七口诀搞定英语短文改错

2020-03-02 09:04:58 来源:范文大全收藏下载本文

七口诀搞定英语短文改错

英语短文改错绝对不是一道难题,它所考查的语法和词汇都是最基础的。那为什么很多同学在这道题上拿不了高分甚至满分呢?这是因为不了解出题意图和角度的缘故。所谓”知己知彼,百战不殆“,今天,分享短文改错到底考什么,通过以下口诀我们就一目了然了!

动词形,名词数;

注意形和副;

非谓动词细辨别;

习惯用法要记住;

句子成分多分析;

逻辑错误须关注。 一.动词形

主要包括两类错误:动词的时态和语态错误,以及主、谓不一致的错误。例如: Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library.(are)

上述错误属于主、谓不一致错误。

二.名词数

指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。例如: …so that I'll get good marks in all my subject.(subjects) 三.区分形和副

区分形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错的常考点。例如:

I'm sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.(wonderful)

Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family.(Unfortunately)

需要注意的是,形容词多用来做定、表、补语等,而副词只能在句子中作状语,修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。第一例中的wonderful作定语修饰time,第二句的Unfortunately作状语修饰整个句子。

四.非谓动词细辨别

这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有分词和动名词类错误,也包括不定式类错误。例如: Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also … (playing) My parents love me… and will do all they can ∧ make sure… (to)

上述两例分别是动名词作主语,和不定式作目的状语。一般的,现在分词有主动和进行的含义,而过去分词具有被动态和完成时的含义,不定式有将来的含义。 五.习惯用法要记住

主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识。这也是历年高考的常考点,其错误表现形式主要有三种:多词、少词和搭配错误。例如:

It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and… (of)

We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ∧ ourselves.(of) 六.句子成分多分析

不同的句子成分要用不同的词类;不同的语景要选择不同的词语。这些都有待我们对句子结构和句子成分作细致的分析,才能找出用词不当的错误。例如:

They ∧ eager to know everything about China and…(were) I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China.(which)

第一例漏掉了谓语动词were,这是受汉语习惯的影响而导致的错误;第二例则是词类与它在句子中的成分不相符,where是副词,不能作主语。 七.逻辑错误须关注

与句子的上、下文不一致,甚至相矛盾,属于逻辑性错误。如称谓上的张冠李戴,人名、地名、时间、方位等方面的错误,常是这类错误的考查对象。例如:

The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.(their)

First, let me tell you something more about myself.(去掉more)

… no way of setting the matter except by selling the set.Now someone at home reads instead.(everyone)

上述第一例中的主语是Smiths(史密斯夫妇俩),因此后面的his不合逻辑。第二例中的more在这儿表“再”的意思,才开始告诉别人,怎么能说“再告诉你一些事”?第三例讲的是为了解决看电视时的争端,“我们”把电视机卖了;晚上没电视看了,所以与从前一样,大家又都读书了,所以该用 everyone。

除了上述错误类型外,常考的错误形式还有:连词but, and, or和so的用法错误(可以归类为逻辑错误),以及冠词的用法错误等。例如:

She was smiling but nodding at me.(and)

It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.(or) We may be one family and live under a same roof.(the)

下面是全国高考英语真题中的短文改错题。这道题较全面地反映了本文的口诀。现在试着做一做,然后参阅题后的答案与解析。

Last week my parents and I took a two-day trip to Emei

Mountain in Sichuan.As everyone knows,it’s famous 76._____ Mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.The weather 77._____ was fine.It was about noon we arrived at the foot of 78._____

the mountain,the three of them were very excited.As we 79._____

climbed the mountain,we saw monkeys,visiting temples 80._____ and told stories.On the way up I was busy taking picture 81._____ since the scenery was so beautiful.The time paes quickly.82._____ Evening came down.We spent the night in a hotel at the top 83._____ of the mountain.The food was expensive and the service was 84._____ good.I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my 85._____ head touched the pillow.

【答案与解析】

76.famous前加上a.(名词数)

77.正确

78.we前面加when,引导一个时间状语从句。(句子成分多分析)

79.them→us (逻辑错误须关注)

80.visiting→visited(非谓动词细辨别)

81.picture→pictures(名词数) 82.paes→paed(动词形)

83.去掉down(习惯用法要记住)

84.and→but(逻辑错误须关注)

85.去掉at(句子成分多分析 /习惯用法要记住)

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