初中英语课堂教学模式探究
2020-03-01 21:09:40 来源：范文大全收藏下载本文
根据仁爱版初中英语教材的特点和农村初中生的学情状况，以及课程标准要求，探索适合学生英语学习的课堂教学模式，为学生的语言学习和交际运用创造展示的平台，是初中英语教师应尽的义务。
一、实施“任务型”教学模式，让学生在完成任务中学习
新课标倡导任务型教学模式，“任务教学法”（Task-based Teaching Approach）是在20世纪90年代逐渐盛行的一种由交际教学衍生出来的新型教学方法，又称为任务型语言教学法。以具体的任务为载体，以完成任务为动力，把知识和技能融为一体，让学生通过听、说、读、写等活动发展和完善自己的语言能力，用所学语言做事，在做事过程中自然地使用所学语言，在使用所学语言做事的过程中发展和完善自己的语言能力。目前，仁爱版初中英语教材鼓励老师尽量采用这种教学模式。我认为，从对教师的要求上看，这种模式要求教师积极主动地转变教学观念，随时调整教学方式和行为，把学习的主动权真正还给学生。这种模式要求教学形式不拘一格，课堂以学生为主体，以任务为主线，重视体验参与，重视语言运用，正视个体差异，倡导过程激励，以多层次、多角度、多主体的结果与过程并重的评价方式激励进步。从对学生的要求看，它要求学生转变传统的学习方法，把学习变成一种自觉行为，采用自主学习、合作学习和探究式学习的学习方式，主动参与交流和思维，养成良好的学习习惯和形成有效的学习策略。以上是我对仁爱版初中英语教材和任务型教学模式的认识和理解。
二、引入竞争机制与抢答机制，让学生在竞赛活动中学习
长期以来，课堂上学生回答问题要举手，经教师允许后再起立发言，或者是直接由老师指定谁回答问题，这已成为一种习惯，一种传统做法。它不仅在中学生守则中有明文规定，而且是人们衡量一个教学班教学秩序是否稳定的尺度。但是，随着英语教法改革的不断深入，新课改的推进，是否应该破一破这一章法呢？我认为，答案是肯定的。将竞争机制与抢答机制引入英语课堂教学，课堂教学气氛有了极大的改观，一改过去上课死气沉沉的局面。竞赛一开始，学生就争先恐后地站起来抢答问题，进行密集快速活动，大大增加课堂教学密度，提高每分钟的效率，形成教学高潮。情感既是外语教育的手段，又是外语教育的目的，在以抢答取代举手发言的教学中，师生间的情感、学生间的情感得以充分交流，学生的情感得以升华，中学生处于青少年时期，对事物有新奇感，他们大脑神经活动机能的主要特点是兴奋点高。一个人好奇心满足了，则英语知识和交际技巧的水平就提高了一步。
中学生特别喜欢抢答、竞赛，以显示自己的力量，极具成就感，以抢答取代举手发言无疑是符合这一心理特征。在英语课堂教学中，我以抢答取代了举手发言，活跃了课堂气氛，有效地控制了学生学习英语，用英语表达自己思想时的焦虑感，激励了学生学习英语的情意因素，充分调动了学生的积极性，受到了学生的一致欢迎，同时取得了一定的成效。
三、运用“四位一体”教学方法，让学生在学习中拓展
英语“四位一体”课堂教学方法，也叫“4P”教学法，是包教授借鉴国外“3P”的外语教学理论，根据我国课堂教学学时有限的情况，发展并创新的英语课堂教学法。包教授认为，英语教学的所有课型都可以用英语“4P”教学法进行，这里的“4P”是指：preparation，presentation，practice和production。
第一个P是preparation。这需要教师和学生都做准备，对学生来讲是以软作业（soft homework）的形式做好课前准备。软作业的范围很广泛，不仅仅局限于教材。每节课我的课堂以“Everyday English，everyday show”开始，其中包括两个软作业：对话表演和复习短语、小知识点。对话选材以书后听力材料为主，6人一组，每天轮流一组；短语由不同的学生每天总结10个，到讲台做提问，同学们抢答，加分，在抢答过程中看到有不参与的同学，再随意叫起，进行必答，同时达到兵教兵的目的。天长日久，养成习惯，每个同学注意力高度集中，即使不被叫道，也要把知识点默背很多遍。
第二个P叫做presentation，就是授课，或叫呈现。这个过程当中，老师起主导作用。要充分体现learning-centred，保证课堂教学过程的有效性。这一阶段主要不是学生之间的interaction，更多的是老师和学生之间的双向交流。英语课堂形式可以多样化，老师要充分利用好现代教学设备，如音响、多媒体技术等手段进行教学，但老师不要仅仅把自己扮演成设备操作员。
第三个P叫做practice，就是操练，或者叫实践。和学生研讨完以后就要有一个语言实践过程，老师和学生的相互交流，感受语境是非常重要的。这一阶段是对前一阶段presentation的强化训练，方式包括听、说、读、写、译等。学生感受语境，培养语感，二人一组、三人一组乃至六人一组地对话，小组活动充分展示，这一阶段大概要占用课堂近一半左右的时间，以学生的亲自实践为主。
第四个P是production，就是output，输出或者叫产出、使用。这一环节是课堂教学最后一个环节，也是最重要的环节。这一阶段大部分内容可以放到课后，课堂上占用时间不要太多，这正好和下一个“4P”教学法中的第一个“P”循环衔接在一起。除了应用训练以外，也可以讲一些风俗文化、相关背景等有关语言使用的内容，这个环节可以进行英语表演、小组调查及写作，检查学生应用语言的能力。
总之，课堂教学模式的实施和改进，目的在于提高课堂45分钟的教学效率，促进学生的英语学习和应用交际。因此，教师在课堂教学中应采用多种教学手段刺激学生的各种感官，让学生充分体验英语学习的快乐，从而产生求知的欲望，只有这样才能实现英语课堂教学的高效。
According to the characteristics of the charity version of junior middle school English teaching and the learning situation of rural junior high school students, the curriculum standards, and to explore students' English learning mode of claroom teaching, language learning and communication for students using creating display platform, is the duty of junior middle school English teachers.A, "task-based" teaching mode, let the students in completing the task English curriculum advocates the task-based Teaching model, "Task Teaching method" (Task -based would Approach) is becoming popular in the 1990 s by a derived a new Teaching method, communicative Teaching is also known as task-based language Teaching method.With specific tasks as the carrier, to complete the task for the power, the knowledge and skills together, let the student through development activities, such as listening, speaking, reading and writing and improve their language ability, to do with what they have learned language, naturally to use the language in the proce of doing things, working in using the language in the proce of development and improve their language ability.At present, the humanity version of junior middle school English teaching materials to encourage teachers try to use this teaching mode.I think, look from the requirement for teachers, this mode requires teachers to change teaching idea actively, adjust the teaching methods and behavior, give the initiative learning really back to students.This model requires teaching form, not stick to one cla with students as the main body, with task as the main line, attach importance to experience to participate in, attach importance to language use, face up to individual differences, advocating proce incentive, multi-level and multi-angle, the main results and proce and ways of evaluation incentive progre.Look from the demands of students, it requires students to change the traditional learning methods, learning into a conscious act, the autonomous learning, cooperative learning and inquiry learning approach to learning, actively participate in communication and thinking, form good learning habits and form effective learning strategies.The above is my for charity version of junior middle school English teaching and task-based teaching mode of understanding and the understanding.Second, the introduction of competition mechanism and the mechanism of vies to answer first, let the students learn in the competition For a long time, students in the cla to answer questions to raise your hand, after the teacher allows another rose to speak, or are directly aigned by the teacher who answer this question, this has become a habit, a kind of tradition.It not only in the middle school students are prescribed in the code of conduct, and it is people measure a claes teaching order is stable.However, with the deepening of the reform of English teaching methods, the advancement of new curriculum reform, the composition of whether should break a break? I think, the answer is yes.Introducing competition mechanism and the mechanism of vies to answer first English claroom teaching, claroom teaching atmosphere has a great change, a change in the past sleepy in cla.Competition in the beginning, students are scrambling to stand up vies to answer first, rapid intensive activities, greatly increase the density of claroom teaching, improve the efficiency of every minute,www.daodoc.com www.hendht.net two people a group, a group of three people and even the dialogue in groups of six people, group activities show, this stage takes up nearly half of cla time, probably is given priority to with the students' practice.Fourth, P is production is the output, the output or output, use.This link is the last link of claroom teaching is the most important link.This stage most of the content can be in the cla, the cla takes up time not too much, this and the next "4 P" teaching method in the first "P" loop join together.In addition to the application of training, also can speak a few custom culture, background and so on the content of language use, performance, team to investigate this link can be English and writing, check the students' ability of application of language.In short, the implementation and improvement of the claroom teaching mode, the purpose is to improve the claroom 45 minutes the teaching efficiency, promote students' English learning and application of communication.Therefore, the teacher in the claroom teaching a variety of teaching methods should be adopted to stimulate the students' various senses, let the students fully experience the joy of learning English, resulting in seeking knowledge desire, only in this way can achieve efficient claroom teaching of English.
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