口译岗位职责

推荐第1篇：口译

河北联合大学

翻译硕士基础口译期末作业

专 业 ： 英语翻译 班 级 ： 2013级研10班 姓 名 ： 李楠 （女） 学 号 ：

2013218111

口译课心得体会

这一学期很快就要结束了，首先要感谢雪玉老师在口译课中对我的指导与帮助，谢谢雪玉老师，您辛苦了！通过这一学期的学习，我收获了很多。对口译这门课程或者说这一概念有了更深的了解，学习到了更多的理论，得到了更多的练习和锻炼，自己的各个方面都有所提高；也找到了自己在口译这一方面的缺点和不足，知道了自己在这一方面还有很多要学习和提高的方面。

首先，口译员的角色是桥梁，应该懂得双方的真实意义，找到自己的正确位置，翻译时一定要用第一人称。其次，还要明白口译与笔译的区别：工作环境不同，工作方法不同，反馈形式不同，质量标准也不同。最后，口译员首先应具备三个支柱：双语能力即听说能力，言外知识包括百科知识和专业主题知识，口译技能包括口译听辨、记忆、笔记等技能；其次，口译员还需具备口译工作的心理和身体素质，如出色的记忆力、快速的反应力等，并且要有跨文化交际的意识，以及良好的口译服务职业道德。这些都是以前我没有深刻体会过的，通过这一个学期的学习，我对口译这一领域有了全新的理解，知道了口译不仅仅是国际会议中的翻译才能称之为口译，只要有了这一翻译过程，就可以称之为口译，比如联络口译，陪同口译，社区口译，法庭口译，医疗口译等等。我以前曾经认为反正我肯定不会成为一名口译员，所以这些我不需要锻炼和练习。但是通过这一学期的学习，我懂得了口译的种类之后，我知道了自己也有可能会扮演口译员的角色，而对于口译员的能力要求我更是差得很远，但是这一个学期的练习和锻炼之后，我的听说译能力都有了很大的提高。

在这一学期中，在雪玉老师的指导下，我学习了很多的口译理论，涉及了各个方面的英语新闻，做了很多的口译笔记，学习了很多和口译方面有关的知识。首先，理论方面有释义派的理论，还有著名口译研究者Gile 提出的口译理解公式等等。这些理论使我能够更好的进行英语口译，提高自己的能力，找到自己的不足之处。这些理论让我明白听力理解对于口译很重要，对于记忆力要求很高，准备言外知识要充分。其次，口译笔记和听力理解方面有很多自己要学习、积累、加强的方面。笔记很重要，但也要正确的对待笔记存在的意义，要知道笔记是要辅助记忆力的，所以要学会记笔记。而提到笔记我不得不提的就是听力理解，要知道口译不是以前自己做听力题，口译不仅要听懂主要的意思，还要记得相关的细节，这些同样重要，因为口译员是桥梁。这两方面是我应该提高的方面，词汇量需要提高因为它是提高听力理解能力的基础，大量的练习是必须的，而涉及各个方面的新闻扩充自己的百科知识也是必不可少的一方面。

通过写这些心得体会，让我了解到自己这一学期的收获和不足，也为我下学期的学习指明了方向。听力理解和笔记方面虽然有所提高，但是还需不断加强练习，不断巩固；词汇量需要继续扩充，各类新闻应多多涉猎，扩大自己的视野；口语有所提高，但是一些音还需不断练习。综上所述，希望老师对我的分析和总结进行指导和批评，谢谢老师！

推荐第2篇：口译

• Spring Festival is usually celebrated from the 1st day to the 15th day of the first month in lunar calendar.

Or [… from the 1st day to the 15th day of the first lunar (moon) month. ]

Special days >>>

大年夜

Spring Festival Eve

大年初一

the 1st day of the lunar new year

the beginning of the lunar new year 年画

New year painting Set off firecrackers Chinese knot

中国结

During this Festival

▪ a happy family-get-together • • • • • • reunion dinner (s) Spring Festival Gala 春节联欢晚会 Stay up 守岁

Bid farewell to the old year and usher in the new year 辞旧岁迎新年 Gift money / red-packet money 压岁钱 Pay new year’s visit 拜年

• Dragon dance; lion dance • Travel ; a good rest; … ② 元宵节 the lantern festival • The fifteenth day of the first month in lunar calendar What is the traditional custom of the Chinese in this festival? • Enjoy the Yuan Xiao, a kind of glutinous rice ball, with various mince in it.Appreciate the lantern Play with the riddles on the lantern 端午节Dragon Boat Day The fifth day of the fifth month in lunar calendar.What is the traditional custom in this festival? Enjoy the glutinous rice dumplings.Dragon boat Sachet 香包 Wear a sachet Herbs 药草

Hang herbs by the door The legend of this festival 七夕Double 7th day Long, long ago, there was an honest and kind-hearted fellow named Niu Lang (Cowhand).His parents died when he was a child.Later he was driven out of his home by his sister-in-law.So he lived by himself herding cattle and farming.One day, a fairy from heaven Zhi Nu (Weaver Maid) fell in love with him and came down secretly to earth and married him.The cowhand farmed in the field and the Weaver Maid wove at home.They lived a happy life and gave birth to a boy and a girl.Unfortunately, the God of Heaven soon found out the fact and ordered the Queen Mother of the Western Heavens to bring the Weaver Maid back.

• With the help of celestial cattle, the Cowhand flew to heaven with his son and daughter.At the time when he was about to catch up with his wife, the Queen Mother took off one of her gold hairpins and made a stroke.One billowy river appeared in front of the Cowhand.The Cowhand and Weaver Maid were separated on the two banks forever and could only feel their tears.Their loyalty to love touched magpies, so tens of thousands of magpies came to build a bridge for the Cowhand and Weaver Maid to meet each other.The Queen Mother was eventually moved and allowed them to meet each year on the 7th of the 7th lunar month.Hence their meeting date has been called "Qi Xi" (Double Seventh).

中秋The mid-autumn day • The fifteenth day of the eighth month in lunar calendar What is the custom in this festival? • Enjoy the moon cake Appreciate the moon The legend of moon 重阳节Double ninth day • The 9th day of the 9th lunar month is the traditional Chongyang Festival, or Double Ninth Festival. •

• It usually falls in October in the Gregorian calendar.In an ancient and mysterious book Yi Jing, or The Book of Changes, number "6" was thought to be of Yin character, meaning feminine or negative, while number "9" was thought to be Yang, meaning masculine or positive.So the number nine in both month and day create the Double Ninth Festival, or Chongyang Festival.

The custom of ascending a height to avoid epidemics was paed down from long time ago.Therefore, the Double Ninth Festival is also called "Height Ascending Festival".The height people will reach is usually a mountain or a tower.Ancient literary figures have left many poems depicting the activity.Even today, people still swarm to famous or little known mountains on this day.Chong in Chinese means “double.” Also, as double ninth was pronounced the same as the word to signify “forever“(久), both are "Jiu Jiu," the Chinese ancestors considered it an auspicious day worth celebration.That's why ancient Chinese began to celebrate this festival long time ago.LESSON 1—RECEPTION & CEROMONIAL SPEECH

I.Vocabulary and Sentence Patterns 1.Vocabulary 尊敬的朋友们 Distinguished/Honorable/Respected friends 各位来宾,在座各位

all the (distinguished) guests, all the present here 欢聚一堂 enjoy this happy get-together 庆祝成立…一周年 celebrate the 1st Anniversary of the establishment of … 庆祝中华人民共和国成立四十五周年招待会

Reception Celebrating the 45th Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China 隆重庆祝 grand celebration 以……名义 in the name of 本着……精神 in the spirit of 由衷的谢意 heartfelt thanks 纪念

in honor of ; to honor; in commemoration of; to observe 庆祝

in celebration of ; to celebrate; to observe 热情友好的欢迎辞 gracious speech of welcome 提供全方位的服务 to offer an all-round service to...竭诚 do one's best，spare no efforts。 坦诚相待 ...in an honest partnership 接待... to play host to ...; to receive/ host …

学校的全体师生员工 all the faculty, students and staff of the university 向...表示热烈欢迎 to extend one's warm welcome to ...格林博士和夫人

Dr.and Mrs.Green 友好合作关系 the friendly relations and co-operations 值此...之际,...On the occasion of....就...问题进行发言 to addre the meeting on the topic of...在这举国同庆的夜晚 On the occasion of this evening of national celebration 外国来宾

overseas visitors/guests 尽情品尝中国的传统美酒和佳肴have a good time enjoying the finest traditional Chinese cuisine and wine 彼此沟通,增进友谊

to get to know each other and to promote our friendship 热情的迎接和款待 warm reception and hospitality 令人愉快,难以忘怀! ….be truly pleasant and enjoyable and most memorable 中美合资企业 a Sino-American joint venture 富有(中华民族文化)特色的......With … characteristics

安排了...的旅游路线 offer you...a tour program/an itinerary 景点和名胜 scenic spots and historical sites 观赏

appreciate 地方风味小吃

local delicacies 专程造访

come all the way

精心安排 a thoughtful/considerate arrangement

为…举行宴会/宴请 to host a dinner/banquet/luncheon in honor of … 欢迎宴会

welcome dinner 便宴

informal dinner，light meal 工作午餐

working luncheon 自助餐 buffet dinner 答谢宴会 return dinner 告别宴会

farewell dinner 招待会

reception 鸡尾酒会

cocktail party 茶话会 tea part 举行会议/研讨会/大会/座谈会/学术报告会

hold a meeting/ seminar/ conference / forum/ symposium 赞助人/主办人/承办人/协办人

patron/sponsor/organizer/co-organizer 举行谈判 enter into negotiation 交涉

make representations with sb.on sth./deal with sb.事物性会谈 talks at working level 对口会谈

counterpart talks 议程项目items on the agenda 开幕会议

opening seion 全体会议 plenary seion 开场白

introduction 情况介绍 presentation 小组讨论

panel discuion 2.Sentence Patterns 我非常感谢...Thank you very much for.../I’d like to thank … for….这次访问使我有机会…(The visit will) give me an (excellent) opportunity to...我们很高兴...It gives us great pleasure to.../We are so pleased/ honored to… 我要为...，再次表达我的愉快之情和荣幸之感。

I wish to say again that I am so delighted and privileged to...我为能有机会..向....致以深深的谢意.

I would like to expre my deep appreciation to ...for this opportunity to...我多年来一直盼望…

I have been looking forward to ...for (many) years 你若不在意的话，..If you don't mind, I’d like to…

我相信...

I believe that…; I am convinced/ confident that...祝大家... wish you all...基于...,...Considering the fact that.../ ...Based on the fact that… 现在我提议，为了…和…之间的合作，为了…的健康，干杯！

At this point, I propose a toast to the cooperation between…and…,to the health of…,cheers! 最后，我借主人的酒，提议为…干杯！

Lastly, taking up this gla of fine wine, I propose a toast to … 值此节日之际,我向…致以节日的祝贺.On the occasion of the festival, I would like to extend the greetings to ...Propose a toast…

为此，我向总理，向我们的中国客人提议，为美中两国关系的继续推进乾杯。

为我们两国和我们邻国的光明未来、为我们面临的建立安全、繁荣与和平的世界的重任乾杯。

And so I would like to propose a toast to the Premier, and to our Chinese colleagues: Toast to the continued advancement of relations between the United States and China. To a bright future for our nations and our neighbors, and to the work ahead of us to build a secure, prosperous and peaceful world.

现在我提议,为布什总统和夫人的健康,为中美两国友谊的万古长青,为中美的繁荣富强,干杯! Now I would like to propose a toast to the health of President and Mrs.Bush, to the everlasting friendship between the U.S.A and china and the prosperity of the two countries! Cheers!

表示感谢,敬意等

主席先生，我怀着非常愉快的心情出席本届年会。值此大会开幕之际，我为能有机会就和平与发展问题进行发言，谨向东道主致以深深的谢意。与此同时，我向所有与会代表致以崇高的敬意。

Mr.Chairman, I am very pleasant to attend this current annual meeting.On the occasion of the opening ceremony, I would like to extend my heartfelt thanks to our host for the given opportunity to addre the meeting on the topic of peace and development.And meanwhile,I would like to expre my deepest respect to all the present here.

我希望能借此机会,代表我的同事,感谢您热情的迎接和款待.在中国的这六天,真的是非常令人愉快,难以忘记.I wish to take this opportunity to thank you on behalf of all my colleagues for your warm reception and incomparable hospitality.The past six days in China have been truly pleasant and enjoyable, and most memorable.

今天贵国外交部国际研究中心邀请我到这里发表演讲,我感到很荣幸.首先,我代表中国政府和人民,并以我个人的名义,向贵国人民致以亲切的问候和良好的祝愿!向在座的以及一切为我们两国友谊做出贡献的各届人士,表示衷心的感谢! Today, I am very honored to be here and addre at the invitation of your international studies center of the ministry of foreign affairs of your country.First, on behalf of the chinese government and people, and in my own name, I would like to give our best greetings and wishes to your people! and to extend our heartfelt thanks to all the present here and those who have contributed to the friendship between our two peoples.

首先，我感谢莱文校长的邀请，使我有机会来到世界著名学府耶鲁大学，同青年朋友和老师们相聚在一起。

Let me begin by thanking you, Mr.Levin, for your kind invitation and the opportunity to come to Yale to meet young friends and teachers of this world-renowned university.I have been looking forward to …

• Background knowledge近年来，中国的乳制品行业问题频发，问题牛奶、过期牛奶、有毒奶粉层出不穷，不仅蚕食着人们的身体健康，更危及着人们对整个行业的信任。

病例：

2004： 大头娃娃

2008：三聚氰胺导致肾结石等 Practice

1 VOCABULARY 1 • Scandal

丑闻

… scandal 关于……的丑闻 • Dairy group

Dairy firm • Milk powder • Malnourishment

Listen and fill in the blanks ________ in China has been a big _______ for many years. ________ involving ___________ have _________ one after another since __________.• A ___________ scandal _________ the nation in 2004.Hundreds of ________________ nationwide after _________ milk powder.Many developed ____________,where their heads appeared _______________compared to their bodies._____infants, mostly from________, ________of malnutrition.

Vocabulary 2

• Come into the spotlight • Diagnose 诊断，判断 • Kidney stone 肾结石

• A milk safety scandal ___________again in _______.Hundreds of thousands of ________were ______________after being _______ with milk powder produced by the________, one of China's ________dairy firms.Background knowledge 北京时间2011年7月5日早9:36，地铁四号线动物园站A口上行电扶梯发生设备故障，正在搭乘电梯的部分乘客出现摔倒情况。京港地铁公司启动相关应急预案，受伤乘客均已送往医院救治。

Practice 2 Vocabulary: escalator 电动浮梯 Subway stop

地铁站

Metro

subway

underground Subway Line 4：地铁4号线

municipal government's information office 市政府新闻办公室

emergency response：紧急预案

An _______accident at a Beijing subway stop has left ____________________, _______of them seriously.The accident _________around _______local time __________the ___________ on Subway Line _____.

• The municipal government's information office said some people _______on the escalator after______________ • The company said it has already ________________

and

________________. An _______into the accident_______________.Background knowledge 2011年4月8日，上海迪士尼乐园项目正式开工建设，投资245亿元，预计于5年后建成；中国将成为除美国本土外唯一一个拥有两个迪士尼乐园的国家。

Practice 3 • Vocabulary:Vocabulary: • 1.amusement park 游乐场 • 2.Hectares 公顷 • 3.ferry 摆渡，运送

ferry visitors in and out 运送游客 • 4.a commercial and restaurant complex

商业和餐饮中心 5.holiday resort 度假胜地

6.theme park

主题公园

• ________of the world’s ______________ will______________________.

According to the plan, the Disneyland will______________, and include _______, ________________ and__________.

• ______________will be able

to_____________,

and

experts

suspect

___________________will eventually be _________ around the Disneyland.

• That would likely ________ its profit from _____________ , and the remaining _________ from _____________ and ________ • The park, which is ____________ in______, is set to _______ in__________.

The Disneyland should be _______ as _________.It can _______________ of other industries such as _______________.Background knowledge 当地时间2011年7月16日，美国白宫方面无视中国政府的强烈反对，孤注一掷，悍然会见了藏独分子*喇嘛，严重违反了国际关系准则。而早已宣布“退休”的*顶着宗教领袖的头衔，在政治场合与美国总统会面。

vocabulary • Chinese Foreign Ministry 中国外交部 • separatist activities 分裂活动

Tibetan separatist 藏独分子 • abet 煽动，教唆

to abet a crime 教唆犯罪

abettor 唆使者 • abide by

遵守

abide by its promises

Tibet iue 西藏问题

• cautiously

谨慎地，慎重地

When my ankle is better, I may try to play basketball again, but I'll certainly play more cautiously! • The ______________ has __________ ___________ not to _________ with ____________, who's currently ______________ • ________________ Hong Lei says ___________________ by the Dalai Lama, adding that he ___________________ to ______________ • ________________ Hong Lei says ___________________ by the Dalai Lama, adding that he ___________________ to ______________ China reiterates that it __________________________________such __________ by the Dalai Lama.• Hong Lei says that China hopes __________________ on the________, while ______ and ______ ____________ relevant situations.Background knowledge 据新华社电 7月15日上午，国家主席胡锦涛在北京中南海亲切会见了一批来自大洋彼岸的特别客人，他们是应邀来华访问的美国芝加哥市佩顿中学师生。

vocabulary 1.Walter Payton College Preparatory High School 芝加哥沃特佩顿大学预备高中

2.take sb.up on sth.

[oral] 接受(某人的邀请,挑战等) 3.State visit 国事访问

postpone the state visit due to civil war a 2-day state visit 4.picture albums 图画集,相片集 5.calligraphy brushes 毛笔

Calligraph

书法,字迹/

Calligrapher, calligraphist

书法家

• Cap off sth.=finish, complete sth.• Recite 背诵 • • • • A tang dynasty poem Song poem Yuan dynasty drama SINO-US relations

___________________ has _______ with ___________________________ at his ___________ in _____________.• In___________, President Hu visited ________________________________ in Chicago during his ____________ to the US. •

• He ___________ the school's _____________ and _____________________ to __________ this summer.•

• The students ___________ on the ______ on Friday, by ______________.President Hu _____________________ and __________ with _________ of the students. • The students ________ the Chinese president with _________ including __________to their school.Hu gave the students

Zhongnanhai

____________

,

_______________and ______________________in________.

The students _________________ by ____________________ for President Hu that included ______________________.

_________the

show,

President

Hu

said __________________________________  1.Sichuan food is famous for its numerous varieties of delicacies and strong flavors, and is best known for being spicy-hot. 2.Cantonese cuisine emphasizes light cooking with seemingly limitle range of ingredients. 3.The careful coordination of such a series of delicate activities as selecting ingredients, mixing flavors, timing the cooking, controlling the heat and finally, laying out the food on the plate for the table are the typical characteristics of Chinese food. 4.Nearly endle variety of natural ingredients and methods of preparation are employed in Chinese cuisine/cooking. 5.May I propose a toast to the health of His Excellency the Ambaador and Mrs.Smith?

 1 谢谢史密斯先生的热情洋溢的欢迎词，感谢欧中贸协的盛情邀请和热情款待。  2 我非常高兴有机会出席这次欧中贸协合午餐报告会。  3 中餐先上冷盘，而西餐则先上汤。

 4 请允许我邀请各位与我一起举杯，为我们双方的友谊和合作干杯。  5 请尝尝我的拿手菜。

1 谢谢史密斯先生的热情洋溢的欢迎词，感谢欧中贸协的盛情邀请和热情款待。

 1.I'd like to thank Chairman De Wit for his very warm welcome remarks and my thanks also go to the Europe-China Busine Aociation and the Belgium Chinese Economic and Commercial Council for the kind invitation and warm hospitality. 2. 我非常高兴有机会出席这次欧中贸协合午餐报告会I'm very delighted to have the opportunity to be at this reception jointly hosted by EU-China Busine Aociation and Belgium Chinese Economic and Commercial Council.

 3.中餐先上冷盘，而西餐则先上汤。 Chinese dinner offers cold dishes first, but western-style food offers soup first.4.请允许我邀请各位与我一起举杯，为我们双方的友谊和合作干杯May I ask you to join me in a toast to our friendship and cooperation?

 鲁菜通常较咸，汁色普遍较浅。鲁菜注重选料，精于刀工，善于炊技。作为我国北方菜系的代表，鲁菜烹饪技术广泛用于明清两代的宫廷菜。川菜选料范围大，调味及炊技变化多样。据统计，川菜的品种在五千种以上。川菜最大的特点是口味重，以麻辣著称。 Shandong cuisine is generally salty, with a prevalence of light-colored sauces.The dishes feature choice of materials, adept technique in slicing and perfect cooking skills.Shandong cuisine is representative of northern China's cooking and its technique has been widely absorbed by the imperial dishes of the Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644 - 1911) dynasties.Sichuan cuisine features a wide range of materials, various seasonings and different cooking techniques.Statistics show that the number of Sichuan dishes has surpaed 5,000.With a rich variety of strong flavors, Sichuan food is famous for its numerous varieties of delicacies, dominated by peppery and chili flavors and best known for being spicy-hot.//  最难归类的粤菜强调轻炒浅煮，选料似乎不受限制。粤菜源于明清，在发展过程中不仅吸收借鉴了中国北方烹调和西餐烹调的精华，同时也保持了自己的传统特色。扬州菜以江苏省境内的扬州、南京、苏州等地的地方菜式为基础之大成。扬州菜注重选料的原汁原味，在菜的装饰上讲究形态的艺术性和颜色的鲜艳性，扬州菜实际上糅合了南北菜系之精华。也有人以八个字来归纳这四大菜系的口味特点，即“南淡北咸，东甜西辣”。 Cantonese cuisine, the hardest to categorize, emphasizes light cooking with seemingly limitle range of ingredients.Cantonese cuisine took shape in the Ming and Qing dynasties.In the proce of its development, it has borrowed the culinary eence of northern China and of the Western-style food, while maintaining its traditional local flavor.Yangzhou cuisine bases itself largely on the three local cooking styles of Yangzhou, Nanjing and Suzhou, all within Jiangsu Province.While emphasizing the original flavors of well-chosen materials, it features carefully selected ingredients, also, the artistic shape and bright colors of the dishes and more ornamental value.Yangzhou cuisine is eentially a combination of the best elements of northern and southern cooking.According to some others, the characteristic flavors of China’s four major cuisines can be summed up in the following expreion: “The light southern (Canton) cuisine, and the salty northern (Shangdong) cuisine; the sweet eastern (Yangzhou) cuisine, and the spicy western (Sichuan) cuisine.”//

 President Gao, Distinguished guests, Our Chinese Friends, Ladies and Gentlemen,  It is a special honor for me to have a chance to speak on behalf of all the members of our delegation, I would like to expre our sincere thanks to president Gao for inviting us, and for all the hard work and thought you have given to the arrangements for our visit.We are also grateful for such a marvelous dinner tonight.

I hope that we shall all enjoy the busine exchanges and friendly contact in the following days.Every member of our delegations hopes that the rate of trade between the two countries will increase in the future through our mutual efforts.And I think that only by free flow of visitors can trade develop satisfactorily.

 I’m very impreed by the hospitality and warmth by which you have received us.You must have had a very busy time making all the preparations.We are especially thankful to you for arranging all the preparations.We are especially thankful to you for arranging the meeting and everything that you have done on our account.I hope that Mr.Gao and other Chinese friends will be able to visit our country in the future, so that we will have the chance to be host and return some of your kindne.

 Quite apart from busine contracts, these meetings will surely help enhance the understanding and friendship between us.Well begun is half done, as we say.I hope this will pave the way for further busine relations between our two countries.  In closing, I would like to invite you to join me in a toast.To the trade and friendship between us! To the health of our Chinese friends! Cheers !  女士们，先生们：

 我代表本公司向应邀前来访问的美国Star公司代表团表示热烈的欢迎。据我所知，有关人士正在为代表团安排了一个全面的参观计划。对此，我无需赘述。

 我刚刚听到我们两家公司已达成建立合资公司的协议。这使我们两家公司的合作大大向前迈进了一步。我相信，我们正在加拿大访问的董事长一定希望我能代表本公司向在座的各位表达一下，我们得知这个好消息时的兴奋心情。

 除了贸易以外，你们的来访肯定会加强我们彼此之间的友谊和合作。俗话说，“良好的开端是成功的一半”。 我深信，你们的这次访问将会带来更多的交流和合作。

 最后请各位举杯，为我们的合作和友谊，为在座的各位健康干杯！

推荐第3篇：口译

高级口译外事接待笔记礼仪专用外语祝词

开幕/闭幕式 opening/closing ceremony 开幕词 opening speech/addre 致开幕词 make an opening speech 友好访问 goodwill visit

阁下 Your/His/Her Honor/Excellency 贵宾 distinguished guest 尊敬的市长先生 Respected Mr.Mayor 远道而来/来自大洋彼岸的朋友 friends coming from a distant land/the other side of the Pacific 东道国 host country 宣布……开幕 declare……open 值此之际 on the occasion of 借此机会 take this opportunity to 以……名义 in the name of 本着……精神 in the spirit of 代表 on the behalf of

由衷的谢意 heartfelt thanks 友好款待 gracious hospitality 正式邀请 official invitation 回顾过去 look back on 展望未来 look ahead/look into the future 最后 in closing 圆满成功 a complete succe 提议祝酒 propose a toast 第二部分 词语扩展

一、政治词汇

亚太地区 Asian-Pacific region 建交 establishment of diplomatic relations between 互访 exchange of visit 外交政策 foreign policy 一贯奉行 in persistent pursuit of平等互利 equality and mutual benefit 双边关系 bilateral relations 持久和平lasting peace

二、政治词汇 贸易额 trade volume 商业界 busine community 跨国公司 transnational corporation 经济强国/经济大国/经济列强（视具体情况翻译）economic power 第三部分 例句 1.我愿借此机会，代表我们代表团的全体成员，对我们东道主的诚挚邀请，表示真诚的谢意。 On the behalf of all the members of my miion, I would like to take this opportunity to expre our sincere thanks to our host for their earnest invitation.2.现在，我愉快地宣布第二十二届万国邮政联盟大会开幕。

Now, I have the pleasure to declare the 22nd Universal Postal Congre open.3.我很荣幸地代表中国政府和人民向来自联合王国的代表团表示热烈的欢迎。

I have the honor to expre this warm welcome on behalf of the Chinese Government and people to the delegation from the United Kingdom.4.我谨向各位表示最热烈的欢迎。

I would like to extend my warmest welocme to all of you.5.我预祝大会圆满成功！

I wish the conference a complete succe!

高级口译笔记——外事接待（reception) 第一部分 基本词汇 日程安排 schedule

预订 reserve

根据……的要求 upon……request 专程造访 come all the way 精心安排 a thoughtful arrangement 排忧解难 help out 第二部分 词语扩展 机场大楼 terminal building 候机大厅 waiting hall

起飞时间 departure/take-off time

抵达时间 arrival time 海关 the Customs

往返票 round-trip ticket

入境/出境/旅游签证 entry/exit/tourist visa 免税商店 duty-free shop 豪华套房 luxury suite

单/双人房 single/double room 第三部分 例句

1.You must be our long-expected guest,……

2.Excuse me, I haven't had the honor of knowing you.3.I'm glad to have the honor of introducing…… 4.Small world, isn't it? 5.Thank you for coming all the way to our company.6.I hop you'll enjoy your stay here.7.host a receptipn banquet in your honor

高级口译笔记——称谓口译

一、以“总……”表示的首席长官，可选择general、chief、head这类词表示。总书记 general secretary 总工程师 chief engineer 总会计师 chief accountant 总经理 general manager 总代理 general agent 总教练 head coach

二、一些行业的职称头衔，直接用“高级”或“资深”来表示，可用"senior"来称呼。高级记者 senior reporter 高级讲师 senior lecturer

三、“首席”英语常用chief来表达。

首席执行官 chief cxecutive officer(CEO) 首席顾问 chief advisor 首席检察官 chief inspector

四、还有一些高级职务带“长”字，例如： 参谋长 chief of staff 护士长 head nurse 秘书长 secretary-general

五、以“副”字的表示副职的行政职务头衔，可用vice、deputy表达。副总统 vice president 副主席 vice chairman 副总理 vice minister 副秘书长 deputy secretary-general 副书记 deputy secretary 副市长 deputy mayor

六、学术头衔的“副”职称，常用aociate表示。副教授 aociate profeor

副研究员 aociate research fellow 副审判长 aociate judge 副主任医师 aociate doctor

七、学术头衔中的初级职称如“助理”，我们可以用aistant来称呼。助理教授 aistant profeor 助理研究员 aistant research fellow 助理工程师 aistant engineer

八、一般说来，“代理”可译作acting,例如： 代理市长 acting mayor 代理总理 acting premier 代理主任 acting director

九、常务”可以用“managing"表示。常务理事 managing director 常务副校长 managing vice president

十、执行”可译作executive 执行秘书 executive secretary 执行主席 executive chairman 十

一、还有很多称谓的英语表达方式难以归类，这就需要我们日积月累，逐步总结。例如： 办公室主任 office manager 车间主任 workshop manager 客座教授 visiting profeor 村长 village head 税务员 tax collector 股票交易员 stock dealer 十

二、最后是我们国家特有的一些荣誉称号的口译。劳动模范 model worker

优秀员工 ortstanding employee 标兵 pacemaker

三好学生 "triple-A" outstanding student; outstanding student 美国人最爱用的个性短语!超全,超native! Thousand times no! 绝对办不到！

Easy does it.慢慢来。

Don't push me.别逼我。 Have a good of it.玩的很高兴。

What is the fu？ 吵什么？ Still up？ 还没睡呀？

It doesn't make any differences.没关系。 Don't let me down.别让我失望。

God works.上帝的安排。

Don't take ill of me.别生我气。

Does it serve your purpose？ 对你有用吗？

Don't flatter me.过奖了。

Big mouth! 多嘴驴！ Sure thing! 当然！

I''m going to go.我这就去。 Never mind.不要紧。

Can-do.能人。 Close-up.特写镜头。

Drop it! 停止！

Bottle it! 闭嘴！

Don''t play poum! 别装蒜！

There is nobody by that name working here.这里没有这个人。

Break the rules.反规则。

How big of you! 你真棒！

Poor thing! 真可怜！

Nuts! 呸；胡说；混蛋

Make it up! 不记前嫌！

Watch you mouth.注意言辞。

Any urgent thing？ 有急事吗？

Don't over do it.别太过分了。

Can you dig it？ 你搞明白了吗？

You want a bet？ 你想打赌吗？

What if I go for you？ 我替你去怎么样？

Who wants？ 谁稀罕？

Follow my nose.凭直觉做某事。

Gild the lily.画蛇添足。

I'll be seeing you.再见。

I wonder if you can give me a lift？ 能让我搭一程吗？

I might hear a pin drop.非常寂静。

Why are you so sure？ 怎么这样肯定？

Is that so？ 是这样吗？

Don't get loaded.别喝醉了。

Don't get high hat.别摆架子。

Right over there.就在那里。

Doggy bag.打包袋。

That rings a bell.听起来耳熟。

Sleeping on both ears.睡的香。

Play hooky.旷工、旷课。

I am the one wearing pants in the house.我当家.

It's up in the air.尚未确定。

I am all ears.我洗耳恭听。

Get cold feet.害怕做某事。

Good for you! 好得很！

Help me out.帮帮我。

Let's bag it.先把它搁一边。

Lose head.丧失理智。

Talk truly.有话直说。

He is the pain on neck.他真让人讨厌。

You bet! 一定，当然！

That is a boy! 太好了，好极了！

It's up to you.由你决定。

The line is engaged.占线。

My hands are full right now.我现在很忙。

Don't make up a story.不要捏造事实。

Absence makes the heart grow fonder.小别胜新婚。

She make a me of things.她把事情搞得一塌糊涂。

Get an eyeful.看个够。

He has a quick eye.他的眼睛很锐利。

Shoot the breeze.闲谈。

Tell me when! 随时奉陪！

Let's play it by ear.让我们随兴所至。

Why so blue？ 怎么垂头丧气？

What brought you here？ 什么风把你吹来了？

Chin up.不气 ，振作些。

You never know.世事难料。

High jack! 举起手来(抢劫)！

She'll be along in a few minutes.他马上会过来。

He is a fast talker.他是个吹牛大王。

I'll get even with him one day.我总有一天跟他扯平

She's got quite a wad.她身怀巨款。

I don't have anywhere to be.没地方可去。

I'm dying to see you.我很想见你。

Nothing tricky.别耍花招。

Price is soaring, if it goes on like this, we shall not be able to keep the pot boiling. 物价直线上升，这样子下去，我们锅里可没什么东西煮饭。

None of you keyhole.不准偷看。

Come on, be reasonable.嗨，你怎么不讲道理。

You don't say so.未必吧，不至于这样吧。

Don't get me wrong.别误会我。

You don't seem to be quite yourself today.你今天看起来不大对劲。

Do you have any money on you？ 你身上带钱了吗？

Dinner is on me.晚饭我请。

Not precisely! 不见得，不一定！

We have no way out.我们没办法。

I hate to be late and keep my date waiting.我不喜欢迟到而让别人久等。

It doesn't take much of you time.这不花你好多时间。

Not in the long run.从长远来说不是这样的。

It is of high quality.它质量上乘。

He pushes his luck.他太贪心了。

I can't make both ends meet.我上个月接不到下个月，缺钱。

It can be a killer.这是个伤脑筋的问题。

You ask for it! 活该！

英语口语中好用的四词短句

Are you by yourself? 你一个人来吗? Are you kidding me? 跟我开玩笑啊?

Back in a moment! 马上回来! Boys will be boys! 本性难移!

Come to the point! 有话直说! Do I have to? 我一定要做吗?

Don't count on me! 别指望我! Don't fall for it! 别上当!

Don't get me wrong! 你搞错了! Don't give me that! 少来这套!

Don't let me down! 别让我失望! Don't over do it! 别做过头了!

Drop me a line!要写信给我! Easy come easy go! 来得容易去也快! Get a move on! 快点吧! Give me a break! 饶了我吧!

Glad you like it! 很高兴你喜欢! Great minds think alike! 英雄所见略同!

He always talks big! 他老是吹牛! He's a double croer! 他是个骗子!

I cro my heart! 我发誓是真的! I just made it! 我做到了!

I watch my money! 视财如命! I'll be right back! 我马上回来!

I'll check it out! 我去查查看! I’ll see to it! 我会留意的! I'm down and out! 我穷困潦倒! I’m in a hurry! 我赶时间!

I’m not that bad! 我没那么差吧? I’m short on cash! 我缺钱!

I’ve got the blues! 我很郁闷!

If I were you...=if I were in your shoes如果我是你... It kills my eyes! 太好看了! It’s Greek to me! 我完全不懂!

It’s no big deal! 没什么大不了的! It’s worth a try! 值得一试!

Just wait and see! 等着瞧! Know what I mean? 明白我的意思吧?

Let’s change the subject! 换个话题吧! My mouth is watering! 我要流口水了! No pain no gain! 吃一堑长一智! None of your busine! 没你事! 全方位测测自己的英语水平>>

She’s under the weather! 她今天很忧郁! So far, so good! 还过得去!

Speaking of the devil! 说曹操,曹操到! Stay away from me! 离我远点!

That makes no difference! 不都一样吗? The walls have ears! 隔墙有耳!

We better get going! 最好马上就走! We’re all for it! 我们都赞成!

What’s on your mind? 你在想什么? You are the bo! 你是老大!

You asked for it! 你自讨苦吃! You have my word! 我保证!

You want a bet? 你敢打赌吗? You’re pulling my leg! 你开玩笑吧? You’re really killing me! 真是笑死我了!

推荐第4篇：口译

口译高频词汇

亚太经合组织APEC 石油输出国组织OPEC 东盟ASENA 上海合作组织SHCO 北西洋公约组织NATO 方兴未艾hasn\'t run its full course 礼仪规范etiquette patterns 政府换界government reshuffle 政企分开separate governmental functions from busine operation 技术改造technological upgrading 康复中心rehab center 西气东输transport the gas resources from the west to the eastern coastal cities 南水北调channel the water resources from the south to the thirsty north 借此机会on this occasion 盛情邀请gracious hospitality 深层次的原因the underlying reasons 拜访老朋友结交新朋友renew old friendships and establish new contacts 逐步淘汰phase out, 逐步引进phase in 招商引资 attract investments (from overseas) 政府搭台，部门推动，企业唱戏 Governments set up the stage, various departments cooperate and enterprise put in the show.知识产权 intellectual property rights 致命要害 Achilles\' heel 智囊团、思想库 the brain trust; think tank 中华世纪坛 China Millennium Monument 众口难调 It is difficult to cater to all tastes 综合国力 comprehensive national strength 抓住机遇 seize the opportunity 一言既出，驷马难追 A real man never goes back on his words.以经济建设为中心 focusing on the central task of economic construction 有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律 with lofty ideals, integrity, knowledge and a strong sense of discipline 与国际市场接轨 integrate with the world market; become integrated into the global market 欲速则不达 Haste does not bring succe.撞了一下腰knock into my waist搂住某人的腰hold sb by the waist 邂逅encounter 优化出口商品结构rationalize the export mix 产业结构industrial structure/能源结构energy mix 制定相关法律lay down/formulate a set of laws.颁布enact 立足中国，放眼世界take our root in China, and cast our sight to the world 在过去的几十年in the past several decades 国情national circumstances 全面推向现代化的进程中in an all-out drive for its modernization 基本国策a fundamental state policy 本着互惠互利精神in the spirit of mutual benefit 世人many people of world over 本末倒置put the cart before the horse 高度关注watch with interest 硕果累累yield more fruits in days to come 造福于民in the service of your people 既可耻又势利a shameful piece of snobbery 酗酒成性drunk brute 巴结cozy up to 个人主观能动性individual initiative 骄傲荣幸be proud and honored 字面意思literally means 翻了两番quadrupled 双方优势最大化maximizes he strengths of both parties 幅员辽阔maive land 自然资源丰富abundant natural resources 投资意向investment proposal 起步embark on 外汇储备foreign exchange reserve 权益关系the relation of rights and interest 合作期限the term of partnership 正合我意coincide with my ideas 大有收获a rewarding day 远道而来come all the way from 据说it is said that 正确的看法correct observation 特价special offer 月票monthly pa 穿梭于两地间的航班shuttle and commuter flights 获得诺贝尔奖的Nobel prize winning 自暴自弃的self-defeating 空谈futile talk 强制性化验mandatory testing 公务为先的心态the get-down-to-busine first mentality 商务活动busine practices 归属感a sense of belonging in a community 利与弊merit and demerit 气象万千diversity 民间组织non-governmental sector 文明的摇篮cradle of civilization 共同愿望a common aspiration 祝酒propose a toast 贸易集团trade bloc 政经一体化political and economic integration 远未能满足需求a far cry from meeting demands 相对来讲comparatively speaking 美妙音乐splendid music 融洽的气氛congenial atmosphere 热情雄辩的讲话gracious and eloquent remarks 不受外力干扰free of outside interference 嘉宾distinguished guests 明月当空moon-lit evening 全体同仁delicates 从百忙中拔冗光临take your time off your busy schedule 新春联欢晚会new year celebrating party 尽情品尝taste to your heat content 美酒佳肴cuisine and vintage wine 万事如意very best of lick of everything 借鉴merits one’s reference

分工协作division of responsibilities 拿固定工资的人pocket-protected people 付出惨重的代价take a heavy toll 性价比versioning 重视地位status-conscious 毗邻akin to / adjacent to /admit of / in the neighbourhood of 没有确定答案的问题 opening questions 得寸进尺give aninch take a mile 转租sublet; 租房房东letter 紧缩资金fiancial retrechment 让人心动eye-poping 张灯结彩festoon with lights 足疗师chiropodist 人才流失brain drain 隔墙有耳pitcher have ears 每天都活得精彩make every day counts 一笑而过grin and bear it 将人才收入麾下attract the right talent into their folds 绝妙图景marvelous picture 凄美beautiful and sad 尖端武器sophisticated weapon 色彩斑澜的城市生活sophisticated city life 不坐班no office hour 桃面朱唇rosy cheeks and red lips 眼前利益immediate yield 立杆见影instant effect 研究结果显示research findings show 竭诚seeks to 坦诚相待be honest and candid to each other 说梦话talk in sleep 钟点工accommodator 差旅费fares tickets 恍然大悟enlightening 攀登rise up to the heights 讲到心坎里echo te sentiments among the staff 历史源远流长a time honoured history 永不言败的精神作风never-say-die approach 回顾过去展望未来look forward look backward 求同存异seek common ground and put aside our differences 达成共识reach an agreement 推陈出新accumulation and innovation 金融英语词汇“译”网打尽（转）

account number 帐目编号 depositor 存户 pay-in slip 存款单 a deposit form 存款单

a banding machine 自动存取机 to deposit 存款

deposit receipt 存款收据 private deposits 私人存款 certificate of deposit 存单 deposit book, pabook 存折 credit card 信用卡 principal 本金

overdraft, overdraw 透支 to counter sign 双签 to endorse 背书 endorser 背书人 to cash 兑现

to honor a cheque 兑付 to dishonor a cheque 拒付 to suspend payment 止付 cheque,check 支票 cheque book 支票本 order cheque 记名支票 bearer cheque 不记名支票 croed cheque 横线支票 blank cheque 空白支票 rubber cheque 空头支票

cheque stub, counterfoil 票根 cash cheque 现金支票

traveler\'s cheque 旅行支票 cheque for transfer 转帐支票 outstanding cheque 未付支票 canceled cheque 已付支票 forged cheque 伪支票 Bandar\'s note 庄票，银票 banker 银行家 president 行长

savings bank 储蓄银行 Chase Bank 大通银行

National City Bank of New York 花旗银行

Hongkong Shanghai Banking Corporation 汇丰银行

Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China 麦加利银行 Banque de I\'IndoChine 东方汇理银行

central bank, national bank, banker\'s bank 中央银行 bank of iue, bank of circulation 发行币银行 commercial bank 商业银行，储蓄信贷银行 member bank, credit bank 储蓄信贷银行 discount bank 贴现银行 exchange bank 汇兑银行

requesting bank 委托开证银行

iuing bank, opening bank 开证银行 advising bank, notifying bank 通知银行 negotiation bank 议付银行 confirming bank 保兑银行 paying bank 付款银行

aociate banker of collection 代收银行 consigned banker of collection 委托银行 clearing bank 清算银行 local bank 本地银行 domestic bank 国内银行 overseas bank 国外银行 unincorporated bank 钱庄 branch bank 银行分行

trustee savings bank 信托储蓄银行 trust company 信托公司

financial trust 金融信托公司 unit trust 信托投资公司

trust institution 银行的信托部 credit department 银行的信用部

commercial credit company(discount company) 商业信贷公司（贴现公司） neighborhood savings bank, bank of deposit 街道储蓄所 credit union 合作银行 credit bureau 商业兴信所 self-service bank 无人银行 land bank 土地银行

construction bank 建设银行

industrial and commercial bank 工商银行 bank of communications 交通银行 mutual savings bank 互助储蓄银行

post office savings bank 邮局储蓄银行 mortgage bank, building society 抵押银行 industrial bank 实业银行 home loan bank 家宅贷款银行 reserve bank 准备银行 chartered bank 特许银行 corresponding bank 往来银行

merchant bank, accepting bank 承兑银行 investment bank 投资银行

import and export bank (EXIMBANK) 进出口银行 joint venture bank 合资银行 money shop, native bank 钱庄 credit cooperatives 信用社 clearing house 票据交换所 public accounting 公共会计 busine accounting 商业会计 cost accounting 成本会计

depreciation accounting 折旧会计 computerized accounting 电脑化会计 general ledger 总帐

subsidiary ledger 分户帐 cash book 现金出纳帐 cash account 现金帐

journal, day-book 日记帐，流水帐 bad debts 坏帐 investment 投资 surplus 结余

idle capital 游资

economic cycle 经济周期 economic boom 经济繁荣

economic receion 经济衰退 economic depreion 经济萧条 economic crisis 经济危机 economic recovery 经济复苏 inflation 通货膨胀 deflation 通货收缩 devaluation 货币贬值 revaluation 货币增值

international balance of payment 国际收支 favourable balance 顺差 adverse balance 逆差 hard currency 硬通货 soft currency 软通货

international monetary system 国际货币制度 the purchasing power of money 货币购买力 money in circulation 货币流通量 note iue 纸币发行量 national budget 国家预算

national gro product 国民生产总值 public bond 公债 stock, share 股票 debenture 债券

treasury bill 国库券 debt chain 债务链

direct exchange 直接（对角）套汇 indirect exchange 间接（三角）套汇 cro rate, arbitrage rate 套汇汇率

foreign currency (exchange) reserve 外汇储备 banker 银行家 president 行长

savings bank 储蓄银行 Chase Bank 大通银行

National City Bank of New York 花旗银行

Hongkong Shanghai Banking Corporation 汇丰银行

Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China 麦加利银行 Banque de I\'IndoChine 东方汇理银行

central bank, national bank, banker\'s bank 中央银行 bank of iue, bank of circulation 发行币银行 commercial bank 商业银行，储蓄信贷银行 member bank, credit bank 储蓄信贷银行 discount bank 贴现银行 exchange bank 汇兑银行

requesting bank 委托开证银行

iuing bank, opening bank 开证银行 advising bank, notifying bank 通知银行 negotiation bank 议付银行 confirming bank 保兑银行 paying bank 付款银行

aociate banker of collection 代收银行 consigned banker of collection 委托银行 clearing bank 清算银行 local bank 本地银行 domestic bank 国内银行 overseas bank 国外银行 unincorporated bank 钱庄 branch bank 银行分行

trustee savings bank 信托储蓄银行 trust company 信托公司

financial trust 金融信托公司 unit trust 信托投资公司

trust institution 银行的信托部 credit department 银行的信用部

commercial credit company(discount company) 商业信贷公司（贴现公司） neighborhood savings bank, bank of deposit 街道储蓄所 credit union 合作银行 credit bureau 商业兴信所 self-service bank 无人银行 land bank 土地银行

construction bank 建设银行

industrial and commercial bank 工商银行 bank of communications 交通银行 mutual savings bank 互助储蓄银行

post office savings bank 邮局储蓄银行 mortgage bank, building society 抵押银行 industrial bank 实业银行 home loan bank 家宅贷款银行 reserve bank 准备银行 chartered bank 特许银行 corresponding bank 往来银行

merchant bank, accepting bank 承兑银行 investment bank 投资银行

import and export bank (EXIMBANK) 进出口银行 joint venture bank 合资银行 money shop, native bank 钱庄 credit cooperatives 信用社 clearing house 票据交换所 public accounting 公共会计 busine accounting 商业会计 cost accounting 成本会计

depreciation accounting 折旧会计 computerized accounting 电脑化会计 general ledger 总帐

subsidiary ledger 分户帐 cash book 现金出纳帐 cash account 现金帐

journal, day-book 日记帐，流水帐 bad debts 坏帐 investment 投资 surplus 结余

idle capital 游资

economic cycle 经济周期 economic boom 经济繁荣

economic receion 经济衰退 economic depreion 经济萧条 economic crisis 经济危机 economic recovery 经济复苏 inflation 通货膨胀 deflation 通货收缩 devaluation 货币贬值 revaluation 货币增值

international balance of payment 国际收支 favourable balance 顺差 adverse balance 逆差 hard currency 硬通货 soft currency 软通货

international monetary system 国际货币制度 the purchasing power of money 货币购买力 money in circulation 货币流通量 note iue 纸币发行量 national budget 国家预算

national gro product 国民生产总值 public bond 公债 stock, share 股票 debenture 债券

treasury bill 国库券 debt chain 债务链

direct exchange 直接（对角）套汇 indirect exchange 间接（三角）套汇 cro rate, arbitrage rate 套汇汇率

foreign currency (exchange) reserve 外汇储备 foreign exchange fluctuation 外汇波动 foreign exchange crisis 外汇危机 discount 贴现

discount rate, bank rate 贴现率 gold reserve 黄金储备

money (financial) market 金融市场 stock exchange 股票交易所 broker 经纪人 commiion 佣金 bookkeeping 簿记 bookkeeper 簿记员

an application form 申请单 bank statement 对帐单 letter of credit 信用证 strong room, vault 保险库

equitable tax system 等价税则 specimen signature 签字式样

banking hours, busine hours 营业时间

推荐第5篇：口译

北京语言大学网络教育学院

《口译》期末试卷 模拟试卷

一、Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1.A friend convinces you that there really is an unlocked door just waiting for you to open it.朋友会让你确信，真的有一扇不加锁的门，在等待着你去开启。

2.Former South African President Nelson Mandela\'s 13-year-old great-granddaughter was killed in a car crash Friday ahead of the World Cup opening match, which Mandela planned to attend.南非前总统尼尔森·曼德拉13岁的曾孙女11日在世界杯开幕前夕不幸遭遇车祸身亡。曼德拉原计划参加开幕式。

3.China\'s social environment is changing, as people dare to expre their private life and love values in public.中国的社会环境在不断变化，人们现在敢于在公众场合谈论私生活和爱情价值观。

4.National Eye-Care Day aims to promote awarene of the importance of preventive eye care.全国爱眼日的目的在于宣传预防措施对于保护眼睛的重要性。

5.The Queen Elizabeth II‟s birthday is celebrated twice a year, privately on April 21, her actual birthday, and again with an official national celebration in June, when the weather is better.

伊丽莎白二世女王每年庆生两次，4月21日会举行私人宴会庆祝真正的生日，然后待6月天气好转时，再正式举行全国庆典。

二、Translate the following sentences into English.1.人们普遍认为吸烟与肺癌发病成正比关系。

It has been commonly thought that there is a positive correlation between cigarette smoking and the incidence of lung cancer.2.许多科学家没有被目前的证据说服。

Many scientists remain unconvinced by the current evidence.3.旅游业是这个国家的主要收入来源。 Tourism is the country‟s main source of income.4.这一切都发生在一瞬间，我还没来得及反思。

All has happened in a flash, so fast that I don‟t have time to reflect.

5.加拿大最新研究发现，幼儿2岁时看电视时间如果过长，10岁时将会受到负面影响。

A new Canadian study finds that watching too much TV at age 2 might cause problems at age 10.

三、Translate the following short paages into Chinese.1.Chinese people lack a sense of citizenship.They only regard themselves as family members, not citizens.They should act as the masters of the country to promote reform and supervise the government.中国公民意识不高，光是考虑到是一个家庭的成员，而没有考虑到我是一个公民，我是这个国家的主人，我要去推动改革、我要去监督政府。

2.Monday\'s eay questions for the annual college entrance exam (gaokao) not only attracted attention at home but also abroad.Peter Foster, a Daily Telegraph reporter, posted the eay questions from national and provincial papers to his blogs, saying the \"brainteasers\" are \"creative\".He hoped readers could enjoy them for \"amusement and general brain-food.\" 周一的高考作文不仅是国人关注的热点，老外也不惜笔墨进行报道。英国《每日电讯报》记者彼得·福斯特把全国和各省的作文题目发表到博客中，希望\"给大家提供点用以娱乐的精神食粮\"。他用\"脑筋急转弯\"来比喻这些题目，称其\"富有创意\"。

3.Women may not be able to read maps but they may be better at remembering routes than men if they have been to the place before, claims a new study, the Daily Telegraph reported.Researchers believe it is because women are much better at remembering landmarks than men.They said it is to do with the different roles men and women played in early primitive years as hunters.据英国《每日电讯报》报道，最新研究发现，虽然女性读图认路能力不如男性，但她们更擅长记住以前走过的路。这是因为女性更容易记住路标。研究者解释，狩猎时代男女分工的不同造成了这种差异。

四、Translate the following short paages into English.

1、不要临时抱佛脚。

人们总喜欢把学习一推再推，直到考试的前一天。殊不知，这种方法一般都会使你考得很糟糕。考试方面的专家认为，你应该很早就开始学习，这可以使你有足够的时间吸收这些知识。如果有不懂的地方，还有时间去问别人。而且这样的话，你可以在考试的前一天晚上美美地睡上一觉。

Don’t be a last-minute crammer.It‟s tempting to put off studying until the day before the exam.Unfortunately, this method almost guarantees poor results.Test-taking experts agree that you need to start studying way ahead of time.This gives you time to really absorb the information.And if there is something that you don‟t understand, you‟ll have time to get help.You‟ll also be able to get a good night‟s sleep on the night before the exam.

2、致富的关键是你有想致富的心态。我这样说是因为我在玩“大富翁”游戏时就有了致富的想法。那时，我才九岁，就在游戏的操作台上找到了获取财富的最有效的规则。我九岁时，我的穷爸爸，一位教书匠说，“啊， 把游戏放一边。学习，学习，学习！你玩„大富翁‟就是浪费时间。” 而我的富爸爸说出了那个规则，“你必须要开阔视野看到„大富翁‟游戏中的那条规则。”他说，“规则就在你面前。”接着我又问道，“那条规则是什么内容？”最终我知道那条规则是关于四座绿房子和红色的宾馆。

The most important thing to becoming rich is for you to have a mindset to want to become rich.The reason I say that is because I wanted to become rich when I played Monopoly.That was, I was nine years old.The greatest formula for wealth is found on that board game.When I was nine years old my poor dad, the schoolteacher said, “Ah put the game away.Study, study, study! You‟re wasting your time playing Monopoly.” And my rich dad said the formula, “You must open your mind and see the formula right on Monopoly.” He said, “It‟s right in front of you.” And I went, “What‟s the formula?” And finally I learned the formula is, four green houses, red hotel, four green houses, red hotel.3.虽然日本女人在世界上是受教育最高的女人，但以西方标准来衡量的话，她们在自己的国家是二等公民。传统的价值观不鼓励女人们表现得坦率和独立，鄙视那些想在政治或经济上往上爬的女人。只有四分之一的日本大公司里在中层或更高层管理层里有女性员工。一般女性的年收入只有男人的一半。

Though Japanese women are among the best-educated women in the world, they are, by Western standards, second-cla citizens in their own country.Traditional values discourage women from appearing outspoken or independent-minded and demoralize those who try to climb the political or busine hierarchies.Only one-fourth of major Japanese corporations have any women at all in the middle-management or higher ranks.The average woman‟s annual income amounts to only half that of a man‟s.

《口译》第一次作业

Directions: Translate the following sentences into Chinese.(英译汉) 1． As the world’s most robust economic region, China has attracted worldwide attention with its remarkable achievement over the past decade.中国作为世界上最有活力的经济区域在过去20年里以其显著的成就引起了全球的广泛注意。

2． Teaching is the greatest public service and we owe teachers our admiration and respect.教学是最伟大的公共事业，我们应对教师表示赞赏和尊敬。

3． China’s four great invention of paper making, gunpowder, printing and compa have had a huge impact on the entire world.

中国的四大发明纸、火药、印刷术、指南针对整个世界产生了巨大的影响。

4． We wish to enter into busine relations with your company.Your wish to establish long-term cooperation relations coincides with ours.我们希望同贵公司建立业务关系。你们想与我们建立长期的合作伙伴关系。 5． If you ever pa my home, do drop in.如果你路过我家，希望你光临寒舍。

6． In America, people are more interested in improving their life on earth.And they have a strong faith in their ability to improve conditions through their own efforts.在美国，人们的兴趣在提高他们的生活。他们很有信心他们有能力通过自己的努力改善生活的条件。

7． The party was perfectly organized and I enjoyed every minute of it.And I am very grateful for this nice arrangement.这个晚会组织的完美无缺，我玩的十分尽兴。我很感激这个美好的安排。 8． As the largest developing country, China is willing to develop economic and trade cooperation with all countries and regions of good will.做为最大的发展中国家，中国愿为发展经济和贸易合作与所有国家和地区达成一致。

9． Yoga, developed by the ancient sages of India, is a system of personal development encompaing body, mind, and spirit that dates back more than 5000 years ago.瑜珈，是由5000年前印度古代先人发展而来的，是一个专门针对如何发展个人的身体、心和精神的运动。

《口译》第二次作业

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English.(汉译英) 1．这是你第几次来中国？

Is this your which time comes to China? 2． 拥有共同的标准，配以最佳的实践，将是进一步推动我们这一产业和团体进步的关键。 Own the common standard , match it with optimum practice, will be to drive our this one estate and progreive key of group further.3． 我今天荣幸地在这里参加会议，共同探讨我们对发展中国家金融前景的看法，并就此提出我们的建议。

It gives me great pleasure to attend this meeting and share our visions on the prospect of financial sectors in developing countries.

4． 从历史文化来了解和认识中国，是一个重要的视角。

To know and acquaintance China from history and culture , it is an important visual angle.5． 中国在全面推进现代化的过程中，不仅将实现经济持续发展视为一项重要战略，同时也将生态环境的保护视为一项基本国策。

During the proce of China’s modernization in an all-round way, economic development will continue to be a central task while eco-environmental protection will be taken as a basic state policy.6． 房屋市场一直被看好，具有巨大发展潜力，国务院取消福利分房后，房地产市场已经趋于活跃。

Housing market has enjoyed popular confidence for its huge developmental potential.Since the state council cancelled the welfare-oriented public housing distribution system, housing market has witneed rising vitality.

7． 象征着中国古代文明的长城是世界上最著名的建筑之一。它位于北京西北约75公里处。 The Great Wall which symbolize the ancient Chinese culture is one of the most famous architectures in the world.It located at 75 km away from Beijing.

8． 人们常说，到了北京不吃烤鸭是最大的遗憾。在我们动筷之前，我来给大家简单介绍介绍吧。

It’s widely said a pity traveling to Beijing without tasting Peking duck.Before we have dinner please allow me to give a brief introduction.

9． 我们得让你走了。你的工作达不到我们对雇员工作质量的要求，虽然你似乎是很忙。另外，你和其他雇员配合也不太好。

We have to let you go.Your work failed to meet our requirement on employees, though you always appeared being busy.Besides, your cooperation with other staff was not adequate 10． 虽然不同地区的语言因差异巨大而互不相通，然而从语言的基本原理以及对一些具体的交际问题的处理方法上看，它们却有着许多共同之处。

Even thought different area\'s language is totally different, according to the basic theory of language and some specific approaches to solve relationship affairs, they have some similarities.

《口译》第三次作业

一、问答/综合题

1． Hong Kong is a unique meeting place for East and West, blending Chinese heritage, British colonial influences, high-tech modernity and Cantonese gusto.It offers a diversity of travel experiences, from shopping, to gourmet dining, to countryside pursuits and unique cultural heritage, including a great variety of religious institutions and preserved buildings like temples, monasteries, walled villages, clan halls and colonial structures.香港是一个中西合璧的城市，既保留传统的中国文化，又深受英殖民地时代的影响。香港位处广东沿岸，地方色彩相当浓厚，同时也是积极发展高科技的现代化城市。香港是著名的旅游胜地，这儿有购物消闲好去处，有享誉国际的佳肴美食，有风景怡人的大自然景色和独特的文化遗产，包括庙宇、寺院、围、祠堂和富有殖民地色彩的古物古迹。

2． Directions: There are two paages, please translate it into Chinese, and write down your answer on the answer sheet.（英译汉段落翻译）Ladies and gentlemen, I’d like to report on my recent investigation of the current situation of China’s automobile market.//

Considering the fact that there is only one car for every 250 Chinese at present, the potential auto market is extremely attractive.//

China has cut its average tariff rate several times and promised to continue to cut its automobile import tariff.China has virtually opened its auto market to the outside world.//

China is seeking partners for its automobile industry, and we should walk up and take the opportunity.女士们，先生们，我向诸位汇报一下我对中国汽车市场现状所作的调查。//

目前中国的轿车拥有量为每250人仅一辆车。因此，这个潜在的市场具有极大的诱惑力。//

中国已数次下降关税，并承诺将继续降低汽车进口关税，中国汽车市场的大门已经敞开。// 中国正在寻求汽车工业的合资伙伴。我们的机会就在眼前。

《口译》第四次作业

一、问答/综合题

1． 麦当劳不仅把中国人带进一种新的餐饮方式，还使他们接收一种新的行为举止。这些举止表明，他们在接受麦当劳快餐的同时，也逐步接受伴随而来的外国餐桌行为文化。这种餐桌行为文化简洁地依靠一股温暖的纯黄体现出来，这使中国人对这种外来饮食模式空前认同。于是，试图将中餐与麦当劳分店形式结合起来的尝试出现了，我们也在各大城市看到了各种中餐连锁店。它们的色调是橙色的，正如红加上黄。专家们研究表明，橙色是最能勾起食欲的颜色。无怪乎中西合璧之后的餐饮行当，无不是取调于这两者的均衡。

McDonald’s not only ushers Chinese people to a new catering style, but also introduces them new dinner behavior, which means people have accepted McDonald’s fast food and the foreign dinner culture along with it.This dinner culture is presented simply by the shinning yellow color which gains great acceptance among Chinese people.In turn, there emerged new restaurants combining Chinese cuisine and McDonald’s operation mode in many big cities.They all share the orange color, like red mixed with yellow.According to experts, the orange color is the most apatite-arousing color.No wonder those restaurants are all dominated by these colors.

2． Directions: There are two paages, please translate it into English, and write down your answer on the answer sheet.（汉译英段落翻译）地铁是地下的高速火车系统，主要出现在像纽约、伦敦、巴黎、北京、悉尼和东京这样的大城市。

地铁比公共汽车速度快、效率高，它们可以把你送到城里的几乎任一地段，然后你只需再步行一段距离就可到达你想去的地方。

地铁票价便宜，有助于解决城市的交通问题。

地铁唯一的缺点就是它经常拥挤嘈杂。

Subways are underground systems of high speed trains, which are mostly found in large cities such as New York, London, Paris, Beijing, Sydney, and Tokyo.Subway trains move more quickly and efficiently than buses; they will deliver you to within walking distance of almost any place in the city.They are inexpensive and help solve city traffic problems.The one drawback of subway trains is that they are often crowded and noisy.

推荐第6篇：口译

o o

He was stoned last night.他昨晚受到攻击。 他被石头砸。 他摔伤了。 他昨晚喝醉了。

解释：stoned 是俚语，此处为“醉的”（意为喝醉或被麻醉品麻醉）。本例不是被动句，因为stoned是形容词，做表语。

o 下列哪个是“妻管严”一词最好的翻译：

henpecked

afraid of one's wife controled by one's wife inferior to one's wife

o brown sugar 白砂糖 红糖 糖果 冰糖

解释：brown sugar：红糖

o 深圳经济特区

Special Economic Zone for Shenzhen Shenzhen Special Economic Zone Economic Zone for Shenzhen the Special Economic Zone with Shenzhen

o quack可以用来比喻：

聒噪的人 庸医 吹牛皮的人 骗子

o AIDS的全称是Acquired Immune __________ Syndrome

Deficiency Disease Default Deform

o go to great lengths 是什么意思？

尝试做某事 竭尽全力做某事 行为怠慢，不加约束 达到很高的等级

o abortion 放弃 人工流产 滥用职权 废除法律

o cramp的意思是

抽筋 露营 碰撞

o think on one's feet

换位思考

头脑反应很快 站着思想 用脚思考

o “煎”的英语是：

stir-frying deep-frying pan-frying quick-frying

o life sentence 寿命

判处无期徒刑 没法解决的难题 尽心尽力的

o “资金”英语怎么说：

const money cash fund

o Never is a long word.这句话的意思是： never是一个很长的单词 别把话说绝了 一言难尽 不堪回首

o bend one's ear 喋喋不休 抓耳挠腮 耳濡目染 耳提面命

o age discrimination 年龄歧视 年龄分布 年龄特征

年龄大的弱势群体

o 转基因食品GM food中GM的全称是：

genetically moved genetically modified genetically made genetically modeled

o “消费税”的英语是：

consumer tax buying tax purchase tax cost tax

o Promise little,but do much.少许诺，多做事。 求助，但不行.解释：少许诺，

o habor _______（内心有着抱负，愿望）

inspirations restorations aspirations perspirations

o “黄酒”英语怎么说：

yellow wine yellow rice beer yellow rice wine yellow beer

o apportion 逮捕 犹豫 分配 归因于

o be all over sb 看不起某人 巴结某人 超过某人

o “第三产业”英语是：

third industry tertiary industry third sector tertiary sector

o 下降，数量或质量减少，情况变糟

go north go west go south go east

解释：go south 这个说法来源于地图上北下南的规定，所以go south可以用来代表任何下降、变坏的趋势。可以用来形容和某人的关系，经济走势，或者物品的变坏。eg.The stock market went south after a brief morning rally, o Chinatown是指：

中国镇 中国乡村 唐人街 中国城市

o real bomb 舞台上表现欠佳或失败 实物炸弹 正确投掷 成功

o be on the rocks 出现财政困难 搁浅 计划中止 进退两难

解释：eg.That company is on the rocks.那家公司财政困难会破产。

o The last thing they heard from the pilot was 'over and out'.其中over and out的意思是指：

你死定了 你被捕了 通话完毕 你可以走了

o 喉炎”用英文表示是：

laryngitis pharyngitis throatogitis bronchitis

o foie gras是下列哪道名菜：

鱼子酱 法式蜗牛 鹅肝 意大利面 o market acce 市场准入 市场份额 市场经济 市场地位

o strictly for the birds 不重要，没有意思 一丝不苟 严格 有趣地

o “伤残保险”的英语是：

disability insurance retirement insurance unemployment insurance medical insurance

o CPC Founding Day 六一儿童节 建党节 中国航海日 端午节

o 你对“It's a good father that knows his son。”的含义是如何理解的呢？

就算不是最好的父亲，也能了解自己的儿子。 就算是最好的父亲，也未必了解自己的儿子。 就是不是最好的父亲，也不该不了解自己的儿子。 他是个了解自己儿子的好父亲。

解释：英语当中有一些习惯用语，就像是我们的母语一样，但是对中国的孩子来说，这个将是学习上的更是理解层面的原因。这次提供的题目就是难倒了很多专业翻译的题目，试试你的语感吧，有的时候做这种题目需要的不仅仅是词汇量呀！！！

o close to the vest 友好的 贴心的

小心谨慎不让别人知道 到达极点

o open dialogues 畅所欲言 开场白 公开对话 开幕式发言

o 保险箱的密码用英文表达是

paword safe code paword coded number

o “系主任”的英语是：

director dean president chairman

o job discrimination 工作歧视 职业操守 工作规范 就业压力

o

o capital punishment 死刑 经济制裁 罚款 监禁

o musty的意思是

发霉的 必须的 强大的 强权的

o close to the vest 友好的 贴心的

小心谨慎不让别人知道 到达极点 o 请问percolate的意思是

渗滤 观测 发牢骚 磨光

o a dandy idea

特别好的主意 爸爸的主意 主意 爸爸的想法

o relative 亲属、亲戚 监护人 长辈，前辈 晚辈，后辈

o She is a study in students.这句意为：

她是学生的典范 她在学生中学习她是研究学生的 她是学生的老师

o take sides的意思是？

站在一个地方 注意旁边 偏袒一方 做出选择

o “五言绝句”是：

Five-character quatrain Five-character octave Five-word poet Five-word octave

o fly off the handle 勃然大怒 开心到极点 攻击某人 幸运中奖

o 易受……伤害

vulnerable to liable to subordinate to subjective to

o start from scratch是什么意思：

从挠、抓开始 白手起家 坐吃山空 重头再来

o facetious是什么意思 匿名的 滑稽的 面部的 美容的

解释：facetious 滑稽的爱开玩笑的 facetious remark 滑稽的话

o “恶性循环”英文说法是：

bad circle vicious circle evil circle dangerous circle

o irritate 灌溉 与……混合 使……高兴、满足 激怒，使……生气

o 核战争

nuclear warfare great nuclear war war of nuclear nuclear with warfare

o irreversible 不可撤销的 不可预料的 不可见的，无形的 不可战胜的

o behind bars

被监禁；坐牢 在酒吧 打官司 在栏杆后面

o 达芬奇密码中提到的“五步抑扬格”英语是：

iambic pentameter five rhyme cadent five

iambic pentarhyme

o lose one's shirt

丢了衬衫 输掉衬衫 失去一切 摆脱累赘

o hula hoop 麻将卡 娃哈哈 计划表 呼啦圈 湖南 o industrious的含义是

勤奋的 顽固的 工业的 产业的

解释：industrious a.勤勉的,刻苦的; 尤指由习惯养成或天性形成的勤奋。

o get your a in gear 赶紧，别磨蹭了 坐好 适应

o off-season 退出，褪却 反季节，淡季

不分季节的，无季节性的 大反转

o xenophobia意为：

仇外 复印机 恐高症 恐水症

o Where there is a will, there is a way! 有志者，事竟成。

哪里有意志，哪里就有出路。 留得青山在不怕没柴烧 有希望就有道路

解释：由where引导的一种句型。

o blow your top 闹翻天 发脾气 折腾

o 倒立rising economy 新兴产业 经济增长 经济繁荣 高级产业

o “财政预算”英语怎么说：

fiscal budget financial budget economic budget monetary budget

o call it a day是指：

糟糕的一天 顺利的一天 就此结束 就此开始

o cut cla 旷课 消减课程 提前下课 中断上课

o 岁月不待人

Tomorrow never comes.Gain time, gain life.

Time and tide wait for no man.No pains, no gains.

o Dutch courage是指：

酒后之勇 胆小怕事 为人强出头 受委屈不吭声

o His talent ____ beyond the conventional disciplines.stretched hitched fetched entrenched

o 京剧中的“净”英语是：

middle-aged male characters clown

male characters "painted face" characters

o a lay person 懒惰的人 外行人 躺着的人 内行人

o “京剧”的英语是：

Beijing opera Jingju Peking opera Chinese opera

o 交通卡用英文怎么说？

public transportation card a public transportation a publictransportationcard a public transportion card a public transportation card

o 以下哪个不是指“物质匮乏的人”？

the needy the have-nots the indigent the underprivileged

o be on the rocks 出现财政困难 搁浅 计划中止 进退两难

解释：eg.That company is on the rocks.那家公司财政困难会破产。

o 东方明珠塔

Oriental Pearl TV Tower Pearl TV Tower

Oriental Pear TV Tower

o “乌龙面”的英语是：

Eel noodles

Sesame paste noodles Seafood noodles Oyster thin noodles

o Don't fu ______ such a minor matter.over at to on

解释：不要小题大做

o have an ear for 识时务者 对……有偏见 窃听，偷听 对某事有鉴赏能力

o 中华人民共和国的翻译

the People's Republic of China the country of China the china

the country of china

o moneybags 财主 钱袋 保险箱 银行

o get above oneself 趾高气扬 超过, 克服 获得成功 取得进展

o 西非经济货币联盟英文缩写是什么？

UE UEMOA ECOWAS EAC

o Read between the lines.是什么意思? 读书.每行之间.画线条.言外之意.

o a horse laugh 偷偷地笑 哈哈大笑 不信任地嘲笑 笑到最后

o pay tribute to 表示敬意 关注 归因于 致力于

o May you live in interesting _____, May you find what you are _____.time/look for times/looking for time/looking for times/look for 解释：愿你生活的时代妙趣横生，愿你心中所想能美梦成真。

o rights and wrongs是什么意思：

行为准则 交通规范 事实真相 为人礼仪

o take one down a button-hole意为：

解扣子

刹一刹某人的威风 恐吓某人 谋杀某人

o 以下哪个不属于中医里所说的内伤七情？

worry surprise fear hatred

o strictly for the birds 不重要，没有意思 一丝不苟 严格 有趣地 。

o potsticker 中头彩 家常便饭 大锅饭 锅贴

o swear not to stop 誓不罢休 誓不两立 决不停止 誓死

o a while back是指：

不久以前 很久以前 刚到家 短暂停留

o egg someone on 怂恿某人 胁迫某人 恐吓某人 打击某人

o “课外的”英语怎么说：

Extracurriculum outside cla recreational amateur

o dock的含义不包含下列哪一个选项

码头 被告席 削减 甲板

o o

good things come in small packages 浓缩的是精华 好事齐分享

成功是一步步积累的

o break the ice 一词的中文释义是？

破冰

打破沉默(僵局)

让我想起了破冰之旅，用的就是这个词 打破规矩 很响的声音

o o

jet-lag 背包 时差 喷气式飞机 行李

解释：倒时差为get over the jet-lag o 与“Not see the wood for the trees ”意义不同的一项？

not see or understand the main point,subject 见树不见林

one is paying too much attention to details 见林不见树

o over easy 是什么意思？

暴露在太阳下 蛋黄向上，只煎一面 两面都煎一下 草鸡蛋

o an aging population 人口老龄化 人口激涨 人口过多 前辈，长辈

o "鸡飞蛋打"怎么说？

chicken fixings egg dance

fall between two stools terrible ending

o You are really a philosopher.这句话是说：

你真想得开

你是一个真正的哲学家 你讲话太无聊了 你总是对人说教

o （飞机等）相撞

tumble to stumble on coincide with collide with

o 专科学位

Master ’s degree Doctor’s degree Master ’s degree

Aociate Bachelor’s degree

o _____ of the field of psychology（心理学这一领域的开创者）

sector factor originator motivator

o “综合性大学”英语是：

all-encompaing university overall university extensive university comprehensive university

o chain effect 连锁反应 负担，镣铐 负面影响 边际效应

o o

sea cucumber是：

海里的黄瓜 海带 海参 珊瑚

o said and done的意思是：

言行一致 说到底 遵守诺言 说大话

o “医疗保险”的英语是：

unemployment insurance medical insurance retirement insurance disability insurance

o employment competitivene 就业竞争力 雇佣比赛 员工竞赛 雇佣竞争力

o shadow play意为：

皮影戏 木偶戏 哑剧 滑稽戏

o in one's birthday suit正确意思是：

身着盛装 穿新衣服 一丝不挂 穿着随意

o innate 人类的 仁慈的 精确的

天生的，固有的

o insolvent的意思是

无法解决的 溶解的 无偿还能力的 毅力

o o “大头贴”英语怎么说：

big-head photo photo sticker small photo instant photo

o 就......来看

Judging by the current situation as it says with respect to

according to the present situation

o “牡蛎细面”的英语是：

Seafood noodles Sesame paste noodles Eel noodles Oyster thin noodles

o heirloom的意思是

继承人 传家宝 织布机 鬃毛

o scratch the surface 开始了解 刚刚学的翻译成浅尝则此 趴在上面 刮掉表皮 难以理解

o 车费

fare fee outlay tip

o facetious stories 可以替换facetious的词是

sarcastic ridiculous factual humourous

o “虚拟现实”在英语中是：

false reality pretend reality mock reality virtual reality

o bear in mind that 考虑到，记住，不忘 忍到极点 沉思

o “up and up”的意思是什么？

活泼的 上进的 诚实的 没事找事的

o 京剧中的“丑”英语是：

middle-aged male characters male characters clown

"painted face" characters

o white collar

白领

不是冤家不碰头 白抓 白色衣领

o criticism that came out of the blue中的out of the blue为何解？

消沉沮丧 极为严格 很有见地 突如其来

o stethoscope的含义是

望远镜 潜望镜 地动仪 听诊器 o “飓风”的英语是：

cyclone typhoon hurricane tornado

o a bird of paage 小人物 过道里的鸟 候鸟，过客 快递

o “患者”可以用下列哪个选项的单词来表示？

sufferer diseaser patience painstaker

o appliance 申请书 强烈愿望 恳求

工具，器具

想一想家电怎么说

o sweet water

糖水

淡水 果汁

o o

豆腐渣工程

jerry-built projects

soybean curb residue works loose projects high risk projects

o specialized course是指：

选修课 专业课 基础课 必修课

o

思？ Which is more important, book knowledge or experience？是什么意书和经验哪个更重要？

书本知识是和经验哪个更重要？ 难道书本知识会比经验更重要？ 难道经验会比书本知识更重要？

o 请问alimentary canal的意思是

消化道 辅道 跨海隧道 附加频道 o means of production是什么意思：

生产力

生产关系 生活资料 生产资料

o “初级职位”用英文表达是：

entry-level position primary position initial position

o primitive positionclam up 保持沉默 保持静止 保持冷静 保持低调

o “煎”的英语是：

stir-frying deep-frying pan-frying quick-frying

o at arm's length 使劲揍 给力 保持距离 武装起来

o “建筑面积”的英语是：

building area floor area storey area plot area

o foot the bill 爬山 付账 预定酒席 赖账

o overture是指：

音诗 前奏曲 序曲 交响诗

o authoritative 权威的，官方的 官僚主义的 不敬神的，亵渎的 纪念的，怀念的

o Zen是什么意思：

忍 禅宗 人 真理

o high-flown 夸张的 高品质的 有野心的 高压的，专横的

o tonsil的意思是

咽 扁桃体 喉 腺

推荐第7篇：口译

即席口译“三秘诀” •

扔、切、补

•

扔：放弃重复、别扭的元素 •

切：断句、切在主动词引导的主句 •

补：介词短语、或从句连接 口译的头号秘诀（扔）

•

我谨代表….感谢英方的盛情邀请和精心安排。 •

Thank for invitation & arrangement 形容词省略

•

立足于促进、提高国内市场需要，是保证中国经济持续、快速、健康发展的关键。加入WTO以后，中国将更严格地遵循国际通行的市场规则。

•

Promoting domestic demand is a key to sustained and healthy development.Since acceion to WTO, China will make its own practice in line with international market 动词省略

•

中国还要大规模开展基础设施的建设，改造和提升工业企业的装备水平，还要提高农业的生产和加工能力。

•

China need large-scale infrastructure and upgrade its industrial equipment as well as agricultural production and proceing 名词省略

万能词的使用“归零”…

•

提升、推动、促进、改进、改善、加强、完善…=promote •

多，杂，无数=plenty of…或numerous •

展示，显示，表明，传达，反应…=show •

有利, 对…有好处…=do good to../benefit •

有害，威胁，带来问题=lead to problem •

开始，发起，进行=start 切：一刀两断

•

中华人民共和国成立后，中国人民自力更生、改革开放、与时俱进，在社会主义建设中取得了举世瞩目的伟大成就。 •

Since 1940, Chinese people have made remarkable achievement through self-reliance, reform & open-up, going with the times.

切完·再补

•

当前，中国人民坚定不移地抓住发展这个第一要务，正满怀信心地为全面建设小康社会、实现现代化而团结奋斗。 •

Chinese people are making joint efforts to build a well-off society and modernization in full confidence with the focus on development, which is the primary task of the country.组合和断句(高口真题)

•

20国集团各成员应该在平等互利、求同存异、灵活务实的基础上开展对话，加强同其他国际和区域经济机构的交流合作，以增进互信、扩大共识、协调行动，在健全国际经济贸易体制和规则、完善国际经济金融体系、加强南北对话和合作、促进全球减贫和发展等方面，发挥更大、更积极的实质性作用。

•

G20 members should conduct dialogue, promote exchange ＆cooperation with international & regional organizations, to promote mutual trust, consensus, coordination on the basis of equality &mutual benefits, seeking common ground while putting aside differences, flexibility & pragmatism.•

They should also play a effective role in promoting international economic & trade regime, financial system, coop between south & north, global poverty reduction & development E-C 英译汉

•

听的重点是“意思”, 而不是“每个单词”。 •

注意语言的逻辑性，在听的过程中提炼structure Paage 1:

中华民族历来尊重人的尊严和价值。还在遥远的古代，我们的先人就已提出“民为贵”的思想，认为“天生万物，唯人为贵”，社会的发展和进步，取决于人的发展和进步，取决于人的尊严的维护和价值的发挥。今天中国所焕发出来的巨大活力，是中国人民拥有广泛自由、民主的生动写照。

中国确保十三亿多人的生存权和发展权，是对世界人权事业的重大贡献。集体人权与个人人权、经济文化权利与公民政治权利紧密结合和协调发展，这适合中国国情，是中国人权事业发展的必然道路。

(参考答案)

The Chinese nation has always respected human dignity and value.Even in the ancient days, our ancestors came up with the idea of “people being the most important,” believe that “man is the most valuable among all the things that heaven fosters.” The progre and development of a society hinge on human progre and development and depend on how well human dignity is maintained and how much human value is realized.The immense vitality displayed by China today is a vivid reflection of the broad freedoms and democtatic rights enjoyed by the Chinese people.

Chins has a population of over 1.3 billion, and to ensure our people the rights to subsistence and development is in itself a major contribution to the progre of the world human rights cause.Collective and individual human rights should be considered together and their coordinated development should be pursued, and the same considerations should be given to the development of economic and cultural rights on the one hand and of civil and political rights on the other.This is dictated by China’s specific national conditions and therefore, is the only way to progre in human rights cause in Chins.

Paage 2:

On behalf of all the membership of the United Nations, I hereby reaffirm the role of this international organization.When ti was created more than 60 years ago, the United Nations reflected humanity’s greatest hopes for a just and peaceful global community.It still embodies that dream.We remain the only world institution with the legitinacy and scope that derive from global membership, and a mandate that encompaes development, secutiry and human rights as well as the envoronment.

I restate that we are an organization without independent military capability, and we dispose of relatively modest resources in the economic realm.Yet our influence and impact on the world is far greater than many believe to be the case, and often more than we ourselves realize.This influence derives not from any exercise of power, but from the force of the values we represent.Among these values are the maintenance of the world order and the establishment of world harmony.

（参考答案）

我谨代表联合国所有成员国，在此重申这个国际组织的作用。联合国60多年前成立时，反映了人类建立一个公正和平的国际社会的殷切希望。联合国至尽仍然代表了这个梦想。我们仍然是唯一具有产生于会籍普遍性的合法性和规模，并具有包括发展、安全和人权以及环境在内的使命的全球性机构。

我重申，这是一个没有独立军事能力的组织，在经济领域也只处理相对不多的资源。然而，我们对世界的影响却比许多人所认为的要大得多，而且常常比我们自己所意识到的还要多。这种影响不是产生于权利的行使，而是产生于我们所代表的价值观念的力量。我们的价值观；包括维护国际次序，建立和谐世界。 高级口译题：

口语:沿海地区和内陆在发展的差异 Gap between coastal region and innland

a.请举例说明东部/沿海发展优势

b.请举例说明西部/内陆落后情况

c.解决差异的对策口译

Chinse to English

1.大会发言,未来发展,关键句“走得多远取决于我们的梦想”.（难度指数较低）

2.潘基文秘书长在诺贝尔和平奖评价/致辞/感谢.（难度指数较高，需要有背景知识）

English to Chinse

1.中国创造灿烂文明/反对侵略(教程篇章) 我在高口口试强化班上最后一天复习过的文章！势如破竹

“近代中国经历了一段积贫积弱、任人宰割的历史。落后就要挨打，这是中国人民从屡遭外来侵略的悲惨经历中得出的刻骨铭心的教训。一个国家只有首先自强，才能在世界上自立。一百多年来，中国人民为实现中华民族伟大复兴的目标进行了不懈努力。

“中华人民共和国成立后，中国人民自力更生、改革开放、与时俱进，在社会主义建设中取得了举世瞩目的伟大成就。当前，中国人民坚定不移地抓住发展这个第一要务，正满怀信心地为全面建设小康社会、实现现代化而团结奋斗。”

2.东盟和中国发展 （ASEAN）

口语:计划生意/独生子女政策是否应该继续实施？One child policy amendment

a.请阐述实施这一政策的背景

b.在老龄化,农民工短缺的情况下，是否需要改变政策？

c.谈谈你的对策

E-C

1.空气污染 air polution~化学物质chemicals.(记得不算清晰)

补充：车子排放出的气体会造成空气污染，提到了combustible engine。 有害的化学物质会散播到空气中，对健康有危险。（这小段没怎么听清楚）

因此我们要采取多种的交通工具。还可以通过氢气等驱动引擎。还可以装一个可转换的装置将气体转换成电力，蒸汽...（当中顺序有点记不清了）

环保型汽车, 关键词:转换过滤器, electricity, steam, hazardous（难度指数较高，需要有背景知识）

2.亚洲在国际上的作用越来越重要。中国成为当中最成功的国家。在过去十年里贸易增长从××%增长到××% 中国的发展对亚洲以及世界都有积极的作用。

C-E

1.中医(教程篇章) 我在高口口试强化班上最后一天复习过的文章！势如破竹one more time...

教程P291 “中医起源于神农氏时代，战国时期的中医理论著作黄帝内经标志着中国医学独特的理论体系形成。黄帝内经仍被视为知道中医理论的基础。中医名著神农本草集中认为，阴与阳两者制约，互相作用，消长平衡，相互转换。阴阳平衡是健康的要素，阴阳失衡会影响健康，导致疾病，因此，中医十分重视调节阴阳以保平衡。

变体版本也要熟悉：

中医是我国的传统医学，起源于6000年前的神农氏时代。中医学在长期的发展过程中，逐渐形成了一套医学原则和观点。中医认为“万物人为贵”。中医师是通过了解人与自然、以及人体各部位之间的种种关系来诊断病人的疾病。

中医有完整的理论体系和临床治疗方法，除了中草药外还有针灸疗法、按摩推拿和气功疗法。中医以其独特的疗效和科学本质赢得了全世界的广泛赞誉。我们在积极发展中医的同时也鼓励中西医结合诊断和治疗疾病。我相信，我国的中医研究前程似锦。

还提及两本书《黄帝内经》《本草纲目》

2.中小企业的发展, 亚洲在世界经济中的作用.small and medium-sized enterprises

关键句：中小企业的发展很迅速，它们在所有企业中占了99.6%，世界各国和地区也越来越注意中小企业的作用。 中小企业融资促进经济发展。(financing 融资) 口语：

兰州政府出台把穷人安置在城市中心的政策，此举是否有利于减少贫困现象呢？Commerical residential community

a.穷人安置在城市中心真的能减少贫富差异吗？提供你的评论.works or not? your comment?

b.穷人居住在城市中心会有哪些可能的后果 consequences?

c.你有哪些解决措施？

口译题：

E-C

1.非洲气候问题的演说,关键词/句: Africa climate change(related to financial, scientific & technological sphere...etc), take some measures, lauch program...

可见时下的热点都在考试委员会的radar上面。

2.美国教育的改革: American education reform: “leave no children behind”, 这是我在上中级口译课堂上讲过的视频新闻，莫非考试委员会有听过的课。我曾翻译成张艺谋的电影“一个都不能少” plus.Leave no teacher behind, and more high qualified.这曾话题也可以对应我课堂讲过的“奥巴马在佛吉尼亚中学的开学典礼演讲”曾谈过的三方的responsibility.

总结：所有的学校的所有孩子都要定期进行教育。

C-E

1.中国文化（考前我在口试强化班重点cover的内容，凡事上过我们强化班的同学都应该比较轻松）关键句：除了中国菜肴意外，美国人对武术、草药、功夫很感兴趣。他们越来越常在对话中提到功夫电影。太极、气功等等。最受欢迎的是道家和神秘的风水学说。我签阵子到加州，看到各种有关古老中国的书籍。美国史哥开放的国家。他们会吸收其他文化的传统并将其融入。

点评： 这次的高口居然选择了《中口教程第三版》讲中华文化的核心课文。看来我们复习高口也不能不看新东方中口教程重点篇章。

2.中国经济，老生常谈！必定拿下的段子

关键句：

在全球经济危机的背景下，中国仍然保持着经济增长并在速度、质量和效益上作到统一。很少有其他国家能保持如此强劲的势头（momentum）.但我们仍然需要清醒的意识到没有国家能永远保持经济增长，中国也不例外(china is no exception).

（中间是经济话题的套句 ） 我们要一同简历繁荣稳定和谐的社会。

Supreme People's Court (SPC) 最高人民法院 judicial explanation 司法解释

a house registered under one's name 在某人名字下登记的房产

personal property 个人财产

house property ownership certificate 房产证 houses bought on mortgage by one party before the marriage 一方婚前按揭购房

joint estate/common wealth/mutual property 共同财产 mortgage payments 房屋贷款 value appreciation 增值 trial courts 初审法院

custody and alimony disputes 监护和赡养费纠纷 paternity test 亲子鉴定 marriage certificate 结婚证 marriage law 婚姻法 pre-marital property 婚前财产 down payment 首付 marital partner 婚姻伴侣 compensation 补偿金

prenuptial agreement 婚前协议 jointly poeed 共同所有

earnings from production and operation 生产、经营的收益 earnings from intellectual property rights 知识产权的收益 children born out of wedlock 非婚生子女 divorce cost 离婚成本

division of property 财产分割

性相近也，习相远也。

By nature, men are nearly alike; by practice, they get to be wide apart.过而不改，是谓过矣。

Not to mend the fault one has made is to err indeed.己所不欲，勿施于人。

What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others.言必信，行必果。

Keep what you say and carry out what you do.君子以文会友，以友辅仁。

The superior man on grounds of culture meets with his friends, and by their friendship helps his virtue.三军可夺师也，匹夫不可夺志也。

The commander of the forces of a large State may be carried off, but the will of even a common man cannot be taken from him.后生可畏，焉知来者之不如今也？

A youth is to be regarded with respect.How do you know that his future will not be equal to our present? 有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？

Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters? 人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎？

Is he not a man of complete virtue, who feels no discomposure though men may take no note of him? 父在，观其志。父没，观其行。三年无改于父之道，可谓孝矣。

While a man's father is alive, look at the bent of his will; when his father is dead, look at his conduct.If for three years he does not alter from the way of his father, he may be called filial.不患人之不己知，患不知人也。

I will not be afflicted at men's not knowing me; I will be afflicted that I do not know men.诗三百，一言以蔽之，曰：思无邪。

separate poeion 各自所有 partly joint poeion 部分共同所有 maintenance payments 扶养费

marriage registration office 婚姻登记机关 divorce certificate 离婚证 divorce proceeding 离婚诉讼 divorce settlement 离婚协议书 forges debts 伪造债务 upbringing payment 抚养费 support payment 赡养费 divorce calculator 离婚计算器

In the Book of Poetry are three hundred pieces, but the design of them all may be embraced in one sentence-- "Having no depraved thoughts." 关睢乐而不淫，哀而不伤。

The Kwan Tsu is expreive of enjoyment without being licentious, and of grief without being hurtfully exceive.

父母在，不远游，游必有方。

While his parents are alive, the son may not go abroad to a distance.If he does go abroad, he must have a fixed place to which he goes.

国民生产总值 GNP (Gro National Product) 人均国民生产总值 per capita GNP 产值 output value 鼓励 give incentive to 投入 input

宏观控制 exercise macro-control

优化经济结构 optimize the economic structure 输入活力 bring vigor into

改善经济环境 improve economic environment 整顿经济秩序 rectify economic order

有效地控制通货膨胀 effectively control inflation 非公有成分 non-public sectors 主要成分 dominant sector 实在的 tangible

全体会议 plenary seion

解放生产力 liberate/unshackle/release the productive forces

引入歧途 lead one to a blind alley 举措 move

实事求是 seek truth from facts 引进、输入 importation 和平演变 peaceful evolution 试一下 have a go (at sth.) 精华、精粹、实质 quinteence

家庭联产责任承包制 family-contract responsibility system 搞活企业 invigorate enterprises 商品经济 commodity economy 基石 cornerstone 零售 retail

发电量 electric energy production 有色金属 nonferrous metals 人均收入 per capita income 使负担 be saddled with 营业发达的公司 going concerns

被兼并或挤掉 annexed or forced out of busine 善于接受的 receptive 增额、增值、增长 increment 发展过快 exceive growth

抽样调查 data from the sample survey

扣除物价上涨部分 price increase are deducted(excluded)

实际增长率 actual growth rate

国际收支 international balance of payments 流通制度 circulation system 总工资 total wages

分配形式 forms of distribution 风险资金 risk funds 管理不善 poor management

一个中心、两个基本点one central task and two basic points

以经济建设为中心，坚持四项基本原则（1）社会主义道路（2）党的领导（3）人民民主专政（4）马列主义毛泽东思想、坚持改革开放

the central task refers to economic construction and two basic points are the four cardinal principlesand persisting in reform and opening.

改革是"社会主义制度的自我完善和自我发展"。

Reform is "the self-perfection and self-development of the socialist system."

我们辨别的标准是看这样做是否有利于发展社会主义的生产力，是否有利于增强社会主义国家的综合国力，是否有利于提高人民的生活水平。

The criterion for our judgment is whether the move facilitates the development of socialist productive forces, whether it helps increase the overall national strength of a socialist country, and whether it brings about better living standards.

社会主义的最终目标是解放生产力，消灭剥削，消除贫富两极分化，最终达到共同富裕。

The main goals of socialism are the liberation and development of productive forces, the elimination of exploitat

ion and polarization between the rich and the poor and the final achievement of common prosperity. 要人们警惕右和"左"的影响，特别是"左"的根深蒂固的影响。

to warn people of the influence of both the Right and the "Left" deviations, particularly of the deep-rooted "Left" influence.

中国要警惕右，但更要防"左"。

China needs to be vigilant against the Right deviation, but primarily, it should guard against the "Left"deviation. 资本主义和社会主义并不是以计划经济和市场的多少来划分的。

Socialism and capitalism are not distinguished by the proportion of planned and market economy.

随着改革的深化，国家指令性计划的范围将会缩小，而市场调节的范围将会扩大。

As the reform further develops, the scope for mandatory state plans will be narrowed, while the scope for market forces will be enlarged.

初步建立社会主义计划商品经济新体制。

to establish at a preliminary level a new system of socialist planned commodity economy. 各尽所能，按劳/需分配。

from each according to his ability, to each according to his work/needs.

经济结构改革 reform in economic structure 剩余劳动力 surplus labor 经营机制 operative mechanism

发挥市场的调节作用 to give play to the regulatory role of the market

经济和法律的杠杆 economic and legal leverages 经济计划和市场调节相结合 to combine economic planning with market regulation 计划经济和市场调节相结合的制

a mechanism that combines planned economy and market regulation

取消国家对农产品的统购统销

to cancel the state's monopoly on the purchase and marketing of agricultural products 改革重点转移到城市

the focus of reform is shifted to the cities

国家的根本任务是，集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设

The basic task of the nation is to concentrate its efforts on socialist modernization.

逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化，把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义国家。

to modernize the country's industry, agriculture, national defense and science and technology step by step to turn China into a strong and prosperous socialist country with a high level of culture and democracy.

社会主义经济制度的基础是生产资料的社会主义公有制，即全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制。

The basis of the socialist economic system is socialist public ownership of the means of production, namely, ownership by the whole people and collective ownership by the working people.

国有经济，即社会主义全民所有制经济，是国民经济中的主导力量。

The state economy is the sector of socialist economy under ownership by the whole people; it is the leading force in the national economy. 国家保障国有经济的巩固和发展。

The state ensures the consolidation and growth of the state economy. 农业 farming 林业 forestry

畜牧业 animal husbandry 副业 sideline production 渔业 fishing

第一产业 primary industry 第二产业 secondary industry 第三产业 tertiary industry 生产资料 means of production

生活资料 means of livelihood/subsistence 生产关系 relations of production 生产力 productive forces 公有制 public ownership 私有制 private ownership

全民所有制 ownership by the entire/whole people 社会主义集体所有制 socialist collective ownership 厉行节约，反对浪费 to practice strict economy and combat waste

外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise 合资企业 joint venture

合作企业 cooperative enterprise

独资企业 wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise 基本框架 basic framework

办学效益 efficiency in school management

协调发展 coordinated and balanced program of development

教育投入 input in education

优化教师队伍 optimize the teaching staff 实行分区规划 practice regional planning 社会参与 communal participation 新增劳动力 incoming labor force 职前教育 pre-service education 岗位培训 undergo job-specific training

提高......的思想品德 enhance the moral awarene of ...

职业道德 profeional ethics

重点学科 key disciplinary areas or priority fields of study

（大学）专科 Major Types of Education in China short 2- to 3- year higher education programs 扫盲班 literacy cla 注册人数 enrollment 年龄段（层）age bracket 反复灌输 inculcate 希望工程 Project Hope 学龄儿童 school-ager

人才枯竭 exhaustion of human resources 辍/失学青少年 school dropout/leaver 基金会 foundation 服务性行业 service trade

在职培训 on-the-job/in-service training 国际劳工组织 International Labor Organization 基础科学 the fundamentals 学分制 the credit system 三学期制 the trimester system 双学士制 a double BA degree system

主副修制 a system of a major field of specialization plus a minor field

教学、科研、生产的"三结合" "3-in-1 combination" involving teaching,research, and production 三结合联合体 tripartite complex

定向招生 students are admitted to be trained for pre-determined employers

包分配 guarantee job aignments 燎原计划 the Prairie Fire Program 示范试点 demonstration pilot project 结合、使加入 incorporate 动员 mobilize 税收 tax revenue

多学科的 multi-disciplinary 重点大学 key university 授予（学士）confer 被授权 be authorized to do

博士后科研流动站 center for post-doctoral studies 专业 speciality

爱国人士 patriotic personage 国家发明奖 National Invention Prize

国家自然科学奖 National Prize for Natural Sciences 国家科技进步奖 National Prize for Progre in Science and Technology

学术报告会，专题讨论会 symposium 记者招待会 pre conference 国家教委主任 Chairman of the State Education Commiion

国家统计局 the State Statistical Bureau

国家教育经费 national expenditure on education 财政拨款 financial allocation

半文盲 semiliterate; functional illiterate 占百分比 account for ...% 专任教师 full-time teacher 资料中心 data center

国际文化交流 intercultural communication

教育方针 guideline(s)/guiding principle(s) for education 教育必须为社会主义现代化服务，必须同生产劳动相结合，培养德智体全面发展的建设者和接班人。

Education must serve the needs of socialist modernization, be integrated with productive labor, and train builders and succeors who are well developed morally, intellectuall and physically.

适应社会主义现代化建设需要，面向二十一世纪，具有中国特色的社会主义教育体系。

a socialist education system with distinct Chinese characteristics that meets the needs of socialist modernization and is oriented to the 21st century 坚持社会主义方向

to keep to the socialist orientation

身体好，学习好，工作好。Keep fit, study hard and work well.

德才兼备 to combine ability with character; equal stre on integrity and ability

成为有理想，有道德，有文化，守纪律的劳动者 to become working people with lofty ideals, moral integrity, education and a sense of discipline 教育要面向现代化，面向世界，面向未来

Gear education to the needs of modernization, the world and the future

爱国主义教育 education in patriotism 国际主义教育 education in internationalism 集体主义教育 education in collectivism 共产主义教育 education in communism 共产主义道德品质 communist ethics

政治思想教育 political and ideological education 五爱（爱祖国、爱人民、爱劳动、爱科学、爱护公物）

"Five Love": love the motherland, the people, labor, and science and take good care of public property. 教书育人 to educate the person as well as impart book knowledge

培养独立分析问题和解决问题的能力

to cultivate the ability to analyze and solve concrete problems independently 启发学生独立思考的能力

to help develop the ability of the students to think things out for themselves 培养学生自学能力

to foster the students' ability to study on their own 发挥学生主动性、创造性 to give scope to the students' initiative and creativene

自学成才 to become educated through independent study

启发式 elicitation method (of teaching); heuristic method

填鸭式教学法 cramming/forced-feeding method of teaching

普及教育 universal education

义务教育 compulsory education; free education 学前教育 preschool education 初等教育 elementary education 中等教育 secondary education 高等教育 higher/tertiary education 普遍教育 general education 成人教育 adult education

职业技术教育 vocational and technical education 国家教育委员会 State Education Commiion 高等学校 institution of higher education 综合性大学 comprehensive university 文科大学 university of liberal arts 文科院校 colleges of art

理工科大学 college/university of science and engineering

师范大学 normal university; teachers' university 师范学院 teachers' college 工业大学 polytechnical university 工业学院 engineering institute 农业大学 agricultural university 农学院 agricultural college 医科大学 medical university 医学院 medical college/school

中医院 institute of traditional Chinese medicine 音乐学院 conservatory of music 美术学院 academy of fine arts 体育学院 physical culture institute 分校 branch school 重点学校 key school 业余学校 spare-time school

业余职工大学 spare-time college for staff and workers 电视广播大学 television and radio broadcasting university

函授学院 correspondence school

教师进修学校 teachers' college for vocational studies 成人夜校 night school for adults 业余艺术/体育学校 amateur arts/athletic school 半工半读学校 part-work and part-study school 中等专业学校 secondary specialized school; polytechnic school

中等技术学校 secondary technical school; technical secondary school

职业学校 vocational school 附中 attached middle school 在职进修班 in-service training course 进修班 cla for advanced studies 短训班 short-term training course 专修科 special (training) course 自学考试 self-taught examination 教职员 teaching and administrative staff 教学人员 the faculty; teaching staff

中、小学校长headmaster/headmistre; principal 大专院校校长 president; chancellor 教务长 dean of studies

（系）主任 chairman; chairperson 副主任 vice-chairman 教授 profeor

副教授 aociate profeor

客座教授 visiting profeor; guest profeor 讲师 lecturer 助教 aistant

专职教师 full-time teacher 兼职教师 part-time teacher

辅导员 aistant for political and ideological work 教研室/组 teaching and research section/group 教学组 teaching group

教员休息室 staff room; common room 母校 Alma Mater 校友 alumnus; alumna

学生会 students' union/aociation

高年级学生 upper/higher grade pupil/student; pupil/student in senior grades

低年级学生 lower grade pupil/student; pupil/student in junior grades

走读生 day student; non-resident student 住宿生 boarder 旁听生 auditor

研究生 graduate student; post-graduate (student) 应届毕业生 graduating student/pupil; this year's graduates

听课 to visit a cla; to sit in on a cla; p to attend a lecture

公开课 open cla 课程 course; curriculum

必修课 required/compulsory course

选修课 elective/optional course 基础课 basic course 专业课 specialized course 课程表 school timetable

课外活动 extracurricular activities 课外辅导 instruction after cla 课外阅读 outside reading 课堂讨论 cla discuion

（大学的）研究小组；讨论会 seminar 教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus 教学内容 content of courses 学习年限 period of schooling 学历 record of formal schooling 学年 school/academic year 学期 (school)term; semester 学分 credit 分数 mark; grade

五分制 the 5-grade marking system 百分制 100-mark system

学习成绩 academic record; school record 成绩单 school report; report card; transcript 毕业论文 thesis; diertation 毕业实习graduation field work 毕业设计 graduation ceremony

毕业典礼 graduation ceremony; commencement 毕业证书 diploma; graduation certificate 毕业鉴定 graduation appraisal

授予某人学位 to confer a degree on sb. 升级 to be promoted to a higher grade 留级 to repeat the year's work; to stay down 补考 make-up examination

升学t o go to a school of a higher grade; to enter a higher school

升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade

奖学金 scholarship

（国家）助学金 (state)stipend/subsidy 领取助学金的学生 a grant-aided student 学费 tuition (fee) 伙食费 board expenses 伙食补助 food allowance

推荐第8篇：口译

1.Ingredients + cooking methods/seasoning 炒：sautéed, stir-fry 宫保鸡丁：sautéed chicken cubes with chili and peanuts=Kung Pao Chicken 炒辣子鸡丁： fried chicken cubes with chili 蚝油牛肉： sliced beef sautéed in oyster sauce 炸：fry 炸猪排：fried pork chop 蒸：steam, braise 清蒸鳜鱼：steamed Mandarin fish 灼：scald 白灼虾：scalded shrimps 炖：stew 糟溜鱼片：stewed fish slices in rice wine 烤：grill, roast, barbecue 丝：shred 鸡丝：shredded chicken; 肉丝： shredded pork 片：slice 鱼片：sliced fish 丁：cube, dice 鸡丁：diced chicken, chicken cubes 末：mince 肉末：minced pork 去皮：peel 虾仁： peeled shrimps 豌豆虾仁：peeled shrimps and green peas 糖醋鱼：fish in sweet and sour sauce 鱼香肉丝：sautéed pork shreds flavored with fish sauce 椒盐排骨：spare ribs with pepper and salt 2.Metaphor 芙蓉虾仁：Cotton rose shrimps? (shrimps with egg white) 红烧狮子头： Lion’s head in brown sauce?! (meat ball in brown sauce) 叫花鸡：beggar’s chicken 燕窝：edible bird‘s nest, cubilose 雪蛤：White clam 3.literal translation+Story-telling 叫花鸡：beggar’s chicken (…) 麻婆豆腐: Ma-po tofu (it was invented by a pock-marked grandma.) 佛跳墙：Fotiaoqiang/Buddha Jumping Over the Wall (a famous Chinese dish) 冷盘 Hors d’Oeuvres, cold plates 六小碟 appetizer 海蛰 jellyfish 墨鱼

cuttlefish 鱿鱼

squid 芹菜

celery 西兰花

broccoli 菠菜

spinach 芦笋

asparagus 鱼子酱 caviar 饺子 Chinese ravioli 汤圆 sweet dumpling 豆制品 bean product 珍馐美味 choice delicacies 白酒、烈酒 strong spirit / liquor 黄酒 rice wine 鲜嫩 tender and fresh 脆 crisp, crunchy 烹调原料 ingredient 菜谱 recipe 四大菜系 four major cuisines 工作午宴 自助餐 busine luncheon buffet 用餐举止、餐桌礼仪 table manners 素菜 vegetarian food 点心

dim sum 转盘

lazy Susan 接风洗尘宴 a welcoming banquet 饯行宴

a farewell banquet 明菜、特色菜

specialty 干杯

bottoms up 和…一起吃、蘸着吃 …to go with…

推荐第9篇：口译

关键词：英语专业、口译教学、存在问题、解决办法

科技的发展与各国间交往的日益密切使口译越来越发挥着举足轻重的作用，中国的改革开放政策以及加入世贸组织、获得奥运会、世博会举办权等也要求有大量合格口译员的出现。近年来，我们欣喜的看到口译作为一门实用性学科在大学英语专业课程设置中已占有一席之地；但与此同时，一个不容回避的事实是，当前的口译教学中还存在着种种问题亟待解决。作为学生期望值最高，最希望从中学到大量实用型知识的课程，实际情况是，在课程结束后学生纷纷抱怨所得甚少，与目标值相差太远。下文中笔者将对现存的问题进行分析，并探讨可能的解决方法与途径。

一、口译教学中存在的问题及成因。

当前存在的问题可以用一句话来概括：教学质量良莠不齐。

分析其原因，可以归纳为以下几点：

1、教学定位不明。

这里所说的教学定位包括两个方面，一是课程本身的定位；二是对于课程受众，即学生的定位。目前几乎所有高校的英语专业都开设了口译课，但对于口译课最终要达到的效果和实现的目标却并非都有清晰定位。个别院校只是盲目跟风，对于本课程缺乏足够的认识，不是从本校学生实际水平出发编写教学大纲及采用教材，而是简单照搬其他院校。

2、教学方法不够科学。

刘和平教授曾在20世纪90年代初期对几所重点外语高等院校的法语口译教学进行了考察，他将当时的口译教学归纳成四大类：一是完全停留在口语教学层面，口语训练后将其内容逐字逐句翻译成外语或母语；二是作为语言教学训练的补充手段通过逐句“翻译”达到对语言的完全掌握；三是笔译的口语化，即把事先准备好的文字拿到课堂上进行口头翻译；四是“背诵”，即事先准备上课要翻译的内容，学生在课前几乎可以记忆和背诵所有内容，课堂练习实际上是记忆背诵比赛。

我们可以清晰的看到，刘教授所作的虽然是十几年前对于法语口译教学的调查，但在当前高校的英语口译教学中，上面所列举的方式仍然被广泛采用。

3、重视程度不够。

从学生的语言能力考虑，口译课程往往设置在大三或者大四，这是合理的。但作为一门专业主干课程和需要大量实践的课程，当前存在的一个普遍现象是口译课程只安排一个学期，34个课时。在这样短的时间内要使学生掌握这门课程，大多数教师都感到力有不逮，最终只能浮光掠影式的做一些讲解。其次，在教师配置上也存在误区。个别学校以为口译与笔译一样，都是翻译，因此请没有任何口译经验的笔译教师身兼二职，结果直接导致授课效果不佳。再次，因为教学资源紧张，学生往往30－40个人组成一个班上课，违背了口译需小班教学的原则；且多媒体支持程度不够。

二、解决方法与途径

根据上文指出的几点问题成因，现提出解决方案如下：

1、

根据学生实际制订切实可行的教学大纲并采用合适的教材。

桔生江南则为桔，桔生江北则为枳。同样的教纲，同样的教材，同样的师资，在某地可能大获成功，易地而处则很有可能铩羽而归。学生是教学的基本出发点，教学工作应该做到“以人为本”。具体的说就是不能搞一刀切，不能照搬照抄其他院校的经验。作为授课教师，首先要了解学生的总体水平，并由此制订科学的教学大纲，为培养什么样的人才定性，由此决定是以商务口译为主，以会议口译为主，以陪同口译为主或兼收并包，涵盖主要方向，平均用力。为了实现这个目标，在教材选择上也应下一番功夫。当前市场上关于口译的教材几达百种，而且每年还有大量的新教材继续涌入，其中鱼龙混杂，有用心之作，也有草就之作。教师应该根据实际情况进行挑选；另外，在选定教材后，还是应该从实际出发，有所舍弃有所保留，没有必要毫无遴选的采用所有内容，而应在必要时自编教材进行补充与扩展以达到最佳授课效果。如果学生普遍程度不高，则应在保证质量的前提下大胆以自编教材为主，其他教材为辅。

2、口译训练是一种技能训练，因此在口译教学中也必须以提高学生的双语转换技能为出发点，而不是单纯的纠正学生语言方面的错误。

在教学方法这方面，我们可以从以下几个方面来入手：首先，要引入口译准备课程。所谓口译准备课程，是指与口译相关的，学生在进行正式口译学习前所需掌握的课程，这些课程包括：演讲技巧的训练（包括语音语调、台风台貌、与观众的交流等）、口译的礼仪、职业操守等。先期学习这些课程会对学生很快进入口译的角色起到帮助作用。其次，在教学中应该注意专题与技能技巧的结合，不能两张皮。现行的大部分教材都以专题为编写出发点，这样做的好处是有利于学生在短时间内熟悉某一话题或某一领域，但与此同时，理论技巧的讲述也势必变得较为分散和凌乱；而另外一些以技能技巧为出发点编写的教材则在较好的解决了这一问题的同时带来了另一个弊端，单纯的理论或者技能技巧讲解略显枯燥，学生不易于接受。面对这种情况，教师可以采取的应对方式是将专题练习与技能讲解有机结合，不同时期侧重不同。在口译课程的初期，可结合实例偏重于技巧技能讲解，待学生掌握了一定理论和技能后，则可以引入精心设计的某一专题，将所学理论技能付诸实施，从而学以致用，加深理解。

其次，在教学中一定要注意发挥学生的主观能动性，对学生积极诱导，以鼓励为主。

再次，在教学中要综合种种方法增强拟真性，如模拟谈判、模拟陪同参观某一景点等，必须竭尽全力营造一种现场感，为学生日后进入社会真正口译打下基础。

最后，除了任课教师授课之外，还应创造条件多请外界专家学者以及具有丰富实践的口译者前来讲座。 关于教学的策略与技巧拟另专文讨论，此不赘述。

3、有条件的学校一定要实施小班教学，学生数以每班15－20人为宜，这样每位学生都可以得到相对充裕的锻炼机会，教师也能对个人提供比较充分的指导。教学地点可灵活多变，需要通过多媒体放映视听素材或记录学生练习过程时可在语音实验室或多媒体教室授课，需要进行班级模拟练习时则可选择普通教室甚至其他场所授课。对于本课程的重视程度必须提高，要避免为开课而开课，走形式、走过场的情况，口译课程以上两个学期为宜，每学期课时不应少于40节，只有保证时间，才能保证质量，实践已一再证明了这一点。另外，教师本身也是确保课程质量的关键因素。“教师必须了解口译的每一环节，必须具备预测口译困难的能力，而且有能力提出有效的方法或策略加以解决（或者，最起码有能力示范应如何进行口译）。甚至，对某些已得到证实的研究，应进一步提示条理化的口译原则或通则，并在教学中加以证实并广泛应用”杨承淑教授的这段话对教师的资质提出了明确要求。不难看出，一位口译教师本人必须是一位优秀（至少合格）的译员并具有相当丰富的经验。虽然同属翻译，确实具有不少共通并且可相互借鉴之处，口译与笔译毕竟存在诸多差别，一位合格的口译未必可以成为一位合格的笔译，反之亦然。因此，请一位经验匮乏的笔译教师或者其他课程教师来教授口译几乎等同于问道于盲，首先，学生不能信服，其次，所教内容也必定局限于单纯的理论而缺乏实践的支撑。理想的状况是，担当口译课程的教师在教学的同时还能不间断的进行口译实践，然后把从实战中总结的经验教训引入课堂。

结语：任何事物的发展都有一个从不成熟走向成熟，从不完善走向逐步完善的过程。口译教学亦是如此。我们有理由为已经取得的成就感到自豪与宽慰；但与此同时，只有正视当前口译教学中存在的种种问题，再根据其不同特点与要求分别应对，我们的口译教学才能上一个台阶，才能培养出更多的合格口译人才，为新的国际形势下中国与外界的交流贡献自己的一份力量。

翻译中的“部分功能对等”与“功能相似”

提要：本文讨论了奈达博士的“功能对等”和“功能相似”理论，认为“对等”应是译文和原文在三种言语行为上的对等。“等效”即“效果对等”也应是“效”与“果”，即言外之力和言后之果，皆“对等”。由于“功能对等” 把目标预设得太高，跟“信、达、雅”一样都是翻译的上限标准，它并没有真正解决“信”和“顺”即准确和通顺的矛盾。从一些已被广泛接受的词语的固定译法看，当找不到真正的“对等”译法时，还应有诸如“部分功能对等”和“功能相似”的下限标准。

关键词：功能对等，等效翻译，部分功能对等，功能相似

Abstract: In translation, real “equivalence”, if ever exists, should refer to the equivalence in all the three speech acts in SL and TL.Thus, “functional equivalence” is not only the equivalence in either “impact” or “response”, but should be in both of them.In fact, the aim for “functional equivalence” is too high and hard to achieve.In practice, as the generally accepted translated terms cited in this paper shows, what a translator always looks for is only “partial functional equivalence” or “functional similarity”, when real “functional equivalence” cannot be achieved.

Key words: functional equivalence, equivalent effect, partial functional equivalence, functional similarity

奈达博士在1964年发表的《翻译科学初探》一书中提出了两种不同类型的对等：形式对等(formal equivalence)和动态对等(dynamic equivalence)。后来他又把“动态对等”改为“功能对等”（functional equivalence)。这“对等”理论在我国译学界引起了很大反响。

本来，奈达的“对等”理论与严复的“信、达、雅”标准并没有质的区别。首先，他们都非常重视接受者。奈达的“动态对等”原则要求译文“接受者和译文之间的关系，应该与原文接受者和原文信息之间的关系基本相同”(Nida,1964:159)。严复在“《天演论》译例言”中提出“信、达、雅”时将 “信”摆在首位，但又明确指出“顾信矣不达，虽译犹不译也”，并认为“译者将全文神理，融会于心，则下笔抒词，自善自备”。也就是说，他的“信、达、雅” 原则要求译者用接受者所易于接受的通顺晓畅的语言忠实地将原文的意思传达给译文读者。其次，“对等”和“信达雅”都是翻译标准的上限，正如金隄先生所说， “不论是‘信达雅’或是‘等值’或是‘神似’，指的都是理想的目标”。（金隄，1989：11）

然而，奈达理论的推崇者们至少认为“对等”原则在以下两个方面优于“信达雅”标准：

（一）“对等”理论比“信达雅”原则更明确、更具科学性；

（二） “动态对等”概念对“直译和自由译之争，提供了一个令人信服的答案”（金隄，1989：15）；使准确和通顺“不是鱼和熊掌”，“二者必须兼而有之”（金隄，1989：107 &115）。

本文拟就这两方面的问题进行一些探讨：一是如何理解“对等”理论；二是“功能对等”作为翻译的上限标准，是否还应有些与之相对应的下限标准，如“部分功能对等”（partial functional equivalence） 或“功能相似”（functional similarity）？

一、“对等”与“等效”

金隄先生在《等效翻译探讨》一书中认为，“对等是一个科学描述性的概念，比文艺派喜欢用的‘忠实’、‘信’客观一些。” “ ‘对等’ 不涉及译者的态度，概念比较明确一些”。（金隄，1989：21）（严复）“实际上已经意识到等效问题。然而他没有把这点意识发展成为明确的指导原则，理论上形成一个漏洞„ „”。（金隄，1989：27） 劳陇先生也认为，“严复的‘信、达、雅’说，实际上并没有构成完整的翻译理论。他老先生当日写《例言》那篇文章，也并不有志为翻译理论家，他只是根据他翻译《天演论》的经验，谈谈自己的心得体会而已”。“奈达博士似乎比严老先生就要高明一些，或者说，明确一些了。”（劳陇，1990）总之，许多推崇“功能对等”理论的学者都认为它比“信、达、雅”更明确、更科学。

然而，这一“明确”、“科学”的概念到底要求如何“对等”，怎么检验对等不对等？对此问题，我国译学界尚存在着许多疑问和争论。

现在许多学者将奈达的equivalence译成“等值”，并认为他是最受人注意的西方等值论学者。然而，“何为值”？“什么叫等值”？译学界许多人都提出了疑问。董史良先生认为 ：“equivalence 在自然科学中译为‘等值’，是指‘量值’或‘效应’大小方面的‘等’。在某些学科中也就只译为‘类’、‘代’而已。西方人把它应用到翻译中，传入我国后不知怎的译为‘等值’。于是就有人便在‘等值’上做文章。„ „ 在翻译中就存在‘不可译’的现象。这其中何曾有那么多的‘等值’可言？”（董史良，1997）由此可见，译学界对“等值”这一译法或提法是存有异议的。

至于“等效翻译”，则是金隄先生的提法。金隄先生在《等效翻译探讨》一书中对奈达的“动态对等”或“功能对等”作了充分肯定，但又对奈达的一些说法提出批评，并提出了自己的“等效”概念：

“„ „ 奈达谈信息和接受者之间的关系时，有时提译文对接受者的作用（impact），有时提接受者对译文的反应（response），并不加以区别，其它理论家也有类似情况，可是奈达还进一步突出反应。例如，《翻译的理论和实践》一书对功能对等下定义就是从反应角度下的，并且还进一步强调，译文仅仅使接受者理解是不够的，还必须能使他们‘以行动作出反应。’

„ „ 每个接受者如何反应，如何行动，还牵涉许多个人的主客观因素，我们研究翻译的过程似乎没有必要涉及，因此，我们这里的‘效果’，只包括信息对接受者的作用（即接受者的感受），不包括接受者的反应。”（金隄，1989：17-18）

奈达在《翻译的理论和实践》一书中从反应角度给动态对等下定义，确实有点失之偏颇。瞿秋白曾在“苦力的翻译”一文中引用了一篇波兰小说中的片段：一个坐轿子的外国人要中国苦力再抬得快一点，他对“西崽”说“我给他们每人二两银子”，而“西崽”却翻译成外国人发火了，说再不快抬就要到衙门去告状。秋白尖锐地说，“这些轿夫苦力的确请到了一个‘好’翻译。虽然这个翻译是西崽，他却译得很顺，虽然这个翻译译得很错，可是他译得很顺。”但是，这样的翻译“苦力实在不需要他”！（引自陈福康 ，1992：310）“苦力”听到“告状”跟听到“给他们每人二两银子”的感受肯定是不一样的。但若只强调听者的反应，难道假如听到“要到衙门告状”，苦力们的反应跟听到“给二两银子”一样都是“快抬”，这句话就译得与原话“功能对等”了吗？

然而，金隄先生提出的“等效”概念，“只包括信息对接受者的作用（即接受者的感受），不包括接受者的反应”也不够全面。如果说“每个接受者如何反应，如何行动，还牵涉到许多个人因素”，那么同一话语对每个接受者的作用（即每个接受者的反应）难道就都一样，不牵涉到个人因素了吗？

根据奥斯汀（Austin）的言语行为理论，即言语行为三分说，说话人说出一个句子总是同时表现出三种言语行为：言内行为即“言之发 “（locutionary act）,言外行为即“示言外之力”( illocutionary act)和言后行为即“收言后之果”（perlocutionary act）。显然，译者若只注重原文的言内行为，译文往往会只拘泥于“形式对等”，由于社会文化背景不同，在译文里原文的言外之意，往往无法得到准确转达，意思往往会被扭曲。“功能对等”给我们的启示就在于应注意译文对接受者的作用和接受者的反应，即注意使译文能示接近于原文的言外之力，取得与原文相似的言后之果。

总之，真正的“对等”应该是译文和原文在语篇的三种言语行为上的“对等”。按照金

隄先生“效果”概念的提法，“等效”应该是指“效果对等”。根据《现代汉语词典》（商务印书馆，1996年修订本）的解释，“效”就是“效果、功用”，而 “效果”是“由某种力量、做法或因素产生的后果”。由此看来，金隄先生说的“我们这里的‘效果’，只包括信息对接受者的作用（即接受者的感受），而不包括接受者的反应”，在措词上似乎就有点不够严密。“效果”一词《汉英词典》（外研社，1995年修订版）译为“effect, result”。这就是说，“效”（effect）指的是语篇所示的言外之力，“果”（result）则指言后之果。因此，真正的“等效”就是“效果对等”，译成英语应是“equivalent effect and result”,而不只是“equivalent effect”。

二、“部分功能对等”与“功能相似”

“信、达、雅”是“译事三难”，是翻译的上限标准。在很多情况下，人们都认为“信”和“达”不可兼得。因此会有“信而不顺”和“顺而不信”之争。对此问题，鲁迅先生在三十年代就对“顺而不信”大张挞伐，旗帜鲜明地提出“宁信而勿顺”的原则。

金隄先生在《等效翻译探索》一书中认为，“等效翻译”为解决“信”与“顺”的矛盾找到了一把金钥匙。他在该书第三部分“准确与通顺的关系”中专门写了一章，题为“不是鱼和熊掌”，认为准确和通顺不可割裂，“二者不可兼得”原来是一个错觉，应“明确地提出要求：既要准确，又要通顺，二者必须兼而有之”。

对此，我们认为有必要提出这样一些问题：“信、达、雅”是“译事三难”，那么“功能对等”是难？是易？它是否对“直译和自由译之争，提供了一个令人信服的答案”？是否有了“功能对等”这一原则，准确和通顺的矛盾就迎刃而解了？它是否也需要一个下限标准？

其实，要做到在三种言语行为上的对等，或者如王佐良教授所说，“真正的对等应该是在各自文化里的含义、作用、范围、情感色彩、影响等等都相当”（王佐良，1989：19），实在不容易。

“功能对等”（或“等效翻译”）把目标预设得太高，仿佛在目的语中原来就存在了原语篇的“对等”语篇，只待人们去寻找。其实，真正能严格做到“功能对等”的情况并不多。在多数情况下，人们往往只能退而求其次，在两种语言（尤其是在汉语和西方语言）之间找到部分功能对等或功能相似的近似说法。也就是说，“功能对等”如果没有诸如“部分功能对等”或“功能相似”的下限标准，人们一旦找不到真正“对等”的说法，就要转而相信“不可译论”。

例如，在外贸英语中，“bill of lading” 实际上有三个作用：

（一）船主开出的收据，

（二）船主和托运人之间的运输合同，

（三）物权凭证，在货物到达目的港后凭此单据可提货。然而，“bill of lading ” 译成汉语时只译出其第三个作用（当然也是最重要的作用）——“提单”，其它两个作用根本没法译出。因此，二者之间实际上只有“部分功能对等”。

一般说来，译文若能与原文“功能对等”，也就能做到“信”与“达”，但有时也不尽然。从一些已被广泛接受的词语的译法可以看出，寻找“对等说法”的标准与“信”的标准有时也会难以兼顾。例如，英语的“Royal”一词译成中文都成了“皇家”，如“the Royal Society”译成“（英国）皇家协会”等。英国的君主是国王或女王，而中国封建社会的君主则是皇帝，“王”只是一种最高爵位。之所以将Royal译为 “皇家”，显然是因为英国的国王或女王是同日本的天皇或中国以前的皇帝“对等”的，若译为“王家”则恐有降格之嫌。但这样译并不“信”，有时也会产生误导，使中国读者以为英国也有“皇帝”。

有时由于对译文的准确性即“信”的要求非常高，译者只好在译文中把原文的词语照录，或在作了“功能相似”的翻译后再把原文加括号置于其后，这种做法英语叫transference ,有别于translation。汉译时人们还常常先采用谐音译，然后再将原文置于括号内。鲁迅先生的杂文中就常采用这种方法，如“费厄泼赖（Fair play）”等。这种transference 在学术论文中尤其经常使用，便于读者准确理解原文，检索原材料，深入进行研究，但显然谈不上在两种语言中“功能对等”。目前 internet 该算是最时髦的新名词之一。开始时有很多中文译名，如 “网际网络”、“互联网”、“网间网”、“网际网”、“国际互联网”等，有人则在译文中直接照抄internet 一词，不作任何翻译，采用transference 。现在我国全国科学技术名词审定委员会已采用谐音译法，将其译为“因特网”。实际上，即使在非常接近的两种西方语言中，为了准确，也往往因为找不到真正 “功能对等”的词而需要借词。例如，“吨”法语是tonne ,相应的英语词就是ton。然而，法语的tonne表示1000公斤，而英语的ton 虽可以也是1000公斤，但美国人见到ton时往往会想到“美吨”（即“短吨”short ton），等于2000磅，约907.2公斤；英国人则会以为是英吨（即“长吨”long ton），等于2240磅，约1016公斤。因此，为了不引起歧义，欲表示1000公斤，有时还得说成metric ton，或借用法语词tonne。因此，法语词tonne 也进入了英语词典。

有些东西外文和中文的说法表面上看起来似乎完全对等，但经不起仔细推敲。例如，英语的white ant , 法语叫fourmi blanche, 与汉语的“白蚁”完全对等。然而，white ant 是一种误称，正确的称法应是 termite。如Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English对termite 一词的释义是“insect (popularly but wrongly called white ant )„ ”。“白蚁”属昆虫纲，等翅目；而“蚂蚁”属昆虫纲，膜翅目。白蚁形状象蚂蚁，但不是蚂蚁的一个种类。因此，“白蚁”非“蚁”，它本身是一个误称。英语的 termite 是正确的称法，法语的对等词仍是termite ，而在现代汉语中却没有对等词，只能还是用“白蚁”这一误称将就译之，但termite 与“白蚁”并不真的对等。

有些在不同的西方语言中完全“对等”的词，在汉语中则只能找到“部分功能对等”的说法。例如，英语的tomato 一词译成法语是tomate ，两个词意思完全相同，“功能对等”，而译成汉语则有两个名称——“西红柿”和“番茄”。有人可能会不假思索地说，“西红柿”就是“番茄”，“番茄”就是 “西红柿”，它们都是tomato的对等词。然而，实际情况是，“西红柿”和“番茄”两个词本身就不对等。在美国，顾客到商店买东西一般都得另外上税。但有的州规定，一些基本生活必需品可以免税，如买蔬菜不上税，买水果则必须上税。因此，tomato 到底是蔬菜还是水果就牵涉到要不要上税，成了一个法律问题。据说，1893年，在美国的最高法院里，人们还搬出词典来确定到底tomato 是蔬菜还是水果。（转引自Bejoint, 1994:123）对这个问题，我们感兴趣的是，tomato 译成法语不必介入“蔬菜”“水果”之争，而译成汉语却得介入。因为“西红柿”中的“柿”是水果，而“番茄”中的“茄”则是蔬菜。不管将tomato 译为“西红柿”或“番茄”，都只能是“部分功能对等”。 1994:123） 王佐良教授曾指出，“在翻译工作里，也必须注意语言与社会场合的关系”。“例如翻译请帖、通知、布告、规章、病历与病情公告之类的‘应用文体’，译者应该知道在译文里怎样寻找到相等的内行的格式和说法。‘油漆未干’必须译成英文的Wet paint，而不应是 ‘The paint is not dry’ 之类的外行话”。“换言之，在这些地方就不能照汉语字面直译，而必须要寻找适合于英语国家同样场合的‘对等说法’”（王佐良，1989：11）。

然而，由于社会文化、风俗习惯以及各国不同法规之间的差异，翻译此类“应用文体”时，有时采用一些“功能相似”的说法，也是无可厚非的。例如，我国的交通标语“一慢二看三通过”，吴光华主编的《汉英大词典》直译为“slow down, look around, and cro”，而《英语学习》1986年第八期发表的伊槟的“商标、告示及其它”一文则认为：“‘一慢二看三通过’就是‘STOP’。并不是叫车子就此停下不动，而是要求先停下来，再起步。这样就可保证免于撞车。这标志常见于小路进入大路或与大路交叉的地方，鲜明醒目。咱们的一二三式歌诀，韵味很足，惜乎等到看清楚这七个字，车子怕早已冲过头去。”显然，两种译法各有得有失。《汉英大词典》的译法虽准确地把原文的形式和意思用英语表达出来，但略嫌太长，比七个中文字还更难以看清楚，而且在英语国家也没有这种“slow down, look around, and cro”的交通标志。和它最接近的说法确实是“STOP”。英语国家中的“STOP”标志当然不能译为“停”，因为“STOP”标志要求开车人先把车停稳，看清楚另一条路上有没有过往车辆或行人，等别人通过后再开车，与我们的“一慢二看三通过”确实很相似。不同之处在于，在没有红绿灯的路口，开车人一看到“STOP”标志，即使周围并无别的车辆或行人，也必须把车刹稳后再开，否则就算违反交通规则。而我国在这种情况下则没有必须把车停稳的要求。因此，虽然“一慢二看三通过”和“STOP”给接受者的“感受”差不多，都是“礼让”，“注意交通安全”等，“反应”也很相似，但它们毕竟只是“功能相似”，而不是“功能对等”。

当然，我们所说的“部分功能对等”，指的是最基本、最重要部分的对等。如bill of lading 中作为可提货的物权凭证这最重要的部分与“提单”对等。我们所说的“功能相似”，也应是最基本、最主要特征的相似。在寻找“对等”或“相似”说法时，要特别警惕“假朋友”（false friend）, 切不可望文生义。例如，把“金砖”译成“gold brick”就属于这类错误。因为现在英美人说 gold brick 指的都是“假金砖”，“赝品”。[1] 显然，在翻译时多考虑“功能相似”的译法，将有助于避免因逐字死译产生的偏差。例如，我国几乎所有词典都将“挂号信”译成“registered letter”，其实美国英语中与“挂号信”功能相似的说法应该是“certified mail”，而“registered mail”的功能对等的说法则是“保价信”。[2]

本文只从一些名称的译法入手，对“功能对等”或“等效翻译”进行了初步探讨。文中所举的一些例子说明，“对等”、“等效”与“信、达、雅”标准一样都是译事之大难。在使用不同语言的国家中，由于社会、经济、文化、宗教等诸多方面存在着很大差异，要在两种语言中找到真正“功能对等”的表达法实属不易。这一点在汉语和西方语言的对译方面尤其明显。

文中所举的许多词语的译法已被广泛接受，成了固定译法。其实它们也只是“部分功能对等”或“功能相似”，并非完全“功能对等”。只有意识到这一点，对译文才能有个切合实际的合理的评判标准，译者在“山穷水尽疑无路”时，才可能找到“柳暗花明又一村”。

总之，不管人们对“功能对等”理论的看法如何，“功能对等”还是给了我们一些不可否认的重要启示：翻译工作者在掌握两种语言的同时，还要掌握好两种不同文化和其它必要的知识，多考虑寻找在另一种语言中最接近的“对等”或“相似”说法，翻译时才能左右逢源。

主要参考文献:

陈福康，1992，《中国译学理论史稿》，上海： 上海外语教育出版社。

董史良，1997，“对当前翻译理论的思考”，《中国翻译》第6期。

金隄，1989，《等效翻译探索》，北京： 中国对外翻译出版公司。

劳陇，1990，“‘殊途同归’——试论严复、奈达和纽马克翻译理论的一致性”，《外国语》第5期。

王佐良，1989，《翻译：思考与试笔》，北京：外语教学与研究出版社。

Bejoint, Henry.1994.Tradition and Innovation in Modern English Dictionaries.Oxford: Clarendon Pre.

Nida, E.A.1964.Toward a Science of Translating.Leiden: E.J.Brill.

Nida, E.A.And C.R.Taber.1969.The Theory and Practice of Translation.Leiden: E.J.Brill.

Nida.E,A.1993.Language, Culture and Translating.Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Pre.

推荐第10篇：口译

美国总统尼克松第一次访华时的祝酒词

1总理先生，今晚在座的诸位贵宾：

我谨代表所有的美国客人向你们表示感谢，感谢你们无与伦比的盛情款待。中国人民正是以这种人情好客而闻名世界。//我不仅要对那些准备了这次盛大晚宴的人们表示敬意，还要对那些演奏这么美妙音乐的人们表示敬意。我在国外从来没听到过演奏得这么好的美国音乐。// 总理先生，我要感谢您所做的热情洋溢而又令人信服的讲话。此时此刻，通过现代通信的奇迹，看到和听到我们讲话的人比整个世界历史上任何其他这样的场合都要多。// 不过，我们在这里讲的话，人们不会长久记住，但我们在这里所做的事情却能改变世界。// 正如您在祝酒词里讲的那样，中国人民是伟大的人民，美国人民是伟大的人民。如果我们两国人民互相为敌的话，那么我们共同居住的这个世界的前途就真的是黯淡了。//但是，如果我们能够找到进行合作的共同点，那么实现世界和平的机会就不可估量地增加了。

Mr.Prime Minister and all of your distinguished guests this evening: On behalf of all of your American-guests, I wish to thank you for the incomparably hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world.I particularly want to pay tribute, not only to those who prepared the magnificent dinner, but also to those who have provided the splendid music.Never have I heard American music played better in a foreign land.Mr.Prime Minister, I wish to thank you for your very gracious and eloquent remarks.At this very moment, through the wonder of telecommunications, more people are seeing and hearing what we say than on any other such occasion in the whole history of the world.Yet, what we say here will not be long remembered.What we do here can change the world.As you said in your toast, the Chinese people are a great people, the American people are a great people.If our two peoples are enemies the future of this world we share, together is dark indeed.But if we can find common ground to work together, the chance for world peace is immeasurably increased.

……

本着这种精神，我请求各位同我一起举杯，为毛主席、为周总理，为能够为全世界人民带来友谊与和平的中美人民的友谊，干杯！

In that spirit, I ask all of you present to join me in raising your glaes to Chairman Mao, to Prime Minister Chou, and to the friendship of the Chinese and American people which can lead to friendship and peace for all people in the world.

2 市长先生阁下，中国朋友们，女士们，先生们: 这是我首次访问你们这座美丽的城市，我为此深感荣幸。我愿借此机会，代表我们代表团的全体成员，对我们东道主的盛情邀请，对我们一踏上这块充满魅力的土地便受到的友好款待，向东道主表示真诚的感谢。// 与此同时，我很高兴这次访问给予我一次极好的机会，向市长先生和广州人民转达我国政府和人民的热烈问候和诚挚的良好祝愿。虽然我们远隔万里，但贵国唐朝的一位诗人说得好，“海内存知己，天涯若比邻。”//

Your Honor Mr.Mayor, My Chinese friends, Ladies and gentlemen, I feel honored to come here on my first visit to your beautiful city.On behalf of all the members of my miion, I would like to take this opportunity to expre our sincere thanks to our host for their earnest invitation and gracious hospitality we have received since we set foot on this charming land.I am also very happy that this visit has given me an excellent opportunity to convey to you and to the people of Shanghai warm greetings and sincere good wishes of the government and people of my country.Although we live a distance of tens of thousands miles between us, "Long distance separates no bosom friends," as one of your Tang poets said.

最后，我此行的又一项重要任务是向广州市长面呈访问我市的正式邀请，希望市长先生在其方便的时候访问法兰克福市，以便使我们能有机会来回报我们在这里受到的热情款待。// 我非常珍惜我们两座城市之间的密切关系，我也非常重视我们作为你们最重要的贸易伙伴之一所享有的地位。// 尽管近年来世界经济处于不景气的状态，我们之间的经济合作和贸易额却一直在稳步增长。我们真诚地希望彼此之间继续密切合作，发展我们的友好关系，确保我们在经济、金融和贸易方面的合作持续增长。// 请允许我借此机会，祝愿市长先生，祝愿出席今晚招待会的所有中国朋友，身体健康！谢谢各位。// Last but not the least, I would like to extend in person our official invitation to the mayor of Shanghai.We would like His Honor to visit the city of San Francisco at his earliest convenience, so as to give us an opportunity to return the warm reception and hospitality we enjoy here.

I greatly cherish the close relationship between our two cities.I also greatly value the position we enjoy as one of your most important artners.In spite of the worldwide economic receion in recent years, there has been a steady growth in our economic cooperation and trade volume.It is our sincere wish that we continue to work closely together to enhance our friendly relationship and to ensure a sustained growth in our economic, financial and trade cooperation.On the occasion of this reception, I wish Mr.Mayor and all our Chinese friends present here tonight good health! 3尊敬的约旦副首相穆罕默德•哈拉伊格阁下，尊敬的各位来宾，各位朋友，女士们，先生们：

值此第五届中国投资贸易洽谈会召开之际，我谨代表中国政府，向来自世界各地的嘉宾表示热烈欢迎！

自1997 年以来，中国已经成功地举办了四届投资贸易洽谈会。// 投资贸易洽谈会在宣传中国利用外资政策，促进外商来华投资，引导中国企业到海外投资等方面发挥了重要作用。 Your Excellency Mohammed Al-Halaiqah, Deputy Prime Minister of Jordan Distinguished guests, Dear friends,Ladies and Gentlemen,

On the occasion of the Fifth China International Fair for Investment and Trade, I would like, on behalf of the Chinese government, to extend my warm welcome to all distinguished guests coming from all over the world.

Ever since 1997, China has held four succeful International Fair for Investment and Trade.The Fair has played an important role in publicizing China's policies on foreign investment attraction, promoting foreign capital inflow and guiding Chinese companies to make overseas investment.4张先生、各位女土、各位先生： 本人谨代表所有参与此次研讨会的外国人员，向您表达最诚挚的谢意，感谢您对我们温暖而亲切的欢迎。// 从我抵此的短暂时间所见的点滴来看。我必须说中国是个很美丽的国家，人民也非常友善。我知道我可以代表每一个人来说这话，因为从到达机场那一刻开始，就有许多能干且考虑周到的人来处理我们的各种琐碎事情，使得整个紧张的旅程变得轻松愉快，你们提供的食宿非常舒适，研讨会场的布置也轻松合宜，却又井然有序。// Mr.Zhang, ladies and gentlemen:

On behalf of the foreign guests attending this workshop, let me say a most sincere thank you for your warm and gracious welcome.// From the little I've seen in the short time when I've been here.I'd have to say China is a very beautiful country and your people are very friendly.I know that I can speak for everyone when I say that, from the moment when we arrived at the airport, there have been many helpful and considerate people to take care of all the little things that make the difference between a hectic and a relaxing trip.The accommodations you have provided are very comfortable and the setting for this workshop is relaxed, yet busine like.

对全世界电脑工业界而言，这是令人兴奋的时刻，我们很高兴能有这个机会来参加研讨会，谢谢你们的邀请和热情接待。// This is an exciting time for the computer industry worldwide, and we are excited to have the opportunity to participate in this workshop.Thank you for the invitation and the warm reception.5各位嘉宾，各位朋友，女士们，先生们：

金秋十月，我们迎来了第86 届中国出口商品交易会，迎来了来自五湖四海的嘉宾朋友。// 改革开放20 多年来，广东的对外贸易得到了长足的发展，进出口总值平均每年递增24.6%，1998 年广东外贸出口总值达到了757.2 亿美元，占全国出口总值的41.2%。广东省本年度的进出口总额达1300 亿美元，占全国净出口总额的40.1%。

In this golden autumn season of october ,we welcome in guangzhou the opening of the 86th seion of china export commodity fair and our guests and friends from all over the world .Over the past two decades since the reform and opening up of china , the foreign trade of guangdong province has made great strides and rapid development .The annual average total value of imports and exports was increased by 24.6%.And in 1998, the total value of foreign trade and exports in guangdong province reached $75.72 billion , accounting for 41.2 percent of the total for china., and the total value of imports and exports in guangdong was $130 billion , equivalent to 40.1 percent of china's total. 我代表广东交易团，竭诚邀请给位客商前来洽谈贸易和投资，并预祝第86 届中国出口商品交易会圆满成功！// on behalf of the guangdong trade delegation , i cordially invite you businemen to have trade talks with us and to invest here in guangdong, and congratulate everyone beforehand on the complete succe of the 86th seion of the china export commodity fair. 6女士们，先生们：

我非常高兴能在此会见来自大洋彼岸的加拿大商业界的朋友。“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎。”这句话可以表达我此时此刻的心情。//

中国政府十分重视同加拿大双边经贸关系的发展，并且非常赞赏加中贸易理事会为加强我们这两个伟大的国家商业界的联系而做出的努力和起到的桥梁作用。我感谢理事会所有成员为促进加中贸易做出的努力。// 加拿大是一个工业发达、资源丰富的国家，中国则是一个劳动力充足、市场巨大的国家。我们希望看到加拿大的企业能够充分利用自己在技术和财力上的优势，赢得中国市场。// I am very pleased to meet here with my friends from the Canadian busine community who have come all the way from the other side of the pacific .My current feeling can best be expreed by an Chinese greeting : " how delightful i am t have friends coming from afar" he Chinese government attaches great importance to the development of bilateral economic and trade relations with canada and appreciates the efforts made by the Canadian-Chinese trade council serving as a bridge linking the busine communities of our two great nations.I commend all the members of the council for their efforts in promoting trade with china .Canada is a country with well-developed industries and abundant resources , while china has a plentiful supply of labor and a potentially huge markets .We hope to see Canadian enterprises make full of their technical and financial advantages and compete well in the Chinese market.7总统先生, 克林顿夫人， 女士们，先生们：

我感谢克林顿总统的邀请，怀着愉快的心情对美国进行国事访问。我要借此机会，向伟大的美国人民转达十二亿中国人民的诚挚问候和良好祝愿。

十八年前，邓小平先生在这里郑重宣告：中美关系史上的一个新时代开始了。今天，我受中国人民的重托访问贵国，是为了增进了解，扩大共识，发展合作，共创未来，推动中美关系进入新的发展阶段。 二十一世纪即将来临，世界各国人民都期待着新世纪成为一个充满希望的世纪，我们这个星球成为人类和平、安宁、繁荣的家园。

中美两国都是世界上具有重要影响的国家。在新的国际形势下，中美之间的共同利益，不是在减少，而是在增加；合作潜力，不是在缩小，而是在扩大。在事关全人类生存与发展的重大问题上，两国有着广泛的共同利益，肩负着共同的责任。世界各国人民和有识之士，都在关注着中美关系发展的进程。

8各位同事，女士们，先生们：

金秋10月，很高兴能与大家聚会上海，共同审议本届亚太经合组织（APEC）部长级会议的各项议题。我谨代表中国政府对各位部长的到来表示热烈的欢迎。

Dear Colleagues, Ladies and gentlemen, I am so glad to have you with us in Shanghai in this golden autumn for a review of all the agenda items of the APEC Ministerial Meeting.Allow me to extend, on behalf of the Chinese Government, our warm welcome to all of you.

9各位同事: 秋天是收获的季节。经过我们的官员们在过去数月的努力工作，今年APEC的各项工作已基本就绪，我相信此次部长级会议的讨论必然能够在以上各个领域结出丰硕的果实，提交给今年的领导人会议。我希望我们的努力不仅能取得切实的成果，而且为APEC第二个10年的发展注入新的活力并规划出其未来前进的蓝图。

我期待着各位部长对中国作为会议主席的工作给予支持，在未来两天的会议里，充分发扬务实、灵活与合作的精神。我相信，在你们的积极配合下，本次会议一定能够取得成功。

谢谢大家。 Dear Colleagues，

Autumn is a season for harvest.Thanks to the hard work by our officials over the past few months， all the preparation work for this year's APEC meetings is by and large completed.I am convinced that this Ministerial Meeting will produce rich deliverables in all the above-mentioned fields to be submitted to this year's Economic Leaders Meeting.I hope that we will not only produce practical results but also i nject fresh vigor to APEC development in its second decade and work out a blueprint for its future development.

I am sure that I can count on you for your support to China in chairing this meeting.I hope that you will demonstrate a practical， flexible and cooperative spirit in the coming two days.I believe that with your close collaboration， this meeting will be a great succe.

Thank you.10 副总统阁下、威廉斯夫人， 贵宾们，

女士们、先生们：

我为能在此设宴招待威廉斯总统和夫人以及其他贵宾而深感荣幸和愉快。我愿借此机会向各位来宾表示热烈的欢迎。我此时的心情可以用孔子在《论语》中的一句话来表达：“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎。”

Your Excellency Vice President and Mrs.Williams, Distinguishing Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen,

It is my privilege and great pleasure to host this banquet in honor of Vice President and Mrs.Williams and other distinguished guests.I would avail myself of this opportunity to extend my warm welcome to you all.A remark in The Analects of Confucius can best expre what I feel now, “It is such a delight to have friends coming from afar!”

显而易见，威廉斯副总统的这次访问表明了阁下愿意继续推进我们两国之间友好合作关系的决心。我深信，两国高层领导人之间的频繁互访，不仅有助于我们两国之间关系得改善，而且还有助于亚太地区地区乃至整个世界的和平与稳定。

Evidently, Vice President Williams’s current visit has demonstrated his Excellency’s determination to further enhance the friendly and cooperative relations between our two countries.I’m deeply convinced that a frequent exchange of visits between the top government officials of the two countries is beneficial not only to the improvement of our relations, but also to peace and stability of the Asia-Pacific region and the world as a whole

我们两国建交以来的这些年里，我们在政治、经济、贸易、文化、教育、科技、卫生等领域里进行了真诚的、卓有成效的合作。值得一提的是，自从我们两国总理互访以来，我们在近海石油勘探和汽车工业方面的合作进展神速。我们对在这些领域里所取得的成就深感满意，并愿意与贵国政府和人民一起继续努力，将我们的合作关系推向一个新的高度。

Over the years since the establishment of diplomatic relations between our two countries, we have carried out sincere and rewarding cooperation in political, economic, trade, cultural, educational, scientific and technological, public health and other fields.In particular, our cooperation in offshore oil exploration and automobile industry has been advancing rapidly ever since the exchange of visits between your Prime Minister and our Premier.We’re very satisfied with the development in these areas, and we’re willing to make further efforts with your government and people to push these cooperative relations to a new height.

近代中国经历了一段积贫积弱、仁人宰割的历史。落后就要挨打，这是中国人民从屡遭外来侵略的悲惨经历中得出的刻骨铭心的教训。一个国家只有首先自强，才能在世界上自立。一百多年来，中华人民共和国成立后，中国人民自力更生、改革开放、与时俱进，在社会主义建设中取得了举世瞩目的伟大成就。当前，中国人民坚定不移地抓住发展这个第一要务，正满怀信心地为全面建设小康社会、实现现代化而团结奋斗。

China experienced a period of enduring impoverishment and long-standing debility in its modern history and was for a time at the mercy of other countries.Lagging behind leaves one vulnerable to attacks, which is the never-forgotten leon the Chinese people have learnt from their tragic experience of repeated foreign invasions.A country has to strengthen itself before it can be sure of its place in the world.For over a hundred years, the Chinese people have made unremitting efforts toward the goal of rejuvenating the nation.Since the founding of People’s Republic of China, the Chinese people, through self-reliance, have carried out the national program of reform and opening up and, by keeping pace with the times, have made great achievements in building socialism that have caught the attention of the world .At present, the Chinese People stay focused on the primary task of development, working together with full confidence to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects and striving to achieve modernization.

但是，我们必须清地看到，中国仍然是一个发展中国家，社会身产力水平总的还比较低，仍然处于并将长期出于社会主义初级阶段，还需要经过几十年的刻苦奋斗才能建成小康社会，实现中华民族的伟大复兴。我们要牢牢坚持发展是硬道理的战略思想，紧紧抓住和用好重要战略机遇期，坚持以科学发展观统领经济社会发展全局，坚持以经济建设为中心，促进社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设与和谐社会建设全面发展，不断满足日益增长的物质文化需要。

However, we must be fully aware of the fact that China is still a developing country with a low level of productivity on the whole, and it is still at the primary stage of building socialism and will remain so far many years to come.It will take decades of persistent and hard work to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects and to achieve our great national rejuvenation.We must adhere firmly to the strategic thinking that development is of overriding importance and keep a firm grasp of and make use of the period of important strategic opportunities.We will stick to the scientific outlook on development in guiding overall economic and social development.

我们需要长期的和平国际环境，尤其是长期的睦邻友好环境。我们要高举和平、发展、合作的旗帜，坚定不移地走和平发展道路，继续实行全方位的对外开放政策，同世界各国各地区广泛开展经济技术合作和科学文化交流，既要利用世界和平与发展的有利时机发展自己，又要以自己的发展促进世界的和平与发展，努力争取互利共赢的结果， 为人类做出更大的贡献。

We, theregfore, need a long-term peaceful international enviroment, and a long-term good-neighborly enviroment in particular.We must hold high the banner of peace, development, cooperation, and keep steadfastly to the road of peaceful development.We will continue to carry out the policy of opening to the outside world in all dimensions.We will conduct extensive economic and technological cooperation and scientific and cultural exchanges with other countries and regions.As we do so, we will seize the favorable opportunity of world peace and development to develop ourselves while at the same time promoting world peace and development with our growth, aiming for a win-win result to everyone's benefit, thus making greater contributions to humankind.

女士们、先生们，谋求持久的世界和平和全球经济繁荣是我们共同愿望。正是本着维护世界和平、保证共同发展与持续繁荣的精神，我们制定了现行的外交政策和经济政策，发展与各国平等互利的友好关系。我们很高兴地看到，贵国一贯奉行谋求世界和平的政策，在过去的十年中始终与我们保持着良好的贸易伙伴关系。我期待着与威廉斯副总统就双边关系的发展，以及亚太地区和我们共同关心的其他一些国际问题举行会谈。

Ladies and genglemen, it is our common wish to seek sustained world peace and persistent global economic prosperity.It is in the spirit of safeguarding world peace and ensuring common development and prosperity that we have made our current foreign policies, as well as our economic and trade policies, and wish to promote our friendy relations with other countries on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.We are very pleased that your country is in persistent pursuit of a world peace policy and has kept a decade-old good trading partnership with China.I am looking forward to holding talks with you on the internaional iues of common interest.

在我结束讲话之际，我请各位于我一起举杯，

为威廉斯副总统和夫人的身体健康，

为所有贵宾们的身体健康，

为我们两国之间持久的友谊与合作，

为世界和平与繁荣，

干杯！

In closing, I would like you to join me in a toast

To the health of Vice President and Mrs.Williams,

To the health of all our distinguished guests,

To the lasting friendship and cooperation between our two counties,

To the peace and prosperity of the world,

Cheers!

第11篇：口译

Paage 1 女士们、先生们：很高兴能有机会参加这次“中国日”年会。亚洲是世界上最大的洲，拥有世界60%的人口。它资源丰富，历史悠久。中国是亚洲的一员，同所有亚洲人民一样，中国人民勤劳智慧。中国人民愿与所有亚洲人民一起，共创亚洲的美好明天。

Ladies and gentlemen: I „m glad to have the opportunity to take part in the annual “China day ”. Asia is the largest continent in the world , with 60% of the world‟s population .It is rich in resources and has a long history .China is a member of the Asia , as well as all the Asia people ,the Chinese people are industrious and intelligent.Chinese people are willing to work with all Asia people , create the bright future of Asia .Paage 2 我们非常高兴能和你们在英格兰度过这样一段愉快的时光。在告别英格兰的时候，我觉得自己对它和它的历史有了更多的了解。我们希望在不久的将来能在中国接待诸位，请诸位看看中国的变化。现在，我提议为东道主的健康干杯！希望在不久能看见你们。

We are very pleased to be with you in England spent a happy time . Bid farewell to the England , I fell to it and its history with a greater understanding of .We hope to welcome you in China near future ,please have a look China changes .Now , I would like to propose a toast to the health of the host .Hope to see you in the near future .Paage 3我非常感谢您热情友好的欢迎辞。印度是最古老的文明摇篮之一，访问印度是我的强烈愿望。我为能成为贵公司的客人而深感荣幸。这次访问给予我一次很好的机会结交新朋友。我公司同印度有着有好的合作关系。我们在许多领域里的合作都取得了重大进展。我们的合作是富有成效的。我们将继续成为和睦的互助伙伴关系。

Thank you very much for your gracious speech of welcome . India is one of the most ancient cradles of civilization and a visit to India is my strong desire .I fell very honored to be the guest of your company .This visit gives me a good opportunity to make new friends .Our company have a good cooperation relationship with India .We have made great progre in many areas.Our cooperation is fruitful .We will continue to be a harmonious partnership of mutual help .Paage 4今晚，我们很高兴在北京大学接待格林博士和夫人。我代表学校的全体师生员工向格林博士和夫人及其他新西兰贵宾表示热烈的欢迎。中新两国教育界人士的互访，增进了相互间的了解和学术交流。我相信格林博士这次对我校的访问必将为进一步加强两校的友好合作关系做出重要贡献。明天，贵宾们将要赴南京和上海访问，我预祝大家一路旅途愉快。

Tonight, we are pleased to welcome Dr.And Mrs.Green in Peking University.I represent all the teacher and students of school staff to Dr.And Mrs.Green and other New Zealand guests a warm welcome .Visit to New Zealand education circles , enhance mutual understanding and academic exchanges .I believe Dr.Greene this visit to our school will in order to further strengthen the friendly relations and cooperation between the two schools make a significant contribution .Tomorrow ,our distinguished guests will leave for Nanjing and Shanghai ,I wish you have a please journey all the way .

Paage 5今天各位能出席这个招待会，我们深感荣幸。 欢迎到中国来。在发展对外贸易中，我们坚持“互相尊重、平等互利”的原则，这一原则有助于发展我们各国独立的民族经济。我愿借此机会对各位朋友给予我们的合作和支持表示感谢。

Today we feel deeply honored that you can attend the conference .Welcome to China .In the development of foreign trade ,we insist on the principle of “mutual respect ,equality and mutual benefit ”, this principle will help develop our national independent national economy .Each friend I would like to take this opportunity to thank you very much for your cooperation and support .

Paage 6 在这个满天星斗、举国同庆的夜晚，我谨代表公司的全体同仁，感谢各位从百忙之中抽出时间光临我们的春节联欢晚会。春节是我国一年中的良辰佳时，我希望各位中外同事共度一个轻松、欢快的夜晚。我愿外国来宾能尽情品尝中国的传统佳肴和美酒。我希望这次晚会能使我们彼此有机会沟通、增进友谊。最后我再次感谢各位嘉宾的光临，并祝各位新年健康、事业有成。

In the starlit skies , celebration throughout the night ,I, on behalf of all my colleagues of the company ,thank you for taking time off your busy schedule to come to our Spring Festival gala .The Spring Festival is China‟s wonderful time of year ,I wish all the Chinese and foreign colleagues have a relaxing and delightful evening together .I want to foreign guests can enjoy traditional Chinese food and wine .I hope this party will enable us to have the opportunity to communicate with each other and promote friendship .Finally, I once again thank you for your presence ,and wish everyone good health , a succeful career in the new year.Paage 7近年来，中国在交通方面的资金投入每年都有所增加，公路建设因此有了很大发展。到去年末，这方面的投资超过了人民币3,200亿元。自从我国实行西部大开发策略后，西部的公路建设也得到了迅速发展。在今后的几年里，西部地区将继续成为公路建设的重点地区。

China has increased its input of funds in transportation in recent years.Road construction has accordingly developed considerably.The investment in this area had exceeds 320 billion yuan by the end of last year.Since the implementation of the Great Western Development Strategy, road construction has been accelerated in West China.It will remain a prime region for road construction in the years to come.Paage 8 中国加快发展，将给中美关系发展提供新的机遇与动力。例如，中国的旅游业带动航空业的发展，已经给美国企业带来了可观的实惠。中国从美国进口大量的大豆、小麦等农产品，为美国农业提供了广阔的市场。我相信，中国完全有可能在未来的20年乃至更长的时间里，继续保持稳定快速的经济增长。

The accelerated development of China will provide Sino-U.S.relation with new opportunities and impetus.For example, the tourism industry in china has effected development in the aviation industry, which has in turn generated considerable benefits to American enterprises.China imports a large number of such agricultural products as bean, wheat, and cotton from America, providing a big market for American agriculture.I’m convinced that China will surely remain its stable and fast economic growth in the next 20 years and beyond.

Paage 9 欢迎各位参观上海博物馆。上海博物馆于90年代中期落成并正式对外开放。这是我国现代化程度最高的博物馆之一，馆内收藏的是中华民族文化遗产中的珍品。经过精心挑选的每件展品都代表了不同历史时期的艺术风格。这些展品包括酒器、乐器、兵器以及500余件陶瓷精品。

Welcome to Shanghai Museum.Shanghai Museum was completed and officially open to the public in the mid-90s.it is known as one of the largest and most modernized museums in China.What displayed in the museum are fine treasures of the Chinese culture heritage.The well-chosen exhibits show the distinctive styles of different periods in the history of Chinese art.These exhibits include wine veels, musical instruments, weapons as well as over 500 pieces of finest ceramics

Paage 10 我想借此机会告诉大家关于中国残疾人的一些数字。他们占全国人口的6.34%。在中国，残疾人生活在超过7000万户的家庭中。这意味着，在中国每五户家庭就有一户有一个残疾人。在这些残疾人中，有280万是进行常规训练的运动员。

I’d like to take this opportunity to tell you some numbers about disabled people in china.They make up 6.34 percent of the country’s population.Disabled people live in more than 70 million households in China.This means that almost 1 out of 5 families in China has a disabled person.Among this disabled, 2.8 million are athletes who train regularly.

Paage 11 目前，许多中学生的学习压力都很大，因为老师和家长十分看重学生的成绩。为了取得好成绩，很多学生参加课外补习，他们基本上没有周末和假期。这种情形让人担忧，过重的课业负担使学生无法发展自己的兴趣。更糟糕的是，这甚至会使学生睡眠不足，有的还会产生心理问题。

Nowadays, many middle school students are experiencing huge study preure, as teachers and parents place much importance on their grades.In order to improve their grades, many students take extra leons after school, sacrificing nearly all of their weekends and holidays.This is a worrying phenomenon because the heavy study burden limits students from developing her own hobbies.What’s worse, this can even cause insufficient sleep or psychological problems.

Paage 12 国际金融危机给中国带来了前所未有的困难和挑战。主要表现在：进出口继续下滑，工业生产明显放缓，部分企业经营困难。这场国际金融危机与中国发展方式转变、经济结构调整的关键时期不期而遇。新的挑战与既有矛盾互相交织，加大了我们解决问题的难度。

The international financial crisis has brought unprecedented difficulties and challenges to China.Imports and exports have been on the decline.Industrial production has notably slowed down.Some enterprises are having a hard time in their production and busine operation.This crisis coincides with a crucial juncture in China’s efforts to transform the growth pattern and adjust the economic structure.New challenges coupled with existing problems have made our task all the more difficult.

Paage 13 接下来，我要谈谈青年。青年时国家的未来，是世界的希望。在任何一个时代，青年都是社会上最富有朝气、最富有创造性的群体。在以和平与发展为主题的当今时代，青年更是维护世界和平、促进共同发展的重要力量。青年的健康发展关系到社会和谐与国家兴旺。

In a minute, I’m going to talk about young people.They are not only the future of a country, but also the hope of the world.In any era, young people are the most vigorous and creative group in society.In today’s time with peace and development as the theme, youth is even more an important force to maintain world peace and promote common development.The healthy development of youth is relevant to the harmony of a society and prosperity of a country.

Paage 14 我希望这个简短的展示对阐明我们的看法有所帮助。我们必须应对经济全球化所带来的挑战。未来的海关制度将在保护欧洲及欧洲人民的同时，最大限度地促进公平交易。我方只有得到贵方对海关改革的全力支持，这一切才能变成现实。我方支持贵方做出进一步的贡献以帮助我们创造一个安全、健康、有效的海关环境。

I hope this brief presentation has been useful to clarify our vision.We have to cope with the challenges brought by the economic globalization.This future customs system will protect Europe and its citizens while facilitating honest busine to the greatest extent.This can become a reality only if I get your full support for the customs reform.I encourage you to contribute further and to aist us in fostering a safe, healthy and efficient customs environment.

1.Going forward, we cannot tolerate the same old boom and bust economy of the past.We can\'t grow complacent.We can\'t wait for a crisis to cooperate.That\'s why our new framework will allow each of us to ae the others\' policies, to build consensus on reform, and to ensure that global demand supports growth for all.展望未来，我们不能允许以往经济繁荣与萧条的。我们不能骄傲自满。我们不能等到危机展开合作。这就是为什么我们的新框架将允许我们每个人评估别人的改良政策，建立共识，并保证全球的需求带动全体经济的增长。

2.There is no time to waste.America has made our choice.We have charted our course.We have made our commitments.We will do what we say.Now I believe it\'s the time for the nations and the people of the world to come together behind a common purpose.时不我待。美国已经做出了我们的选择。我们已经规划了我们的路线。我们已经表达了我们的承诺。我们言出必行。我们认为，现在全世界各国和人民应该为了一个共同的目标齐心协力。

3.I also want to thank my colleagues for the candor and cooperative spirit that they brought to the discuions.This was not a day of long speeches or lectures on what other nations must do.We listened to each other, with mutual respect.We recognized that while different countries face different challenges, we have a mutual interest in securing these dangerous materials.我还要感谢各位同仁在讨论中所表现的的坦率与合作精神。今天并无冗长的讲话，亦无要求别国如何是从的训诫。我们互相倾听、互相尊重。我们认识到，虽然不同国家面临不同的挑战，但我们有着共同的利益，即确保这些危险核材料的安全。

4.The New Year\'s bell is about to ring, and 2010 is soon to begin.At this beautiful moment of bidding farewell to the old and ushering in the new, and via China Radio International, China National Radio and China Central Television, I\'m delighted to extend New Year wishes to Chinese of all ethnic groups, to compatriots in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan, to overseas Chinese and to friends all over the world! 新年的钟声就要敲响，2010年的帷幕即将拉开。在这辞旧迎新的美好时刻，我很高兴通过中国国际广播电台、中央人民广播电台、中央电视台，向全国各族人民、向香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞、台湾同胞和海外华侨，向世界俄国的朋友们，致以新年的祝福！

5.The past year was truly extraordinary and inspiring.We held a grand celebration of the 60th anniversary of the founding of New China.The outstanding achievements we made in that time have greatly boosted the confidence and pride of the people, strengthened the cohesivene of the Chinese nation, and raised China\'s international standing and influence.All this definitely encourages us to continue to forge ahead on the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.过去的一年，极不平凡，令人振奋。我们隆重庆祝新中国成立60周年。抚今追昔，伟大祖国的辉煌成就极大地激发了全国人民的自信心和自豪感，极大地增强了中华民族的向心力和凝聚力，极大地提升了我国的国际地位和影响力，必将激励我们在中国特色社会主义道路上继续奋勇前进。

6.Today, we commemorate the single greatest lo the UN has suffered in its history.We remember 101 lives of consequence.We honor 101 unique paths that joined in Haiti to write the larger story of the United Nations.These women and men were our own.They were family.今天，我们缅怀在联合国历史上最惨重损失中牺牲的人员。我们缅怀101个英烈。他们沿着101条独特的道路聚集到海地，谱写联合国的辉煌篇章，可歌可敬。他们就是我们的男女工作人员，是我们的家人。

7.China\'s economic development and integration into the international system have gone hand-in-hand with the strengthening of the U.S.-China relationship. When President Carter sent National Security Advisor Zbigniew Brzezinski to China in 1979 to formally establish diplomatic relations, there were only 1,500 foreigners in Beijing. Today, there are more than that connected to the U.S.Miion（delegation） in China alone, and more Americans acro China than in the state of Montana. 中国的经济发展和融入国际体系与美中关系的加强同步进行。1979年当卡特总统派遣国家安全顾问布热津斯基到中国正式建立关系时，只有1500名外国人在北京。今天，在中国的仅与美国使团相关的人就比那更多，在中国各地的美国人比蒙塔纳州的还多。

8.China\'s reform began in the rural areas.It spread from the country to cities and from the economic sector to the political, cultural, social and all other fields.What started as a small stream grew into an unstoppable mighty current.The opening-up endeavor started with the establishment of Shenzhen and three other special economic zones and expanded to cities along the coast, rivers and border areas and eventually became an all-directional and multi-tiered opening-up.中国的改革发端于农村。开始时是涓涓细流，后来发展成势不可挡的洪流。改革从农村到城市，从经济领域到政治、文化和社会等各个领域。中国的开放则从建立深圳等四个经济特区到沿海、沿江、沿边城市，再到全方位、多层次的全面开放。

9.We have achieved the historic transition from a highly centralized planned economy to a vibrant socialist market economy and from a closed or semi-closed society to one that is fully open to the outside world.We have established the basic economic system for the primary stage of socialism, a modern corporate system that meets the needs of the market economy, and a modern market system that is unified, open, and competitive and in good order.我们成功实现了从高度集中的计划经济体制到充满活力的社会主义市场经济体制、从封闭半封闭状态到全方位对外开放的历史性转变。确立了社会主义初级阶段的基本经济制度，建立了适应市场经济要求的现代企业制度，形成了统一开放竞争有序的现代市场体系。

10.We have built a macro-economic regulation system that relies mainly on economic and legal means.And we have gradually improved the system under which distribution according to work is dominant and a variety of distribution modes coexist.The social safety net has been further improved for greater equity and justice.At the same time, we have advanced reform in education, culture, science, technology, health and other areas, promoted political restructuring with the focus on expanding socialist democracy and adopted the strategy of building a country under the rule of law.建立了以经济手段和法律手段为主的宏观调控体系，完善了按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存的分配制度，逐步健全以公平正义为目标的社会保障等体系。同时，推进了教育、文化、科技、卫生等社会领域的改革，推进了以社会主义民主政治建设为主要内容的政治体制改革，确立依法治国、建设法治国家的方略。

第12篇：口译

1、嘉宾—distinguished(honored) guest

明月当空—a moon-lit sky 全体同仁—all our colleagues 百忙中拨冗光临—take time out from a busy„„

新春联欢晚会—spring festival celebration party

远道而来—coming all the way from 尽情品尝—try and enjoy the good food 美味佳肴—fine wine and good food 才华横溢—very talented

纯正—pure

无所拘束—feel free万事如意—good luck in everything you do Our honored guests, On this beautiful evening with a most beautiful moonlight, I would like to welcome you on behalf of General Manager Ms.Mei, and all my colleagues of this company.各位嘉宾：在这个美丽无比、明月当空的夜晚，我谨代表总经理梅女士以及公司的全体同仁。

I wish to thank everyone here for having taken time off their busy schedule, at this very time of the year, to come to our Chinese New Year Party.感谢各位能在一年最繁忙的季节，从百忙中拨冗光临我们的新春联欢晚会。

We are particularly fortunate tonight to have the attendance of our friends from the Benson’s Electronics Company, who have

come all the way from Canada.I feel greatly honored and proud to have such distinguished guests celebrating the Spring Festival here with us.有如此杰出的贵宾与我们一起共同欢度春节，我深感自豪与荣幸。 We will do our best to make this a most fun, most enjoyable and most memorable evening for you.我们将尽自己之所能，并将继续竭尽全力使各位度过一个最轻松、最欢乐、最难忘的夜晚。

I hope you will try, as much as you like, all our wonderful Chinese dishes and wines.Please help yourself and enjoy.我希望各位来宾能品尝中国的传统佳肴与美酒。请不要客气。 Later on, you will enjoy authentic Chinese entertainment performed by some very talented young employees of our company.We will have a lot of fun tonight.各位还将欣赏由本公司一些才华横溢的青年员工所表演的中国味纯正的文艺节目。今晚我们会过得非常愉快。

During normal work hours in the company, our Chinese staff and foreign staff hardly got to sit down and talk to each other.平时在公司上班时，我们中外职员几乎没有时间坐下来交谈。

I hope this party will give us an excellent opportunity to get to know each other better and increase personal friendships in a

more informal way.我希望这次晚会可以让我们有极好的机会，可以无所拘束地了解彼此的情况，增进个人之间的友谊。 Ladies and gentlemen, I’d like to thank you again for coming to the party.And I wish all of you good health and the very best in the New Year.女士们，先生们，我再次感谢各位嘉宾的光临。最后，我祝愿各位新年身体健康、万事如意。

2、宣布„„开幕—declare„„now begins

社区服务—community services 国际研讨会—international symposium

筹委会—organizing committee 开幕式—opening ceremony

温哥华—Vancouver 市场经济体制—market economy

社会福利保障体制—social welfare and security system 社会职能—government functions

政府包揽—all undertaken by the gov’t 民间组织—non-government organization

宏观管理—macro-management 分工协作—division of work/collaboration

借鉴—take reference 丰硕成果—fruitful results

预祝„„圆满成功—I wish „„a complete succe

兰戈拉社区学院—langara community college 上海市政府—shanghai municipal gov’t 社会团体—social organizations

社区工作者协会—social workers aociation 各界来宾—guests from all walks of life Ladies and gentlemen, I hereby declare that the ―International Symposium on Shanghai’s Community Services‖ now begins.我宣布，“上海社区服务国际研讨会”现在正式开幕。

First of all, please permit me, on behalf of the organizing committee of the symposium,首先，请允许我代表研讨会的委员会。

To extend our warm welcome to the leaders of the Shanghai Municipal Government, the leaders of our city’s social organizations, representatives of the Community Social Workers Aociation, and all our guests who have come to our opening ceremony today!向参加今天开幕式的上海市政府领导、社会团体的领导、社区工作者协会的代表，以及社会各界的来宾，表示热烈的欢迎！

Our warm welcome also goes to our friends from Canada as well as our friends from other countries and regions.同时向来自加拿大以及世界其他国家和地区的朋友们表示热烈的欢

迎。

In particular, I wish to expre our sincere thanks to Canada’s Langara Community College of Vancouver, whose generous help has made it poible for us to convene our symoposium.加拿大温哥华兰格拉社区学院对本次研讨会的成功召开给与了很大的帮助，对此我谨致以诚挚的谢意。

The establishment and development of China’s socialist market economy requires reform and improvement of our social welfare and security system, and that in turn places higher expectations on our community services.我国社会主义市场经济体制的建立和发展，要求我们改革和完善社会福利保障体制，从而对社区服务提出了更高的要求。

While governmental functions are undergoing transformation, many of the social services undertaken by the government will have to be turned over to social groups and non-governmental organizations gradually.随着政府职能的转变，原来的政府包揽的许多社区服务工作，有相当一部分将逐步转移到社会团体和民间组织。

On the one hand, the government is shouldering greater responsibilities in terms of macro-management; and on the other hand, social groups and non-government organizations will need to get more involved in community services.一方面，政府的宏

观管理责任将变得更加重大，另一方面，社会团体和民间组织需要参与更多的社区服务工作。

Here is the iue: How, in order to better promote community services, does the government collaborate closely with the numerous social groups while keeping a clear division of responsibility? 这就提出了一个课题：政府和社区团体如何密切合作、分工协作，更好地推进社区服务事业。

Some developed foreign countries and regions have accumulated much experience in this regard, which merits our reference and study.海外一些发达国家和地区在这方面积累了不少经验，值得我们借鉴和研究。

It is with this iue in mind that we are now holding this symposium.正是为了讨论这个课题，我们举办了这次研讨会。 I believe the symposium will prove to be constructive and significant in propelling the development of China’s community service programs, her economy, and social stability as well.我相信这次研讨会对于推动中国社区服务事业的蓬勃开展，促进经济发展和社会稳定，具有积极的作用和意义。

At the same time, I also believe that our symposium will bear fruitful results through the hard work from all of you here.同时我也相信，在各位朋友的努力下，我们的研讨会一定能够取得丰硕的成果。

Lastly, may I wish a total succe for this symposium! May I also wish our foreign experts and scholars, as well as friends and compatriots from various parts of our country, to have a pleasant stay here in Shanghai? Thank you all.最后，我预祝研讨会圆满成功！祝愿来自海外的专家学者和全国各地的朋友们在上海生活愉快！谢谢大家！

3、广泛领域—a wide area

开拓性—pioneering

多极化—multi-polar „„的发展趋势—a growing trend of

世界格局—world pattern/situation 衷心感谢—heartfelt thanks/gratitude

回顾未来—reviewing the past

展望未来—looking ahead

相互尊重—mutual respect

平等互利—equality and mutual benefit

求同存异—common ground/difference

贸易歧视与制裁—trade discrimination and sanction 光辉的远景—a splendid /bright future

Mr.Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen: Today, we the leaders of 25 Asian and European countries meet here for the first time 今天，我们25个欧亚的国家领导人首次在此聚会。

On basis of equality and friendship, we are going to exchange comprehensive views on cooperation and building a new Asia-Europe partnership.我们要在平等友好的基础上，就广泛领域里的合作以及建立新的亚欧伙伴关系交换我们的意见。 This meeting is a pioneering endeavor with historic significance.

It reflects the widely-shared desire of Asian and European countries for world peace and development, and for inter-continental exchange and cooperation.这是一次具有历史意义的开拓性的会议。它反映了亚欧国家希望获得世界和平与发展、希望各州之间进行交流与合作的共同愿望。 It signifies the growth of Asian and the profound changes in the entire international relations, and it marks a growing trend toward multi-polarity.它显示了亚洲的成长，表明了整个国际关系的巨大变化，标志着多极化的发展趋势。

I am convinced that this meeting will have a positive influence on the shaping of a new world pattern.And I wish to take this opportunity to expre my heartfelt thanks to the Royal Government of the Kingdom of Thailand for hosting this succeful meeting.我深信这次会议将对形成一个新的世界格局产生积极的影响。我愿借此机会向成功主办了这次会议的泰王国政府表示中心的感谢。

To build a new Asian-Europe partnership calls for new concepts and new methodology.建立一个新的亚欧伙伴关系要求我们有新的观念和新的方法。

Reviewing the past and looking ahead into the future, I believe that a new partnership between Asian and Europe should be built on the basis of respect, equality and mutual benefit.回顾

过去，展望未来，我认为一个新的亚欧伙伴关系必须建筑在相互尊重和平等互利的基础上。

We should seek common grounds while putting aside our differences, promote mutual understanding and trust, eliminate trade discrimination, oppose imposition of trade sanctions, and strengthen technical exchange and co operations.我们应该求同存异，增进相互理解和信任，消除贸易歧视，反对贸易制裁，加强技术交流与合作。

Asia and Europe should increase and broaden political dialogues in the interest of improving mutual understanding and trust.为了增进相互理解和信任，亚洲和欧洲应该扩大和增加政治对话。

We on our part would like to see progre in EU integration, and to see that EU remains independent and open.就我们而言，我们愿意看到欧盟在一体化进程中前进，愿意看到欧盟保持独立和开放。

On the other hand, we hope that Europe will understand the aspirations of Asian countries to promote economic development and expand regional co operations while maintaining political stability.And that Europe will support their efforts in this regard.另一方面，我们希望欧盟理解亚洲国家在保持政治稳定的同时，促进经济发展、扩大区域合作的意愿，

支持亚洲国家为此所作的努力。

We are ready to step up our cooperation with Asian and European countries.We have carried out major reforms in foreign trade and formulated a set of related laws.We have reduced our tariffs to the average level of developing countries.我们准备增进与亚洲和欧洲国家的合作。我们已对外贸进行了重大改革，制订了一套相关的法律。我们已将关税降低到发展中国家的平均水平。

I am convinced that China’s reform and opening-up and its stability provides Asian and European countries’ busine communities with tremendous opportunities for investment and trade.我相信中国的改革开放和稳定会给亚欧国家的商业界带来可观的投资和贸易的良机，

And this in turn will be making positive contributions to peace, stability and prosperity in Asia and the world as a whole.从而为亚洲乃至全世界的和平、稳定与繁荣作出积极的贡献。 Let us work together toward a succeful conclusion to this meeting.让我们为本届会议的圆满结束而共同努力。 Let us join hands in building an Asian-European partnership to face the coming new century, and shape a more splendid future for our two continents and the world at large.让我们为建立一个面向新世纪的亚欧伙伴关系，为我们两大洲以及整个世界

描绘光辉的远景而携起手来。

4、share—股份

raise money—筹集资金

composite index—综合指数

A stock is an ownership share in a busine.Companies sell stock as a way to raise money without borrowing.People buy stock as an investment.They hope to make a profit on an increase in the stock’s price.股票是指一家公司的股份。公司出售股票作为无需借钱而能筹集资金的一种方式。人们购买股票则作为一种投资，他们希望通过股价的上涨而获利。 The stock market in the United States began in New York City in 1792.The New York Stock Exchange is the oldest financial market in the United States.And, it is the largest stock market in the world.美国证券市场于1792年在纽约市成立。纽约证券交易所是美国最古老的金融市场。同时，它是世界上最大的证券市场。

The stocks of more than 3,000 American and international companies are traded on the New York Stock Exchange.Together the stock represents about 80% of the value of all publicly owned companies in America.有3,000多家美国公司和国际性公司的股票在纽约证券交易所交易。股票价值的总和约占美国的上市公司股值的80%。

Stock brokers and dealers have been an important part of the

traditional stock trading system.These financial experts are paid for their knowledge of financial markets and busine.证券经纪和交易商是传统的证券交易系统的一个重要部分。这些金融专家凭借其对金融市场及商务的知识而获取报酬。 But, the Internet has made it easy for the general public to get information about companies and stocks.Many people now choose to control how their money is invested.但是，互联网能使大众很容易获得关于公司和证券方面的信息。现在很多人选择自己支配如何用钱进行投资。

About 50 years ago, only 5%of Americans owned stock.They were usually very rich people trading shares with each other.Last year, almost 50% of all Americans had stock holdings.And, 16% of all stock trades took place over the Internet.大约50年前，只有5%的美国人拥有股票，他们通常是很富有的人，相互进行股票交易。去年，几乎50%的美国人持有股票，而且，16%的股票交易在互联网上进行。

The expreion used to describe such a period when the prices of most stocks are increasing is a ―bull market‖.A ―bear market‖ is when most stock prices are falling as investors sell stocks.术语称大多数股票价格上涨视其为“牛市”，而“熊市”则是大多数股票价格下跌，投资者抛售股票的时期。

Usually, investors in the United States have bought stocks they

expected to keep for many years.Over the long term, the stock market has always increased.Investors have earned the most profit of any form of investment.通常，在美国的投资者购买股票，一般会预期将股票持有多年。从长远来看，证券行情总是上升的，投资者的获利比从任何形式投资的收益都要多。 Short-term prices decreases only people who sell stocks at prices lower than they paid for them.That is why during bull markets, experts tell investors to keep their stocks rather that to sell.短期的价格下跌只影响到以低价买入价出售股票的人。那就是为什么在“牛市”时，专家劝告投资者继续持有股票而不要售出。

Recently, however, short-term trading has become more popular, especially one kind called day trading.Day traders seek to earn money from the daily changes in the price of a stock.然而，最近短期交易流行起来，特别是一种称为日交易的形式。即日交易人士力图从股票价格的每日起落中赚钱。

Day trading is an extremely risky form of investing.It is poible to gain a large amount of money very quickly by day trading.Most day traders, however, lose money.即日交易是一种风险极大的投资形式。通过即日交易有可能很快赚到大笔钱，但是大部分的即日交易是赔钱的。

The performance of the stock market is measured by stock

indexes.The Dow Jones Industrial Average follows the share prices of 30 leading industrial companies in the United States.The NASDAQ Composite Index is also a major stock index.证券市场的行情以证券指数衡量。道琼斯工业平均指数随着美国30家主要的产业公司的股价而升降。纳斯达克综合指数也是一个主要的证券指数。

People usually have invested in companies that have strong earnings and a large share in their busine market.But over the last few years, stocks of companies that promise future growth have had the greatest demand.人们通常投资于盈利能力较强并在商业市场上占有大份额的公司。但近几年来，对着那些发展前景好的公司，人们对他们的股票需求量最大。 The stock prices of new Internet and technology companies are rising much faster than other stocks.This is true even though most of the companies have not made any profit.新的网络和科技公司的股票价格比其他股票上涨快得多。这是事实，尽管这类公司中大部分仍没见盈利。

In a few years, investors should be able to trade stocks twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week.And, in the future, financial markets around the world are expected to be linked.再过几年，投资者将能一周七天，一天二十四小时进行股票交易，而且，将来全世界的金融市场预期将要连起来。

5、By the end of July 2001, China has cumulatively approved 378,000 foreign funded enterprises with a contractual value of USD 717.01 billion, of which USD 372.83 billion has been actually paid in.截至2001年7月底，中国累计批准设立的外商投资企业37.8万家，合同外资金额7，170.1亿美元，实际使用外资金额3,728.3亿美元。

China has been maintaining a strong momentum in attracting FDI since early this year.From January through July, 14,000 foreign-invested enterprises have been approved and established, a figure 18.2% higher than the corresponding period of last year.今年以来，外商来华直接投资继续保持良好势头。1-7月，共批准设立外商投资企业1.4万家，比去年同期增长18.2%； The contractual value of foreign investment grew by 45.8% to USD 40.29 billion and the actually utilized value climbed by 21.7% to USD 24.21 billion.合同外资金额402.9亿美元，增长45.8%，实际使用外资金额242.1亿美元，增长21.7%。 While FDI absorption in the eastern areas keeps growing at a rapid rate, the western regions have also made evident headway in its FDI attraction.Up to the end of June 2001, the number of projects in the west, their contractual FDI value and the actual FDI utilization value accounted for 7.3%, 6% and 5.3% of the national total respectively.在中国东部地区吸收外资迅速增长

的同时，西部地区吸收外资也取得了明显进展。截至2001年6月底，西部地区吸收外商直接投资的项目数、合同外资金额和实际使用外资金额，在全国总量中所占比重分别为7.3%，6%和5.3%。

In the first 6 months of this year, 742 new foreign invested enterprises have been set up in the western regions with a contractual value amounting to USD 1.91 billion and actually utilized value, USD 710 million.今年1-6月，西部地区新设立外商投资企业742家，合同外资19.1亿美元，实际使用外资7.1亿美元。

6、With its two giants, China and India, Asia is the home of the majority of the world’s 6 billion human inhabitants, and Africa the second most popular continent.由于中国和印度这两个人口大国，亚洲是全世界60亿人口中大多数人居住的地方，而非洲则是世界第二多人口的大洲。

The UN population fund said in its 1998 report on population growth, Asia counts 3.5bilion people – Its most populous countries are China, with 1.2 billion plus another 6.3million in Hong Kong.联合国人口基金组织在1998年的人口增长报告中说，亚洲有35亿人口。人口最多的是中国，有12亿，还加上香港的630万。

And India with 975.8 million, followed far behind by Indonesia

with 125.9 million and Bangladesh with 124million.印度有9亿7千580万人口。其次是印度尼西亚，有1亿2千590万。再其次是孟加拉国，有1亿2千400万人口。

India，which has continued to hold the record for a higher birth rate than China, is expected to grow in the year 2025 to 1.3 billion residents.印度人口增长率持续超过中国。预计到2025年，印度的人口将达到13亿。

The projected population for all of Asia in the year 2025 is 4.7 billion.到2025年，全亚洲的人口将达到47亿。

In Africa, the UN Population Fund reportedly counted 778.5 million residents, with 1.4billion anticipated in 2025.根据联合国人口基金组织的报告，非洲计有7亿7千850万居民。预计到2025年，非洲的人口将达到14亿。

Nigeria is Africa’s most populous country with 121.8million residents.Egypt is next with 65.7 million, followed by Ethiopia with 62.1 million, the Democratic Republic of Congo with 49.2 million, and South Africa with 44.3 million.尼日利亚是非洲人口最多的国家，有1亿2千180万居民，其后依次是：埃及6千570万；埃塞俄比亚，6千210万；刚果民主共和国，4千920万；南非，4千430万。

Nigeria, the DRC and Ethiopia are expected to double their population in one generation by the year 2025.预计到2025年，

也就是一代人以后，尼日利亚，刚果和埃塞俄比亚的人口都将翻一番。

The European continent counts 729.4million residents, with Ruia still the most populous country at 147.2 million, though its population growth is declining, Germany is next with 82.4million.欧洲大陆有7亿2千940万人口，俄罗斯目前仍是其中人数最多的国家，有1亿4千720万，但人口增长率正在下降。其次是德国，人口8千240万。

Europe, according to the UN report is the sole continent whose population is expected to decline, dropping to 701.1million residents in the year 2025.根据联合国的报道，欧洲是唯一人口负增长的大洲。到2025年，欧洲人口将下降至7亿110万。

North America, with the United States and its 273.8million residents counts 304.1million people ,though the number is expected to rise to 369 million in 2025.北美共有人口3亿410万，其中美占2亿7千380万。预计到2025年，北美人口将达到3亿6千900万。

第13篇：口译

中级口译考试，官方（上海外语教育出版社）出了5本教程。 但你只要买听力教程、翻译教程和口译教程 3本。 书中有至少40%的内容考点是考试的重点出题来源。

这个考试分笔试和口试两个阶段。过了笔试的同学才能参加口试考试。 在参加第一阶段考试的时候，可以暂时丢开口译书。全力以赴攻克笔试。

关于单词：

以4-6级为基础，一定要会拼会写会意。（听力以及翻译要写字，听字，所以拼写很重要。）

P.S 你专四专八的词汇有的话，阅读部分 会更容易一些的

以 Time 1000 （网上有WORD版）为辅助， （阅读部分的材料来源于美国的时代杂志。政论类、新闻类文章是常考文体）这好像和6级的要求不太一样，所以单词量要求多多益善。（PS.阅读教程和考试无关。）

新东方有个紫皮词汇书，对翻译部分也有一定贡献。把翻译教程看熟就知道考试时怎么处理了。

听力书很重要，因为听力是难点，有第一部分挖二十个空的，多练就会快，一定要练到一定量。听力里还有一个难点就是听译了，这部分只能尽量拿分，但分值不高，所以不用太担心，不过也要多练，会有进步的。

在考前几个月，做一下 历年真题。 就差不多了。（新东方的是梅红色的封面）

如果你要单词资料，可以把邮箱留给我。我发给你。

我还没有考场经验，以下是搜到的Hier 的考场听力技巧：

听力三个部分（1dictation， 2answer the questions， 3translation） 考前有2分钟浏览信息。抓紧宝贵时间。

第一部分语速差不多130words/min。结束后会空出2分钟。建议LZ拿前1分钟誊写答案到答题纸上。后1分钟快速纵向浏览第二部分的选择题选项。

第二部分共30题。前10个听句子回答是每题听完简单对话后有12秒时间给你选择正确答案。后20个为段落听后选择。共5段，每段4问（2000年前是4段5问）。每段念完问后问的4个问题之间间隔5秒左右供选题。

第三部分句子听译之间间隔30秒供翻译成中文在答题纸上（不要翻在试卷上，考试结束后没有时间给你特别誊写）。段落听译间隔1分钟。

给楼主几点建议： 1．dictation部分里不要企图每个单词都边听边写全。有些可以用自己了解的速记记下代替，且只记实词不记虚词（The, a ,an 等）。20个空每空1.5分。关键词占三分之二分数。基本上一个空要填3个词的话关键词占1分。

2.choices部分听段落时记得记下笔迹。比如真题里有道题看到选项里有rainy, cloudy, sunny等一定要在听段落时把各个地方的天气情况都记全，因为无法得知问题里会问哪个城市的情况。

3．translation句子是3分每句，5句共15分。每句理解和表达各占一半分数。即中文意思若是对了但表达不符合汉语习惯也是要扣1或1.5分的。段落听译第一段较简单是7分，第二段8分。和句子的计分方法一样。且有些细节可省略。改分不是很紧。建议每段前部分脑记后部分笔记。第二部分实在记不下来也要把数字记下。数字占得分很多哦。

考试时三个部分语速都和教程里的一样。停顿时间如上述。 笔试好好准备，通过并不难。第二阶段的口译要更下功夫才行。

总结：单词基础+三本教程（好好练习）+真题＝必过笔试阶段

要考2必须要有很好的英语基础，从你的分数看，你是属于基础不扎实的一类，但有点英语语感和天赋，很多人是这样的。所以你要做的就是扎实基础

计划：1，买一本专八词汇，星火的不错，考2必须要有8000+词汇才行，把它花三个月啃下来。你就基本没什么障碍了。

2、每天练习英语听写，BBC VOA 都行，不少于听一个小时，记住，是听写，一句一句的写下来，不要看文本，最后才对照文本

3、买上海中高口的口译书，那个不错，我用过的，还有当然2的教材也要买，然后把这几本书反复听反复背。一定要熟练！

4、做专八的阅读理解，每天看看外刊，如英语沙龙，经济学家，21世纪英语报，chinadairy

5、把新概念3和新概念4的前30篇文章背下来。

6、临考就做模拟题和真题，总结错误，找应试感觉

学英语不下苦功夫是不行的，要想学好英语必须一步一个脚印，坚持到底才行。

不要相信所谓的“保过”，他们能保的顶多是你的笔试能够通过而已。如果你的水平在四到六级之间，自己多做一点题练习一下，笔试通过是没有问题的。口试没有人能保证你通过，因为这是你自己在考试，要有一定的反应速度、速记能力以及心理抗压能力。如果水平不错，比较自信的话可以直接报高口。 我建议你还是不要去报班了，如果你自己想考的话认真备考一下。

1、笔试：

（1）需要的教材：《上海市英语中级口译/高级口译 第三版》听力，根据你自己报的具体考试选择是买中口还是高口。其它几本教材个人觉得没有必要买，如果要做真题，从网上下，尤其是翻译，但是听这本书你要好好用。

（2）备考：你可以先看一下考试的试卷模式，就知道自己需要把侧重点放在哪了，每个人不一样的。如果你水平在六级左右，阅读就不需要准备什么了，听力和翻译是一定要练习的。听力上面已经说了怎么做了，翻译需要你好好准备一下词汇，你看过例卷就应该知道那些词都不常用。

考前一个月吧，开始做真题，算定时间做，找点感觉，不需要每天做，但最好每天练习一下听力、熟悉一下题目。

2、口试：

（1）需要的教材：《上海市英语中级口译/高级口译 第三版》口译，根据你自己报的具体考试选择是买中口还是高口。教材最好要配有MP3,如果没有，问认识的朋友要也行。这本书一方面是介绍了很多关于口译考试的题型，考法以及一些你应该了解的知识，所以要用好。另外，还有可能会出现原文，我考的时候就遇到过。

（2）上面说过，口译不仅要考你的翻译能力， 还考了你的反应速度、速记能力以及心理抗压能力。如果说有什么特殊要求的话就是要在听完以后大脑迅速整理，然后输出，没有时间去斟酌。不要漏掉其中的信息，也最好不要自己往里加东西。如果你时间够可以稍微练习一下速记，创造一些自己能看懂的速记符号，对你以后也会有用的，当然不是说让你去学速记啊。心理抗压能力就是说你要相信自己，不要怕，好好译，镇定一点，通顺不掉东西，应该就能过了。

至于词汇，如果有时间最好还是背一下，如果时间不够，就把上面提到的第二本教材里面的词汇吃透，工程量已经很大了。

我当时没有背过词汇，就是这本书，准备了一个月，过了。祝你也过。

问: 什么是全国外语翻译证书考试

答: 全国外语翻译证书考试是教育部考试中心与北京外国语大学合作举办，在全国实施的面向全体公民的非学历证书考试。全称叫National Accreditation Examinations for Translators and Interpreters (NAETI),主要测试应试者笔译和口译能力。目前只有英语一个语种，将来要扩展到其他语种。

该考试分为笔译和口译两大类，各含三个级别。考试合格者可分别获得初级笔译证书、中级笔译证书、高级笔译证书；初级口译证书、中级口译证书、高级口译证书。

●初级笔译证书：本证书证明持有人能够就一般难度的材料进行英汉互译，能够胜任一般性文件或商务等方面材料的翻译工作。

●中级笔译证书：本证书证明持有人能够就普通英汉原文材料进行互译，能够胜任一般性国际会议文件、科技或经贸等材料的专业翻译工作。

●高级笔译证书：本证书证明持有人能够担任大型国际会议文件及各种专业性文件的翻译、译审及定稿工作，能够承担政府部门高级笔译工作。

●初级口译证书：本证书证明持有人能够承担一般性会谈或外宾日常生活的口译工作。

●中级口译证书：本证书证明持有人能够承担一般性正式会议、技术或商务谈判，以及外事活动的专业口译工作。

●高级口译证书：本证书证明持有人能够担任国际会议的口译或同声传译工作，能够承担政府部门高级口译工作

问: 全国外语翻译证书考试从何而来?

答: 全国外语翻译证书考试的前身是北京外国语大学面向社会实施的一种英语翻译资格认证考试，原名为英语翻译资格证书考试，包括口译和笔译两种形式的认证。在此之前全国尚没有一个统一的、面向社会的翻译资格认定考试，对有关人员的翻译能力做出评估。该考试于2001年11月在北京地区首次举行，2002年在全国部分地区实施。该考试一经推出就得到了社会各界的关注和欢迎。

随着对外交往、国际合作的日益增多，对具有一定水平的专职翻译人员的需求、培养和认证也突显其重要性。为了适应社会对翻译人员的需求，同时使该项考试更加完善、更为规范，教育部考试中心和北京外国语大学经过协商，合作举办该项考试，并将该项考试更名为全国外语翻译证书考试。

教育部考试中心与北京外国语大学的合作充分体现了强强联手、优势互补的结合。依托北京外国语大学在外语翻译专家和教学方面的资源，发挥教育部考试中心在教育测量和考试实施方面的优势，使全国外语翻译证书考试愈加完善，广为推广，便利考生，更好地为社会服务。

问： 通过这个考试有什么好处？

答： 首先，目前国内没有一个统一的翻译资格认定考试机构，从事翻译的人员无法对自己的翻译能力作出评估。其次，我国加入WTO后，与世界的交往会更加紧密，社会对外语人才，尤其是具有一定水平的翻译人才的需求会更多、更迫切。目前，国内从事翻译工作的人数众多，良莠不齐，翻译资格认定工作迫在眉睫。北外是我国创办最早的外国语大学，多年来为我国政府机关等单位培养了一大批高级译员，新中国几代领导人的翻译均出自北外。北外的毕业生以其优秀的外语口笔头表达能力，一直受到用人单位的青睐和英语国家教育界的高度评价。因此，考取北外英语翻译资格证书不仅是自身语言运用能力的最佳证明，更是求职就业的理想途径。

问：考试由谁命题？

答：“全国外语翻译证书考试”是由该考试委员会组织专家命题，命题专家由北外和其它院校的著名学者，国际口译协会成员组成。

问: 全国外语翻译证书考试证书的颁发、适用范围是如何规定的？

答: 本考试的证书由教育部考试中心和北京外国语大学联合颁发。本证书可供各机构录用或考核工作人员时参考。

??? 全国外语翻译证书不仅是对考生自身语言运用能力的权威认定，更提高了证书持有者求职就业的竞争力。

问：该证书的有效期为多长？

答：本考试证书，终身有效。

问： 口译大概要考多长时间？

答： 各级别的口译均大约30分钟。通过高级口译录音考试者还要参加面试，面试时要考同声传译。

问：什么样的人才有资格参加这个考试？

答： 1．本考试专门对广大从业人员和在校大学生的英语实际翻译能力进行科学考核并提供权威认证。对报考资格无年龄、职业、以及受教育程度的限制，任何人都可以根据自己的实际水平选择参加口译或笔译的一个证书考试。

2．由于口译和笔译考试都是相对独立的，所以可以同时报考某个级别的口译和笔译。

问： 是不是要先通过笔译考试，然后才能参加口译考试？

答： 本考试分笔译和口译两种，二者各分初、中、高三个等级，共六种翻译证书考试。口译能力强者可以直接报名参加口译考试。

问： 我的笔译能力很强，但口译做得不太多，可能报考高级笔译和初级口译吗？

答： 可以。

问： 我是非英语专业大学本科毕业生，通过了大学英语六级考试，我应该报考哪个级别呢？

答： 本考试各个级别的难度大致为：初级，北外英语专业本科二年级或二年级以上水平；

中级，北外英语专业本科毕业或研究生水平；高级，北外高级翻译学院毕业生或以上水平。您已经通过了大学英语六级考试，建议您先考初级。

问： 我是英语专业大专毕业生，在一家合资企业当翻译两年多了，平时主要是翻译产品说明书和商务合同，外商来时也负责接待工作。我应该报考口译和笔译的哪个级别呢？

答： 鉴于您有一定的英语基础，并在翻译方面有一些实践经验，平时工作以笔译为主，建议您从初级考起。

问： 笔译怎么考？

答： 本考试重点考核考生实际从事翻译工作的能力，因此考试的题型和内容近似于实际工作中所碰到的情况。笔译考试分为两部分，英译汉和汉译英各2-3篇文章。初、中、高级考试的时间分别为

3、

4、6个小时，各级别考试所译文章长度不一，级别越高所译文章越长，难度也越高。

问： 口译怎么考？

答： 口译采取听录音做翻译的方式。考生在语音室内头戴耳机，听到一段英文或中文讲话后把它们分别译成中文或英文并录到磁带上。讲话的长度从初级的250词/字到高级的600-800词/字不等，讲话当中一些停顿，停顿的时间不等。对于初级而言，讲几秒钟甚至几十秒钟后停下来让考生进行翻译，留给考生翻译的时间约为播放录音时间的1-1.5倍。对于中级而言，讲1分至1分半钟后停顿下来让考生进行翻译，留给考生翻译的时间约为播放录音时间的1-1.5倍。对于高级考生而言，讲3至5分钟后停顿下来让考生进行翻译，留给考生翻译的时间等于播放录音的时间。口译时，考生需要做笔记或速记，并充分利用停顿的时间进行翻译。

问： 口译面试由谁来考？

答： 由考试委员会聘请的专家进行面试。

问:? 怎样才能得到全国外语翻译证书考试的证书？

答: 全国外语翻译证书考试的各个证书考试是各自独立的。通过任何一个证书考试都可获得相应的证书。口译和笔译均采用A、B、C、D四级记分法，口译各部分都在B（含B）以上为合格，除高级口译外，通过录音考试就可获得证书，通过高级口译录音考试的考生还要参加面试，面试合格才能获得证书。笔译试卷中各部分都在B（含B）以上为合格。考试合格就可获得证书。

问:? 如何得到全国外语翻译证书考试的考试大纲以及其他复习资料？

答: 教育部考试中心制订的全国外语翻译证书考试各项考试的考试大纲详细介绍了全国外语翻译证书考试的背景、级别标准描述、适应人群、考试形式、试卷结构及各项考试的样卷，并附有口译录音带样带。考试大纲是规范命题、考生应考和教师辅导的依据。同时为了帮助考生学习和准备考试，北京外国语大学负责组织编写、出版和发行与本考试有关的教材和辅导资料。

问：可以拿到考过的试题和样带吗？

答： 今年首次考试的试题将放到网上，考生可直接登陆到

http://www.daodoc.com查找。

问：有没有针对这个考试的辅导班？

答： 有。北京外国语大学专门成立了翻译资格证书考试培训中心，负责培训工作。需要培训的考生可报名参加。

问：这个考试的通过率有多高？

答：本考试不控制通过率。考生只要达到了既定要求，就可以拿到证书。

问：全国外语翻译证书考试每年举办几次，什么时候举行？

答: 全国外语翻译证书考试初级和中级每年开考两次。每年五月和十月各举行一次。高级口译和高级笔译仅在每年的五月举行。具体考试时间为五月和十月的第四个周末。

问：如何报名参加考试？

答： 全国外语翻译证书考试由教育部考试中心下设的各个考点负责报名和考试的组织实施。考生可以就近报名，考生凭本人的有效身份证件报考（注：有效身份证件指居民身份证、护照、军警人员证件、户口本等），报名时需按要求提供相关信息，1张1寸的近期正面免冠照片，并按规定交纳报考费用。

问： 考试怎么收费？

答： 初级笔译考试费400元，初级口译500元，中级笔译600元，中级口译700元，高级笔译和口译均为1200元。

问： 我是外地考生，可以在当地报名吗？

答： 除北京外，在全国各地还设有十几个考点，考生可以就近报名。设点情况，请参阅附录。

问： 什么时候可以知道成绩？

答： 考试结束大约10周后。

第14篇：口译

很高兴时隔5年再次来到达沃斯，出席世界经济论坛2015年年会。达沃斯小镇十分宁静祥和，但我们所处的世界却并不平静，国际社会需要应对新局势。我还听说，达沃斯曾经是治疗肺病的疗养地，因为盘尼西林的发明而转型。时至今日，达沃斯已经成为“头脑风暴”的智力中心，世界也需要新的“盘尼西林”来应对新挑战。 It gives me great pleasure to come to Davos again after five years to attend the World EconomicForum Annual Meeting 2015.Davos is a town of peace and serenity, yet the world outside is nottranquil.We need to work together to shape the world in a new global context.I was told thatDavos used to be a resort for recuperation from lung diseases, and the later discovery of Penicillinchanged that.Now it is a place for people to gather and pool their wisdom for \"brain-storm\".Personally, I find this more than relevant, because our world also needs new forms of \"Penicillin\" totackle new challenges that have emerged.

毋庸讳言，当今世界远非太平，地区热点、局部冲突以及恐怖袭击等此起彼伏，对人类社会构成现实威胁；全球经济又复苏乏力，主要经济体走势分化，大宗商品价格反复波动，通货紧缩迹象更雪上加霜。不少人对世界前景抱有悲观情绪，认为不仅和平与安宁出了问题，发展也难见曙光。

Admittedly, the world today is by no means trouble-free.Regional hotspots, local conflicts andterrorist attacks continue to flare up, posing immediate threats to humanity.Global economicrecovery lacks speed and momentum.Major economies are performing unevenly.Commodityprices are going through frequent fluctuations.And signs of deflation have made the situation evenworse.In fact, many people are quite peimistic about the future of the world.They believe thatthe guarantee of peace is weak, and the prospect of development is elusive.

有哲人说过，当问题出现的时候，不能用曾经制造问题的办法去解决它。老问题的解决，不能再从对抗、仇恨、封闭中谋答案；新问题的应对，更要在对话、协商、合作中找出路。我们要吸取历史经验，运用时代智慧，寻求各方利益的最大公约数。人类在艰难时刻，总是能激起突破困境的勇气，迸发出变革创新的力量。

A philosopher once observed that we cannot solve problems by using the same kind of thinking weused when we created them.Indeed, old problems can no longer be solved by clinging to theoutdated mindset of confrontation, hatred and isolation.Dialogue, consultation and cooperationmust be explored to find solutions to new problems.It is important that we draw leons fromhistory, and pool our collective wisdom to maximize the convergence of interests amongcountries.Fortunately, in time of hardship and trial, mankind have always been able to find thecourage to get out of the predicament and move ahead through change and innovation.

面对复杂的国际局势，我们主张要坚定维护和平稳定。今年是世界反法西斯战争胜利70周年。保持世界和平稳定，符合各国人民共同利益。二战后形成的国际秩序和普遍公认的国际关系准则，必须维护而不能打破，否则繁荣和发展也就无从谈起。国家间应摈弃冷战思维与零和游戏，“赢者通吃”是行不通的。任何地区热点和地缘冲突，都应坚持通过政治手段、以和平方式寻求解决。我们反对一切形式的恐怖主义。中国将继续走和平发展道路，维护地区稳定，无意与任何国家一争高下。世界各国都要像爱护自己的眼睛一样爱护和平，让文明理性正义之花开遍世界。

In a world facing complex international situation, we should all work together to uphold peace andstability.This year marks the 70th anniversary of the victory of the world\'s anti-Fascist war.Touphold peace and stability serves the interests of all people in the world.The world orderestablished after World War II as well as generally recognized norms governing internationalrelations must be maintained, not overturned.Otherwise, prosperity and development could bejeopardized.The Cold War and zero-sum mentalities must be abandoned.The \"winner takes all\"approach will not work.Regional hotspots and geopolitical conflicts must be resolved peacefullythrough political means.Terrorism, in all its manifestations, must be opposed.China remainscommitted to peaceful development and regional stability.And China has no intention to competewith other countries for supremacy.Peace in the world must be cherished the same as we cherishour eyes, so that the achievements and benefits of civilization, including reason and justice, willprevail.

面对多元的世界文明，我们主张要共同促进和谐相处。文化多样性与生物多样性一样，是我们这个星球最值得珍视的天然宝藏。人类社会是各种文明都能盛开的百花园，不同文化之间、不同宗教之间，都应相互尊重、和睦共处。同可相亲，异宜相敬。国际社会应以海纳百川的胸怀，求同存异、包容互鉴、合作共赢。

In a world of diverse civilizations, we should all seek to live in harmony.Cultural diversity, likebiodiversity, is a most precious treasure endowed to us on this planet.And human society is like agarden where all human civilizations bloom.Different cultures and religions need to respect andlive in harmony with each other.While maintaining the natural close ties among those with whomwe see eye to eye, we also need to respect those with whom we disagree.Like the vast oceanadmitting all rivers that run into it, members of the international community need to worktogether to expand common ground while accepting differences, and seek win-win progrethrough inclusive cooperation and mutual learning.

面对多变的经济形势，我们主张要大力推动开放创新。国际金融危机爆发7年来的实践证明，唯有同舟共济，才能渡过难关。在相互依存的世界里，各国有权根据自己的国情制定经济政策，但是也应加强同其他国家的宏观政策协调，扩大利益汇合点，实现共同发展。欧洲有谚语讲：“面对变革之风，有人砌围墙，有人转风车。”我们倡导顺势而为，坚定不移推进自由贸易，旗帜鲜明反对保护主义，积极扩大区域经济合作，打造全球价值链，迎接新科技革命的到来。宏观政策固然重要，但结构性改革势在必行，这是国际社会的共识。尽管难度很大，但也应该坚持去做，这样才能形成全球创新合力，增强世界发展的新动能。

In a world facing volatile economic situation, we should all work to promote opening-up andinnovation.What has happened since the outbreak of the international financial crisis seven yearsago proves that to work in unity is the surest way for countries to get over the difficulties.We areall interdependent in this world.While we each have the right to adopt economic policies in line withnational conditions, we need to strengthen macro-policy coordination to expand the convergenceof interests and achieve common development.An European proverb says, \"when the wind ofchange blows, some build walls, while others build windmills.\" We need to act along the trend of ourtime, firmly advance free trade, resolutely reject protectionism, and actively expand regionaleconomic cooperation.We need to build global value chains, and seize the opportunity of a newtechnological revolution.While the international community agree on the importance of macro-policies to the economy, they also recognize the urgency to go ahead with structural reform.Structural reform must be carried through no matter how difficult it is, as it is an effective way tofoster conditions conducive to global innovation and bring about new momentum for globaldevelopment.

女士们，先生们！

Ladies and Gentlemen,

我知道，与会者对中国经济前景很关注，或许有人担忧受到中国经济速度放缓的拖累，还有人担忧受到中国经济转型的冲击。因此，我想多介绍中国的情况。

I know you are all interested in the outlook of the Chinese economy.Some of you may evenworry about the poible potential impact of China\'s economic slowdown and transition.To easeyour concerns, let me spend more time today on what is really happening in China.

当前，中国经济发展进入新常态，经济由高速增长转为中高速增长，发展必须由中低端水平迈向中高端水平，为此要坚定不移推动结构性改革。

The Chinese economy has entered a state of new normal.The gear of growth is shifting from highspeed to medium-to-high speed, and development needs to move from low-to-medium level tomedium-to-high level.This has made it all the more neceary for us to pre ahead with structuralreform.

应当看到，中国经济增速有所放缓，既有世界经济深度调整的大背景，也是内在的经济规律。现在，中国经济规模已居世界第二，基数增大，即使是7%的增长，年度现价增量也达到8000多亿美元，比5年前增长10%的数量还要大。经济运行处在合理区间，不一味追求速度了，紧绷的供求关系变得舒缓，重荷的资源环境得以减负，可以腾出手来推进结构性改革，向形态更高级、分工更复杂、结构更合理的发展阶段演进。这样，中国经济的“列车”不仅不会掉挡失速，反而会跑得更稳健有力，带来新机遇，形成新动能。

It must be noted that the moderation of growth speed in China reflects both profoundadjustments in the world economy as well as the law of economics.The Chinese economy is nowthe second largest in the world.With a larger base figure, a growth even at 7% will produce anannual increase of more than 800 billion US dollars at current price, larger than a 10% growth fiveyears ago.With the economy performing within the reasonable range and the speed of growthno longer taken as the sole yardstick, the strained supply-demand relationship will be eased, thepreure on resources and the environment will be lowered, and more time and energy will bedevoted to push forward structural reform.That means, the economy will enter a more advancedstage of development, with more sophisticated division of labor and a more optimized structure.If Icould compare the Chinese economy to a running train.What I want you to know is that this trainwill not lose speed or momentum.It will only be powered by stronger dynamo and run withgreater steadine, bringing along new opportunities and new momentum of growth.

刚刚过去的2014年，我们就是按照这个思路做的。面对下行压力，我们没有采取强刺激，而是强力推进改革，尤其是政府带头改革，大力简政放权，激发市场和企业的活力。全年GDP增长7.4%，在世界主要经济体中是最高的；城镇新增就业1300多万人，在经济放缓情况下不减反增，登记失业率、调查失业率都是下降的；CPI上涨2%，低于年初预期目标。事实说明，我们出台的一系列宏观调控政策是正确的、有效的。更重要的是结构性改革迈出新步伐。

In 2014, we followed exactly the afore-mentioned approach.In the face of downward preure, wedid not resort to strong stimulus; instead, we vigorously pursued reforms, and the government infact led these reforms by streamlining administration and delegating power.This has motivatedboth the market and the busine sector.GDP grew by 7.4% for the whole year, the best amongmajor economies in the world.Over 13 million new jobs were created in cities, with both registeredand surveyed unemployment rates lower than the previous year.That is, we achieved growth inemployment despite the economic slowdown.CPI was kept at 2%, lower than the target set at thebeginning of the year.These outcomes prove that the host of macro-regulation measures Chinaadopted have been right and effective.More importantly, new progre has been made inadvancing structural reform.

不可否认，2015年，中国经济仍面临较大下行压力。在这种情况下如何选择？是追求短期更高增长，还是着眼长期中高速增长，提升发展质量？答案是后者。我们将继续保持战略定力，实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，不会搞“大水漫灌”，而是更加注重预调微调，更好实行定向调控，确保经济运行在合理区间，同时着力提升经济发展的质量和效益。

Needle to say, the Chinese economy will continue to face substantial downward preure in2015.What shall we choose to do under such circumstances? Shall we go for even higher growthfor the short term, or for medium-to-high growth and a higher quality of development over thelong run? The answer is definitely the latter.We will maintain our strategic focus and continue topursue a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy.We will avoid adoptingindiscriminate policies.Instead, we will put more emphasis on anticipatory adjustment and fine-tuning, do an even better job with targeted macro-regulation to keep the economy operatingwithin the reasonable range, and raise the quality and performance of the economy.

我们正在采取有效措施防范债务、金融等潜在风险。中国储蓄率高达50%，能够为经济增长提供充裕资金。地方性债务70%以上用于基础设施建设，是有资产保障的。金融体制改革也正在推进。我在这里要向大家传递的信息是，中国不会发生区域性、系统性金融风险，中国经济不会出现“硬着陆”。

We are taking effective measures to fend off debt, financial and other potential risks.China\'s highsavings rate, which now stands at 50%, generates sufficient funds for sustaining economic growth.Besides, China\'s local debt, over 70% of which was incurred for infrastructure development, isbacked by aets.And reform of the financial system is making progre.What I want toemphasize is that regional or systemic financial crisis will not happen in China, and the Chineseeconomy will not head for a hard landing.

要看到，中国还是一个发展中国家，实现现代化还有很长的路要走。和平是中国发展的基础条件，改革开放和人民对幸福美好生活的追求是发展的最大动力。中国城乡和区域发展空间广阔，国内需求潜力巨大。以中高速再发展

一、二十年，中国的面貌就会持续改善，也会给世界带来更多发展机遇。

It must be pointed out that China is still a developing country and still has a long way to go beforeachieving modernization.While peace is the basic condition for China\'s development, reform andopening-up along with our people\'s desire for a happy life constitute the strongest impetuspropelling development.The space of development in China\'s rural and urban areas and variousregions is enormous, and the country\'s domestic demand will simply generate great potential ofgrowth.Development at medium-to-high speed for another ten to twenty years will bring evenbigger changes to China and create more development opportunities for the world.

中国经济要顶住下行压力，实现“双中高”，就需要对传统思维“说不”，为创新体制“叫好”，下决心推进结构性改革。要创新宏观调控，增添微观活力，调整城乡、区域和产业结构，促进比较充分的就业特别是年轻人的就业，改善收入分配和民生福祉。这需要付出艰辛努力，但是我们将不畏困难。只有沿着促改革、调结构的路子坚定走下去，才能使中国经济长期保持中高速增长，发展迈向中高端水平。

For the Chinese economy to withstand downward preure, and to maintain medium-to-highspeed of growth and achieve medium-to-high level of development, we need to say \"no\" totraditional mindset.We must encourage innovative institutions, and pre ahead with structuralreform.We need to adopt more innovative macro-regulation policies and develop a more vigorousmicro economy.We need to promote more balanced development of industries, between ruraland urban areas and among regions.We need to ensure relatively high employment rate,especially sufficient employment for the young people.And we need to optimize incomedistribution and raise the people\'s welfare.All this certainly calls for tremendous efforts.Yet we willstay undaunted in the face of difficulties.We will unswervingly pre ahead with reform andrestructuring to ensure that our economy maintains medium-to-high speed of growth andachieves medium-to-high level of development.

中国经济要行稳致远，必须全面深化改革。用好政府和市场这“两只手”，形成“双引擎”。一方面要使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用，培育打造新引擎；另一方面要更好发挥政府作用，改造升级传统引擎。

To ensure long-term and steady growth of the Chinese economy, we need to comprehensivelydeepen reforms.We need to properly use both the hand of the government and the hand of themarket, and rely on both the traditional and new engines of growth.We will let the market play adecisive role in resource allocation to foster a new engine of growth.At the same time, we will givebetter scope to the role of the government to transform and upgrade the traditional engine ofgrowth.

我们说要打造新引擎，就是推动大众创业、万众创新。中国有13亿人口、9亿劳动力、7000万企业和个体工商户，人民勤劳而智慧。如果把全社会每一个细胞都激活，就会使整个经济肌体充满生机，进而汇聚成巨大的推动力量。大众创业、万众创新蕴藏着无穷创意和无限财富，是取之不竭的“金矿”。

To foster a new engine of growth, we will encourage ma entrepreneurship and innovation.China has 1.3 billion people, a 900-million workforce, and over 70 million enterprises and self-employed businees.Our people are hard-working and talented.If we could activate every cell insociety, the economy of China as a whole will brim with more vigor and gather stronger power forgrowth.Ma entrepreneurship and innovation, in our eyes, is a \"gold mine\" that providesconstant source of creativity and wealth.这使我想起30多年前的中国农村改革，放开搞活，让农民自主决定生产经营，调动了广大农民的积极性，结果只用了短短几年时间，就解决了长期没有解决的吃饭问题。制度创新激发了亿万人的创造力，也改变了亿万人的命运。两个月前，我去了中国东部的一个村庄，那里有700多户人家，却开设了2800多家注册网店，每天向世界各地售出超过3000万件各类商品。这就是勤劳肯干大众创业的生动写照。

Speaking of this, I think of China\'s rural reform conducted more than 30 years ago.The reform brought farmers\' initiatives into full play and allowed them to decide for themselves matters related to rural production and management.Consequently, the problem of hunger that previously haunted China was solved in just a couple of years.In short, a structural innovation that unleashed the creativity of the people changed the lot of hundreds of millions in China.I also think of a small village I visited two months ago in eastern China.In the village were some 700 households and over 2,800 registered online stores.Each day, more than 30 million items of various sorts were sold to different parts of the world.The story of the village speaks vividly of the hard-working Chinese people actively engaged in entrepreneurship.

今天的中国，需要开发活力的新源泉。活力来自多样性，多样性的碰撞产生智慧的火花，点燃创新发展的火炬。大众创业、万众创新不仅能释放民智民力，扩大内需和居民消费，增加社会财富，增进大众福祉。更重要的是，让所有人都有平等机会和舞台实现人生价值，推进社会纵向流动，实现社会公平正义。

Going forward, China needs new sources of dynamism to carry development forward.Dynamism comes from diversity, which sparks wisdom and fosters innovation.Ma entrepreneurship and innovation serves to unleash people\'s ingenuity and power.It will result in greater demand and residents\' consumption, greater social wealth, and greater welfare for the people.More importantly, it will bring opportunity for many and give people the stage to reach life\'s full potential.It will also bring about greater social mobility, equity and justice.

管制束缚创新，竞争促进繁荣。我们将进一步深化行政体制改革，继续取消和下放行政审批事项，全面清理非行政许可，推行市场准入负面清单制度，为市场主体松绑减负。这也有利于压缩寻租和腐败的空间。我们将依法保护知识产权，尽力营造鼓励进取、宽容失败的环境，同时保护各类合法产权。

Exceive regulation discourages innovation, and healthy competition is the way to prosperity.We will deepen reform of the administrative system.This means we will continue to abolish or delegate to lower-level governments items previously subject to State Council review and approval.We will comprehensively sort out items requiring non-governmental review and approval, and put in place a negative-list approach for market acce.This will incentivize market players, and help reduce the poibility of rent-seeking and corruption.We will protect intellectual property rights in accordance with the law, and do our best to foster an environment that encourages entrepreneurship and tolerates failure.Moreover, we will give protection to all sorts of legal property rights.

我们说要改造传统引擎，重点是扩大公共产品和公共服务供给。中国经济发展虽然取得很大成就，但公共产品与服务不足仍是“短板”。目前，中国人均公共设施资本存量仅为西欧国家的38%、北美国家的23%；服务业水平比同等发展中国家低10个百分点；城镇化率比发达国家低20多个百分点。这当中蕴藏着公共产品与服务的巨大空间。增加这方面供给，属于政府分内的职责，是改善民生的必要举措，也是扩大内需的重要推手。 To transform the traditional engine of growth, we will focus on increasing the supply of public goods and services.China has made remarkable economic achievements, but inadequate supply of public goods and services remains a weak link in development.China\'s capital stock on public infrastructure, in per capita terms, is only 38% that of Western Europe and 23% that of North America.The development of its service sector is 10 percentage points lower than other developing countries at similar development stages.And its rate of urbanization is more than 20 percentage points lower than developed countries.This means a maive space for increasing public goods and services.To deliver such public goods and services to improve people\'s lives is the government\'s responsibility.They are also important ways to boost domestic demand.

今年，我们确定了包括中西部铁路、水利工程、各类棚户区和城乡危房改造、污染防治等重点投资领域。政府在加大财政投入的同时，不再唱“独角戏”，而是通过深化投融资改革，打破垄断，吸引社会资金和外资参与，采取政府和民营合作（PPP）、中外合作以及政府购买服务等方式，放大投资效应。如近年中国西部省区建设一家污水处理厂，需要资金3.35亿元人民币，成功吸引德国一家水务公司参与投资，德方股比占到70%。

This year, we have identified some key areas for investment, including building railways in central and western provinces, constructing water conservancy projects, rebuilding rundown urban areas and old houses in cities and villages, and preventing and controlling pollutions.The government will increase investment in these areas, and it will not act alone.Efforts will be made to break monopoly and reform the investment and financing systems to encourage the participation of private and foreign capitals.The model of public-private partnership (PPP), Sino-foreign cooperatives and government purchase of services will be adopted to better leverage various investment sources.I have an example here to cite.A few years ago, the plan was made to build a sewage treatment plant in a province in western China, and a total of 335 million RMB yuan was needed.The project later attracted investment from a German water company, with the German side controlling 70 percent of the total shares.

我们将推进财税改革，给企业尤其是服务型企业减税降费，推出扶持中小企业的新举措。深化金融改革，继续推进利率、汇率市场化，加快发展中小金融机构特别是民营银行，发展多层次资本市场。推动价格改革，大幅缩减政府定价种类和项目，最大限度放开价格管制。同时，注重发挥政府在“软环境”建设中的作用，扮演好市场监管的角色，打造国际化、市场化、法治化的营商环境，为所有市场主体提供优质高效的公共服务。

Moving forward, we will deepen fiscal and taxation reform, reduce the tax and fees charged to businees, particularly those in the service sector, and take new steps to support SMEs.We will deepen reform of the financial system, continue to promote liberalization of interest and exchange rates, and accelerate the development of small- and medium-sized financial institutions, private banks in particular, with a view to developing a multi-tiered capital market.We will speed up reform of the pricing system, substantially reduce the types and items for which the government sets the prices, and liberate price regulation to the maximum extent poible.More emphasis will be given to the government\'s role in creating a favorable \"soft environment\".That means better market regulation, a world-cla busine environment established on market principles and the rule of law.In this way, we will be able to provide efficient and quality public services to all market players.

女士们，先生们！ Ladies and Gentlemen,

中国改革与发展将给世界带来更多商机。我们将进一步放宽外资准入，探索准入前国民待遇加负面清单管理模式，对中外企业一视同仁，重点有序扩大金融、教育、文化、医疗、养老等服务业对外开放，推广上海自贸区经验，让各国投资者能挖掘出源源不断的“富矿”。

China\'s reform and development will bring more busine opportunities to the world.We will provide easier market acce for inbound foreign investment, and explore the poibility of management based on a pre-establishment national treatment and negative-list approach.Chinese and foreign companies will be treated as equals.We will further open the financial, education, cultural, medical care, pension and other service sectors in an orderly way, and bring the experience of the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone to other parts of China.Our aim is to help investors from acro countries find \"rich mines\" and reap steady returns from their investment.

我们还将创新对外投资合作方式，中国高铁、核电、航空、电信等优势行业“走出去”，对接当地市场需求，也是在国际市场竞争中接受检验。其中不少产品本来就是中外合作生产的，出口本身就是共同开拓第三方市场。我们提出“一带一路”建设，愿与相关国家需求相结合，合作推进。

What is more, China will explore new approaches to investment cooperation with other countries.China\'s high-speed railway, nuclear power, aviation, telecommunications and other sophisticated manufacturing capacities are gradually being introduced to other countries.They could meet market demand of the recipient country, and stand the test of competition on the international market.Their export will also help open up third-country markets, as many of such products are made by joint ventures between China and a foreign country.China has put forward the initiatives to build the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road.China hopes to work with other countries to advance these initiatives and ensure that they are brought forward in ways that meet the actual needs of countries concerned.

瑞士达沃斯是世界滑雪胜地。大家知道，滑雪有三要素：速度、平衡、勇气。对中国经济而言，就是要主动适应新常态，保持中高速度的增长，平衡好稳增长和调结构的关系，以壮士断腕的勇气推进改革。只要我们坚持改革开放不动摇，着力推进结构性改革，推动大众创业、万众创新，扩大公共产品、公共服务供给，用“双引擎”助力“双中高”，中国经济就一定能够摆脱“中等收入陷阱”的“魔咒”，走上持续健康发展的轨道，同时为世界经济带来更大机遇。

Davos of Switzerland is a world-famous ski resort.As we understand, to be a good skier, one needs to do three things: go at the right speed, keep balance and be courageous.I believe this also holds true for the Chinese economy.What is important now for China is to adapt to the new normal.China will maintain medium-to-high speed of growth, keep a proper balance between steady growth and structural adjustment, and push forward reform with great courage and determination.China will stay firm in its commitment to reform and opening-up.It will focus on structural reform, encourage ma entrepreneurship and innovation, increase supply of public goods and services, and use the twin engines to ensure that the economy maintains medium-to-high speed of growth and achieves medium-to-high level of development.As long as we succeed in doing so, the Chinese economy will succefully overcome the \"middle-income trap\" and move ahead along the path of sustainable and sound development.This will in turn bring greater opportunities to the world economy.

我相信，只要国际社会携起手来，坚守和平稳定的底线，秉持和谐相处的理念，激活开放创新的动力，就没有克服不了的艰难险阻，我们赖以生存的这个世界就会迎来一个更加美好的未来！

In closing, I would like to call upon the international community to forge ahead and work in unison to uphold peace and stability, embrace harmonious coexistence, and boost the impetus for openne and innovation.By doing so, I am confident we will be able to overcome whatever difficulty or obstacle that stand in our way, and bring about a better future for the world that we all call home.

谢谢大家。

Thank you very much.

第15篇：口译

Unit One Reception

Paage 1 汉译英

欢迎希尔博士和夫人来访上海。请允许我Welcome to Shanghai , Dr.and Mrs.Hill.Please allow me to introduce 自我介绍。我叫洪健信，是中美制药有限公myself.My name is Jianxin Hong.I\'m deputy managing director of the 司的副总经理。久闻先生大名，我在研究生Sino-American Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd.I\'ve long heard of you and as a 学习时期所写的两篇论文中曾参考了您的研matter fact, I referred to your research findings in a couple of my papers

during my graduate studies.究成果。

我为能在上海接待您和您的家人而深感愉 It gives me such a great pleasure to meet you and your family here in 快，我很高兴我们能在今后的半年里合作共Shanghai and I\'m very glad that you will be working with us for the next 事。我们将给您配备两名实验助手。必要时six months.We\'ll provide you with two lab aistants and if neceary, 我们还想请您的一名同事一起参加我们的这we would like to invite one of your aociates to join us.项研究工作。

你若愿意的话，我们想把你先安排在市中心 If you don\'t mind, we\'d like to accommodate you (put you up) at the 的假日酒店下榻，从假日酒店开车40分钟可Holiday Inn, which is located in the downtown area, a forty-minute 到我们的实验室。旅馆住宿费由公司负担。drive from our lab.The company will pay for the hotel rooms.Our 如果你们不喜欢假日酒店，也可以搬到公司guesthouse , a small family-style apartment building, is also available to 的招待所去住，我们的招待所是一幢家庭式you if you decide to move out of the hotel.The guesthouse is located in 公寓小楼，地处浦东张江高科技园区，环境Zhangjiang High-Tech Park of Pudong on the other side of the Huangpu

River, a beautiful and peaceful environment that has never failed to 优美安宁，人见人爱。

attract any visitor.

不论您选择住在何处，我相信您和您的家人 In any case, I hope you and your family will enjoy your stay in this city.都会喜欢这里的生活。我们会尽力为你们服We\'ll do everything we can to accommodate you and make you 务，使你们在上海有种舒适如归的感觉。您comfortable.If you should encounter any inconveniences in your life 在生活或工作中若有不尽人意之处，请立即and work, do not hesitate to let me know and I\'ll glad to help you out.与我联系，我很乐意为您排忧解难。

今晚总经理将设宴为您洗尘，请您携家人一 Our managing director will host a reception banquet in your honor

tonight, and we would like you and your family to come to the dinner 起光临。我们晚上再见！

this evening to meet our managing director.I\'ll see you again then. Paage2 英译汉

Hello, I\'m Robert Brown from Stanford University.I\'m very 您好！我是从斯坦福大学来的罗伯特布朗。我很高happy to meet you here in this land of wonder.兴在这个充满奇观的国家与宁您见面。

I\'ve been looking forward to visiting your great country, and I feel 我一直期待着能够访问这个伟大的国家，同时我very honored and pleased that I\'ll be working with my Chinese 为自己能够在贵汽车工业集团的总部所在地与colleagues in the head office of your automobile group.As you know, 中国同事合作共事而深感荣幸和愉快。您知道这this is my first visit to China, and I\'m here to witne with my own 是我第一次访问贵国，来这里亲眼目睹对我来说eyes the magical power of the once very remote \"Oriental Dragon\".曾经是非常遥远的“东方巨龙”的风采，领略其神You can imagine how excited I was when I received your invitation 奇的魅力。您可以想象当我收到您邀请我前往中to join you in your project.Back in my college days, a profeor of 国与您共事的信后我是多么激动。我大学时期有Oriental civilization introduced me to the wealth of Confucianism 一位教东方文明史的教授，他使我萌生了一种难and Taoism, and bu doing that he planted in the depths of my mind 以言表的“中国梦”。 the inexplicable\" China dream\".And I\'m even more excited now that I\'ve set foot on the beautiful 自从踏上中国这片美丽的国土后，我的心情更为land of China.I\'ve had my \"China dream\" for years and I\'m here to 激动。我多年来魂牵梦绕的中国之旅竟然可以在realize this dream.Just think this charming cosmopolitan city is 此得以实现。可不是吗，我在年内都能以这座迷going to be my home for the remaining days of the year !There\'s so 人的国际大都市为家，真是棒极了。想了解的这much to learn about this mysterious country, from the ancient 个神秘之国的东西太多了，从古老的文明到当代civilization to the current reform.I\'m really looking forward to my 的改革，这一切我都想知道，我期盼着尽快开始Chinese life.我的中国生活。

I\'ll maximize this opportunity to learn as much as I can and make 我要充分利用这次机会尽可能地多了解中国，对as many friends as I can.I promise I\'ll become a real Chinese 交一些中国朋友。我相信，不久我便会成为一名expert in no time.中国通的。 Of course, I\'ll work closely with my Chinese colleagues on our 当然啰，我一定会与中国同事密切合作，尽力搞research projects, through which I believe I\'ll realize my \"China 好我们的研究项目，我认为这样做能够最有成效dream\" in the most rewarding direction.地实现我的中国梦。 Unit 2 Ceremonial Speech

Paage 1 中译英 副总统阁下、威廉斯夫人，贵宾们，女士Your Excellency Vice President and Mrs.Williams, Distinguishing Guests, 们、先生们：

我为能在此设宴招待威廉斯总统和夫人以及其他贵宾而深感荣幸和愉快。我愿借此机会向各位来宾表示热烈的欢迎。我此时的心情可以用孔子在《论语》中的一句话来表达：“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎。”

显而易见，威廉斯副总统的这次访问表明了阁下愿意继续推进我们两国之间友好合作关系的决心。我深信，两国高层领导人之间的频繁互访，不仅有助于我们两国之间关系得改善，而且还有助于亚太地区地区乃至整个世界的和平与稳定。

我们两国建交以来的这些年里，我们在政治、经济、贸易、文化、教育、科技、卫生等领域里进行了真诚的、卓有成效的合作。值得一提的是，自从我们两国总理互访以来，我们在近海石油勘探和汽车工业方面的合作进展神速。我们对在这些领域里所取得的成就深感满意，并愿意与贵国政府和人民一起继续努力，将我们的合作关系推向一个新的高度。

女士们、先生们，谋求持久的世界和平和全球经济繁荣是我们共同愿望。正是本着维护世界和平、保证共同发展与持续繁荣的精神，我们制定了现行的外交政策和经济政策，发展与各国平等互利的友好关系。我们很高兴地看到，贵国一贯奉行谋求世界和平的政策，在过去的十年中始终与我们保持着良好的贸易伙伴关系。我期待着与威廉斯副总统就双边关系的发展，以及亚太地区和我们共同关心的其他一些国际问题举行会谈。

在我结束讲话之际，我请各位于我一起举杯，为威廉斯副总统和夫人的身体健康，

Ladies and Gentlemen,

It is my privilege and great pleasure to host this banquet in honor of Vice President and Mrs.Williams and other distinguished guests.I would avail myself of this opportunity to extend my warm welcome to you all.A remark in The Analects of Confucius can best expre what I feel now, “It is such a delight to have friends coming from afar!”

Evidently, Vice President Williams’ current visit has demonstrated his Excellency’s determination to further enhance the friendly and cooperative relations between our two countries.I’m deeply convinced that a frequent exchange of visits between the top government officials of the two countries is beneficial not only to the improvement of our relations, but also to peace and stability of the Asia-Pacific region and the world as a whole.

Over the years since the establishment of diplomatic relations between our two countries, we have carried out sincere and rewarding cooperation in political, economic, trade, cultural, educational, scientific and technological, public health and other fields.In particular, our cooperation in offshore oil exploration and automobile industry has been advancing rapidly ever since the exchange of visits between your Prime Minister and our Premier.We’re very satisfied with the development in these areas, and we’re willing to make further efforts with your government and people to push these cooperative relations to a new height.

Ladies and gentlemen it is our common wish to seek sustained world peace and persistent global economic prosperity.It is in the spirit of safeguarding world peace and ensuring common development and prosperity that we have made our current foreign policies, as well as our economic and trade policies, and wish to promote our friendly relations with other countries on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.We are very pleased that your country is in persistent pursuit of a world peace policy and has kept a decade-old good trading partnership with China.I am looking forward to holding talks with you on the international iues of common interest.

In closing, I would like you to join me in a toast。To the health of Vice President and Mrs.Williams, 为所有贵宾们的身体健康，为我们两国之间持久的友谊与合作，为世界和平与繁荣，干杯！

Paage 2 英译中

To the health of all our distinguished guests, To the lasting friendship and cooperation between our two counties, To the peace and prosperity of the world, Cheers!

市长先生阁下，中国朋友们，女士们、先生们，

这是我首次访问你们这座美丽的城市，我为此深感荣幸。我愿借此机会，代表我们代表团的全体成员，对我们东道主的诚挚邀请，对我们一踏上这块充满魅力的土地便受到的友好款待，向东道主表示真诚的感谢。与此同时，我很高兴这次访问给予我一次极好的机会，向Your Honor Mr.Mayor, My Chinese friends, Ladies and Gentlemen, I feel honored to come here on my first visit to your beautiful city.On behalf of all the members of my miion, I would like to take this opportunity to expre our sincere thanks to our host for their earnest invitation and gracious hospitality we have received since we set foot on this charming land.I am also very happy that this visit has given me an excellent opportunity to convey to you and to the people of Shanghai warm greetings and sincere good wishes of the government and people of our country.Although we live with a distance of thousands of miles between us, “Long distance separates no bosom friends,” as one of your Tang poets said.

The whole world is watching with great interest the remarkable changes that are taking place in China, particularly in Shanghai, a thriving and robust megalopolis.To our great amazement, this country boasts a two-and-half decade persistent economic growth, which is unequalled elsewhere in the world.China’s miraculous rise as one of the strongest economic powers in the Asia-Pacific region has attracted, and will continue to attract, a growing number of busine, manufacturing and financial giants in our country to invest in China, particularly to invest in a number of long-term projects in Shanghai and its surrounding areas.Over the last decade, there has never been any place other than Pudong that holds so much attraction for our people in the busine community.It is with this awarene that we have come here to seek better ways of promoting our economic and financial cooperation.One of the objectives of my miion is to sign our Investment Protection Agreement and Intellectual Property Rights Protection Agreement.I am also seeking poibilities of establishing, through partnership with our Chinese colleagues, a joint consultancy firm that will provide services for transnational corporations in Shanghai.

Last but not least, I would like to extend in person our official invitation to the mayor of Shanghai.We would like His Honor to visit our city at his earliest convenience, so as to give us an opportunity to return the warm reception and hospitality we enjoy here.I greatly cherish the close relationship between our two cities.I also greatly value the position we enjoy as one of your most important trading partners.In spite of the worldwide economic receion in recent years, there has been a steady growth in our economic cooperation and trade volume.It is our sincere wish that we continue to work closely together to enhance our friendly relationship and to ensure a sustained growth in our economic, financial and trade cooperation. On the occasion of this reception, I wish Mr.Mayor and all our Chinese friends present here tonight good health! Thank you.

市长先生和上海人民转达我国政府和人民的热烈问候和诚挚的良好祝愿。虽然我们远隔万里，但贵国唐朝的一位诗人说得好，“海内存知己，天涯若比邻。”

整个世界都在以极大的兴趣注视着中国正在发生的巨大变化，尤其是注视着上海这座蓬勃向上的特大型城市所发生的巨大变化。令人惊讶的是，25年来中国经济强劲持续增长，没有哪一个国家可以与其媲美。中国奇迹般地迅速崛起为亚太地区最具实力的经济强国之一，吸引了并将继续吸引我国越来越多的商业、制造业和金融业的巨头来华投资，尤其是上海及其周边地区的许多长期项目上投资。在过去的十年里，没有任何一个地方像浦东那样对我国商业界产生了如此之大的吸引力。正是基于对这一状况的认识，我们来到上海寻求进一步发展我们在经济和金融方面进行合作的更好的途径。我此行的目的之一就是缔结我们的《投资保护协定》和《知识产权保护协定》。我此行的另一目的是希望能与中国同行携手建立一家以在上海的跨国公司为服务对象的合资咨询服务机构。

最后，我此行的又一项重要任务是向上海市长面呈来访问我市的正式邀请，希望市长阁下在其方便的时候尽早访问我市，以便使我们能有机会来回报我们在这里受到的热情款待。 我非常珍惜我们两座城市之间的密切关系，我也非常重视我们作为你们最重要的贸易伙伴之一所享有的地位。尽管近年来世界经济处于不景气的状态，我们之间的经济合作和贸易额却一直在稳步增长。我们真诚地希望彼此之间继续密切合作，发展我们的友好关系，确保我们在经济、金融和贸易方面的合作持续发展。

请允许我借此机会，祝愿市长先生，祝愿出席今晚招待会的所有中国朋友，身体健康！

第16篇：口译 期末

第2章 9-10 英译汉

1.我非常高兴今天早上能够来到这里，宣布中国西部国际经贸洽谈会召开。我要感谢四川省人民政府邀请我们来参加这次重要的盛会。 2.我很荣幸能够在人民大会堂讲话。国际劳工组织非常高兴能够和社会与劳动保障部共同组织这次活动。

3.在此，我想X才所有与会专家和代表的严谨的研究态度、严肃的学术讨论和不懈的研究工作表示深深的敬意。

4.在我们的共同努力下，讨论巳经实现了交流和寻求未来机遇的目标。我们不仅在会上讨论了问题，在会后也交换了意见，并且决定将进一步合作。 5.最后，请允许我代表组委会对所有尊贵的来宾和代表表示感谢，谢谢你们来参加这次会议。由于你们的支持和帮助，我们的会议取得了圆满成功。 6.非常感谢您的盛情款待。但是我们这次访问贵公司所期望的还远远不止这些。我知道我们之间存在一些误解，希望今天的交流能够让我们更好地了解彼此、克服障碍。

7.我十分高兴我们的访问取得了如此大的成功。相信我们所建立的合作将会带领我们实现双贏。而且，也衷心希望我们的合作能够永远持续下去。 8.我祝愿你们的事业在今天、在未来的岁月中都能够蓬勃发展。谢谢！

汉译英

1.I am very pleased to take part in today\'s event, and I am truly honored to have this opportunity of exchanging with elites in this industry and discuing the blueprint for development.2.Taking this opportunity, I would like to thank our aociation and all the Mends in this industry for your concern, support and caring to my company.I sincerely hope that this cooperation and friendship can last forever and constantly make achievements.3.I sincerely wish that friends present today can continue enhancing understanding, friendship and cooperation as well as making joint development.With greater paion, better service and stronger performance, we can return more to you and to our society.4.I want to expre my gratitude to the host for giving us such a wonderful chance to have a platform for communication.5.I feel honored to visit this beautiful city for the first time.Taking this opportunity, please allow me, on behalf of all my delegation, to extend our sincere appreciation to the host for the hospitality.6.There was a poet in ancient China who once said, \"Long distances separate no bosom friends.\" What a pleasure that we can get together here today! 7.Finally, I would like to propose a toast to the health of Mr.President and his wife, our guests and all the friends and comrades present.Cheers! 8.To organize a large-scale tournament needs a large amount of manpower.Therefore, I would like to thank the great efforts that the organizer has made for the succe of the competition.And my thanks also go to the People\'s Government of Tianjin and sponsors.

第4章

50-51 英译汉

1.你方的支付条款是什么？

2.从我们的合同样本中，你可以知道，我们要求货款以保兑的、不可撤消的、允许分装和转船、见票即付的信用证支付。3.你是否能破例接受付款交单或承兑交单的支付方式呢？ 4.如果在我们的商品投放到市场时，其他进口商的同类商品巳经以盈利的价格在销售， 那我们就输给别人了。

5.我们想在5月底之前拿到货物以便赶上销售旺季。6.恐怕我方将不得不到别处购买而取消这笔生意了。

7.你方给我方订单装运的货物质量与双方所商定的规格不符，因此我们必须向你们提出索赔。

8.根据你方的报价，我们不得不大幅度减少原定的购买量。9.考虑到我们之间的友好关系，对你方这批试购的货物我们准备破例接受付款交单的方式付款。

10.我方希望你方认真考虑商业信誉并立即开出信用证，否则，由此造成的一切损失将由你方承担。

汉译英

1.The L/C must reach us one month before shipment.2.If one side fails to observe the contract, the other side is entitled to cancel it 3.We\'ll do our best to meet your demand.Since your order is quite large, would you like to accept partial shipment? 4.We generally require the L/C to remain valid until the fifteenth day after shipment.5.The goods will be inspected by the China Commodity Inspection Bureau.It will then iue a certificate of quality and a certificate of weight.6.It is likely that the goods were spoiled to make weight short during transit.A claim would be lodged with the insurance company.7.May I have an idea of the time of your invitation for bid? 8.1 know your products have a good reputation.But what if the weight is short or the quality is poor? 9.According to international practice, bidders need to pay a cash deposit or hand in a letter of guarantee from a commercial bank.10.If a bidder fails to win the bid, the cash deposit or the letter of guarantee will be returned to him/her within one week after the decision on award is declared.

第7章

108-109 英译汉 1.经过一年多卓有成效的工作，今天我们十分高兴地宣布：我们已经成功完成关于中国私营企业的研究，这是同类研究中的第一份,并编成了题为《中国新兴的私营企业新世纪的前景》的新书。 2.如果没有国家经贸委的支持和澳大利亚政府慷慨的资助，我们是无法走到今天的。我们非常自豪地向政府机关和广大民众展示这本书，之后我们将很高兴回答媒体的提问。

3.这是中华人民共和国政府和巴布亚新几内亚的共建项目。中国政府提供了 1,075 万美元补贴贷款作为项目资金。这是巴布亚新几内亚首个同类项目。工厂建成后， 每年将生产1万吨精炼盐。工厂运行30年后将归当地政府所有。

4.距世界水日还有两天，请让我代表联合国开发计划署，首先感谢各位的到来以及对\"改善水资源管理和中国农村地区饮用水安全\"项目的重视。

5.我代表联合国驻华系统和联合国开发项目，欢迎各位参加\"农民工法律援助律师工作促进网\"的启动仪式。

6.这个项目旨在支持法律从业者在他们的工作中帮助贫穷和弱势群体。广大律师的参与和国际国内有关机构的合作使得这个项目具有创新性，并且从发展的角度来看很有前景。 7.我们希望这个项目不仅可以促进扩大农民工及其家庭获得司法公正，而且还可以促进政府和民间组织之间更密切地合作，帮助中国社会中的贫穷和弱势群体获得平等权利。

8.在此，我要感i射部里为社区做出的巨大贡献以及为获得实质性改善所采取的必要措施。

汉译英 英译汉1.Today is the launching of Canon 2008 DV new products.It is also the very first communication between Canon and media friends in this year.Please allow me, on behalf of Canon, to expre my sincere appreciation and welcome to all of you.2.In this year, Canon introduced various excellent products to the Chinese market.And with the expansion of market strategy, after-sales service has been strengthened at different fronts.In 2007, the sales volume of Canon increased by 30%, which has exceeded the target of $1 billion.3.The launch of CRTs FM service in Laos is the fruit of the wisdom of two creative peoples and a symbol of the enhanced friendship between two governments.4.We hope CRI Lao 93.0 FM will grow further and become a faithful friend of the people of Laos.5.This launching ceremony is held at the end of the year.The major objective is to introduce our research results of organic products to friends.Also, we would like to cooperate with the research institutions in Beijing suburban area.Jointly, we will promote the development of aquaculture in Beijing suburbs and offer people in Beijing with organic, nutritious, healthy and safe aquatic products.6.This is the eential measure of Dongfeng Automobile to meet the challenges of China\'s acceion to WTO, to invigorate national automobile industry, to build the No.l brand of Chinese busine cars through advertisement innovation and to promote domestic vehicles in the international market.7.The leading actor of today\'s launching ceremony is the new product of yogurt department of our company~Yili LGG Yogurt.This is another important achievement by introducing high-technology to our company and improving the quality of our products.What worth mentioning is that the new LGG yogurt has inherited the good quality of Yili products and strong fashionable characters and vibrant factors were added to this new product.8.What\'s more, the functions of LGG enable it to take the leading role in international probiotics area.It is recognized as the best probiotics in the world.Therefore, Yili yogurt added with LGG, undoubtedly, will represent the highest level probiotics yogurt in China.

第10章

173-175 1.此次访问的主要问题就是要加强\"亚洲户外用品展\"的国际影响力。德国主办方腓德烈斯哈芬展览公司充分肯定和赞许了亚洲户外展项目组前期招商工作，并陪同亚洲户外展项目团队对欧洲重要客户进行了拜访。 2.双方进一步明确通过召开全球巡回推荐会、加大国际广告投人的方式加大对全球招商力度。

3.腓德烈斯哈芬展览公司以欧洲户外展客户资料库为依托，前期向全世界发送了 10万封亚洲户外展的邀请函，在客户资源方面对亚洲户外展给予了强有力的支持，凭借欧洲户外展的品牌知名度，使绝大多数欧洲户外品牌生产商以及代理商对亚洲户外用品展有了更充分的了解。

4.为了确保欧洲户外展丰富多彩的展会配套活动原汁原味地呈现在亚洲户外展上，本次项目组还与德方全面沟通了展会各项配套活动方案。德方认为亚洲户外展目前的配套活动方案既确保了欧洲户外展的特色，又增加了部分亚洲特色，是一个极具创新性的想法。

5.新西兰位于南太平洋，在南纬34度至47度之间。全国大致呈南北方向，从南到北大部份地区有山脉纵贯。两座主要岛屿（南岛与北岛）面积约为266,200平方公里(103,735平方英里），大小约和日本及美国加州相同，比英国略大。 6.新西兰是一个经济结构和政府结构发展十分完善的现代化国家，政府模式以英国的国会制为蓝本。多年以来，新西兰一直是拥有主权的国家，属英联邦成员国，与英国只有松散的关系。

7.新西兰是一个独立自主的国家，也是英联邦成员国。它由多个民族构成，人口 400 万，大多数为英国后裔。新西兰的土著居民毛利人约占总人口的14%。 8.奧克兰是新西兰人口最多的居民点，它位于两大海港之间。奧克兰是新西兰的门户， 它自身也是一个非常好的旅游目的地。游客可以乘渡轮或租船在各岛旅游，步行穿越丛林，徜徉在葡萄园之间，并享受海滨城市的悠闲。

汉译英

1.The biannual Auto China has organized nine expositions from 1990 to 2006.The scale of Auto China has been ever enlarging and the number of participating enterprises has increased while displayed products are updated.The influence is increasingly extensive.It has already become an important event in Chinese and foreign automobile industry.2.For dozens of years, Auto China has maintained its feature of large scale among domestic automobile exhibitions.It followed the concept and characteristic of showing the best products of the most comprehensive brands and being international.It develops from an ordinary profeional exhibition to an internationally influential exhibition.It is now the most authoritative and influential auto show in China.3.In the ninth Auto China held in November 2006, almost all the foreign famous automobile manufacturers had claified it as A-level exhibition.It means Auto China has been in the same cla with the auto shows in Frankfurt, Geneva, Paris, Tokyo and Detroit.4.We believe that the Auto China 2008, as a large economic and trade exchange activity right before Beijing Olympic Games, will play an important role in warming-up for Olympic economy, promoting various trade technological exchange and economic cooperation between Chinese auto industry and international counterparts.5.Daqing is the oil capital of China and an important national energy base.It is located in the western part of Heilongjiang Province with a total area of 21,000 square kilometers and a population of 2.644 million.Currently, there are four counties and five executive districts under its jurisdiction.6.In 2005, the gro product of the city was RMB 140.07 billion.Local financial revenue was 4.85 billion yuan while the investment in fixed aets was RMB30.27 billion.7.As the largest oil production base in China, Daqing has accumulatively produced 1.86 billion tons of crude oil, accounting for 47% of all the inland crude oil production in the same period of time.8.Daqing has reliable government service, fair development platform and excellent investment environment.Following the international rules of market economy, it has made a series of incentive policies for attracting investment.

第17篇：CATTI口译

CATTI口译考试开考在即，今天，将我本人总结的口译考试近8次考试真题词汇列与此，供广大学子参考。 注：左边为原文 右边为译文 城市发展

livable city宜居城市 metropolitan 大都市 street furniture公共设施 urban populations城市人口 地名和地理 东京 Tokyo TK 多哈Doha DH 洛杉矶 Los Angeles LA 伦敦 London LD 内陆省份inland areas Africa非洲 AF Bonn 伯恩 BN Brazil巴西 BR Bruels布鲁塞尔 BR Cambodia 柬埔寨 KH China中国 CN Copenhagen哥本哈根 CP Darfur达尔富尔 DF East Asian Region东亚地区 EA Gabon加蓬 GB Germany 德国 DE Greensberg, Kansas堪萨斯州格林斯堡 GSB, KS Heiligendamm海利根达姆 HD Hong Kong香港 HK Hong Kong Special Administrative Region香港特别行政区 HKSAR India印度 ID Johannesburg约翰内斯堡 JB Laos老挝 LA Latin America拉丁美洲 LTA Libya利比亚 LY Pittsburg匹斯堡 PB Mexico墨西哥 MX Republic of Korea韩国 SK San Francisco旧金山 SF Scotland 苏格兰 SC Seoul首尔 SL Singapore新加坡 SP South Africa南非 ZA South Asia南亚 SA South Sahara Africa南撒哈拉非洲 SSA Sudan苏丹 SD Toronto多伦多 TT UK 英国 UK Vienna 维也纳 VN Yangtze River 长江 购物、消费

电子购物electronic shopping 购物清单shopping list 商品促销commodity promotion 网上购物on-line shopping after-sale service售后服务 brand name品牌

retail channel零售渠道；零售商信息 advertising slogan广告标语 国际组织和会议 《服务贸易总协定》GATS 美国博物馆协会American Museum Aociation 亚欧首脑会议Asia-Europe Meeting African Union非洲联盟

Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation 比尔和米琳达盖茨基金会 contact group联络小组

Declaration on Education for All全民教育宣言 G8八国集团 G20二十国集团

MWB工商管理硕士无国界组织 NGO非政府组织

permanent member of the UN Security Council联合国安理会常任理事国 United Nations Charter联合国宪章 UNICEF联合国儿童基金会

Universal Declaration of Human Rights世界人权宣言 Secretary General联合国秘书长 World Bank世界银行 WHO世界卫生组织 WTO世界贸易组织 环保

地震earthquake 警戒线alarming line 空气质量air quality 空气污染air pollution 蓝天行动Blue Sky Movement 能源energy 能源价格energy price 气候变化 climate change 人均水资源per capita water resource 信息时代information age 信息通讯技术information communication technology carbon emiion 碳排放 challenge 挑战

common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities共同但有区别和各自能力的原则 coral reef珊瑚礁 dilemma 两难境地 drought 干旱 eco-city 生态城

emiion intensity排放强度 energy efficiency 能源效率 energy security 能源安全

environmental degradation环境恶化 environmental impact环境影响 global energy market全球能源市场 global fishery全球渔业

global resource crisis 全球能源危机 green technologies 绿色技术 low carbon economy 低碳经济 low carbon technology 低碳技术 natural resources自然资源

oil producers and oil consumers石油生产国和消费国 pioneer 先锋；领跑者；先驱 pollutant 污染物 power station 发电站 rainforest雨林

renewable energy可再生能源 resource 资源

scientific development 科学发展 terrestrial biodiversity地上生物多样性 top soil表层土壤 sustainable energy supply可持续能源供给 sustainable development可持续发展

unsustainable pattern of production and consumption不可持续的生产和消费模式

vicious circle恶性循环

water conservation and water supply水储存和水供给 交通、军事

变换线路change route 倒车reverse; drive back 海军navy 航班flight 空军air force 陆军army 小排量汽车small-engine car 执法机构law enforcement agency public transportation system公共交通系统 教育 调查survey 高等教育higher education 手艺craftsmanship; skill 研讨会seminar 职高vocational school adolescence to adulthood青春期到成年期 case studies案例研究 cognitive认知的 curriculum课程 education 教育

gender equality性别平等 know-how实用知识；诀窍 MBA工商管理硕士 Ph.D Degree 博士学位 podium讲台

presentation报告

quality education质量教育 research institution科研机构 re-skill技能培训 ripple effect连锁反应 sub-par education低水平教育 trainees学员 经贸、金融、商务

本地注册local registration 保护主义protectionism 财政货币政策financial and monetary policy 产业升级industrial upgrading 城镇新开工项目new urban construction project 刺激经济增长boost economic growth 高新技术产业high-tech industry 工业产值industrial output （规模以上）工业增加值the added value of industries (above a designated scale) 固定资产投资fixed aets investment 管理经验management expertise 国内需求domestic demand 合格率percent of pa 宏观经济政策macro-economic policy 宏观调控macroeconomic control 积极财政政策proactive financial policy 积极稳妥active and prudent 家电下乡 “Home Appliance to the Countryside Program” 金融机构financial institution 金融市场动荡financial market unrest 经济复苏economic recovery 经济健康平稳增长sound and steady development of economy 经济结构调整economic restructuring 可支配收入disposable income 跨国公司multinational corporation; transnational corporation 款式pattern; design 利率interest rate 联盟alliance 粮食播种面积grain acreage 贸易壁垒trade barrier 贸易投资trade and investment 强农惠农政策policy to strengthen agriculture and benefit farmers 人均现金收入per-capita cash income 社会消费品零售总额retail sales of consumer goods 社会主义市场经济体制socialist market economic system 适度宽松的货币政策moderately easy monetary policy 生物生化制品manufacturing industries in biological and biochemical products 市场预期market expectation 食品安全food security 税负tax burden 收入分配income distribution 同比提高year-on-year growth 投资增速investment growth 现代化modernization 相互投资two-way investment; mutual investment 消费品工业consumer goods industry 外来直接投资foreign direct investment 一揽子计划package plan 银行存款准备金率required reserve ratio for commercial banks 佣金commiion fee 战略环境strategic environment 证券securities 装备制造业equipment manufacturing industry 资本市场capital market boost growth促进增长 brochure宣传小册子

busine networking业务网络 capital needs资本需求

continued reform and opening up 深入改革开放 cooperate governance合作管理 credit market信用市场 distribution分销 domestic market国内市场 economic contraction经济紧缩 economic catastrophe经济灾难 economic development经济发展 economic growth经济增长 economic priority经济首要任务 economic model 经济模式 economic recovery经济复苏 expand operations扩展业务 export of goods 货物出口 export of service 服务出口 free market自由市场 financial crisis 金融危机 finance director金融主管 financial market金融市场 financial reform金融改革 financial regulation金融监管 financial service金融服务 financial system金融体系 financial stability金融稳定 global credit crunch全球信用困境 global demand全球需求 global framework全球框架 global standard全球标准 human resources人力资源 investment 投资 liquidity流动性

London Stock Exchange伦敦股票交易中心 market 市场 marketing市场营销 market economy市场经济

market-oriented reform以市场为导向的改革 market potential市场潜力

macroeconomic stimuli宏观经济刺激

medium-term fiscal stability中期财政可持续性 new phase of development发展新阶段 non-profit organization非营利性组织 office 办事处

out of poverty脱贫；脱离贫困 pension and insurance 退休金和保险 pension fund退休金基金 product innovation产品创新 quantitative ease量化宽松 retirement account退休账户

soaring commodity prices 飞涨的商品价格 state owned enterprise国有企业 strategic partners 战略合作伙伴 stock market股票市场

submit applications to提交申请

sustained economic growth可持续经济增长 trade 贸易

world leading financial sector世界领先的金融组织 科技

半导体semiconductor 编程programme 电器electric appliance 电信服务telecommunications services 电子公告栏系统BBS 电子商务electronic commerce 蜂窝电话cellular telephone 光纤optical fiber 计算机辅助教学CAT 开发软件software development 聊天室chat room 人机交互human computer interaction 上网冲浪online surfing 数字技术digital technology 特技动作stunt 通信交换设备communication switch equipment 网站开通website launching broadband line宽带 digital age数字时代

industrial automation 工业自动化 industrial base 工业基地

information search proce信息查询 innovation 创新 real time 实时 research paper论文

science and technology科学技术 scientific research科学研究 seamle 无缝

technological advance技术进步 社会、民生 艾滋病aids 安保措施security measures 安全人员security personnel 独生子女政策one-child policy 非典SARS 改善民生improve livelihood 公众代表public representative 肥胖症obesity 结核病tuberculosis 粮食安全food security 马桶stool; toilet 农民工migrant worker 疟疾malaria 求职面试job interview 社会福利social welfare 社会各阶层人士 people of all trades 社会救助机制mechanism for social relief 死亡率death rate; mortality rate 糖尿病diabetes 听证会hearing 突发事件emergency 洗衣机laundry machine 遥控玩具remote control toy 应急机制mechanism for emergency handling 自然灾害natural disaster civil society公民社会 ethnicity种族 food security食品安全 health insurance 健康保险 HIV/AIDS艾滋病

individual donation个人捐献 job applicant 就业者 job creation创造就业 malnutrition营养不良 middle cla中产阶级 minimum wage最低工资 poverty贫穷

reducing poverty消除贫困 refugee难民

residential community居民区

socio-economic background社会经济背景 welfare system福利体系 体育

北京奥运会Beijing Olympic Games 长走 hiking 马拉松 Marathon 慢跑 jogging 模拟演习drill; rehearsal; practice 骑自行车cycling 散步 walking 盛会grand event 体能 stamina 体育馆 indoor stadium 志愿者volunteer amateur业余爱好者 外交

对外交流协会Foreign Exchange Aociation 南南合作south-south cooperation平等互利equality and mutual benefit 全面战略伙伴关系comprehensive strategic partnership 外交的diplomatic 重要纽带important tie bilateral relation双边关系 relationship 关系 艺术和文化

传统装饰品traditional ornament 观众开发audience development 广东艺术博物馆Guangdong Museum of Arts 音乐会 concert 展览规划exhibition planning 展览设计exhibition design 中国结Chinese knot 作曲家composer cultural relics文化遗迹 gala 特别庆祝；盛大活动 symphony交响乐 政治 包容性增长inclusive growth 发展中国家developing country 分裂主义splittism 国际惯例international convention; international practice 国家安全national security 国家核心价值观core value of the nation 国家战略national strategy 国民士气citizen morale 极端主义extremism 决策decision making 科学发展观scientific outlook on development 恐怖主义terrorism 民族团结ethnic solidarity 全面协调可持续发展comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development 统筹城乡发展、统筹区域发展、统筹经济社会发展plan the development between cities and countryside, different regions as well as economy and society 以人为本people oriented 政府资源government resource 主权和领土完整sovereignty and territorial integrity 综合国力comprehensive national power 祖国统一national unity accountability mechanism问责机制 ceasefire停火 combating terrorism打击恐怖主义

Congre of the Chinese Communist Party中国共产党代表大会 Cultural Revolution文化大革命 daunting challenge严峻挑战 deepen partnership深化合作 Five-year Plan五年计划 globalization 全球化

government intervention政府干预 ingenuity独创性

international politics国际政治 integration一体化；融合

long-term prosperity and stability长期繁荣稳定 mandatory target 强制目标

Millennium Development Goal千年发展目标 mutual interest共同利益 national policy国家政策 putting people first以人为本 sovereignty主权

universal rights普世权力 其他常用词汇和词组 部署deployment 筹备工作preparation 辞旧迎新at the turn of the new year 道德规范ethics 动力motivation 广泛而深入broad and in-depth 徽标emblem 渐进/循序渐进gradual 里程碑milestone 领先地位take a leading role 慢性和非传染性疾病chronic and non-infectious disease 每隔一周every other week; every two weeks 能力建设capacity building 农机agro-machinery 全方位、多层次all-dimensional and multi-layered 驱使drive 商品房commercial housing 使命感和紧迫感a sense of miion and preure 思维方式way of thinking 隐私方面privacy 有形的tangible 征兵soldier recruitment 专项整治rectification 装备arming adapt oneself to 适应„ bumper丰盛的；轰轰烈烈的 cataclysm灾难

concerted action一致行动 consensus一致

daunting challenges令人怯步的挑战 disparity不平等 dogmatism教条主义 dwindle减少；缩小 hinterland腹地 herald预示„的开始 inclusive包容的 indigenous土生土长的 initiative倡议

in line with跟„一致；符合 integrity诚信 impoverished贫穷的 long-term vision远见卓识 microorganism微生物 momentum趋势；势头 nationalism民族主义 on a par with 与„不相上下 overtake追赶

parallel平行的；相对应的 perfectionist 完美主义者 propriety适度

pull someone back from the brink将某人从悬崖边拉回 regardle of无论；不管 robust强有力的 sanitation卫生 single out挑出 slick聪明的 soar翱翔；猛涨 stand blows 经受起打击 steadfast坚定地

stretch acro the board 覆盖广泛 stretch to the limit几乎枯竭 stuck with 受困于 under strain 遭受压力 unprecedented前所未有的

第18篇：口译经济

On October 22, 2009, the Chinese government announced that third quarter GDP had risen by 8.9% on a year-on-year basis.On October 15, 2009, the Chinese government announced that FDI in China in September had risen by 18.9% year-on-year, the second straight month of FDI growth.The government also reported that foreign exchange reserves had risen to $2.27 trillion as of September 2009, up $358 billion since February 2009.Table 2.Comparisons of U.S., Japanese, and Chinese GDP and Per Capita GDP in Nominal U.S.Dollars and PPP, 2008 Country Nominal GDP ($ billions) GDP in PPP ($ billions) Nominal Per Capita GDP Per Capita GDP in PPP United States 14,441 14,441 47,496 47,496 Japan 4,909 4,333 38,566 34,040 China 4,416 8,161 3,325 6,150 Comparisons美国，日本和中国国内生产总值和人均国内生产总值

名义美元结算和PPP，2008

国家

名义GDP

（十亿美元）

国内生产总值的购买力平价

（十亿美元）

名义平均

人均国内生产总值

人均

国内生产总值的购买力平价

美国 14441 14441 47496 47496 日本 4909 4333 38566 3.404万

中国 4416 8161 3325 6,150

China\'s gro domestic product would increase 8.4 percent this year In June, the bank raised its forecast of China\'s economic growth rate in 2009 to 7.2 percent from its earlier forecast of 6.5 percent.

Ardo Hanon, the bank\'s lead economist for China, attributed the poible faster growth to the Chinese government\'s maive fiscal and monetary stimulus.

China registered an economic growth rate of 8.9 percent in the third quarter and the figure for the first nine months stood at 7.7 percent, according to the National bureau of Statistics in October.

The report said China would see robust growth continue in 2010, and rising exports would help drive growth.

Hanon said China\'s economy would rely more on domestic consumption and a more flexible exchange rate policy should be worked out as the U.S.currency would continue weakening.

The bank advised China put more emphasis on consumption and services rather than investment and industry with an aim of achieving balanced and sustainable economic development.

Conditions were not yet ripe for major tightening, but, in the context of abundant liquidity, risks of aet price bubbles and misallocation of resources did exist, and the government should be well prepared for them, said Louis Kuijs, the bank\'s senior economist in Beijing.

所以2009年分季度的数据有所调整，2009年一季度增长6.2%，过去的数据是6.1%，二季度增长7.9%，三季度增长9.1%，最初的数据是增长8.9%，四季度增长10.7%。消费价格(CPI)比上年下降0.7%

6、进出口总额全年下降，自11月份由降转升。全年进出口总额22073亿美元，比上年下降13.9%。11月份进出口总额同比涨幅由负转正，当月增长9.8%，12月份增长32.7%。去年全年的出口12017亿美元，下降16%；进口10056亿美元，下降11.2%。进出口相抵，去年的贸易顺差1961亿美元，比上年减少994亿美元。

2009 GDP 335353万亿，增长8.7%

2010 上半年GDP增长11.1% ，二季度上涨10.3%

2009 中国GDP 位列第三，逼近日本。人均GDP位列100（3678？），日本人均GDP达到39731 美国最大贸易国，中国于2009年超德国成为最大出口国，中国在全球贸易中有其主导作用。 中国3大贸易伙伴：美，日，欧 财政政策从“稳健”转向“积极”，货币政策从“从紧”转向“适度宽松”。

第19篇：口译心路

我的网名叫做jacky， 大学在青岛市念书，4年，中国海洋大学的计算机科学与技术。我并不象很多人那样关注现在的流行，超级女声，快乐男声，加油！好男儿，李宇春，张靓颖或者周笔畅，我甚至可能也不知道谁是全国7进6，8进7，我可能还不知道有关满城尽带黄金甲，巩俐和章子怡的最新消息，可是我却知道第六轮六方会谈的结果，我也知道中国暴雨洪灾的后果，受灾地区，我还有着一段值得人驻足的一段经历。

毕业之后工作两年，辞职孤单一人来到北京准备考研。

当初准备的是北外的高翻学院，也就是大家俗称的同传专业。但是那时候除了看的是同传的高薪之外，还有自己提高自己的英语水平。

我一开始，英语程度也就是6级，但是经常锻炼口语，所以交流很流畅。这是我惟一的优势，其他的，没有工作，计算机专业，看来都不是什么好事情。可是我有着很多人没有的一样东西。 那就是坚定的毅力。这样是我后来能够成功被录取的最重要的一点。

从那年1月开始，我认真准备，但是当时对于高翻没有清晰的概念，所以很幼稚的觉得，把一套新东方推荐的60篇文章背诵下来，然后背诵GRE词汇就可以解决问题了。结果，大概一个月之后，发现语言运用能力的确有所提高，但是要是参加考试远远不够，因为那时候开始接触，发现根本看不懂。于是在网络上疯狂的搜索和高翻相关的内容，论坛，网站，blog等等，也开始获得了大量的信息。其中几个重要的网站在这里推荐一下：

如果你想要找一个最综合的口译资料资源练习方法的网站，就去这里看看

http://kouyitianxia.ttsite.com/index

（口译天下http://www.daodoc.com/forum/index

（经济学家杂志网http://www.daodoc.com/）

如果你要考北外，那么究一定要经常到北外专门的校内网去看看最新的消息，还有很多牛人在哪里发帖，

北外星光： http://www.daodoc.com/）

这些是主要的一些论坛，接下来我说自己的努力过程的时候会提高他们的用处

为了能够清晰明了的说明我自己的努力过程，我把自己针对每一个考试所必需掌握的技能，进行的练习列出来：

英语基础------中英互译新概念3，4册， 新东方精选60篇文章，张培基散文50篇，实用口译教程全部，现代汉英口译教程， 现代汉英口译教程练习册，然后熟练背诵，这一共7本书！其实还有很多其他的我背诵了只有2-3遍的，就不想提了。这些书腰背诵至少3-4遍，我自己背诵了大概有10遍左右，之后总结当中重要的，自己不熟练的句型，词组等等，要针对自己。

听力------这个是我自己感到最重要的，为了锻炼听力，我找到了普特论坛，并且严格的每天跟着一起训练，方法大家都可以在论坛上找到。每天听写BBC，因为voa太简单，大概一个月左右就可以完全听懂。 所以我一直坚持精听BBC直到那年9月份，我找到了一个软件，可以把音频变速，叫做NV player，大家搜索，可以找到并且免费下载，其他的软件我也尝试了，但是基本上都还是声音会失真，但是这个软件只会加快速度，声音不会失真。之后我开始把BBC变速听，变到1。1，1。2，，，，，最后倒了2倍速，你听起来这个变速可能没有什么大不了的，但是当你真正的用这个软件开始听的时候，才发现，就算是从1。1跳到1。2你都会有很多东西突然间就听不懂了，与此同时，我还每天下载联合国网站的会议现场和白宫的会议现场，不断的变速听，而且普特论坛上又各种各样的材料共我选择，我也在不断的精听，精练，倒了10月，我开始精听BBC2倍速，同时开始了我正式的同传练习，是的，我已经可以进行同传了，不过都是同传UN的现场，还有白宫的现场，每天都是一个小时左右，大概过了一个月，我开始同传voa新闻，新闻的同传，在同传界是一个忌讳，也就是说没有人去做新闻同传，因为信息集中，密度大，速度太快，挑战太大，但是我很勇敢的接受了挑战，并且开始坚持每天同传新闻，因为我发现UN会议和美国白宫的会议太简单了，我每天都会把UN 和美国白宫的会议现场变成2倍速来做泛听，基本上一次就可以听懂了。

新增国内会外会议视频下载---联合国，白宫，英国议会，中国国家新闻办公室

http://kouyitianxia.ttsite.com/thread.php?fid-1831335

后来我曾经尝试一次在安南进行的联合国的演讲录像，直接进行同传，基本上对我来说就是放慢镜头！每次听2倍速的作用就显现出来了，因为最后我发现基本上90%的安南演讲内容我都同传出来了。在此期间，我不但坚持锻炼同传新闻voa，并且开始尝试加速同传，也就是把新闻变速到1。3倍速同传，这个的确非常又难度，但是我还是克服了，这需要很多的勇气还有毅力，很多人会问我，你怎么又这样的动力，我说，他们都源自我的梦想，一个心中的梦想，希望能够成为一个语言运用自如的人，运用自己的天分非常自如的人。于是，渐渐的，我到了12月份，已经可以同传voa新闻的1。5倍速了，这个是非常难的，因为速度很快，而你有必须要同时传译，但是这些都造就了我非凡的反映速度，还有我稳定的心理素质，因为，现在我听人们说话，就真的好像在放慢镜头一般。而且12月份的时候我也开始同传cnn，也是1。5倍速，以及npr，但是bbc我还从来没有尝试过，因为bbc我一直都留给自己做每天的精听

在后来，voa的同传我就变速倒了1。7倍速了，但是这已经是今年的事情了。并且开始进行新闻的记忆，也就是新闻播放并且同传结束后，尽力的会议全部的大概内容，有的朋友可能会说，新闻简单，容易记忆，练习短期记忆还是应该用会议记录，但是我不这么认为，5分钟的新闻可能很短，但是你知道么，这里面往往包括7-8有的时候10个主要事情，而且相互没有联系，如果你能把每件没有联系的事情都记住，那么你记住会议内容会更加简单容易，看到这里，有的朋友会发现，我这个人有些变态，听力听2倍速，记忆非要用新闻练习，，，，pervert！

是的，朋友们，如果你看了很多书，很多自传，你会发现，这个社会里面有所成就的人，基本上从一个角度来说，都是变态，或曾经做过一些变态的事情。但是，从另一个角度来说，这不是变态，这是执著，这是热爱，这是激情。我有一个同传的朋友，在外交部作同传很久，一次跟我聊天听说我听2倍速，立刻就蹦出来一个pervert！ 我笑了笑，没说话。因为我很少对人说这是我的梦想，我什么都可以付出

到了现在，我听任何材料，只要没有陌生词汇，就一定不会又任何障碍，甚至在面对5个欧盟口译司的考官的时候，我有些紧张，但是他们说的英文，即使我紧张的时候，也是让我如缕平川。这就是我的目的。你还记得很多人平时练习的很好，到了现场做会的时候，发言人说话结束，可是她却紧张的说不出话来？ 就是因为平时的练习要超量，倒了现场才能抵消紧张带来的负效应。

目前我看了一些有关快速听力的书籍，发现其实2倍速并不是速度的极限，2。5倍速才是，因为2。5倍速是人的听力速度反弹极限，也就是说，经常练习2。5倍速，再听1倍速，你的听力不会回到1倍速。可以继续保持。所以我目前一致在练习2。5倍速的bbc听力。我也希望如果你真的想从事同传行业，请多投入一些，短期记忆比较容易的是叙事类的，也就是上外和北外复试会考的内容，但是会议内容是不好记忆的，因为有很多数字，很多分类，都需要笔记，而全国三个大型的同传专业考试当中，只有欧盟口译司的这个考试全部都是会议内容，而且数字，年代，月份都非常清楚，当时我摊上的就是一个核问题，所以平时多练习新闻的记忆显得尤其重要。这里就说到笔记的问题，我练习笔记，只用了一本书，林超伦的，全书练习了大概5遍左右，每次一个小时练习一片文章，倒了最后能够基本上进行1。7倍速的播放，同时自己记笔记，但是这里我有一个缺陷，就是局限于书本的模式，每次都是记笔记一分钟长短，这是很要命的，因为欧盟口译司的考官实际上要考察拟的真实能力不会拘泥。我这次考试就吃亏在这里。可是，夺亏我平时练习2倍速听力精听和泛听很多，所以给了我很大的自信心，而且毕竟，我练习笔记都是用的1。7倍速，所以她用常速朗读的时候，时间虽然长了一些，我最后还是表现不错。所以，大家平时还是要多练习其他一些长的内容。具体技巧就是书里面所提高的一些方法，严格的按照步骤来，练习就会有效果。这些就是有关听力的大概情况，实在太多，无法一一想起，只能叙述这些

新闻和杂志--------新闻的理解，记忆很重要，我背诵了大概有100-200篇VOA，和BBC新闻，非常熟练的，大概也背诵了有100篇左右，这些对我理解新闻和杂志很油帮助，背诵之后你会发现，其实新闻的框架基本类似，二杂志业基本上文章都大同小异。你可以翻译，但是这会花去大量的时间，不过这个翻译很好，我曾经坚持了大概3个月左右，每天都翻译1篇文章，但是后来放弃开始转入直接视译，这个大大提高了我的阅读速度，而且我自己理解更有效，也懂得怎样把复杂的语言转化为简单的语言让自己理解更容易。所以我现在视译的能力非常好。在阅读经济学家的同时，我建议大家要注意积累每一个你不熟练和不知道的词汇，这些都是考日积月累的，想要依靠GRE或者其他的解决问题很难。我每天都积累很多词汇，最后会复习。一直到现在还是如此。

词汇---------这也是我最喜欢的一部分，为了增加词汇，我背诵了很多词典，GRE词汇我背诵了自己都不知道多少遍，反正基本上每个周末都会复习一遍，背诵词典事很枯燥的，这是对你的毅力的考验，我第一次背诵GRE，用了1个星期，酒背完了，之后每周豆复习一次，现在基本上6个小时就可以全部背诵一次，不是看，而是背诵。说明我已经非常熟练了，为什么要这样？我听写新闻第一次飞跃就是因为GRE词汇，所以有很多词汇都猜出来了。还有一个是新闻分类词汇，大家可以在北外的书店里面找到，12块钱，大概有2000-3000词汇，这个简单，但是只要背熟练，基本上听新闻不会有障碍，但是全部让你写出来可能还是有问题。另一个词典是口译词典，这个词典对中英翻译很重要，英美报刊词汇，大概有10000词汇，全都是新词汇，这个也要背诵熟练，托福词组，这个是很有用的，尤其是词组的扩充，美国口语词典，对于更好的理解经济学家和口语能力的提升，理解英文文化大有帮助。

上面的都是很好的词典，每一个我都熟练背过，中英，英中，交替背过。而且经常复习。背诵词典事很枯燥的过程，你常常会遇到很辛苦的时候想要放弃，这个时候我要告诉你，之所以很多人无法成功，就是因为跟你一样倒了这个最关键的时候软弱下来。究竟是否坚持，关键在你。等你倒了下一次软弱的时候，你要告诉你自己，实际上会有另外几个人跟你一样优秀，克服了第一层阻力，但是也一样倒了这个时候，很难坚持，是否坚持下去，决定在你自己，如此一次次鼓励自己，，，，这不亚于背诵文章，关键在于你是否喜欢这个行业，如果只是看到了高薪，我想你实在浪费时间，有一天你会后悔自己花了这么多时间作自己不喜欢的事情，而且到最后因为你不喜欢，你很难做好！

这一年，我基本上没有休息过，所有的节假日，我都用来突击单词或者词典。周末都是背诵gre单词或者其他的词汇。

每天基本上都是18个小时的学习时间。

早上6点起床跑步锻炼，打太极拳，这些很重要，保持身心健康

晚上12点准是睡觉，吃饭等等都是准时准点的

所以这一年我没有生病过。

我简单的叙述了我做的考试准备，接下来就是需要接受检验了，其实北外的考试证明了我做得准备有充分的地方，也有不足的地方。北外的考试里面，我得总分过线了，英文分数也很高，但是，我得政治差了2分，结果可想而知，我根本没机会进入复试，但是却被欧盟口译司看上，并且录取了我，我曾经发布了一个帖子，说明我考试的过程，

http://jackyhuang1112.blog.hexun.com/9133481_d （http://jackyhuang1112.blog.hexun.com/）

其实真正的内幕却是倒了今天早上我给了老师电话才告诉我。

初试当中，有两部分，一个是笔试，一个是口式，口试包括中英英中交传。当时由于我不知道口试会直接考交传3分钟录音，很紧张，竟然把英中交传做成了复述！！！ 我很快做完之后，拿掉了耳机，听到周围的人说中文，立刻就傻了！！！！！！！！！

完了，脑子里面第一个年头就是完了，没戏了，彻底没戏了，但是仍然强制自己镇定下来，结果中英交传还好，但是毕竟受到了影响，接下来的笔试之后，我就很快第一个就交卷，找到了老师，说明了自己的情况，但是他说，不可能让你单独再来一次了。等通知吧。 没想到等到了几天之后，竟然真的接到了复试的通知，当时的喜悦如同这次知道复试通过，由于特别兴奋，我还特意问老师，老师，您还记得问我么，就是那个考是第一个结束后就找您的那个学生，他说，呵呵怎么不记得，你是所有考生里面唯一一个把传译做成了复述的人，不管你是谁我都记住了，我听了也心中一紧，感到万分庆幸，我想，还是由于自己笔试得成绩不错，而且语音不错，才给了我这个机会进入复试。

复试的时候的情况，和我后来告诉大家的有些差异。

复试一共4论，自我介绍，即兴演讲，英中现场交传，中英现场交传。每一轮结束后，都需要学生出去，所有的考官一起评价，决定分数，这个就很人性化。

后来我才打电话知道，我在前三论的表现非常好，语音标准，流利，反应迅速，对国际时政了解透彻，给考官留下了很好的印象，甚至到了第四轮考试的时候，轮到了我，那个给我出题的中国考官还小声问旁边的人，还有必要么？ 看来的确有些低估自己的实力了，不过我并不骄傲，还有更多的事情等着我去做，这些仅仅是一个简单的开始。

其实，认真想想，人的一生真的很奇怪的，如果这一切都没有发生呢？

如果初试我就因为把传译做成了复述，而把我排除，就像我因为政治少了两分把我踢出局，我还有机会进入复试么？？？

如果进不了复试，我还可能成为幸运者之一么？

那么我下一年又会经历什么呢？我还会和现在一样精力充沛么？

人的一生太奇妙了，也许真的很多事情都是命中注定的，时间会让我们学会成长，而现在我们也许只能接受一切

后来，为了天下口译人，我办了一个论坛，就叫〈口译天下〉，寓意以口译天下，也表示，是口译人的天下。

http://kouyitianxia.ttsite.com/index

希望能够让所有的，正在寻找口译梦想的人，不再彷徨

第20篇：高级口译

高级口译结束了，如愿拿到了证书，撰文一篇，说说自己在准备过程中的得失，同时也算以一个过来人的身份，写点小经验什么的，嘿嘿，再闷骚一次吧。

高级口译是什么？有人说如果不准备从事口译这一行，考这个证和考托福、GRE没有区别——无非是为了证明自己的英语水平。不过据我看来，高级口译（以下就简称高口了，行话，不还有“寄托”嘛）的名气远不如那两个已经在英语的金字塔上称霸了N年的“寄”和“托”大哥，但是高口有一个特点，它的最终结果不以分数衡量——只有过于不过，也即成功与失败的差别。

鄙人考的这个高口，全称《上海市英语高级口译岗位资格证书》，是个职业资格认证，是全国为数不多的几个知名的翻译资格考试之一。注意，这是个岗位资格证书，所以有了上述的过于不过之分。高口不等于同声传译，几年前官方已经明确表示把同声传译从考试里拿出来。很多人听到口译，最先想到的就是同传。其实口译分好多种，同传只是其中一种。曾经有人说一流口译员应该作同传，但又有人站出来说一流译员应该作交传。我觉得这种争论没多大意义，同传和交传各有特色，前者对反应能力要求高，目的是在第一时间同步把发言人的意思转述给听众，意思达到既可，译语的质量要求不高；而交传则注重准确性，考验速记能力和短时记忆，再有一个小区别：同声传译员都是坐在小屋子里，交替传译员则坐在台上（一般都是这样子的吧，呵呵），想象一下，某个大人物bulabula一阵子，台下听众抬起头看着你，等你把译文讲出来——这就是交传。 高口考什么？

考试分为两个阶段，笔试和口试，两次考试加起来，从听力、阅读、翻译、口译方面全面考察考生的英语综合实力。笔试就是做一份卷子，题目结构和一般英语考试貌似差别不大。笔试分Section

1、2两卷，都有听力、阅读、翻译三部分，但这三部分的难度很有挑战性，Section2比Section1难，而Section1的难度已经超过《全国大学生英语竞赛》好几倍（我说的是C类）。S1的听力有spot dictation和听力选择题（这个不难），而SD无论语速还是内容难度都比上面说的竞赛难，只听一遍不说，每个空还要填至少三个单词，有时还是一整句话，阅读没什么好说的（除了文章都是直接选自英美刊物，如TIME、Economist、Guardian，比较不容易看懂），再就是翻译，S

1、S2分别是英译汉和汉译英。

补充一下，S2比S1难在：note-taking and gap-filling，更变态，先不给你题目，只给一张白纸，两三分钟的一篇文章读完，这时候再发题（文章的缩微版，留着空隙），你要根据自己在白纸上记录的笔记来填空。至今想起这部分还是心有余悸，真不是省油的灯啊！还有限时间的听译（像我这种写字慢的很不占便宜），阅读则由选择题改为笔答。其实文本的难度倒在其次，关键是时间限制，高级口译从头到尾考的就是一个速度，笔试里必须在规定时间内完成听力阅读加翻译，口试则更不用说了。

忽然意识到，人家写高口通过经验的没怎么花笔墨去解释考题的特点，我竟然先费了这些劲来说这个。总之还是方便没接触过的同学也能看懂吧。

有同学跟我说，高口的笔试就是专八的难度。如果有实力拿到300分中的180分，及格了，可以报名参加口试。及格貌似是个不高的标准，但分数平摊到各个题目上去，就不这么容易了。如果你状态不佳，在每部分题目上都磕磕绊绊，七扣八扣就挂了。 过了笔试，恭喜，如果你想参加本次的口试，从笔试结束的那一天起，你有一个半月的时间把自己训练成一个交传译员。一个半月，那是怎样的四十五天啊！

口试绝不是口语（口语只是热身部分），口试以面试形式进行，两位考官（一般是一男一女，我怎么就碰到两个女的呢？），面前两台录音机，一台放题目，另一台录你的声音，供以后有争议的时候参考（一般用不着的吧），两段英语，两段汉语，各一百词/字左右，每段分两小段播放，每段后各有45~55秒暂停时间供口译，你有一张白纸作笔记用，仅此而已。口试能较准确译出80%的内容，就算你合格了。真正的交传可能没这么快的语速，而且也不会规限定如此短的时间，其实言外就是：如果你能挺过口试，进行实战交传问题不大。

你问我口试的内容是什么？回答是，什么都可能考到。那准备什么呢？什么都要准备。

再说一遍，笔试相当于专八水平，而能过口试的，大约只占笔试通过者的十分之一。偌大一栋楼作为考场，几乎见不到笑着出来的考生。这就是含金量。

值得一提的是，高级口译考的是真才实学，所谓考试技巧只占很小的比重，如果你想比较有自信的去参加考试，那么要有相当雄厚的基本功作后盾：词汇起码在8000~10000（熟练掌握），听力达到只要没有生词就一定一遍听懂（这个很现实，因为没有第二次机会），头脑中储备相当数量的翻译句式和规律。说得再玄点，你还必须是一个了解欧美政治、经济、文化，同时又对中国的社会风情、生活百态有深入感知的博学者。

所以，高级口译不是短期内练成的，一年的时间只是个备考时间，前期大量的知识积累必不可少，比我早半年过高口的武文亮学长，总是谦称自己运气好，弄得我也真有点相信，但后来聊天时，其言谈间透出的知识容量，让我脊柱发麻，实在可怕。

在我决定向高口进军时，网络上对其恐怖程度的描述让我看了很没自信，在开始啃那些资料时，根本没想过成功通过这回事，但其间的转机，真的不是运气。 先说说我用的资料们：

基本教材：上海外语教育出版社的《高级口译教程》、《高级听力教程》、《高级翻译教程》，丛书的另外两本用不着。配套的磁带很贵，还不如下载自制的mp3音频。

辅助教材：新东方的《中高级口译考试词汇必备》、《高级口译笔试备考精要》、《高级口译口试备考精要》，《历年真题集》。 再说说说我的起点水平：

词汇已经远低于六级要求，N长时间没看过英文报纸，听力更是久不打理长满了杂草。唯一的优势在于，我的英式发音渐渐趋于成熟，而且多年嗜好欧美电影，也储备了一些零散的背景知识。

鉴于基本功严重匮乏，就从基本功练起吧。

我的计划是这样的：立即开始恶补单词，同时把听力水平能提多高提多高。因为这二者都是要花时间的。我没有时间。我还要学习诊断学、医学影像学（本学期的两大临床桥梁学科），还有一堆杂七杂八的学科事务，我们的生活节律本来就是每天上课后泡在自习室，没有专门的休闲时光，只有珍贵的自习室。怎么办？只能硬从专业里拿出时间了，至于后果，我顾不了那么多。每天早晨课前大约有半个多小时，可以练听力，走在去教室的路上也可以，晚上九点以后开始背单词，其间穿插着做《高级听力教程》的练习，检验听力的效果。

刚接触笔记这个东西，真是头疼，毫无经验头绪，教材上介绍的那点根本不足指点迷津。一方面听力基本功还未明显提高，另一方面练习题寸步难行。那个叫绝望啊。后来知道一种叫“影子练习”的东东（其实是同声传译的基本练习），就是一边放音频，在滞后半句乃至一句话后同步跟读听过的内容，以求训练短期记忆。由于我用的听力原声是CNN的新闻，所以一开始就在用快语速作影子练习，坚持了一个月后，明显感觉有了自信，至少敢做听译练习了（注意只是敢而已）。很多过来人都说，及早养成属于自己的一套笔记体系很重要，我因为迫于词汇和听力的压力，这期间一直没有专门训练笔记法，也确实没有更多的时间了，呵呵。

期末到来，暂时放下高口，备战考试。结果，考试全面溃败，最重要的诊断学得分最不体面。寒假来了，据笔试还有四十余天。我知道该做什么。回到家后，愤愤不满于现状，决定发彪改变一下。但家里毕竟是家里，很多人都说假期带书回家根本看不了，这句话绝对是过来人说的，我的硬盘里还装着几部没看的电影，于是一看不可收拾，偶尔看看单词。家母每进房间来，只是摇头。

那天，当我在妈面前抱怨高口的难度，我如何如何找不到方法，她（头都没抬）只轻蔑的说了一句：

“汝未习耳。”

我忽然醒了，这么长时间以来，我毁在自制力上的事情还不够多吗？而今又到了关口，我难道还想熊一回？自古以来，缺乏自制力者，常遭到无情的嘲弄，有时来自旁观者，有时是命运。不爽是吧！郁闷是吧！对不起，请在自己身上找原因。高口笔试倒数三十五天，我闷骚地把校内状态改成：No vocation, and no destiny 重新开始吧！清点一下目前的储备：两本单词书已经全部过了一遍，加上期间穿插学点《翻译教程》的内容，多少有了些翻译的固定思维，看着文本（汉译英）能视译个大概，开始有那种感觉了。但是，词汇仍然匮乏，阅读的基本功忽略了（本来应该在平时看些外刊的，在学校实在没这个精力了，还是提醒一下，如果可能，一定要加强阅读，找找看外刊的感觉），最缺憾的是，我连试卷的样子还没见过呢。

反正是回家了，要空间有空间，要网速有网速，一切安排自己说了算。听力（基本功+模拟练习）、阅读（从网上看《时代周刊》和《经济学人》+模拟练习）、翻译（尽快完成教程的学习，同时做真题），把一天的时间切成若干块，同步进行。

早晨起来，拿VOA、CNN、BBC，新闻听力作为基本功练习素材，确实不错，一举多得，既练听力，又了解时事，还扩充背景知识（不像四六级听力那些连篇废话）。我一般是第一遍放松泛听，第二遍进入状态竖起耳朵尽力听懂，同时做着影子练习，然后看原文，查生词。我专门建了个文件夹，专门盛那些我不了解的背景知识（比如石油价格上涨的原因、美国两大党的立场、到底什么是中产阶级等等等等），专门建个word文档，整理文本里的生词和一些称谓（比如基地组织是Al Qaeda，呵呵），知识急剧膨胀。

有时为了强化短时记忆，做一阵子新闻的听写，从半句开始，再到一句，很困难，也很费时，但提高很快。总之，一上午基本就是在练听力，完了接着做模拟练习，就是那个spot dictation和note-taking and gap-filling，以及听译，全是按规定时间，掌握速度。刚开始的时候，自信又遭受严重打击，我对缩写、符号等笔记法基本元件的运用很生疏，而且凌乱，有时即便记下了也看不出来，总之，这个时候，听力、词汇、记忆力、笔记的水平任何一环有缺陷都没法得分，何况我几项都不行呢。

外刊内容很深刻，也很难懂，一遍下来不知所云，毕竟缺少感觉，词汇量也不够，更要命的是，人家在文章里的话题是写给本国人看的，很多具有文化特征的调侃和引用我看着根本没感觉，直到上网搜才多少有所启发（所以说平时多看很重要），做题的时候，选择题基本能应付（毕竟一直以来阅读题都是这样的），但正确率不高（看不懂啊），而S2里要把答案写成句子就要命了，弄得我直接不敢做了，先对着答案学习学习再说吧。阅读里的生词我也是整理下来的，用复制粘贴键还是很方便的，这比听力的生词更重要。

常常这时候再做两篇真题的翻译，因为真题翻译较短，不是很耗精力（听力、阅读的模拟练习由于时间的催促，做完一次是很累的），此时差不多已是华灯初放。晚上拿出《翻译教程》，认真学习。文章不短，仔细分析完一篇后两眼发黑。

就这样，经过痛苦的适应，笔试的复习节奏慢慢形成，书越翻越旧，《听力教程》已经较为熟悉，《翻译教程》虽然只过了一遍，但还是有不小收获，各类题材的东西心里都有些应对的储备了。两个文档都一个单词一个单词地攒到了近二十页。听力提高明显，三大新闻听力基本一遍可听懂90%以上，如果做影子练习会减少一点。

该回学校了，据笔试还有两周。这学期的课程相当令人崩溃：从周一到周五，每天白天七节课，无比均匀，我的高口啊！只能晚上拿出时间继续准备，每天九点以后回宿舍，打开笔记本电脑，继续备考。此时主要精力就在习题上了，目的是保持一个听力和阅读的状态。翻译还是硬功夫，要从根本上加强。

这个时候，我已经能较熟练的进行各类听力题目，笔记大部分时候状态还是不错的，写下来有个样，看着也舒服。由于不断接触翻译，各方面的词汇逐渐达到了不同程度的熟练。经过一遍又一遍逐渐加速的复习，《1000词》已经几乎完全掌握。

3月13日晚，出发，目的地，上海。有沈老同学的接应，安顿较为顺利，住在考点东华大学对面的一个Motel268连锁酒店（268元一晚！没办法，只能找到这个价的地方），3月14晚，休息妥当，强化复习，过一遍文档里的单词以及翻译总结的要领。

3月15日上午，东华大学。

其实整套题感觉并不好，听力因为紧张，正确率低于平时，而且在NG和听译的笔记时因紧张而凌乱，答题时很多都已经认不出来了。阅读则更失败，时间没掌握好，S1部分勉强应付，S2的笔答则剩一篇完全看不懂，只能在临交卷时胡猜八猜，算是把空给填起来了。（阅读上一直下的功夫不够，是个遗憾），英译汉自我感觉良好，汉译英却让我抓狂了，什么“兼听则明，偏信则暗”，“信言不美”，半文半古，真是够狠的，我那个叫搜肠刮肚啊！！！最让我受不了的是，据交卷还有十分钟时，右前方已经有一个小哥自信地放下笔，然后悠闲的等着，高人！真是高人啊！

三个小时完毕，迅速离开，无比愤恨。

回来之后，越想越玄，这分数减巴减巴很可能就到180以下了，反正覆水难收，眼下除了准备口试外，别的什么也做不了。

是的，笔试一结束，无论结果如何，只要你还想考这次的口试，那就立即开始准备。这是经验之谈，因为等三个星期之后笔试成绩出来再作定夺的话，已经太晚了。

那就开始吧。有了准备笔试阶段的储备，按理说在知识容量上应该就是做点补充，但实际上，口试的难度不在于知识储备，而在于你对大量储备的灵活运用能力。明明要求50秒甚至更短的时间作口译，如果你楞是需要一分钟，那就败定了。所以，口试的备考，一方面继续扩充词汇和口译技巧（注意，此处改为口译了），另一方面就是无休止地进行演练，各种题材都要有相当多的涉猎，无论你喜不喜欢，擅不擅长（考到医药卫生类的我就阿弥陀佛了，呵呵），发音的好坏，语速的快慢，笔记的水平，乃至心理素质都成了新的要素。

备考用的核心是《口译教程》，这是重中之重，其题材之广泛、思路之清晰绝对是权威的，也不排除里面几篇文章是笔译风格的，像散文。有人说必须把《教程》全背下来，这是基本功；也有通过者说熟悉重点的句式就可以，我是觉得这取决于每个人在这方面的思维方式，有人是在大量储备成段的文本后才有所悟，也有人是触类旁通，喜欢不断联系（我偏向于这一种），但《教程》的重要性是没有人质疑的（每年的考题里还有一小段直接取自这本书呢，明白了吧）。说白了，即便你背不下来，也必须对这本书非常熟悉，除了笔记法之外，这本书全都囊括了。

我在一开始的步伐有点慢，可能是笔试太消耗我了，有点思维疲劳，但还是同时进行着教程和新东方的那本书。最开始的模拟演练又是伤自信心的时候，几篇踉踉跄跄的下来，我已经感受到为什么人们抱怨口试如此之难了，当音频放完一段，“叮！” 一声，此时大脑和嘴巴就要立即开始协调高速运转了，这里不确定的因素太多了，一个单词、一次口误、一点漏听，或者没作好笔记，都可能导致全盘皆输。解决的途径只有一个：练！

笔试成绩如期出水——205.5分，通过了。此时还获知老校的那位方贤弟也参加此次笔试并通过了，于是相约一同去口试。

4月末有专业考试的压力，时间越来越紧了，我只能在原来基础上再挤时间，每天早晨5点50起床，可以练习40分钟，早饭后早到教室，再练将近半个小时，晚自习十点以后，拿出mp4默声练习，迅速用去一张一张A4纸。这里要说一下，口试的练习必须要一个较为理想的环境，嘈杂哪怕是有明显人声的环境都是不适合的，这不是在考验你的抗干扰能力，而是就在那短短的几十秒，外界的任何风吹草动都会干扰你那极其紧张的思维活动，这样受干扰的训练是不会得到真实的检验的，我就是在每天的这些特定时间专门练习口译，其余时间进行基本功的充实。

进步就是在这样的高强度训练中体现的，4月中旬，我已经逐渐找到感觉，只是时间的控制还是不理想（时间一直是个问题），英译汉只要你会译，速度一般不是问题，母语谁还说不流畅呢（也确实有人此时不会说“人话”，呵呵），而汉译英就麻烦了，需要N次练习和总结才能掌握真谛。也是在这个时候，我进入了误区，忽略了《教程》，直到与武师兄交流，才蓦然意识到，回来恶补。书后面有八套模拟题，我如获至宝的去练习，但发现其间隔时间只有35秒（这也是为什么校内状态改成35 seconds的原因，很闷骚），我一直认为35秒就是实考的要求，但发现无论怎么口译，都达不到这速度，一时间，暗无天日。直到后来一再确认实际时间确实为50秒左右，才姑且放心。

这个时候我达到了什么水平呢？那一阵子正兴起学习科学发展观的高潮，人手一本小册子，晚上回到宿舍，随手翻开一页，我能看着直接口译出来。

都是你们逼我的！

5月2日上午，我们俩登上3折票价的A320航班，一个半小时后到达上海。口试的地点是在上海市外语考试的大本营——上海外国语大学，阿垠帮我们预定的旅馆就在学校对面（与武师兄来时住的竟是同一家，small world!），价钱比笔试住的那家便宜多了，刚过一百。

5月3日，上海外国语大学，该来的迟早要来的。

临行前，我扫了一眼镜中的自己，再看看身后的复习资料。当初从一个阴郁的状态中起步，一次次挑战自己的毅力和智力，期间不无坎坷，而今已是最后关头，此行前去，无论成败。“无论结果如何，我已经做了我所能做的”，我在本子上写下这句话。

程序比较严格：验号，封手机，进候考试，等待叫号。凭第一组人的号码，我很快判断出自己是第二组（曾经做好是最后一组的打算，没想到这么早）。人在过于紧张时候，会呈现两个现象：一是多尿（我今天喝水不多，甚至嘴发干），二是犯傻（已经有好几个“考友”展现出与他们的智力明显不相称的行为）。我却不紧张了，大学以来，多次登台的经历，已经锻炼了这种临场的心理素质。

口语题是要我谈谈“经济危机背景下，国企高管主动放弃薪酬的目的何在”，还好，这样的话题我平时思考的多，有话可说。

终于进入了考场，之前已经无数次在脑中演练过的考场。两个女考官很严肃，守着两台录音机，我还没坐稳就叫我用英语报名字和准考证号，这就开始了啊。我尽量拿出以前演讲时最成功的情态来阐释高管同学们放弃薪酬是什么居心，希望留个好印象。可她俩不看我，5分钟的口语时间还不到30秒，就给我一张白纸，顺便按下了按钮，口译开始。

虽然不是很紧张，但大家都说第一小段英译汉常常听不懂，我也是，但好在嘴巴一直在说（这就使是一种良好的口译素质，不能沉默），大体就是那个意思；接着第二段，咦？怎么又不大懂呢？没关系，又是一阵bulabula；第三段，还好意思很明朗了，译得较为自信；第四段，又不大懂，处理方式同上（想想吧，假如我当时满脑子都是完了完了的念头，也许就真的完了）。汉译英的第一段是教材上的，Bingo！

二、

三、四段其实我的笔记还是比平时凌乱，但记忆此时发挥作用了，对着笔记，我还能不间断的译下来，我说英语有个特点，稍紧张时语速很快，但基本不会口误，而且声音洪亮清晰（大家都建议口试时务必这样）。就这么撑着讲完每段后，还有

3、4秒的剩余。

就这样结束了。

年龄稍大的考官问我：“Are you a university student?”

我有些惊讶于这个问题的提出，实话说吧：“Yeah, I come from Shandong University.”

高级口译，一次通过。

来看看投入与产出。

投入：辅导班+两次前往上海考试+各类教材，总费用约

八、九千元（号称一万）；

练笔记用掉了三百张A4纸（距离著名的七百张还有差距~）

从诊断学开始，到后来的临床课，或多或少都有拖累，直接后果是告别奖学金；

长期的咖啡饮用史，睡眠不足史，令我面黄肌瘦，巩膜轻微黄染，视力下降，白发成倍增长，口试之前的几天甚至怀疑患上了“肠易激综合征”，每天早饭后腹痛腹泻；

产出：一张高口证书

为什么？我也说不清楚，这个选择的作出经过了很多人的启发，也与很多事件的影响有关。得与失的衡量本来就没多大意义，至少这期间的磨练让我多少明白了点为学之道，无论身处何境，都要一样的从容豁达。

我有时也想，如果我没有通过口试呢？那我没有资格写这篇文章，也证明以上所说还不足够应对高口，也意味着我还将把这个暑假完全交给口试的备考，如果再经过两个月的强化，水平肯定早已不是现阶段这样。但我可以省下这两个月了，高口不能拯救一切，我还有医学。

常常有人问我怎么学英语，真的是很难回答。英语是一种磨练和成长，世界很大，强人很多，跟别人比，差距无处不在。作为一个不起眼的小分子，只能选择在无数的缝隙中学会淡定，学会坚毅。当没有人可以为你指路为你护航的时候，你也要坚持下去。

《口译岗位职责.doc》

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