quite capable and can be trusted,” says his bo, “I wouldn’t have him working here if he weren’t.And that brings me to the question of handicapped people.You can’t let yourself get upset about them.They want to be treated just like anybody else --- and they should be.They don’t want you to fell sorry for them.”

No one has to feel sorry for Jim Corrigan.5.Starting a conversation with a foreigner in English As you rode on the bus one day, a foreigner sat down beside you.Finally, here was a perfect opportunity for you to practice speaking English with a foreigner, you thought to yourself.But no words came into your head.You were tongue-tied! After 15 minutes, the foreigner got off the bus and you didn’t utter a word! “What a shame!” you said to yourself.If you have had such an experience, don’t feel bad.You’re not alone.What you need is a leon in small talk.Here are some tips that will show you how to get started.“HELLO” --- A STARTER First, exchange a “Hello” or “Hi” with the foreigner, but at the same time, pay close attention and see if he feels like chatting.Watch his facial expreion and body language for cues.Having said his “Hello” or “Hi” in return, does he just stare out of the window or keep reading the book in his hand? That’s the cue for you to stop moving on.Don’t force a conversation on someone who wants to be left alone.But what if the person stops whatever he is doing and looks back or smiles at you?

- 5If guests don’t answer the invitations on time, the host cannot poibly plan for the correct amount of food and drink.This may lead to hundreds or even thousands of dollars of waste.“Everybody has a busy schedule now,” Boone says.If you know you are forgetful when it comes to making phone calls, try emailing your RSVPs as soon as the invitation arrives.RSVP is the short form of the French phrase “répondez s’il vous plaît”, meaning “Reply, if you please”.The following are some commonly used terms in invitation letters and their meanings.Be sure to know these and answer invitations properly.RSVP, REGRETS ONLY Only guests who can’t attend need reply.You need to give a proper reason why you can’t attend.RSVP BY… Guests should respond with yes or no by the date indicated on the invitation.Setting a date gives guests a deadline.It is also a deadline for the host to connect guests who haven’t reply.RSVP BY E-MAIL Guests can respond by e-mail.Unlike phone calls, e-mails can be sent without regard to time of day or location.7.Holidays and festivals in the United Kingdom There are many national holidays in the United Kingdom.Among them, Easter, and Christmas are two of the most famous.EASTER The date of Easter varies each year.It usually falls in March or April.During the Easter holiday, people give each other chocolate Easter eggs.The eggs are opened and eaten on Easter Sunday.On Good Friday (the day before Easter, when Christians observe

- 7observe the coming of New Year on January 1.Cultures in Asia and Middle East use other calendars, such as the more ancient lunar calendar.They celebrate the New Year at other times.Events and ceremonies vary from country to country.But in each places, New Year celebrations are a big meal.Most world cultures have been celebrating the New Year for centuries.The earliest New Year celebrations took place during spring or harvest time.With better weather ahead, or plenty of food to eat in winter, people naturally felt like having a party! As the days became longer and as nature renewed itself, people also felt like they could have a new start.Past disappointments could be forgotten.The New Year could bring better fortune, more opportunities and new challenges.Such universal themes remain the same today.Some cultures have unusual New Year traditions.Italians throw old things out of their windows at midnight, symbolizing the departure of the old.Mexicans fire guns into the air to keep away misfortunes.New Year celebrations also involve having fun.Some cultures view the New Year as an opportunity to let off fireworks.In New York City’s Times Square, thousands gather on December 31 to count down the last seconds of the year.A giant silver ball is lowered at the stroke of midnight.London, England, hosts an annual New Year’s Day parade that draws nearly a million spectators.The largest parade in Europe, it features bands and enormous balloons.These balloons are so huge that they tower over nearby buildings!

- 9in the depths of winter.Dogs are indeed man’s best friends.Yet sometimes even the friendliest dog can bring death with its bite! This is not because it has changed in character, but because it has been infected with a terrible disease---rabies.The disease is paed on by a bite from an infected dog at any stage.When an infected person shows symptoms, death is certain to follow shortly after.So, in order to prevent the disease, a person should go to a doctor at once if he has been bitten by a dog.Dogs remain man’s best friends, but we should also try our best to guard against the horrible disease that can be carried by these friends.10.Well done, Spotty! We were walking alone when we saw the Wilkins’ children playing in their yard.The three girls were taking turns pushing a cart.Their one-year-old twin brothers and a big doll were in it.Just as we walked by them, a wheel came off.Freckles, my friend, fixed it for them.Then they all went upstairs to play some games.After a while Mrs Wilkins went out, and left the twins with the girls.Well, it wasn’t much fun for me, and soon I went to sleep.I must have slept pretty hard and pretty long.All of a sudden I woke up and could hardly breathe.Everybody was gone.The room was full of smoke! The house was on fire! I started down the stairs and stumbled over a gray bunch.“That belongs to Freckles,” I thought.“It’s the gray sweater that he likes so much.I might as well take it down to him.”

I took the sweater in my mouth and started down again.It weighed so much.So I dropped it on one of the stairs.Then I went back up to look out of a window.I wanted to see why there was so much noise.

- 11picture in the reader’s mind by showing one or two aspects of an event.There is a cartoon that shows a father and his son.The boy is showing his father his school report, which, unfortunately, gives a very poor grade---2 out of 5.So he does it in a quite unusual way: the report is fastened to one end of a pole while the boy is holding the other and.With the long pole between them, any punishment from the father is out of the question.For the moment, at least, the son is safe.Readers can’t help laughing at the cartoon.But they may also find some food for thought in addition to being amused.Reading cartoons and comic strips had long been a favourite pastime for adults until the beginning of the 20th century.Then some busine-minded people found that there might be a good market for children, too.With the improvement of printing and drawing techniques, modern cartoons and comic strips had become children’s favourites by the early 20th (around the 1920s).Since then they have become popular reading materials for people of all ages.Today the characters in cartoons and comic strips range from children to adults, pets to fancy animals, and ordinary people to superheroes.Micky Mouse and Garfield the Cat make children think and imagine actively.Superman and Batman bring villains of all sorts to justice.Father and Son exprees human love and sympathy in lively comic strips.Their names have become household words.They are only a few outstanding products in the field.Today the digital revolution has brought new life to the making of cartoons and comic strips.Therefore many people think that computer-made comics will in the end replace hand-drawn ones.However, just as the human mind will never give way completely to the computer, hand-drawn comics will never die, but will remain a special means of expreing human

- 13cover story perhaps describes the artist’s own life experience.With this experience, Rockwell could make every detail come alive in this painting.13.A brief look at two metropolises NEW YORK In the 19th century, a busineman predicated that New York was going to become the centre of the world.His prediction has partly come true.Today, New York is often regarded as one of the financial and cultural capitals of the Western World.The United Nations has its headquarters in the city as well.New York, where the world-famous twin towers of the World Trade Center were once located, is known as a city of skyscrapers.There are parks, great museums, art galleries, grand theatres and cinemas for visitors as well.However, like many other cities in the world, New York also has its own problems---noise, air pollution, crimes, traffic jams, and slums.Still, the fast, exciting pace of life in New York City is fascinating and this may be a reason why the city continues to fascinate more and more people.LONDON London was once known as a city of fog.At that time, many Londoners did not expect that their city would change for the better.However, heavy fog is now rarely seen in London.As a city with a long history, London has also gone through many changes.The days are gone when horse-drawn carriages were a common sight in the street.Now London is famous for its excellent underground service and the red double-deckers have become a symbol of the city.The second half of the 20th century saw great changes in the city.Skyscrapers have sprung up; busine centres for the 21st century are also growing fast.However, London has kept its heart.People can still enjoy themselves with a cup of tea

- 1515.The growth of the Internet The Internet began as a tool to connect universities and government research centres through a nationwide network.It would allow a large number of computers to exchange information and share resources.Its development was pushed forward by ARPA---the Advanced Research Projects Agency, which was established in the United States in 1958.In 1969 ARPA began to focus on communications technology.Then in the early 1970s, the ARPA net came into being.This network laid the foundation for the Internet.In 1972, electronic mail was introduced.At the same time in Europe, researchers were struggling with their own computer networking problems.In 1989, a scientist proposed the World Wide Web project.Over the next year or two, the proposal was discued and revised, which resulted in the programme called the World Wide Web.In 1992, its browser software was introduced to the public.The early browsers functioned well but were not “user-friendly”.In 1993, a group of graduated students in the USA created Mosaic---a “browser” programme.Mosaic was pleasing to the eye and easy to use---just point and click.Netscape and then Microsoft followed with browsers that greatly simplified the proce of surfing the Internet in search of information.Today, the Internet is changing our life style, cultural patterns, busine practices, and ways of learning and doing research.It helps people keep up to date on world events, find a cheap flight, play games, and discu everything from apples to space technology.An increasing number of people shop and bank on the Internet; many do busine online.It enables people to browse online hundreds of thousands of magazines and books in libraries

- 17read all the data in Prince Philip’s electronic mailbox before the police discovered the hacking.The poibility for hackers to commit crimes is great.In the 1980s some experts pointed out that American banks were losing up to $5,000 million a year to computer crimes.Once a hacker gained entry to a bank’s system, he could order it to move large sums of money to another bank in a foreign country---just what a traditional robber would do.Today computers are making life easier and far more comfortable.The evils, however, are also growing with the development of computer knowledge and techniques.It seems that the struggle against computer crimes will continue into the future.高一第二学期

17.Travelling around China Travelling around China can be tiring but fun as well.However, how you travel often determines whether your travel will be a succe or a failure.Here is some information about how it can be done.

Most parts of China can now be reached by rail.Generally speaking, the train service is efficient.However, the trains are sometimes overcrowded, especially on national holidays.The kind of ticket you need depends on the distance of your journey.A hard or soft seat is fine for a short journey.For long journeys, a sleeper ticket is a better choice.

number of sea routes exist that can take you from one seaport to another along the coast of China.There are also a few inland waterways.The most attractive one is that from Chongqing to Shanghai.Along this route ships pa through the famous Three Gorges and

- 19and Jia Jia, can now be sighted at their permanent habitat in Ocean Park.SHARK AQUARIUM Through the underwater viewing tunnel, you seem to enter the mysterious deep ocean, surrounded by countle sharks and rays of over 30 species, all swimming within arm’s reach.OCEAN THEATRE With a panoramic background and hosted by a marvelous master of ceremonies, the Ocean Theatre stages entertaining performances by its great and small marine stars.When time permits, visit a jewelry factory workshop to observe the art of handicraft.NOTE This is a half day guided tour.However, paengers may stay behind to explore more features in the Ocean Park.Return trips on our afternoon coach can be arranged with your tour guide.19.The Sydney Harbour Bridge There’s no feeling quite like seeing Sydney from the top of the Harbour Bridge.There I stood, looking up at Sydney’s Harbour Bridge---one of the most famous bridges in the world.Located near the magnificent Sydney Opera House, the 40-storey bridge towers over Australia’s largest city.The bridge was certainly beautiful to look at.But who in their right mind would want to climb it? Me, of course! Climbing the bridge is not such a crazy thing to do, in fact.Tourists started climbing the bridge in 1998.Now it’s one of Sydney’s most popular attractions.To prepare for the climb, our group of 12 climbers had to take a special cla.First, we stored all our personal belongings and changed into special bridge climbing clothes.Then, the climb organizers showed us how to use the safety belts and climb the steep ladders.

- 21Thailand’s tourist bureau says that it is “in the nature of the people.” The Thais are naturally happy, he says with a smile, and they are glad to share that happine with others.This attitude seems to be very much appreciated by the more than five million tourists who visit Thailand each year.The country ranks high on the list of places to which visitors want to return.The reason most often stated is that the people are friendly and polite.Some other Asian destinations are not as well received.Bali in Indonesia ranks high on the list, with Japan somewhere in the middle.These reports raise the question of whether certain nationalities are naturally more courteous than others.People may experience more friendline in Thailand than in other countries.This may have more to do with the place than the people.Travel writers point out that cities are always streful, hurried places, with little to offer in the way of smiles and welcome.Bangkok is not as friendly as other places in the surrounding Thai countryside.Remote towns and villages in China, for example, offer visitors a warm welcome, with smiles(and giggles) from children.Perhaps it should also be pointed out that polite, patient, smiling visitors will most often be greeted similarly, no matter which country they are in.21.Using English properly If you don’t want to offend someone, you’d better know which English words to use---and which to avoid.Imagine that you’re in a restaurant in America.You want some water, so you called out “Waitre!” A waitre comes to your table, but she’s clearly unhappy.What did you do wrong? You may have offended her by calling her a “waitre.” Today, many people prefer the word “server” to “waitre.”

- 23people do change with the times.22.Tips for English learning Language letter-boxes in quite a few English newspapers are often filled with letters complaining about such problems as “I don’t know to improve my pronunciation and intonation.The English vocabulary is too large to handle.” Or “I find my spoken English most worrying.Please tell me how to improve my communication skills!”

At the same time, in some newspapers, there are ads for “Shortcuts in Mastering English,” “A 24-hour Programme of Succe in Spoken English” or “Recipe for English Fluency,” and so on.A lot of teachers of English try to help fight learners’ worries by saying that the road to succeful communication is clearly signposted---practise, practice and practice.If there are few such opportunities in your day-to-day life, make them up: form clubs or learning groups, and practise talking to each other.Expose yourselves to an English radio broadcast, a tape recording, a film or a video: let it be a topic or a context for discuion.Even when you are alone, try to have some practice.You can never lay too much emphasis on the importance of “input” for language learning, so reading newspapers and listening to the radio are good habits to cultivate.One thing, however, is very important: the “input” must be appropriate for your level.Something too difficult is usele, while spending time on something too easy will be pointle.And remember this: there isn’t a cure-all for all of you.One shortcut may work for some of you, and another probably has a positive effect on others.Only one method works for everybody---and that is, to use English!

- 25the ship.Silent clues, however, may also communicate good news.Smiling, leaning forward, watching attentively---all tell you that the track is clear of obstacles; the signals are green---so go ahead.24.Understanding body language Have you ever met someone and found that you instantly liked them? You just couldn’t put your finger on it as to why.Deep down inside yourself they gave you a strange feeling.I’m not going to call myself a body language expert, but I think I can hive you my advice on how to read the most complicated language of all: body language.YOUR MOVES SELL YOU OUT.So for starters, think about yourself.Have you ever stopped for a moment to watch the way that you move your body? Well, believe it or not, the people you are talking to are watching your every move.They watch your eyes, your facial expreions, the way you hold your posture.In fact, the way you move can tell a lot about what kind of person you are … or what kind of person you appear to be.WHAT CAN BODY LANGUAGE TELL? In most Western countries, making eye contact with anyone you talk to is very important.If you don’t make eye contact, you might be judged as dishonest or even rude.Then there’s posture.If your actions are very confident, you will appear to be confident to others.And, the rate that you speak can also tell others something.If you talk too fast, you’re nervous, while too slow probably indicates that you are unsure of yourself, and that maybe you are shy.I’M CONFUSED WITH “SPACE” IN CHINA.As a traveler, I have been confused time and time again with every place I visit.This is mainly because I misunderstood the body language

- 27During rehearsals, to get what he wanted from his orchestra, he would sometimes stamp his feet, snap his baton and tear his store to pieces.He tried to make use of every means to interpret music.Once he found himself at a lo when trying to describe to an American orchestra a very light effect in a paage (his English was poor).After thinking hard for a while, he drew a white silk handkerchief from his pocket and threw it into the air, watching with the orchestra as it floated to the floor.“There!” he said.“Play like that!”

Toscanini drove himself as hard as he did his orchestra.If the orchestra met his demands, he would weep for joy.Otherwise, he would not spare them from punishment.If he himself made a rare mistake, he would slap his own face in front of the orchestra.He would not spare even himself from punishment.Toscanini would shout at anyone who dared talk during the performance or, even worse, arrived late.All through his life, Toscanini was anti-fascist.In1931, he was physically attacked for refusing to play the fascist anthem and for protesting against Hitler’s ban on Jewish musicians.He dropped his baton in 1954, and died in 1957 at the age of 90.26.An interview with a pop pianist Robin Gordon (RG), a journalist, interviews a very rich and famous pianist, James Newman (JN), who has a way of playing claical music in a wildly romantic manner.He is well known for his strange clothes as well.RG: Actually, you don’t let the chance slip through your fingers when you chose music as your career.JN: No, the entertainment world is full of opportunities.When any of them turns up and comes

- 29JN: Yes.I decided to play Bach and Chopin in a very unusual style.Meanwhile I started wearing fancy clothes.RG: I gue your father didn’t approve of all this.JN: Right.Dad’s a bit old.He wanted to make a claical musician of me! He didn’t understand me.RG: Even though you are so succeful? JN: No.Many people don’t.RG: Perhaps it takes time.Thank you, Mr.Newman.27.Stunts in movies On the screen, the US actor Tom Cruise is throwing himself through a gla window as a large car explodes behind him; the actre Helen Hunt is running from hurricanes as homes and cows are swept up.And, of course, there is Stallone doing…everything.It seems to be popular these days for actors and actrees to do their own stunts in action movies, and the fact is that the big names are indeed doing more stunts.According to a director, some actors do as much as ninety per cent of their own stunts, while the last ten per sent are generally left to stunt profeionals.These are the men and women who make a living risking their lives on behalf of the big names in action movies.However, there is an exception.The only actor who does any allow anyone else to do his stunts is Jackie Chan, the Hong Kong phenomenon.He takes pride in doing all the stunts in his action movies.Jackie Chan has been doing his individual brand of dramatic martial arts for fifteen years.He is no doubt a walking miracle of physical endurance.Of course, along

- 31released in 2004, showed the potential and limitations of digital actors.The movie’s digital characters looked and acted surprisingly lifelike.But somehow they still reminded audiences of cartoons, and their “acting” was le than inspiring.Final Fantasy’s digital magic also cost moviemakers a fortune.Just creating human-looking hair cost about $20 million.And despite people’s initial excited reaction, it performed poorly at the box office.The film, which cost $137 million to make, lost about $80 million.Moviemakers have been much more succeful at creating non-human characters.The Lord of the Rings trilogy features a digital creature named Gollum.Though not human, Gollum gives a very moving performance.Surprisingly, this collection of pixels manages to effectively show a wide range of human emotions.The Matrix: Reloaded features the most perfect digital humans so far.These lifelike digital creations appear widely throughout the movie.In fact, audiences can never be sure which actors are real and which are digital.So should Tom Cruise, Nicole Kidman and all their Hollywood friends start looking for another line of work? Not necearily.Many popular movie directors say digital actors will never “act” as well as humans.Digital actors must also rely on gifted human actors for their voices.29.Front page news Millions of newspapers are sold every day throughout the world.What section of the newspapers on a newtand catches your eye? Without doubt, it is the front page.Its contents are usually about the most important happenings of the day.Besides that, it is common practice that the front page carries an index to help the reader quickly locate certain sections of the paper.A front page carries a

- 33GREAT VICTORY ENDS YEARS OF WAITING Moscow: It was Beijing’s night yesterday in Moscow.As Juan Antonio Samaranch, president of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), announced that Beijing would be the host for the 2008 Summer Olympic Games, cheering, applauding and waving of flags broke out to celebrate the victory.“Now the results of the voting---the Games of the 29th Olympiad in 2008 is awarded to the city of…Beijing,” declared Samaranch, the most famous sports figure in the world.Beijing won in the second round ballot with 56 votes from the 105 voting IOC members, while Toronto got a distant 22, Paris 18 and Istanbul 9.Osaka, which received 6 votes, was eliminated in the first round.A contract to host the Games followed after the vote.BEIJING WAS SLEEPLESS LAST NIGHT Thousands upon thousands of people gathered in squares, shopping malls, streets and millions of homes to applaud the city’s succe in its bid to host the 2008 Olympic Games.Buildings and streets were brightly lit, and heartfelt cheers and laughter filled the air.Fireworks lit up the night sky, and flags formed a sea of flowing colour.As International Olympic Committee (IOC) President Juan Antonio Samaranch announced that Beijing had won the IOC vote at 10:15 last night, the ancient capital burst into cheers and tears.The China Millennium Monument in western Beijing, the centre of the celebration, was alive with cheerful crowds.Senior Chinese leaders joined university students and local citizens in celebrating the succe in the bid with the whole nation.

- 35your cheque or money order for $10.if not completely satisfied, you may keep the atlas and cancel your subscription.In that case, you can get your money back.”

“That sounds amusing,” said Anne.“In fact, it would be really handy to have an atlas, particularly when I need to locate places I plan to visit or read about in the news.”

They sent a letter of subscription and two weeks later a small package arrived in the mail.They got the atlas.“Is this our atlas?” said Joe in disbelief.“It looks like a big postage stamp.” “It looked tremendous on television,” said Anne.“It’ll be impoible to find anything in such an atlas,” said Joe.“To find anything, we’ll need a microscope.” 32.The history of magazines It was during the mid-nineteenth century that the magazine developed into the main source of popular entertainment for the general public.Instead of speaking mainly to the well-educated upper claes as in the past, the illustrated magazine addreed the general public.The first magazine that was born in 1665 in France was a dry and dull publication.Most publishers did not realize the significance of visuals as tools to educate, shape opinions and entertain.Nor did they know the importance of selling as many copies of their magazines as poible.It was not until the early decades of the 20th century that the magazine industry started to flourish.The main centres of the magazine industry were in America, France, Germany, and Great Britain.Many fancy and unique publications were produced there.Some publishers, such as William R.Hearst, built empires: he employed no fewer than 31,000 people by 1935.

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