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Forces of Interactions between Bare and Polymer-Coated Iron and Silica: Effect of pH, Ionic Strength, and Humic Acids The interactions between a silica substrate and iron particles were investigated using atomic force microscopy-based force spectroscopy (AFM).The micrometer- and nanosized iron particles employed were either bare or coated with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), a polymer utilized to stabilize iron particle suspensions.The effect of water chemistry on the forces of interaction was probed by varying ionic strength (with 100 mM NaCl and 100 mM CaCl2) or pH (4, 5.5, and 8) or by introducing 10 mg/L of humic acids (HA).When particles were uncoated, the forces upon approach between silica and iron were attractive at pH 4 and 5.5 and in 100 mM CaCl2 at pH 8, but they were negligible in 100 mM NaCl buffered to pH 8 and repulsive in water buffered to pH 8 and in HA solutions.HA produced electrosteric repulsion between iron particles and silica, likely due to its sorption to iron particles.HA sorption to silica was excluded on the basis of experiments conducted with a quartz-crystal microbalance with diipation monitoring.Repulsion with CMC-coated iron was attributed to electrosteric forces, which were damped at high ionic strength.An extended DLVO model and a modified version of Ohshima’s theory were succefully utilized to model AFM data.

PH、离子强度和腐殖酸对硅与裸露铁粒子和高分子聚合物包裹铁粒子之间相互作用的影响 利用以原子力显微镜为基础的光谱法研究石英基片和铁颗粒之间的相互作用。微米和纳米铁颗粒采用的都是赤裸的或羧甲基纤维素包裹的——一种用于稳定铁颗粒悬浮液的聚合物。通过不同离子强度（100mM氯化钠和100mM氯化钙）或PH值（4，5.5，和8）或通过引入10毫克/升的腐殖酸探讨水化学环境对这种相互作用力的影响。当粒子裸露时，硅和铁的相互接近的吸引力出现在PH值4和5.5 。加100mM氯化钙时出现在PH值为8的时候。但在PH为8的100毫米氯化钠缓冲溶液中它们是可忽略的，在PH为8的水和腐殖酸溶液中表现为相互排斥。腐殖酸使铁颗粒和二氧化硅之间产生静电斥力，可能由于其吸附铁颗粒。通过进行了石英晶体微天平与耗散监测的实验，腐殖酸吸附硅胶的可能性被排除在外。与羧甲基纤维素包铁颗粒的斥力是由于静电力量，这种静电力在高离子强度会减弱。一个扩展的 DLVO模型和Ohshima理论修改后的版本成功地拟合了原子力显微镜得到的数据。

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